Cardiopulmonary function device and control method for simulating respiration

Abstract

The application provides a kind of simulation breathing cardiopulmonary function device and control method, it includes breathing power module and gas proportioning module, breathing power module is connected with gas proportioning module and the pipeline of measured equipment, breathing power module provides breathing simulation process for measured equipment, wherein, gas proportioning module controls the composition, temperature and humidity of simulated exhaled gas of breathing power module;By accurately controlling the composition, temperature and humidity of simulated exhaled gas, the simulation breathing cardiopulmonary function device of the application can more accurately simulate the respiratory metabolism of human body in different states, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of cardiopulmonary exercise test system performance test and calibration.This provides more accurate data support for clinical diagnosis and treatment, and helps doctors make more scientific judgments.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cardiopulmonary exercise testing, in particular to a cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) is a non-invasive detection method for comprehensive evaluation of the overall function of various organ systems in the human body under exercise conditions, and has been widely used in rehabilitation medicine, sports medicine, preoperative assessment, postoperative rehabilitation, sports training and other fields. The CPET system collects the parameters such as the composition, concentration, flow rate and temperature and humidity of the inhaled and exhaled gas of the human body under different exercise conditions, and processes and analyzes the data through computer software to obtain key test targets, such as lung function test results under static and exercise conditions, and then comprehensively and objectively assesses the overall response of the cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, neurophysiological and metabolic systems of the human body. This method provides important data support for clinical diagnosis and treatment, and is considered as the gold standard for evaluating cardiopulmonary reserve function.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the performance testing and calibration of CPET systems face many challenges. Although the current market's respiratory simulator can assist in the preliminary evaluation of device performance parameters to some extent, its limitations are increasingly evident. Specifically, the existing respiratory simulator mainly has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. Unable to truly simulate human breathing frequency and pattern: Most existing devices use simple sine or triangular wave patterns to simulate breathing, which is far from the individualized and nonlinear changes in the actual human respiratory process, resulting in limited accuracy and precision of test results.

[0005] 2. Unable to meet the requirements of gas humidity and temperature: The exhaled gas of the human body during exercise has a specific humidity (up to 75%) and temperature (28-30℃), while existing simulators can only provide dry gas and maintain the temperature at room temperature level, making it difficult to simulate the real respiratory environment.

[0006] 3. Large structure, not convenient for moving and transporting: Some traditional respiratory simulators have complex structures and take up a lot of space, making it difficult to apply flexibly in different scenarios.

[0007] 4. Insufficient control precision: The precision control of existing devices needs to be improved, and it is difficult to accurately simulate the changes in breathing parameters of different populations and different conditions.

[0008] 5. Lack of individualized adjustment function: With the deepening of clinical research, the demand for individualization and precision of the respiratory simulator is increasing, but existing devices still have great deficiencies in this regard.

[0009] Furthermore, although some research institutions and companies both domestically and internationally have ventured into the field of respiratory simulators, related products generally suffer from a lack of technical standards and limited technical data, making it difficult to meet the needs of actual cardiopulmonary exercise simulation and verification. In particular, high-performance respiratory simulators capable of fully simulating respiratory metabolic changes during human exercise remain scarce in dynamic cardiopulmonary function testing. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The main objective of this invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot meet the requirements for gas humidity and temperature.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing, which includes: a breathing power module and a gas ratio module. The breathing power module is connected to the gas ratio module and the pipeline of the device under test. The breathing power module provides a breathing simulation process for the device under test. The gas ratio module controls the composition, temperature and humidity of the simulated exhaled gas of the breathing power module.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas mixing module receives positive and negative pressure from the breathing power module. The gas mixing module includes a gas component mixing mechanism and a gas humidity mixing mechanism, both of which are connected to the breathing power module's piping.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas composition proportioning mechanism includes a first mass flow meter, a second mass flow meter, and a flexible airbag connected to the breathing power module pipeline. The input ends of the first and second mass flow meters are respectively connected to external gas sources of different gases, and the output ends of the first and second mass flow meters are both connected to the flexible airbag pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a first solenoid valve is provided between the flexible airbag and the breathing power module. When the gas composition proportioning mechanism receives negative air pressure from the breathing power module, the first solenoid valve opens, and the gas composition proportioning mechanism provides the breathing power module with a mixture of various components.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas humidity mixing mechanism includes a humidity control box connected to the breathing power module pipeline, a water vapor control valve installed on the humidity control box for controlling water vapor entering the box, and a humidity sensor installed inside the humidity control box. The humidity control box is connected to the breathing power module and the pipeline of the device under test.

