Measurement system and method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and provides a measurement system and method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology. The measurement system includes a sealing device, a sealing guide rod, a pushing device, and a test probe. The sealing device includes a pipe and an elastic shell sleeved on the outside of the pipe, a water-filled gap is provided between the pipe and the elastic shell, and the elastic shell is used to abut against the inner wall of the borehole to seal the borehole. The sealing guide rod is connected to the proximal end of the pipe. The pushing device includes at least one pushing guide rod, and the distal end of the pushing guide rod has a connecting joint. The test probe is sealingly connected to the connecting joint at the farthest end. The present invention places the sealing device in the borehole, and an external water source is injected into the water-filled gap between the elastic shell and the pipe, so that the elastic shell abuts against the wall of the borehole to seal the borehole. At the same time, water flows into the borehole to achieve water injection into the borehole, thereby sealing the borehole and injecting water into the borehole, and the sealing device is pushed to the target depth in the borehole by the sealing guide rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to a measurement system and method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology. Background Art

[0002] In geophysical exploration, well logging instruments are commonly used in geological exploration. They detect the physical properties and chemical composition of subsurface materials and transmit the data to the surface for processing and analysis. They are used to study crustal structure, locate mineral resources and groundwater, and monitor environmental changes. Common well logging instruments include sonic logging, electrical logging, and radioactive logging. Each has different functions and applications, but all aim to provide a more accurate understanding of the subsurface.

[0003] Acoustic logging tools use the speed and duration of sound wave propagation in a medium to acquire formation information. However, acoustic signals are easily affected by factors such as air density, temperature, and pressure when propagating in air, resulting in inaccurate measurements. In contrast, sound waves propagate relatively quickly in water and are less susceptible to environmental factors. Therefore, acoustic logging in water can yield more accurate formation information. Therefore, acoustic logging tools are typically used in a sealed water environment to ensure accurate propagation of the acoustic signal and reliable measurement results. Furthermore, a sealed water environment protects the measurement process from interference from external environmental factors, such as water flow and bubbles. In short, acoustic logging tools must be used in a sealed water environment to ensure accurate and reliable measurement results.

[0004] Well logging instruments are widely used in the oil industry. However, since oil well logging is always used in vertically downward boreholes, it is only necessary to fill the borehole with liquid when the well logging instrument is measuring so that the sensor of the acoustic well logging instrument is in a liquid water environment. There is no problem of water sealing in the hole during the use of the instrument or sealing during the use of the equipment.

[0005] However, to use sonic logging instruments in coal mine roadways or tunnels to measure parameters such as the lithology and structure of the surrounding rock mass, it is necessary to drill a vertical, inclined, or horizontal hole in the roof or sides of the roadway (or tunnel), place the sonic logging instrument in the hole, and then fill it with liquid. This requires considering the issues of sealing the hole and extending the instrument probe (sensor) to the test depth. Therefore, the sealing and extension depth of sonic logging instruments in roadways are important issues that the industry needs to solve urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a measurement system and method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, which are used to solve at least one technical problem existing in the prior art.

[0007] The present invention provides a measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, comprising a sealing device, a sealing guide rod, a pushing device and a test probe; the sealing device comprises a pipe and an elastic shell sleeved on the outside of the pipe, an assembly cavity with two ends open is formed axially inside the pipe, a water-filled gap is defined between the pipe and the elastic shell, and when water is injected under pressure into the water-filled gap, the elastic shell is used to abut against the inner wall of the borehole to seal the borehole, the pipe has a drain port, and water in the water-filled gap flows into the borehole through the drain port; the sealing guide rod is connected to the proximal end of the pipe; at least part of the pushing device is inserted into the assembly cavity, the pushing device comprises at least one pushing guide rod, the pushing guide rod having a hollow cavity, and a connecting joint at the distal end of the pushing guide rod. When there are multiple pushing guide rods, two adjacent pushing guide rods are detachably connected via the connecting joint; the test probe is sealed and connected to the connecting joint at the distal end, and a cable connected to the test probe is accommodated in the hollow cavity and extends out of the pushing guide rod along the axial direction of the pushing guide rod.

[0008] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, the outer wall of the sealing guide rod has a first scale arranged axially and / or the outer wall of the pushing guide rod has a second scale arranged axially.

[0009] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, the two ends of the push guide rod have guide rod joints, the middle part of the guide rod joint has a flange, and the side surface of the guide rod joint away from the push guide rod has at least one first limiting boss, and a joint limiting groove is formed between the first limiting boss and the flange;

[0010] The connecting joint includes a first connecting joint, wherein a connecting cavity is formed in the axial direction of the first connecting joint, and at least one second limiting boss is formed at each end of the inner side wall of the connecting cavity;

[0011] The guide rod joint can rotate relative to the first connecting joint and has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. In the first rotation position, the first limiting boss corresponds to the second limiting boss, and the first limiting boss can extend into the connecting cavity through the second limiting boss. In the second rotation position, the second limiting boss is limited and clamped in the joint limiting groove, so that the first connecting joint and the guide rod joint are limitedly connected.

[0012] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, a threaded hole is opened on the side of the first connecting joint, a first top screw is arranged in the threaded hole, and the first top screw is connected to the guide rod joint.

[0013] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, the distal end of the push guide rod has a guide rod joint, the middle portion of the guide rod joint has a flange, and the side surface of the guide rod joint at one end away from the push guide rod has at least one first limiting boss, and a joint limiting groove is formed between the first limiting boss and the flange;

[0014] The connecting joint includes a second connecting joint, the second connecting joint is provided with a connecting cavity along the axial direction, the proximal side wall of the connecting cavity is formed with at least one second limiting boss; the distal side wall of the connecting cavity has an internal thread connected to the test probe or the proximal end of the push guide rod;

[0015] The guide rod joint can rotate relative to the second connecting joint and has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. In the first rotation position, the first limiting boss corresponds to the second limiting boss, and the first limiting boss can extend into the connecting cavity through the second limiting boss. In the second rotation position, the second limiting boss is limited and clamped in the joint limiting groove, so that the first connecting joint and the guide rod joint are limitedly connected.

