Coal mine underground ventilation valve device

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation valve device for an underground coal mine, the technical scheme of which mainly comprises a valve tube; a switch mechanism, wherein two switch mechanisms are provided; a filter mechanism, wherein the filter mechanism is arranged between the two switch mechanisms; a cleaning mechanism, wherein the cleaning mechanism is arranged on a side of the filter mechanism close to the ventilation duct; a dust outlet pipe, wherein the dust outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve tube, the dust outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve tube, an air inlet located in a second area is arranged at the bottom of the valve tube, the air inlet is connected to the dust outlet pipe, a dust outlet plate for controlling the switch of the dust outlet pipe is arranged at one end of the dust outlet pipe close to the first switch mechanism away from the ventilation duct, a spray pipe passing through the dust outlet pipe is arranged in the dust outlet pipe; and a connecting pipe; through the arrangement of the connecting pipe and the cleaning pipe, the two switch mechanisms can be coordinated to enable air to back-blow the filter mechanism and discharge dust through the dust outlet pipe, and there is no need to disassemble and clean the filter mechanism, thereby saving time and effort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine ventilation, and more particularly to an underground ventilation valve device for a coal mine. Background Art

[0002] A coal mine is an area where people come to mine coal resources in a coal-rich mining area. It is generally divided into underground coal mines and open-pit coal mines. When the coal seam is far from the surface, people generally choose to dig tunnels underground to mine coal. This is an underground mine, also known as an underground coal mine. During coal mining work, in order to ensure stable ventilation in the underground coal mine, most of them are equipped with ventilation ducts, and the polluted air in the mine is discharged outside the mine through the ventilation ducts. On the ventilation duct, at least at one end of the ventilation duct that exhausts air to the outside world, a ventilation valve is set, and the operation of the ventilation duct is controlled by the ventilation valve.

[0003] Since the air in coal mines is polluted and contains a lot of dust, in order to prevent pollution to the outside air, there will be filters in the ventilation ducts or ventilation valves to filter the dust. However, due to the excessive dust in the air of coal mines, the filters need to be cleaned frequently. The filters need to be disassembled every time they are cleaned, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation valve device for an underground coal mine, which, through the arrangement of a connecting pipe and a cleaning pipe, can cooperate with two switch mechanisms to allow air to back-blow the filtering mechanism and discharge the dust through a dust outlet pipe. There is no need to disassemble and clean the filtering mechanism, which saves time and effort.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a ventilation valve device for underground coal mines, comprising a valve pipe, the valve pipe is configured as a square pipe, the top and bottom of the valve pipe are horizontal, one end of the valve pipe is connected to a ventilation duct, and the other end discharges air to the outside;

[0006] A switch mechanism, the switch mechanism is used to control the switch of the valve pipe, and two switch mechanisms are provided. The two switch mechanisms are arranged in the valve pipe along the length direction of the valve pipe. The switch mechanism far away from the ventilation duct is the first switch mechanism, and the switch mechanism close to the ventilation duct is the second switch mechanism;

[0007] A filter mechanism, which is arranged between the two switch mechanisms and is used to filter dust in the air. The first area is between the first switch mechanism and the filter mechanism in the valve tube, the second area is between the filter mechanism and the second switch mechanism, and the third area is near the ventilation duct of the second switch mechanism;

[0008] A cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism is arranged on a side of the filter mechanism close to the ventilation duct, and the cleaning mechanism is used to clean the dust on the filter mechanism;

[0009] A dust outlet pipe, the dust outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve pipe, the dust outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve pipe, an air inlet located at the second area is provided at the bottom of the valve pipe, the air inlet is connected to the dust outlet pipe, and a dust outlet plate for controlling the switch of the dust outlet pipe is provided at one end of the dust outlet pipe close to the first switch mechanism away from the ventilation duct, and a spray pipe passing through the dust outlet pipe is provided in the dust outlet pipe;

[0010] And a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe valve pipe top, the valve pipe top is provided with a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole located in the first area and the second area, and the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are provided with a first switch plate and a second switch plate.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: it also includes a control mechanism, wherein two control mechanisms are provided, and the two control mechanisms are respectively a first control mechanism and a second control mechanism, wherein the first control mechanism is used to control the switch of the first switch plate, the first switch mechanism and the dust outlet plate, and when the first switch plate and the dust outlet plate are closed, the first switch mechanism is opened, and when the first switch mechanism is closed, the first switch plate and the dust outlet plate are opened;