[0016] Furthermore, a second solenoid valve is installed between the humidity control box and the breathing power module. When the humidity control box receives positive air pressure from the breathing power module, the second solenoid valve opens, and the exhaled simulated gas provided by the breathing power module enters the humidity control box.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a gas path three-way tube, one end of which is connected to the breathing power module pipeline, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the gas composition ratio mechanism and the gas humidity ratio mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the breathing power module includes a relatively fixed cylinder and a servo motor. A piston rod is slidably arranged inside the cylinder. The gas proportioning module is connected to the pipeline inside the cylinder. The output end of the servo motor is driven by a lead screw and nut structure. The piston rod is connected to the nut. The rotation of the servo motor can drive the piston rod to slide in the cylinder through the lead screw and nut structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the gas proportioning module also includes a temperature regulation mechanism for adjusting the gas temperature. The temperature regulation mechanism includes a temperature controller and a heating resistance patch disposed inside the cylinder and electrically connected to the temperature controller.

[0020] Furthermore, a control method for precisely controlling a simulated breathing mode is also provided. This method includes a computer, a camera, a host computer, and a cardiopulmonary function device simulating breathing, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S01. At least one camera is used to capture changes in human posture or breathing parameters during human respiration and transmit the parameters to a computer.

[0022] S02. The computer transmits the data captured by the camera to a remote host computer in real time via the Internet;

[0023] S03. The host computer receives and processes the data transmitted by the camera, and automatically adjusts the control parameters of the breathing power module and the gas ratio module based on the data captured by the camera through a visual algorithm.

[0024] S04, the respiratory power module, and the gas proportioning module simulate respiratory waveforms and parameters that match the actual human breathing pattern according to the control instructions of the host computer software.

[0025] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By precisely controlling the composition, temperature, and humidity of the simulated exhaled gas, the simulated respiratory cardiopulmonary function device of the present invention can more accurately simulate the respiratory metabolism of the human body under different states, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the performance testing and calibration of the cardiopulmonary exercise testing system. This provides more accurate data support for clinical diagnosis and treatment, helping doctors to make more scientific judgments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing provided in this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the respiratory power module provided in this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas proportioning module provided in this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control method provided in this application.

[0030] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are explained as follows: 1. Gas composition proportioning mechanism; 11. First mass flow meter; 12. Second mass flow meter; 13. Flexible airbag; 14. First solenoid valve; 2. Humidity proportioning mechanism; 21. Humidity control box; 22. Second solenoid valve; 3. Gas tee pipe; 4. Fixing frame; 41. Cylinder; 42. Servo motor; 43. Screw and nut structure; 44. Piston rod; 441. Piston; 5. Temperature adjustment mechanism; 51. Heating resistance patch; 52. Temperature controller. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations herein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] To further illustrate the principles and structure of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-4The present embodiment provides a cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing, including an expiratory power module and an air mixing module. The expiratory power module is connected to the device under test and simulates human inhalation and exhalation, providing a breathing simulation process for the device under test. The air mixing module can control the composition, temperature and humidity of the simulated exhaled gas of the expiratory power module.

[0035] By precisely controlling the composition, temperature, and humidity of the simulated exhaled gas, the simulated respiratory cardiopulmonary function device of this invention can more accurately simulate the respiratory metabolism of the human body under different conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) system performance testing and calibration. This provides more accurate data support for clinical diagnosis and treatment, helping doctors make more scientific judgments.

[0036] The aforementioned respiratory power module can generate positive and negative air pressure to drive gas flow, thereby enabling inhalation and exhalation.