[0016] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on logging technology provided by the present invention, the pushing guide rod includes a guide rod body and a fastening structure, and the guide rod body includes a first splicing unit and a second splicing unit; the fastening structure is connected to the first splicing unit and the second splicing unit, so that the first splicing unit and the second splicing unit are spliced ​​together to form the hollow cavity.

[0017] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, the sealing device also includes a switch component, the pipe wall of the pipe is provided with a water inlet, a pressure inlet, and a pressure outlet; a first flow channel and a second flow channel are formed in the pipe wall; the first flow channel and the second flow channel are spaced apart along the axial direction; the water inlet and the pressure inlet are both connected to the first flow channel, and the water outlet and the pressure outlet are both connected to the second flow channel; the pressure inlet is connected to the water-filled gap and the first flow channel, and the pressure outlet is connected to the water-filled gap and the second flow channel;

[0018] A switch component is provided at the drain outlet for opening or blocking the drain outlet; when the water pressure in the water-filled gap is greater than the blocking force of the switch component on the drain outlet, the switch component opens the drain outlet, allowing the water in the second flow channel to flow from the drain outlet into the drilled hole.

[0019] The present invention further provides a method for measuring surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, and a system for measuring surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0020] The sealing device is placed at a target depth in the drill hole by a sealing guide rod, the assembly cavity of the sealing device is sealed and equipped with a pushing device, and a test probe extending out of the assembly cavity is installed at the distal end of the pushing device;

[0021] injecting water into the water-filled gap to expand the elastic shell until it abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, and at the same time filling the borehole with water through the drain port so that the test probe is in a liquid environment;

[0022] Acquire rock formation data through test probes;

[0023] Test surrounding rock properties are determined based on the formation data.

[0024] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, an acoustic wave pulse is generated by a measuring probe and propagated to the inner wall of the borehole;

[0025] receiving, by a measuring probe, an acoustic wave signal reflected back from the acoustic wave pulse after propagating through the rock formation;

[0026] The acoustic wave signal and the acoustic wave propagation time are determined as rock formation data; the acoustic wave propagation time is the time difference between the measurement probe generating the acoustic wave pulse and the measurement probe receiving the acoustic wave signal.

[0027] According to the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention, gamma rays are generated by a measuring probe and propagated to the inner wall of the borehole;

[0028] receiving, by a measuring probe, gamma ray data that is scattered back after the gamma ray propagates through the rock formation;

[0029] The amount and intensity of the scattered gamma rays are determined as formation data.

[0030] The present invention provides a measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology. The sealing device is placed in a borehole, and an external water source is injected into the water-filled gap between the elastic shell and the pipe, so that the elastic shell abuts against the wall of the borehole to seal the borehole; at the same time, the water flows into the borehole through the drain port to achieve water injection into the borehole; in this way, the sealing device of the present invention can not only seal the borehole but also inject water into the borehole, and the sealing device can be pushed to the target depth in the borehole through the sealing guide rod. In addition, the present invention is provided with a pushing device through the assembly cavity of the sealing device so that the test probe at the far end of the pushing device is in a liquid environment, and the cable of the test probe is accommodated in the hollow cavity of the pushing guide rod, and the cable extends out of the pushing guide rod along the axial direction of the hollow cavity. In this way, the cable is isolated from the water environment outside the pushing guide rod, thereby improving the waterproof ability of the cable, avoiding the influence of water on the test data, and improving the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pushing device provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the AA section.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first splicing unit of the pushing device provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second splicing unit of the pushing device provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fastening structure of the pushing device provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide rod joint of the pushing device provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first connecting joint and the guide rod joint of the pushing device provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the BB section.

[0043] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealing device provided by the present invention.

[0044] Figure 13 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing device provided by the present invention.

[0045] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0046] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0047] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the elastic shell and the pipeline of the sealing device provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pipeline of the sealing device provided by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a pipeline of the sealing device provided by the present invention.

[0050] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0051] Figure 20 It is a flow chart of a measurement method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] The following combination Figures 1-20 A measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0054] The embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology includes a sealing device 10 , a sealing guide rod 30 , a pushing device 20 and a test probe 610 .

[0055] Among them, the sealing device 10 includes a pipe 100 and an elastic shell 200 sleeved on the outside of the pipe 100. An assembly cavity 101 with openings at both ends is formed axially inside the pipe 100. There is a water-filled gap between the pipe 100 and the elastic shell 200. When water is injected into the water-filled gap under pressure, the elastic shell 200 is used to abut against the inner wall of the borehole 50 to seal the borehole 50. The pipe 100 has a drain port 107, and the water in the water-filled gap flows into the borehole 50 from the drain port 107.

[0056] The sealing guide rod 30 is connected to the proximal end of the pipe 100 .

[0057] The pushing device 20 is at least partially arranged in the assembly cavity 101. The pushing device 20 includes at least one pushing guide rod 400. The pushing guide rod 400 has a hollow cavity 413. The distal end of the pushing guide rod 400 has a connecting joint. When there are multiple pushing guide rods 400, two adjacent pushing guide rods 400 are detachably connected through the connecting joint.

[0058] The test probe 610 is sealed and connected to the farthest connection joint. The cable 620 of the test probe 610 is accommodated in the hollow cavity 413 and extends out of the pushing guide rod 400 along the axial direction of the pushing guide rod 400 .

[0059] It is understandable that the pushing device 20 can not only push the test probe 610 into the borehole 50 , but also seal the assembly cavity 101 and cooperate with the sealing device 10 to create a sealed water environment for the test probe 610 .

[0060] It should be noted that the distal end refers to the end of the sealing device 10 that is farther away from the operator when the borehole 50 is sealed; the proximal end refers to the end of the sealing device 10 that is closer to the operator when the borehole 50 is sealed.