[0012] The second control mechanism is used to control the switching of the second switch mechanism and the second switch plate. When the second switch plate is opened, the second switch mechanism is closed, and when the second switch mechanism is opened, the second switch plate is closed;

[0013] The first switch mechanism and the second switch mechanism are opened and closed at the same time.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the switch mechanism comprises a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube, the fixing plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the valve tube, and a plurality of ventilation holes arranged in the vertical direction are opened on the fixing plate;

[0015] And an opening and closing plate, wherein the opening and closing plates are provided in plurality, and the plurality of opening and closing plates respectively correspond to the plurality of ventilation holes, the opening and closing plates are provided on a side of the fixed plate away from the ventilation duct, the top of the opening and closing plates is hinged to the top of the corresponding ventilation hole, the rotation axis of the opening and closing plates is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the valve tube, and when the opening and closing plates are attached to the fixed plate, the opening and closing plates close the corresponding ventilation holes.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the control mechanism comprises a control rod, the control rod is vertically arranged and is configured as a round rod, the control rod vertically passes through the connecting pipe and the valve pipe, and the control rod is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe and the valve pipe;

[0017] A fixing rod, which is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube, and two fixing rods are provided, and the arrangement direction of the two fixing rods is parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate;

[0018] A control panel, wherein a plurality of control panels are provided, each control panel corresponds to an opening and closing panel, one end of the control panel is connected to the corresponding opening and closing panel, and the other end is hinged to two fixed rods, the rotation axis of the opening and closing panel on the fixed rod is parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing panel, and the width direction of the control panel is horizontal and parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing panel;

[0019] A connecting strip, two connecting strips are arranged on one side of the opening and closing plate close to the control plate and are respectively arranged on both sides of the control plate, the length direction of the connecting strip is parallel to the opening and closing plate and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate, a long strip groove is arranged along the length direction of the connecting strip on the connecting strip, two first connecting shafts are arranged on both sides of the control plate, the two first connecting shafts are respectively inserted into the two long strip grooves, and the two first connecting shafts can rotate relative to the connecting plate and can slide along the length direction of the long strip groove;

[0020] and a lifting rod, wherein a plurality of lifting rods are provided, each lifting rod corresponds to a control panel, a clearance hole penetrating the control panel in a direction perpendicular to the control panel is provided on the control panel, and long strip holes arranged along the length direction of the control panel are provided on both sides of the clearance hole, the lifting rod is located in the clearance hole of the corresponding control panel, the length direction of the lifting rod is arranged along the width direction of the control panel, and two second connecting shafts respectively inserted into the two long strip holes are fixedly connected at both ends of the lifting rod;

[0021] The control rod of the first control mechanism vertically passes through the first switch plate, the lifting rod and the dust outlet plate and is rotatably connected with the first switch plate, the lifting rod and the dust outlet plate. The control rod of the second control mechanism vertically passes through the second switch plate and the lifting rod and is rotatably connected with the second switch plate and the lifting rod.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: the control mechanism also includes two guide rods, which are respectively located on both sides of the control rod, the two guide rods of the first control mechanism vertically pass through the first switch plate and the dust outlet plate, and the two guide rods of the second control mechanism vertically pass through the second switch plate.

[0023] The present invention is further configured as follows: the filtering mechanism includes a support plate, the support plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube, a circular hole is provided on the support plate and penetrates the support plate along the length direction of the valve tube, a cross bracket is provided in the circular hole, and the cross bracket is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the circular hole;

[0024] A support ring, wherein a plurality of support rings are provided, and the plurality of support rings are fixedly connected to a side of the cross bracket close to the cleaning mechanism, the support ring is coaxial with the circular hole, and the plurality of support rings are sequentially arranged outward from the axis of the circular hole;

[0025] A fixed column, the fixed column is fixedly connected to the cross bracket near the cleaning mechanism and is located at the axis of the innermost support ring;

[0026] And filter plates, a plurality of filter plates arranged around the axis of the support ring are fixedly connected to the inner side of the support ring, and filter cotton for filtering dust is arranged between two adjacent filter plates and is respectively fixedly connected to the two filter plates.