[0037] The gas mixing module includes a gas component mixing mechanism 1 and a gas humidity mixing mechanism 2. Both the gas component mixing mechanism 1 and the gas humidity mixing mechanism 2 are connected to the breathing power module pipeline. The gas component mixing mechanism 1 can mix gases such as N2, CO2, and O2 in a preset ratio to simulate the gas components exchanged by the lungs during human breathing. The gas humidity mixing mechanism 2 is used to adjust the humidity of the exhaled gas.

[0038] The gas mixing module can accept positive and negative air pressure generated by the breathing power module. When the breathing power module generates negative air pressure, the gas with multiple components mixed by the gas component mixing mechanism 1 flows to the breathing power module. When the breathing power module generates positive air pressure, the mixed gas flows to the gas humidity mixing mechanism 2. After the mixed gas passes through the gas humidity mixing mechanism 2 to adjust the humidity, it flows to the device under test as exhaled gas.

[0039] Furthermore, the aforementioned gas mixing mechanism includes a first mass flow meter 11, a second mass flow meter 12, a flexible airbag 13, and a valve. The input ends of the first and second mass flow meters are connected to gas sources of different external gases, and their output ends are connected to the pipeline of the flexible airbag 13. The flexible airbag 13 is not only connected to the pipelines of the first and second mass flow meters 11 and 12, but also to the pipeline of the respiratory power module. The valve is located between the flexible airbag 13 and the respiratory power module, and the valve is preferably a first solenoid valve 14. The first and second mass flow meters can directly measure and control the mass and flow rate of the gas passing through them, thereby accurately controlling the composition ratio of the exhaled gas. During the simulated breathing process, the accurate measurement capability of the mass flow meters allows the breathing simulator to more closely approximate the real situation when simulating the human breathing process, thereby improving the realism and reliability of the simulation. This is of great significance for evaluating the performance of the cardiopulmonary exercise testing system.

[0040] The number of mass flow meters is not limited to two. Multiple mass flow meters can be connected to the flexible airbag 13 pipeline according to the test requirements. For example, a third mass flow meter can also be set. The N2, CO2, and O2 gas sources correspond one-to-one with the first, second, and third mass flow meters, respectively. Before inhalation, the first, second, and third mass flow meters first mix the required gas mass according to the requirements and store the mixed gas in the flexible airbag 13. During inhalation, the first solenoid valve 14 opens, and the mixed gas in the flexible airbag 13 flows into the breathing power module under the action of negative pressure.

[0041] Furthermore, the gas humidity mixing mechanism 2 includes a humidity control box 21, a water vapor control valve, and a humidity sensor. A humidity control chamber is formed inside the humidity control box, and the humidity sensor is installed inside the humidity control chamber. The water vapor control valve is installed on the humidity control box 21 and communicates with the humidity control chamber, controlling the entry of water vapor into the humidity control chamber. The humidity control box 21 is connected to the breathing power module pipeline. When exhaling, the breathing power module can transmit the mixed gas to the humidity control chamber. The humidity sensor detects the humidity of the mixed gas, and an external controller can control the opening and closing of the water vapor valve based on the value detected by the humidity sensor, thereby controlling the humidity of the mixed air. The device under test is connected to the humidity control box 21 pipeline, and the humidity-adjusted mixed air enters the device under test through the pipeline. By setting up the humidity control box 21, the humidity of the gas can be adjusted along the gas exhalation path, preventing the cylinder 41 from being corroded by water vapor and greatly improving its service life.

[0042] By employing a mass flow meter to precisely control the proportions of various gases, the system can simulate the gas composition exchanged in the lungs during actual human respiration. Simultaneously, the gas humidity mixing mechanism 2, through a humidity control chamber 21 and a water vapor control valve, achieves precise adjustment of the humidity of exhaled gas, making the simulated breathing environment closer to actual human breathing and enhancing the realism of the simulation.