[0061] The measurement system provided by the present invention for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on logging technology is characterized in that a sealing device 10 is placed in a borehole 50, and an external water source is injected into the water-filled gap between the elastic shell 200 and the pipe 100, so that the elastic shell 200 abuts against the hole wall of the borehole 50 to seal the borehole 50; at the same time, the water flows into the borehole 50 through the drain port 107, thereby realizing water injection into the borehole 50; in this way, the sealing device 10 of the present invention can not only seal the borehole 50 but also inject water into the borehole 50, and the sealing device 10 can be pushed to the target depth in the borehole 50 through the sealing guide rod 30. In addition, the present invention passes the pushing device 20 through the assembly cavity 101 of the sealing device 10, so that the test probe 610 at the far end of the pushing device 20 is in a liquid environment, and the cable 620 connected to the test probe 610 is accommodated in the hollow cavity 413 of the pushing guide rod 400, and the cable 620 extends out of the pushing guide rod 400 along the axial direction of the hollow cavity 413. In this way, the cable 620 is isolated from the water environment outside the pushing guide rod 400, thereby improving the waterproof ability of the cable 620, avoiding the influence of water on the test data, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0062] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the sealing guide rod 30 has a first scale (not shown) arranged along the axial direction. The first scale on the sealing guide rod 30 can indicate the depth at which the sealing device 10 is placed in the borehole 50. For example, the scale value on the outer wall of the sealing guide rod 30 that is flush with the proximal end of the borehole 50 indicates the depth at which the sealing device 10 is placed in the borehole 50. Therefore, the scale value on the first scale can be used to place the sealing device 10 at a target depth in the borehole 50.

[0063] Furthermore, the outer wall of the push guide rod 400 has a second scale (not shown) arranged axially. By allowing the push guide rod 400 to penetrate the assembly cavity 101 and the sealing guide rod 30 provided in the pipeline 100, the test probe 610 connected to the distal end of the push guide rod 400 is extended from the assembly cavity 101 and placed in the liquid environment. The second scale then indicates the depth to which the test probe 610 extends from the sealing device 10, allowing the test probe 610 to more accurately reach the testing depth within the borehole 50. It should be noted that the push guide rod 400 can be used to move the test probe 610 along the depth direction of the borehole 50, with the specific movement distance determined by the second scale, thereby enabling testing of rock formations at different depths.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the borehole 50 of this embodiment is preferably a vertically upward borehole, an inclined upward borehole, or a horizontal borehole in the roof or rock mass 60 of a roadway 70 (or tunnel). A testing host 630 is provided in the roadway 70. The testing host 630 and the test probe 610 are connected via a cable 620. The testing host 630 obtains rock formation data measured by the test probe 610 and determines surrounding rock properties based on the rock formation data. It should be noted that the testing host 630, the test probe 610, and the cable 620 constitute a testing instrument, which includes, but is not limited to, an acoustic well logging instrument.

[0065] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 、 Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the connecting joint includes a first connecting joint 500 , and both ends of the pushing guide rod 400 have guide rod joints 415 . The guide rod joints 415 are used to be plugged into the first connecting joint 500 and are detachably connected to the first connecting joint 500 .

[0066] It will be appreciated that the first connector 500 is detachably connected to the end of the push guide rod 400, used to connect the two push guide rods 400. The first connector 500 defines an axially defined connecting cavity 510, which communicates with the hollow cavity 413. By providing the first connector 500, the number of push guide rods 400 can be increased or decreased according to the length of the cable, ensuring that all cables below the water surface are enclosed within the hollow cavity 413, thereby improving operability. The connecting cavity 510 is coaxially arranged with the hollow cavity 413.

[0067] Specifically, the middle part of the guide rod joint 415 has a flange 4151, and the side surface of the end of the guide rod joint 415 away from the pushing guide rod 400 has at least one first limiting boss 4155, and a joint limiting groove 4156 is formed between the first limiting boss 4155 and the flange 4151; the first connecting joint 500 is axially provided with a connecting cavity 510, and at least one second limiting boss 520 is formed at both ends of the inner wall of the connecting cavity 510; the guide rod joint 415 can rotate relative to the first connecting joint 500 and has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. In the first rotation position, the first limiting boss 4155 corresponds to the second limiting boss 520, and the first limiting boss 4155 can extend into the connecting cavity 510 through the second limiting boss 520. In the second rotation position, the second limiting boss 520 is limit-clamped in the joint limiting groove 4156, so that the first connecting joint 500 and the guide rod joint 415 are limit-connected. In order to avoid sliding against each other during use, a threaded hole is opened on the side of the first connecting joint 500, and a first top screw 530 is arranged in the threaded hole. The first top screw 530 is connected to the guide rod joint 415. By adjusting the depth of the first top screw 530 in the threaded hole, the guide rod joint 415 and the first connecting joint 500 are tightly connected.

[0068] Preferably, two second limiting bosses 520 are provided at one end of the first connecting joint 500. The two second limiting bosses 520 are symmetrically arranged, thereby improving the stability of the limiting connection. Correspondingly, the guide rod joint 415 is formed with two symmetrically arranged joint limiting grooves 4156. After the guide rod joint 415 is inserted into the connecting cavity 510 of the first connecting joint 500, the first connecting joint 500 is rotated 90° so that the two second limiting bosses 520 are retained in the two joint limiting grooves 4156.

[0069] In some embodiments, the distal end of the pushing guide rod 400 has a guide rod joint 415, and the connecting joint includes a second connecting joint. The guide rod joint 415 and one end of the second connecting joint are detachably connected using the above-mentioned plug-in method, and the other end of the second connecting joint is threadedly connected to another pushing guide rod 400 or a test probe 610. In order to improve the sealing performance, a sealing structure is set at the threaded connection position, and the sealing structure can use a sealing ring.

[0070] Specifically, the second connecting joint is provided with a connecting cavity 510 along the axial direction, and at least one second limiting boss 520 is formed on the proximal side wall of the connecting cavity 510; the distal side wall of the connecting cavity 510 has an internal thread connected to the test probe 610 or the proximal end of the push guide rod 400; the guide rod joint 415 can rotate relative to the second connecting joint and has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. In the first rotation position, the first limiting boss 4155 corresponds to the second limiting boss 520, and the first limiting boss 4155 can extend into the connecting cavity 510 through the second limiting boss 520. In the second rotation position, the second limiting boss 520 is limitedly clamped in the joint limiting groove 4156, so that the first connecting joint 500 is limitedly connected to the guide rod joint 415.