[0027] The present invention is further configured as follows: the cleaning mechanism comprises a rotating rod, which rotates around the axis of the fixed column;

[0028] And a lever, a plurality of levers are fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod close to the support ring, each lever corresponds to a support ring, and the lever is arranged on the inner side of the corresponding support ring to move the filter sheet inside the corresponding support ring when following the rotation of the rotating rod.

[0029] The present invention is further configured as follows: the cleaning mechanism further comprises a support frame, and the support frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube;

[0030] And a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the support frame and is coaxial with the fixed column, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the support frame is fixedly connected with a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0031] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: through the setting of the connecting pipe and the cleaning pipe, the present invention can cooperate with the two switch mechanisms to enable the air to back-blow the filter mechanism and discharge the dust through the dust outlet pipe, without the need to disassemble and clean the filter mechanism, which saves time and effort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part B;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a control mechanism embodied in an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of part C of FIG.

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of the D portion;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of part E of FIG.

[0040] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged F part;

[0041] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the filtering mechanism of the embodiment.

[0042] In the figure: 1, valve pipe; 11, first area; 111, first connecting hole; 112, first switch plate; 12, second area; 121, air inlet; 13, third area; 131, second connecting hole; 132, second switch plate; 2, connecting pipe; 3, dust outlet pipe; 31, dust outlet plate; 4, first switch mechanism; 40, second switch mechanism; 41, fixing plate; 411, ventilation hole; 42, opening and closing plate; 5, filtering mechanism; 51, supporting plate; 511 , round hole; 52, cross bracket; 53, support ring; 54, filter; 6, cleaning mechanism; 61, rotating rod; 62, lever; 63, support frame; 7, first control mechanism; 70, second control mechanism; 71, control rod; 72, guide rod; 73, fixing rod; 74, control plate; 741, clearance hole; 742, first connecting axis; 743, long hole; 75, connecting strip; 751, long groove; 76, lifting rod; 761, second connecting axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, other similar embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should all fall within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, the directional words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional words used are used to illustrate rather than limit the invention.

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0045] Embodiment: A ventilation valve device for underground coal mines, see attached Figure 1 -Attached Fig.10, including a valve tube 1, a switch mechanism, a filter mechanism 5, a cleaning mechanism 6, a dust outlet pipe 3 and a connecting pipe 2, wherein the valve tube 1 is configured as a square tube, the top and bottom of the valve tube 1 are horizontal, one end of the valve tube 1 is connected to the ventilation duct, and the other end discharges air outward; the switch mechanism is used to control the switch of the valve tube 1, and two switch mechanisms are provided, and the two switch mechanisms are arranged in the valve tube 1 along the length direction of the valve tube 1, the switch mechanism away from the ventilation duct is the first switch mechanism 4, and the switch mechanism close to the ventilation duct is the second switch mechanism 40; the filter mechanism 5 is provided between the two switch mechanisms, and the filter mechanism 5 is used to filter dust in the air, the first area 11 is between the first switch mechanism 4 and the filter mechanism 5 in the valve tube 1, the second area 12 is between the filter mechanism 5 and the second switch mechanism 40, and the third area 13 is close to the ventilation duct side of the second switch mechanism 40; The cleaning mechanism 6 is arranged on the side of the filter mechanism 5 close to the ventilation duct, and the cleaning mechanism 6 is used to clean the dust on the filter mechanism 5; the dust outlet pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve pipe 1, and the dust outlet pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve pipe 1. The bottom of the valve pipe 1 is provided with an air inlet 121 located in the second area 12, and the air inlet is connected to the dust outlet pipe 3. The end of the dust outlet pipe 3 close to the first switch mechanism 4 away from the ventilation duct is provided with a dust outlet plate 31 for controlling the switch of the dust outlet pipe 3, and a spray pipe passing through the dust outlet pipe 3 is provided in the dust outlet pipe 3, and the dust outlet plate 31 controls the switch of the dust outlet pipe 3 by sliding up and down; the top of the valve pipe 1 of the connecting pipe 2, the top of the valve pipe 1 is provided with a first connecting hole 111 and a second connecting hole 131 located in the first area 11 and the second area 12, and the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 131 are provided with a first switch plate 112 and a second switch plate 132.