[0043] Furthermore, a second solenoid valve 22 is provided between the humidity control box 21 and the breathing power module. When the gas composition proportioning mechanism 1 receives negative air pressure from the breathing power module (i.e., during inhalation), the second solenoid valve 22 closes and the first solenoid valve 14 opens; when the breathing power module exhales, the second solenoid valve 22 opens and the first solenoid valve 14 closes.

[0044] Furthermore, it also includes a three-way air passage tube 3, one end of which is connected to the breathing power module pipeline, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the humidity control box 21 and the flexible airbag 13.

[0045] Furthermore, the aforementioned respiratory power module includes a fixed frame 4, a servo motor 42, a lead screw and nut structure 43, a cylinder 41, and a piston rod 44 slidably disposed within the cylinder 41. Both the servo motor 42 and the cylinder 41 are fixedly mounted on the fixed frame 4. The cylinder 41 has two air ports communicating with the cylinder interior, located on both sides of the piston 441 of the piston rod 44 (i.e., on both axial sides of the cylinder 41). The humidity control box 21 of the gas proportioning module and the flexible airbag 13 are connected through the same air port of the air passage tee 3. The lead screw and nut structure 43 is mounted on the fixed frame 4 and the lead screw and nut structure 43 is slidably disposed within the cylinder 41. The output end of the servo motor 42 is driven and connected, and the end of the piston rod 44 protruding from the cylinder 41 is connected to the nut. The rotation of the servo motor 42 can drive the piston rod 44 to slide back and forth in the cylinder 41 through the screw and nut structure 43, so as to realize the inhalation and exhalation action of the cylinder 41. Compared with the traditional breathing simulator with complex structure and large space occupation, the present invention adopts a compact design. For example, the use of servo motor 42 and ball screw to drive the cylinder 41 to realize breathing power not only reduces the size and weight of the device, but also improves the flexibility and portability of the device, which is convenient for flexible application in different scenarios.

[0046] The servo motor 42 drives the lead screw to rotate one revolution, and the nut is displaced by one lead distance. In this embodiment of the invention, the rotational speed of the servo motor 42 is controlled by a host computer (controller) to control the displacement speed and distance of the nut, thereby controlling the displacement speed and distance of the piston rod 44. The displacement speed of the piston rod 44 determines the exhaled gas flow rate, and the distance the piston rod 44 moves determines the amount of air exhaled. The host computer can be set with multiple motor speed control modes to simulate various human breathing patterns and switch between different breathing waveforms.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to achieve temperature regulation of the mixed gas by the gas proportioning module, the gas proportioning module also includes a temperature regulation mechanism 5 for regulating the gas temperature. The temperature regulation mechanism 5 regulates the temperature of the gas in the cylinder 41. The cylinder 41 is the main place for gas inhalation and exhalation, and the gas stays in the cylinder 41 for a relatively long time. This provides the temperature regulation mechanism 5 with enough time to regulate the gas temperature to reach the required temperature. It also allows for more complete heat exchange between the temperature regulation mechanism 5 and the gas, improving the temperature regulation efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] Furthermore, the temperature regulating mechanism 5 includes a heating resistance patch 51 disposed in the cylinder 41 and a temperature controller 52 disposed on the cylinder 41 or the mounting bracket 4. The heating resistance patch 51 and the temperature controller 52 are electrically connected. The temperature controller 52 controls the power of the heating resistance patch 51 according to the temperature of the exhaled gas, thereby realizing the regulation of the gas temperature.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for precisely controlling a simulated breathing mode. This method includes a computer, a camera, a host computer, and the cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing described above. The steps of this method are as follows:

[0050] S01. At least one camera is used to capture changes in human posture or respiratory parameters during human breathing and transmit the parameters to a computer; in this step, the data captured by the camera includes, but is not limited to, changes in human posture, respiratory rate, respiratory depth or diastolic blood pressure during deep breathing.

[0051] S02. The computer transmits the data captured by the camera to a remote host computer in real time via the Internet. In this step, the host computer has two modes: manual input and automatic adjustment. The manual input mode allows users to directly set the breathing rate and tidal volume parameters. The automatic adjustment mode automatically adjusts the control parameters of the breathing simulator based on the data captured by the camera using a visual algorithm.