[0071] It should be noted that when there are multiple pushing guide rods 400, the connecting joint also includes a first connecting joint 500 and a second connecting joint. The two adjacent pushing guide rods 400 are detachably connected end to end through the first connecting joint 500, and the pushing guide rod 400 located at the farthest end and the test probe 610 are connected through the second connecting joint.

[0072] like Figures 4 to 11 As shown, the pushing guide rod 400 includes a guide rod body 410 and a fastening structure 420 .

[0073] The guide rod body 410 includes a first splicing unit 411 and a second splicing unit 412. A fastening structure 420 is connected to the first and second splicing units 411, 412, so that the first and second splicing units 411, 412 are spliced ​​together to form the guide rod body 410 having a hollow cavity 413 therein. The guide rod body 410 is used to connect to the test probe 610. The hollow cavity 413 is used to accommodate the cable of the test probe 610 (i.e., the cable connected to the test probe 610), so that the cable extends out of the guide rod body 410 along the axial direction of the hollow cavity 413.

[0074] In this embodiment, by providing a fastening structure 420 connected to the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412, the fastening structure 420 can connect the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412 together, so that the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412 are spliced ​​together to form a guide rod body 410 with a hollow cavity 413 inside. The cable of the test probe 610 can be accommodated in the hollow cavity 413, and the cable extends out of the guide rod body 410 along the axial direction of the hollow cavity 413. In this way, the guide rod body 410 can wrap the cable in the hollow cavity, so that the cable is isolated from the water environment outside the guide rod body 410. The test probe 610 is pushed to the target depth to achieve cable sealing, improve the waterproof ability of the cable, avoid the influence of water on the test data, and improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0075] In addition, because the pushing device of this embodiment is connected to the test probe 610, the test probe 610 can also be pushed to the target test site by the pushing device, achieving the purpose of fixed-point placement of the test probe 610, further improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0076] It is understood that the cable can be electrically connected to the test host 630 after passing through the guide rod body 410. The cable transmits the data collected by the test probe 610 to the test host 630, and the test host 630 can be used to store and / or process the received data.

[0077] It should be noted that the pushing device of this embodiment can be applied to the situation where the end of the cable away from the test probe 610 is not connected to the test host 630, and can also be applied to the situation where the end of the cable away from the test probe 610 is already connected to the test host 630. In this case, there is no need to remove the cable from the test host 630 to achieve the cable threading and protection.

[0078] A usage process of the pushing device of this embodiment includes: separating the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412, placing the cable on the side of the first splicing unit 411 facing the second splicing unit 412, and then using the fastening structure 420 to connect the second splicing unit 412 and the first splicing unit 411 together to form a guide rod body 410 with a hollow cavity 413 inside; then, connecting the test probe 610 to one end of the guide rod body 410 to close one end opening of the hollow cavity 413, and the other end of the guide rod body 410 can extend above the water surface, so that the hollow cavity 413 is completely closed, isolating the cable from water, improving the waterproof ability and environmental adaptability of the cable, and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0079] At present, for testing instruments that need to work in a water environment, such as sonic logging instruments, one end of the cable is connected to the probe of the testing instrument, and the other end is connected to a data acquisition device such as a computer. Moreover, due to the different depths of the test rock formations, the length of the connected cable usually ranges from a few meters to tens of meters, or even hundreds of meters. If a pipe body with an integrated structure is used, it is necessary to manually insert the probe and the cable into one end of the pipe body and out from the other end. This operation method is relatively easy to operate for shorter cables, but it is less easy to operate for longer cables, inefficient, and consumes a lot of manpower and time. The guide rod body 410 formed by splicing the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412 of the present embodiment can avoid the pipe threading operation. Whether it is for shorter cables or for longer cables, it is easy to operate and can greatly improve work efficiency.

[0080] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, in some embodiments, the first splicing unit 411 includes a first guide rod body 4111 and two first guide rod heads 4112; the two first guide rod heads 4112 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first guide rod body 4111; the second splicing unit 412 includes a second guide rod body 4121 and two second guide rod heads 4122; the two second guide rod heads 4122 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second guide rod body 4121; the fastening structure 420 is connected to the first guide rod body 4111 and the second guide rod body 4121, so that the first guide rod body 4111 and the second guide rod body 4121 are spliced, and the first guide rod head 4112 and the second guide rod head 4122 are spliced ​​to form the guide rod body 410. Specifically, the first guide rod body 4111 and the second guide rod body 4121 are spliced ​​together to form a guide rod body 414 having a hollow cavity 413 therein. The first guide rod head 4112 and the second guide rod head 4122 are spliced ​​together to form a guide rod joint 415 having a wire hole therein. The guide rod joint 415 is connected to the guide rod body 414, and the wire hole is connected to the hollow cavity 413. By providing the guide rod joint 415, the pushing guide rod 400 can be connected to the corresponding components. For example, two or more pushing guide rods 400 can be connected through the guide rod joint 415 to increase the length of the pushing device 20, thereby achieving the purpose of pushing the test instrument to the target test depth.

[0081] Furthermore, the wire hole and the hollow cavity 413 are coaxially arranged.

[0082] Furthermore, the guide rod body 414 is welded to the guide rod joint 415 . In other words, the first guide rod head 4112 is welded to the first guide rod body 4111 , and the second guide rod head 4122 is welded to the second guide rod body 4121 .

[0083] Specifically, the outer diameter of the guide rod joint 415 matches the inner diameter of the guide rod body 414 , and the guide rod joint 415 is inserted into the hollow cavity 413 of the guide rod body 414 and is welded to the guide rod body 414 .

[0084] Furthermore, the guide rod body 414 and the guide rod joint 415 can be made of different metal materials.