[0046] During normal ventilation, the first switch mechanism 4 and the second switch mechanism 40 are opened, the first switch plate 112, the second switch plate 132 and the dust outlet plate 31 respectively control the first connecting hole 111, the second connecting hole 131 and the dust outlet pipe 3 to be closed, and the air passes through the first switch mechanism 4, the filter mechanism 5 and the second switch mechanism 40 in sequence; when the dust on the filter mechanism 5 needs to be cleaned, the first switch mechanism 4 and the second switch mechanism 40 are closed, the first switch plate 112, the second switch plate 132 and the dust outlet plate 31 respectively control the first connecting hole 111, the second connecting hole 131 and the dust outlet pipe 3 to be closed. The first connecting hole 111, the second connecting hole 131 and the dust outlet pipe 3 are opened. At this time, the air enters the connecting pipe 2 from the third area 13, and then enters the first area 11 from the connecting pipe 2. Thereafter, the air passes through the filter mechanism 5 in the first area 11 in the reverse direction to enter the second area 12, and the dust on the filter mechanism 5 is blown back. Then, the air mixed with the dust in the second area 12 enters the dust outlet pipe 3. Under the action of the water sprayed by the spray pipe in the dust outlet pipe 3, the dust in the air is adsorbed in the water, and the water and air are discharged through the outlet of the dust outlet pipe 3.

[0047] Specifically, this embodiment also includes a control mechanism, and two control mechanisms are provided, namely a first control mechanism 7 and a second control mechanism 70. The first control mechanism 7 is used to control the switching of the first switch plate 112, the first switch mechanism 4 and the dust outlet plate 31. When the first switch plate 112 and the dust outlet plate 31 are closed, the first switch mechanism 4 is opened, and when the first switch mechanism 4 is closed, the first switch plate 112 and the dust outlet plate 31 are opened; the second control mechanism 70 is used to control the switching of the second switch mechanism 40 and the second switch plate 132. When the second switch plate 132 is opened, the second switch mechanism 40 is closed, and when the second switch mechanism 40 is opened, the second switch plate 132 is closed; the first switch mechanism 4 and the second switch mechanism 40 are opened and closed at the same time.

[0048] Specifically, the switch mechanism includes a fixed plate 41 and an opening and closing plate 42, wherein the fixed plate 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube 1, the fixed plate 41 is perpendicular to the length direction of the valve tube 1, and a plurality of ventilation holes 411 arranged along the vertical direction are opened on the fixed plate 41; the opening and closing plates 42 are provided with a plurality of opening and closing plates, and the plurality of opening and closing plates 42 respectively correspond to the plurality of ventilation holes 411, and the opening and closing plates 42 are arranged on the side of the fixed plate 41 away from the ventilation duct, and the top of the opening and closing plate 42 is hinged to the top of the corresponding ventilation hole 411, and the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 42 is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the valve tube 1, and when the opening and closing plate 42 is attached to the fixed plate 41, the opening and closing plate 42 closes the corresponding ventilation hole 411.