[0052] S03. The host computer receives and processes the data transmitted by the camera, and automatically adjusts the control parameters of the breathing power module and the gas ratio module based on the data captured by the camera through a visual algorithm.

[0053] S04, the respiratory power module and the gas ratio module simulate respiratory waveforms and parameters that match the actual human breathing pattern according to the control instructions of the host computer software, including but not limited to respiratory rate, tidal volume, respiratory depth and breathing pattern.

[0054] Although the invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is illustrative and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cardiopulmonary function device simulating breathing, characterized in that, It includes a breathing power module and a gas ratio module. The breathing power module is connected to the gas ratio module and the pipeline of the device under test. The breathing power module provides a breathing simulation process for the device under test. The gas ratio module controls the composition, temperature and humidity of the simulated exhaled gas of the breathing power module. The breathing power module includes a relatively fixed cylinder and a servo motor. A piston rod is slidably arranged inside the cylinder. The gas proportioning module is connected to the pipeline inside the cylinder. The output end of the servo motor is driven by a lead screw and nut structure. The piston rod is connected to the nut. The rotation of the servo motor can drive the piston rod to slide in the cylinder through the lead screw and nut structure. The gas mixing module receives positive and negative pressure from the breathing power module. The gas mixing module includes a gas component mixing mechanism and a gas humidity mixing mechanism, both of which are connected to the breathing power module pipeline. The gas proportioning module also includes a temperature regulation mechanism for adjusting the gas temperature. The temperature regulation mechanism includes a temperature controller and a heating resistance patch that is electrically connected to the temperature controller and is located inside the cylinder. It also includes a three-way air passage pipe, one end of which is connected to the air inlet and outlet of the cylinder, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the gas composition ratio mechanism and the gas humidity ratio mechanism through the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve. The opening and closing of the first and second solenoid valves are synchronized with the inhalation / exhalation actions of the respiratory power module: when the respiratory power module performs an inhalation action, the first solenoid valve opens and the second solenoid valve closes; when the respiratory power module performs an exhalation action, the second solenoid valve opens and the first solenoid valve closes.

2. The cardiopulmonary function device simulating breathing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas composition proportioning mechanism includes a first mass flow meter, a second mass flow meter, and a flexible airbag connected to the breathing power module pipeline. The input ends of the first and second mass flow meters are respectively connected to external gas sources of different gases, and the output ends of the first and second mass flow meters are both connected to the flexible airbag pipeline.

3. The cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first solenoid valve is installed between the flexible airbag and the breathing power module. When the gas composition proportioning mechanism receives negative air pressure from the breathing power module, the first solenoid valve opens, and the gas composition proportioning mechanism provides the breathing power module with a mixture of various components.

4. The cardiopulmonary function device simulating breathing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas humidity mixing mechanism includes a humidity control box connected to the breathing power module pipeline, a water vapor control valve installed on the humidity control box to control the water vapor entering the box, and a humidity sensor installed inside the humidity control box. The humidity control box is connected to the breathing power module and the pipeline of the device under test.

5. The cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second solenoid valve is installed between the humidity control box and the breathing power module. When the humidity control box receives positive air pressure from the breathing power module, the second solenoid valve opens, and the exhaled simulated gas provided by the breathing power module enters the humidity control box.

6. A control method for precisely controlling a simulated breathing mode, the method comprising a computer, a camera, a host computer, and a cardiopulmonary function device for simulating breathing as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S01. At least one camera is used to capture changes in human posture or breathing parameters during human respiration and transmit the parameters to a computer. S02. The computer transmits the data captured by the camera to a remote host computer in real time via the Internet; S03. The host computer receives and processes the data transmitted by the camera, and automatically adjusts the control parameters of the breathing power module and the gas ratio module based on the data captured by the camera through a visual algorithm. S04, the respiratory power module, and the gas proportioning module simulate respiratory waveforms and parameters that match the actual human breathing pattern according to the control instructions of the host computer software.

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