[0085] For example, the guide rod body 414 may be made of aluminum alloy to reduce the weight of the entire pushing device 20 ; and the guide rod joint 415 may be made of steel to ensure welding strength.

[0086] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the push guide rod 400 further includes a sealing strip (not shown in the figure), which is arranged between the first splicing surface 4113 of the first guide rod body 4111 and the second splicing surface 4123 of the second guide rod body 4121. When the fastening structure 420 connects the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412 together, the first guide rod body 4111 and the second guide rod body 4121 squeeze the sealing strip, ensuring that the splicing portion of the guide rod body 410 has good sealing performance and preventing water from entering the hollow cavity 413 through the splicing portion.

[0087] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided in the first joint surface 4113 or the second joint surface 4123 along the axial direction, and the sealing strip is arranged in the mounting groove.

[0088] like Figure 9 As shown, further, a flange 4151 is formed on the side of the guide rod joint 415 in a radial direction; the flange 4151 divides the guide rod joint 415 into a first connecting segment 4152 and a second connecting segment 4153; the first connecting segment 4152 is inserted into the hollow cavity 413 and is welded to the guide rod body 414; the second connecting segment 4153 is used to be inserted into one end of the first connecting joint 500, and is detachably connected to the first connecting joint 500, and the other end of the first connecting joint 500 is used to be detachably connected to the first connecting segment 4152 of the guide rod joint 415 of another pushing device.

[0089] Preferably, a first sealing ring 4154 is provided on the side of the flange 4151 facing the first connection joint 500, and the first sealing ring 4154 abuts against the first connection joint 500. In other words, when the second connection section 4153 is connected to the first connection joint 500, the first connection joint 500 squeezes the first sealing ring 4154 to improve the sealing performance.

[0090] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, further, the first connecting joint 500 is plugged into and matched with the pushing guide rod 400 to facilitate installation and disassembly. A threaded hole is opened on the side of the first connecting joint 500 along the radial direction of the hollow cavity 413, and a first top screw 530 is provided in the threaded hole. The first top screw 530 is in contact with the side of the pushing guide rod 400 at one end thereof.

[0091] Specifically, the guide rod joint 415 is detachably connected to the first connecting joint 500, and the first top screw 530 abuts against the side of the guide rod joint 415 at one end thereof to prevent the first connecting joint 500 and the pushing guide rod 400 from sliding against each other during use.

[0092] like Figure 9As shown, specifically, the side of the guide rod joint 415 has a joint positioning hole 4157, the joint positioning hole 4157 is located in the joint limiting groove 4156, and the first top screw 530 is located in the joint positioning hole 4157 and abuts against the side of the guide rod joint 415.

[0093] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, specifically, at least one second limiting boss 520 is formed at both ends of the inner wall of the first connecting joint 500, and a threaded hole is opened in the second limiting boss 520. After the guide rod joint 415 is inserted into the first connecting joint 500, the guide rod joint 415 is rotated or the first connecting joint 500 is rotated so that the second limiting boss 520 is limited and clamped in the joint limiting groove 4156 of the guide rod joint 415, so that the first connecting joint 500 is limitedly connected to the guide rod joint 415.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fastening structure 420 may be, but is not limited to, a throat clamp, which is used to clamp the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412 together to form the guide rod body 410 .

[0095] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, in some other embodiments of the present invention, the fastening structure 420 includes a limiting seat 421 , a locking pressure plate 422 and a locking member 423 .

[0096] The limiting clamp 421 is connected to the first splicing unit 411. Axially, the limiting clamp 421 defines a threading hole 4211 located within the hollow cavity 413 and communicating with the hollow cavity 413. The threading hole 4211 has a wire opening on the side facing the second splicing unit 412. During use, a cable is inserted through the threading hole 4211 through the wire opening, and the cable extends out of the guide rod body 410 along the threading hole 4211. A locking plate 422 is located within the threading hole 4211. The locking plate 422 and the threading hole 4211 slide axially and engage radially. A locking member 423 is connected to the locking plate 422 at one end and to the second splicing unit 412 at the other end. The locking member 423 is used to drive the locking plate 422 radially away from the first splicing unit 411 to squeeze the limiting clamp 421. Specifically, the limiting clamping seat 421 is connected to the first guide rod body 4111, and the other end of the locking member 423 is connected to the second guide rod body 4121. When in use, the locking member 423 can be used to move the locking pressure plate 422 away from the first splicing unit 411. Because the locking pressure plate 422 is also radially limited by the limiting clamping seat 421, and the limiting clamping seat 421 is connected to the first guide rod body 4111, the locking pressure plate 422 drives the first guide rod body 4111 to move radially toward the second guide rod body 4121 through the limiting clamping seat 421, thereby increasing the fastening force between the first guide rod body 4111 and the second guide rod body 4121, so that the first splicing unit 411 and the second splicing unit 412 are spliced ​​to form the guide rod body 410.

[0097] Furthermore, the push guide rod 400 includes a plurality of fastening structures 420, which are spaced apart along the axial direction. By increasing the number of fastening structures 420, the fastening force can be further increased, the fastening force can be distributed as evenly as possible, and the sealing performance can be improved.

[0098] like Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the locking member 423 includes a screw, and the locking pressure plate 422 is fastened to the second splicing unit 412 by the screw. Specifically, the locking pressure plate 422 is fastened to the second guide rod body 4121 by the screw. The structure is simple, cost-effective, and easy to operate.

[0099] like Figure 8 As shown, the fastening structure 420 also includes a spacer 424; the spacer 424 is located in the hollow cavity 413, and the second splicing unit 412, the spacer 424, and the locking plate 422 are fastened together by screws. Specifically, the second guide rod 4121, the spacer 424, and the locking plate 422 are fastened together by screws. The provision of the spacer 424 increases the stability and strength of the connection.

[0100] Preferably, the side of the pad 424 facing the second guide rod body 4121 is an arcuate surface. This arcuate surface acts as a position limiter, preventing the pad 424 from rotating, facilitating installation. Furthermore, the arcuate surface increases the contact area between the pad 424 and the second guide rod body 4121, reducing contact pressure and making the pad 424 less susceptible to deformation. This enhances the strength of the contact structure and increases the service life of the rod body.