[0049] Specifically, the control mechanism includes a control rod 71, a fixed rod 73, a control plate 74, a connecting strip 75 and a lifting rod 76. The control rod 71 is vertically arranged and is set as a round rod. The control rod 71 vertically passes through the connecting pipe 2 and the valve pipe 1, and the control rod 71 is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe 2 and the valve pipe 1; the fixed rod 73 is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve pipe 1, and there are two fixed rods 73, and the arrangement direction of the two fixed rods 73 is parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 42; there are multiple control plates 74, each of which corresponds to an opening and closing plate 42, and the control mechanism is provided with a plurality of control plates 74. Each control plate 74 corresponds to an opening and closing plate 42, and the control mechanism is provided with a plurality of control plates 74. One end of the plate 74 is connected to the corresponding opening and closing plate 42, and the other end is hinged on the two fixing rods 73. The rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 42 on the fixing rod 73 is parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 42. The width direction of the control plate 74 is horizontal and parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 42. The opening and closing plate 42 is close to the control plate 74. Two connecting strips 75 are respectively located on both sides of the control plate 74. The length direction of the connecting strip 75 is parallel to the opening and closing plate 42 and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate 42. The connecting strip 75 is provided with a long strip groove 75 arranged along the length direction of the connecting strip 75. 1. Two first connecting shafts 742 are arranged on both sides of the control plate 74. The two first connecting shafts 742 are respectively inserted into the two long grooves 751. The two first connecting shafts 742 can rotate relative to the connecting plate and can slide along the length direction of the long grooves 751. There are multiple lifting rods 76, each of which corresponds to a control plate 74. The control plate 74 is provided with a clearance hole 741 that penetrates the control plate 74 in a direction perpendicular to the control plate 74. Long strip holes 743 arranged along the length direction of the control plate 74 are arranged on both sides of the clearance hole 741. The lifting rod 76 is located at the corresponding control plate 7 4, the length direction of the lifting rod 76 is arranged along the width direction of the control plate 74, and the two ends of the lifting rod 76 are fixedly connected with two second connecting shafts 761 respectively inserted into the two long holes 743; the control rod 71 of the first control mechanism 7 vertically passes through the first switch plate 112, the lifting rod 76 and the dust outlet plate 31 and is rotatably connected with the first switch plate 112, the lifting rod 76 and the dust outlet plate 31, and the control rod 71 of the second control mechanism 70 vertically passes through the second switch plate 132 and the lifting rod 76 and is rotatably connected with the second switch plate 132 and the lifting rod 76.

[0050] The top of the control rod 71 extends upward from the connecting pipe 2 and is rotated manually; the control rod 71 moves up and down on the valve pipe 1 by rotation, thereby driving the lifting rod 76, the switch plate and the dust outlet plate 31 to move up and down, thereby being able to control the switch mechanism, the connecting hole and the dust outlet pipe 3.

[0051] Specifically, the control mechanism also includes two guide rods 72, which are respectively located on both sides of the control rod 71. The two guide rods 72 of the first control mechanism 7 vertically pass through the first switch plate 112 and the dust outlet plate 31, and the two guide rods 72 of the second control mechanism 70 vertically pass through the second switch plate 132.

[0052] Specifically, the filtering mechanism 5 includes a support plate 51, a support ring 53, a fixing column and a filter sheet 54, wherein the support plate 51 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube 1, and a circular hole 511 is provided on the support plate 51, which penetrates the support plate 51 along the length direction of the valve tube 1, and a cross bracket 52 is provided in the circular hole 511, and the cross bracket 52 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the circular hole 511; a plurality of support rings 53 are provided, and a plurality of support rings 53 are fixedly connected to the side of the cross bracket 52 close to the cleaning mechanism 6, the support ring 53 is coaxial with the circular hole 511, and a plurality of support rings 53 are sequentially arranged outward from the axis of the circular hole 511; the fixing column is fixedly connected to the side of the cross bracket 52 close to the cleaning mechanism 6 and is located at the axis of the innermost support ring 53; a plurality of filter sheets 54 arranged around the axis of the support ring 53 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the support ring 53, and filter cotton for filtering dust, which is respectively fixedly connected to the two filter sheets 54, is provided between two adjacent filter sheets 54.

[0053] Specifically, the cleaning mechanism 6 includes a rotating rod 61 and a lever 62. The rotating rod 61 rotates around the axis of the fixed column. A plurality of levers 62 are fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod 61 close to the support ring 53. Each lever 62 corresponds to a support ring 53. The lever 62 is arranged on the inner side of the corresponding support ring 53 to move the filter plate 54 on the inner side of the corresponding support ring 53 when following the rotation of the rotating rod 61.

[0054] The filter plate 54 is configured as an elastic filter plate 54. When the dust on the filter mechanism 5 is cleaned by backblowing, the rotating rod 61 rotates to drive the lever 62 to move the filter plate 54. The vibration of the filter plate 54 and the backblowing can more effectively clean the dust on the filter cotton.

[0055] Specifically, the cleaning mechanism 6 also includes a support frame 63 and a rotating shaft, wherein the support frame 63 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube 1; the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support frame 63 and is coaxial with the fixed column, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 61, and a motor that drives the rotating shaft to rotate is fixedly connected to the support frame 63.

[0056] Specifically, a plurality of spray pipes pass through the dust outlet pipe 3, the length direction of the spray pipes is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the dust outlet pipe 3, the spray pipes are arranged in the length direction of the dust outlet pipe 3, and each spray pipe is provided with a plurality of spray heads.