[0101] Furthermore, the first splicing unit 411 defines a first mounting hole (not shown), and a position-limiting bracket 421 is disposed within the first mounting hole and connected to the wall of the first mounting hole. Specifically, the first guide rod body 4111 defines a first mounting hole, and the position-limiting bracket 421 is disposed within the first mounting hole. By locating the position-limiting bracket 421 within the first mounting hole, the radial space occupied by the position-limiting bracket 421 within the hollow cavity 413 can be reduced, allowing more cables to be accommodated within the hollow cavity 413.

[0102] like Figure 8 As shown, further, the limiting holder 421 includes a bottom plate 4212 and two side plates 4213; the two side plates 4213 are radially arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 4212, and the two side plates 4213 are folded toward each other on the side away from the bottom plate 4212 to form a flange 4214, and the two flanges 4214, the two side plates 4213 and the bottom plate 4212 are surrounded to form a wire threading hole 4211 with a wire passing opening on one side.

[0103] Preferably, a side surface of the bottom plate 4212 away from the side plate 4213 is an arc-shaped surface, and the arc-shaped surface is flush with the outer side surface of the first guide rod body 4111 .

[0104] like Figures 12 to 15 As shown, the sealing device 10 also includes a switch component 300; the pipe wall of the pipe 100 is provided with a water inlet 104, a drain outlet 107, a pressure inlet 105 and a pressure discharge outlet 106; a first flow channel 102 and a second flow channel 103 are formed in the pipe wall; the first flow channel 102 and the second flow channel 103 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pipe 100; the water inlet 104 and the pressure inlet 105 are both connected to the first flow channel 102, and the drain outlet 107 and the pressure discharge outlet 106 are both connected to the second flow channel 103.

[0105] The elastic shell 200 has an expanded state and a contracted state; in the expanded state, the elastic shell 200 and the pipeline 100 form a water-filled gap, and at the same time, the elastic shell 200 is used to abut against the inner wall of the drilled hole to seal the drilled hole; the pressure inlet 105 connects the water-filled gap and the first flow channel 102, and the pressure discharge port 106 connects the water-filled gap and the second flow channel 103.

[0106] The switch component 300 is arranged at the drain outlet 107 and is used to open or block the drain outlet 107; when the water pressure in the water-filled gap is greater than the blocking force of the switch component 300 on the drain outlet 107, the switch component 300 opens the drain outlet 107, allowing the water in the second flow channel 103 to flow from the drain outlet 107 into the drilled hole.

[0107] In this embodiment, the sealing device 10 is provided with a pipe 100, an elastic housing 200, and a switch component 300. During use, the sealing device 10 is placed in a borehole. External water is injected through the water inlet 104. The water flows sequentially through the first flow channel 102 and the pressure inlet 105 into the water-filled gap between the elastic housing 200 and the pipe 100, causing the elastic housing 200 to transition from a contracted state to an expanded state. The expanded elastic housing 200 can then abut against the borehole wall, sealing the borehole. Simultaneously, the water flows through the pressure relief port 106 into the second flow channel 103, flowing into the drain port 107 to squeeze the switch component 300. When the water pressure within the water-filled gap, i.e., the squeezing force of the water on the switch assembly 310, exceeds the sealing force of the switch component 300 on the drain port 107, the switch component 300 is squeezed open, opening the drain port 107. Water then flows from the drain port 107 into the borehole, effectively filling the borehole with water.

[0108] When the injection of water into the water inlet 104 stops, the water in the sealing device 10 flows out from the water inlet 104 and the elastic shell 200 returns to the contracted state.

[0109] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the first flow channel 102 and the second flow channel 103 are arranged axially at intervals along the pipe 100, which means that the distal end of the first flow channel 102 and the proximal end of the second flow channel 103 are divided in the middle, that is, the distal end of the first flow channel 102 is closed and the proximal end of the second flow channel 103 is closed.

[0110] like Figure 17 As shown, in some embodiments, a limiting groove 140 is formed on the outer side of the pipe 100 , and the elastic shell 200 is limited in the limiting groove 140 .

[0111] like Figure 17 、 Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, in some embodiments, the pipeline 100 includes an inner tube 110 , a first outer tube 120 , and a second outer tube 130 .

[0112] The inner tube 110 has an axially open assembly cavity 101 formed within it. A first outer tube 120 is sleeved onto the outer side of the inner tube 110, forming a first flow channel 102 with the inner tube 110. A water inlet 104 and a pressure inlet 105 are formed in the wall of the first outer tube 120. A second outer tube 130 is sleeved onto the outer side of the inner tube 110, axially aligned with the first outer tube 120, forming a second flow channel 103 with the inner tube 110. A pressure outlet 106 and a water outlet 107 are formed in the wall of the second outer tube 130. The provision of the inner tube 110 allows testing instruments and the like to be inserted into the borehole. The provision of the first outer tube 120 and the second outer tube 130 facilitates the formation of the first flow channel 102 and the second flow channel 103. Compared to the integrated pipe 100, the split structure of this embodiment facilitates processing.

[0113] Specifically, the proximal end of the first outer tube 120 is welded to the inner tube 110, and the distal end of the first outer tube 120 is also welded to the inner tube 110, so that the first flow channel 102 is formed between the middle section of the first outer tube 120 and the inner tube 110. Preferably, the first flow channel 102 is an annular flow channel.

[0114] Specifically, the proximal end of the second outer tube 130 is welded to the inner tube 110, and the distal end of the second outer tube 130 is welded to the inner tube 110, so that the second flow channel 103 is formed between the middle section of the second outer tube 130 and the inner tube 110. Preferably, the second flow channel 103 is an annular flow channel.

[0115] In some embodiments, the inner tube 110 includes multiple sections of tubing that are detachably connected. When the distal end of the tubing is blocked and damaged, the proximal end of the tubing can be removed and the proximal section of the tubing can continue to be used, thereby avoiding material waste and reducing costs.

[0116] Specifically, the inner tube 110 includes a first tube body 111 and a second tube body 112. The distal end of the outer side of the first tube body 111 has an internal thread, and the proximal end of the outer side of the second tube body 112 has an external thread. The first tube body 111 and the second tube body 112 are threadedly connected through the external thread and the internal thread.

[0117] Furthermore, in order to improve the sealing effect, a first sealing ring is provided at the distal end of the external thread. When the first tube body 111 and the second tube body 112 are threadedly connected together, the first tube body 111 squeezes the first sealing ring.

[0118] Specifically, a first limiting groove 121 is formed at the proximal end of the outer side surface of the first outer tube 120 , and the first limiting groove 121 is sealedly connected to the proximal end of the elastic shell 200 .

[0119] Specifically, a third limiting protrusion 131 is formed on the outer side surface of the second outer tube 130 near the pressure discharge port 106 .

[0120] Specifically, the inner sidewall of the second tube 112 is formed with a second retaining groove (not shown), which is used to accommodate a second sealing ring (not shown). When the pushing device 20 is sealed and assembled in the assembly cavity 101, the outer sidewall of the pushing device 20 squeezes the second sealing ring, improving the sealing effect.

[0121] In some embodiments, the proximal end of the elastic shell 200 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the first outer tube 120, and the distal end of the elastic shell 200 is fixedly connected to the distal end of the second outer tube 130. Water enters the first flow channel 102 from the water inlet 104, and the water in the first flow channel 102 enters the water-filled gap between the elastic shell 200 and the pipeline 100 from the pressure inlet hole. The proximal end of the elastic shell 200 and the distal end of the elastic shell 200 are both fixed and unchanged, and the shell wall of the elastic shell 200 becomes thinner due to expansion.

[0122] In some other embodiments, the proximal end of the elastic shell 200 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the first outer tube 120, and the distal end of the elastic shell 200 is axially slidably fitted with the distal end of the second outer tube 130. When water in the first flow channel 102 enters the water-filled gap between the elastic shell 200 and the pipeline 100 from the pressure inlet hole, the distal end of the elastic shell 200 moves toward the proximal end of the elastic shell 200, and at the same time, the elastic shell 200 expands, and the elastic shell 200 appears to be shortened and expanded.

[0123] like Figure 16 As shown, further, the elastic housing 200 includes an elastic sleeve assembly 210 and a sealing ring 220. The elastic sleeve assembly 210 is sleeved on the outside of the pipe 100, and the proximal end of the elastic sleeve assembly 210 near the water inlet 104 is connected to the pipe 100; the elastic sleeve assembly 210 has an expanded state and a contracted state. The sealing ring 220 is sleeved on the outside of the pipe 100; the distal end of the elastic sleeve assembly 210 away from the water inlet 104 is axially slidably fitted with the pipe 100 through the sealing ring 220. Specifically, the proximal end of the inner side wall of the elastic sleeve assembly 210 near the water inlet 104 is connected to the first outer tube 120, and the sealing ring 220 is sleeved on the distal end of the outer side surface of the second outer tube 130, and is axially slidably fitted with the second outer tube 130; the outer side surface of the sealing ring 220 is connected to the distal end of the inner side wall of the elastic sleeve assembly 210 away from the water inlet 104. The water in the first flow channel 102 enters the water-filled gap between the elastic sleeve assembly 210 and the pipeline 100 through the pressure inlet 105, and the elastic sleeve assembly 210 changes from a contracted state to an expanded state. At the same time, the elastic sleeve assembly 210 pulls the sealing ring 220, causing the sealing ring 220 to move toward the water inlet 104.

[0124] like Figure 14 and Figure 19As shown, in some embodiments, a third limiting protrusion 131 is formed on the outer side of the pipe 100. The third limiting protrusion 131 is located between the pressure relief port 106 and the water outlet 107 and is close to the pressure relief port 106. The sealing ring 220 is limited by the third limiting protrusion 131, limiting the maximum movement distance of the sealing ring 220 while preventing the sealing ring 220 from blocking the pressure relief port 106.

[0125] like Figure 16 As shown, further, the elastic sleeve assembly 210 includes an elastic sleeve 211 , a first fastener 212 and a second fastener 213 .

[0126] The elastic sleeve 211 is mounted on the exterior of the pipe 100 and has both expanded and contracted states. A first fastener 212 is provided at the proximal end of the elastic sleeve 211 to connect the elastic sleeve 211 to the pipe 100. A second fastener 213 is provided at the distal end of the elastic sleeve 211 to connect the elastic sleeve 211 to the sealing ring 220. The provision of the first fastener 212 and the second fastener 213 ensures that both the proximal and distal ends of the elastic sleeve 211 are sealed against the pipe 100.

[0127] Preferably, the first fastener 212 includes but is not limited to a clamp. Preferably, the second fastener 213 includes but is not limited to a clamp.

[0128] Furthermore, a third sealing ring 230 is provided between the sealing ring 220 and the pipe 100. The third sealing ring 230 not only improves the sealing performance between the sealing ring 220 and the pipe 100, but also reduces the contact area between the sealing ring 220 and the pipe 100, thereby lowering the sliding friction resistance. This allows the sealing ring 220 to more smoothly move the distal end of the elastic sleeve 211 toward the proximal end when the elastic sleeve 211 expands.

[0129] like Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, in some embodiments, the switch component 300 includes a switch assembly 310 and a pressure regulating assembly 320. The switch assembly 310 is disposed at the drain outlet 107 and is used to open or block the drain outlet 107. The pressure regulating assembly 320 is connected to the switch assembly 310 and has a blocking force, which is used to press the switch assembly 310 toward the drain outlet 107 to block the drain outlet 107. The pressure regulating assembly 320 can adjust the magnitude of the blocking force. The pressure regulating assembly 320 can not only press the switch assembly 310 toward the drain outlet 107 to block the drain outlet 107, but also adjust the maximum expansion degree of the elastic housing 200 by adjusting the blocking force, thereby adapting the elastic housing 200 to block drilled holes of different diameters.