[0057] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation valve device for underground coal mines, characterized in that: It comprises a valve pipe (1), the valve pipe (1) is configured as a square pipe, the top and bottom of the valve pipe (1) are horizontal, one end of the valve pipe (1) is connected to a ventilation duct, and the other end discharges air to the outside; a switch mechanism, the switch mechanism being used to control the switch of the valve tube (1), the switch mechanism being provided with two switches, the two switch mechanisms being arranged in the valve tube (1) along the length direction of the valve tube (1), the switch mechanism being away from the ventilation duct being the first switch mechanism (4), and the switch mechanism being close to the ventilation duct being the second switch mechanism (40); A filter mechanism (5), the filter mechanism (5) being arranged between the two switch mechanisms, the filter mechanism (5) being used to filter dust in the air, a first area (11) being between the first switch mechanism (4) and the filter mechanism (5) in the valve tube (1), a second area (12) being between the filter mechanism (5) and the second switch mechanism (40), and a third area (13) being close to a side of the second switch mechanism (40) close to the ventilation duct; A cleaning mechanism (6), the cleaning mechanism (6) being arranged on a side of the filter mechanism (5) close to the ventilation duct, and the cleaning mechanism (6) being used to clean dust on the filter mechanism (5); A dust outlet pipe (3), the dust outlet pipe (3) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve pipe (1), the bottom of the valve pipe (1) being provided with an air inlet (121) located at the second area (12), the air inlet (121) being connected to the dust outlet pipe (3), an end of the dust outlet pipe (3) close to the first switch mechanism (4) away from the ventilation duct being provided with a dust outlet plate (31) for controlling the switch of the dust outlet pipe (3), and a spray pipe passing through the dust outlet pipe (3) being provided in the dust outlet pipe (3); and a connecting pipe (2), the connecting pipe (2) being arranged at the top of the valve pipe (1), the top of the valve pipe (1) being provided with a first connecting hole (111) and a second connecting hole (131) located in the first area (11) and the second area (12), and the first connecting hole (111) and the second connecting hole (131) being provided with a first switch plate (112) and a second switch plate (132); The device also includes a control mechanism, wherein two control mechanisms are provided, the two control mechanisms are respectively a first control mechanism (7) and a second control mechanism (70), the first control mechanism (7) is used to control the switching of the first switch plate (112), the first switch mechanism (4) and the dust outlet plate (31), when the first switch plate (112) and the dust outlet plate (31) are closed, the first switch mechanism (4) is opened, and when the first switch mechanism (4) is closed, the first switch plate (112) and the dust outlet plate (31) are opened; The second control mechanism (70) is used to control the switching of the second switch mechanism (40) and the second switch plate (132); when the second switch plate (132) is opened, the second switch mechanism (40) is closed; and when the second switch mechanism (40) is opened, the second switch plate (132) is closed; The first switch mechanism (4) and the second switch mechanism (40) are opened and closed at the same time; The switch mechanism comprises a fixing plate (41), the fixing plate (41) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube (1), the fixing plate (41) being perpendicular to the length direction of the valve tube (1), and the fixing plate (41) being provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (411) arranged in a vertical direction; and an opening and closing plate (42), wherein a plurality of the opening and closing plates (42) are provided, and the plurality of opening and closing plates (42) respectively correspond to the plurality of ventilation holes (411), the opening and closing plates (42) are provided on a side of the fixed plate (41) away from the ventilation duct, the top of the opening and closing plates (42) is hinged to the top of the corresponding ventilation hole (411), the rotation axis of the opening and closing plates (42) is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the valve tube (1), and when the opening and closing plates (42) are attached to the fixed plate (41), the opening and closing plates (42) close the corresponding ventilation holes (411); The control mechanism comprises a control rod (71), the control rod (71) is vertically arranged and is arranged as a round rod, the control rod (71) vertically passes through the connecting pipe (2) and the valve pipe (1), and the control rod (71) is threadedly connected to the connecting pipe (2) and the valve pipe (1); A fixing rod (73), the fixing rod (73) being vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube (1), two fixing rods (73) being provided, and the arrangement direction of the two fixing rods (73) being parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate (42); A control panel (74), wherein a plurality of control panels (74) are provided, each control panel (74) corresponds to an opening and closing panel (42), one end of the control panel (74) is connected to the corresponding opening and closing panel (42), and the other end is hinged to two fixing rods (73), the rotation axis of the control panel (74) on the fixing rods (73) is parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing panel (42), and the width direction of the control panel (74) is horizontal and parallel to the rotation axis of the opening and closing panel (42); A connecting bar (75), wherein two connecting bars (75) are respectively arranged on two sides of the control plate (74) on one side of the opening and closing plate (42) close to the control plate (74), wherein the length direction of the connecting bar (75) is parallel to the opening and closing plate (42) and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the opening and closing plate (42), wherein the connecting bar (75) is provided with a long groove (751) arranged along the length direction of the connecting bar (75), and two first connecting shafts (742) are arranged on both sides of the control plate (74), wherein the two first connecting shafts (742) are respectively inserted into the two long grooves (751), and the two first connecting shafts (742) can rotate relative to the connecting bar (75) and can slide along the length direction of the long groove (751); and a lifting rod (76), wherein a plurality of lifting rods (76) are provided, each lifting rod (76) corresponds to a control panel (74), a clearance hole (741) penetrating the control panel (74) in a direction perpendicular to the control panel (74) is provided on the control panel (74), and long strip holes (743) arranged along the length direction of the control panel (74) are arranged on both sides of the clearance hole (741), the lifting rod (76) is located in the clearance hole (741) of the corresponding control panel (74), the length direction of the lifting rod (76) is arranged along the width direction of the control panel (74), and two second connecting shafts (761) respectively inserted into the two long strip holes (743) are fixedly connected at both ends of the lifting rod (76); The control rod (71) of the first control mechanism (7) vertically passes through the first switch plate (112), the lifting rod (76) and the dust outlet plate (31) and is rotatably connected to the first switch plate (112), the lifting rod (76) and the dust outlet plate (31); the control rod (71) of the second control mechanism (70) vertically passes through the second switch plate (132) and the lifting rod (76) and is rotatably connected to the second switch plate (132) and the lifting rod (76).

2. The ventilation valve device for underground coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control mechanism further comprises two guide rods (72), the two guide rods (72) being respectively located on both sides of the control rod (71), the two guide rods (72) of the first control mechanism (7) vertically passing through the first switch plate (112) and the dust outlet plate (31), and the two guide rods (72) of the second control mechanism (70) vertically passing through the second switch plate (132).

3. The ventilation valve device for underground coal mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism (5) comprises a support plate (51), the support plate (51) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube (1), the support plate (51) being provided with a circular hole (511) penetrating the support plate (51) along the length direction of the valve tube (1), a cross bracket (52) being provided in the circular hole (511), and the cross bracket (52) being fixedly connected to the hole wall of the circular hole (511); A support ring (53), wherein a plurality of the support rings (53) are provided, and the plurality of support rings (53) are fixedly connected to a side of the cross bracket (52) close to the cleaning mechanism (6), the support ring (53) is coaxial with the circular hole (511), and the plurality of support rings (53) are sequentially arranged outside the circular hole (511) along the axis thereof; A fixed column, the fixed column being fixedly connected to a side of the cross bracket (52) close to the cleaning mechanism (6) and located at the axis of the innermost support ring (53); A plurality of filter plates (54) arranged around the axis of the support ring (53) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the support ring (53), and filter cotton for filtering dust is arranged between two adjacent filter plates (54) and is respectively fixedly connected to the two filter plates (54).

4. The ventilation valve device for underground coal mine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (6) comprises a rotating rod (61), and the rotating rod (61) rotates around the axis of the fixed column; and a lever (62); a plurality of levers (62) are fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod (61) close to the supporting ring (53); each lever (62) corresponds to a supporting ring (53); the lever (62) is arranged on the inner side of the corresponding supporting ring (53) so as to move the filter sheet (54) on the inner side of the corresponding supporting ring (53) when following the rotation of the rotating rod (61).

5. The underground ventilation valve device of coal mine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (6) further comprises a support frame (63), wherein the support frame (63) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the valve tube (1); and a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the support frame (63) and is coaxial with the fixed column, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (61), and a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is fixedly connected to the support frame (63).

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