[0130] Furthermore, the switch assembly 310 includes a sealing member 311 and a sealing gasket 312; the sealing gasket 312 is arranged around the drain outlet 107, and the sealing member 311 is connected to the pressure regulating assembly 320; when the sealing member 311 blocks the drain outlet 107, the sealing member 311 squeezes the sealing gasket 312 to improve the sealing effect and prevent water leakage from the drain outlet 107.

[0131] Furthermore, the pressure regulating assembly 320 includes an elastic member 321 and a second push screw 322. The elastic member 321 is connected to the switch assembly 310. The second push screw 322 is threadedly engaged with the pipe 100. The second push screw 322 presses the elastic member 321 to press the switch assembly 310 toward the drain outlet 107. By twisting the second push screw 322, the depth of the second push screw 322 inserted into the pipe 100 is changed, and the elastic deformation of the elastic member 321 can be adjusted, thereby changing the sealing force of the pressure regulating assembly 320. This has a simple structure and low cost.

[0132] In some embodiments, the sealing guide rod 30 defines a guide rod cavity that communicates with the assembly cavity 101 of the pipe 100. One end of the sealing guide rod 30 is detachably connected to the proximal end of the sealing device 10, for pushing the sealing device 10 to the target depth within the borehole. The sealing guide rod 30 is connected to the sealing device 10 and used to push the sealing device 10 to the target depth within the borehole. The pushing device 20, equipped with the test probe 610, is then sealed and assembled in the assembly cavity 101 of the sealing device 10, allowing the test instrument to enter the target depth within the borehole.

[0133] The embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention proposes a measurement method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, such as Figure 20 As shown, the measurement method includes the following steps 100 to 400.

[0134] Step 100: Place the sealing device 10 at the target depth in the borehole 50 through the sealing guide rod 30. The assembly cavity 101 of the sealing device 10 is sealed with a pushing device 20. The distal end of the pushing device 20 is equipped with a test probe 610 extending out of the assembly cavity 101.

[0135] The pushing device 20 equipped with the test probe 610 is sealed and assembled in the assembly cavity 101 of the sealing device 10 , and the sealing device 10 is placed at the target depth in the borehole 50 through the sealing guide rod 30 , thereby allowing the test probe 610 to enter the target depth of the borehole 50 .

[0136] Specifically, a drilling rig is used to drill a borehole 50 of the required diameter and depth on the top plate or both sides of the tunnel 70 where the rock mass is to be tested. The borehole 50 can be a vertically upward borehole, an inclined upward borehole, or a horizontal borehole 50. The depth of the borehole 50 should exceed the depth of the desired test rock layer 60 position.

[0137] The test probe 610 of the test instrument is connected to the farthest end of the push guide rod 400, and the cable 620 connected to the test probe 610 is accommodated in the hollow cavity 413 of the push guide rod 400 and extends out of the push guide rod 400 along the axial direction of the push guide rod 400. The other end of the cable 620 is connected to the test host 630 in the lane 70. It should be noted that the cable 620 includes a signal transmission cable 620 and a data transmission cable 620.

[0138] The push guide rod 400 is sealed and assembled in the assembly cavity 101 of the sealing device 10. The water inlet 104 of the sealing device 10 is fixedly connected to one end of a water pipe. The other end of the water pipe is connected to a water pump 40. A pressure gauge is connected between the water inlet 104 and the water pipe to test the water pressure. A sealing guide rod 30 of a certain length is connected to the proximal end of the sealing device 10 so that the sealing device 10 can be pushed to the target depth of the drill hole 50 via the sealing guide rod 30. It should be noted that multiple push guide rods 400 are connected end to end according to the required test depth until the push guide rod 400 sends the test probe 610 into the test rock formation position.

[0139] Step 200 , inject water into the water-filled gap to expand the elastic shell 200 until it contacts the inner wall of the borehole 50 , and simultaneously fill the borehole 50 with water through the drain port 107 so that the test probe 610 is in a liquid environment.

[0140] Specifically, when the water source is turned on, water flows into the first flow channel 102 from the water inlet 104, and then enters the water-filled gap between the elastic shell 200 and the pipe 100 from the pressure inlet 105, causing the elastic shell 200 to expand while the distal end of the elastic shell 200 moves toward the proximal end until the elastic shell 200 abuts against the wall of the borehole 50 to close the borehole 50.

[0141] When the water pressure in the water-filled gap is greater than the blocking force of the switch component 300 , the switch component 300 opens, and the water in the second flow channel 103 enters the borehole 50 from the drain port 107 , thereby injecting water into the borehole 50 and placing the test probe 610 in a sealed water environment.

[0142] Step 300 : Acquire rock formation data through the test probe 610 .

[0143] Specifically, the test host 630 sends a control instruction to the test probe 610 through the signal transmission cable 620. The test probe 610 starts based on the control instruction. The test probe 610 collects rock formation data related to geological rock information and sends the rock formation data to the test host 630 through the data transmission cable 620.

[0144] Step 400: Determine test surrounding rock characteristics based on rock formation data.

[0145] It is understandable that the test host 630 may use a host computer, which processes the rock formation data to obtain the surrounding rock characteristics; the host computer may also control the memory to store geological rock information.

[0146] Specifically, the stress state and structure of the rock formation are determined based on the rock formation data, and the stability of the surrounding rock is determined based on the stress state and structure.

[0147] Furthermore, step 300 may specifically be to use a test probe to perform acoustic logging, density logging and other methods to obtain various data of the rock formation; and the data may be stored in a computer or data acquisition system, and statistics and analysis may be performed based on multiple rock formation data to determine the test surrounding rock characteristics.

[0148] In one embodiment of the present invention, step 300 is implemented by:

[0149] An acoustic wave pulse is generated by a measuring probe and propagated to the inner wall of the borehole; an acoustic wave signal reflected back after the acoustic wave pulse propagates through the rock formation is received by the measuring probe; the acoustic wave signal and the acoustic wave propagation time are determined as rock formation data; the acoustic wave propagation time is the time difference between the generation of the acoustic wave pulse by the measuring probe and the reception of the acoustic wave signal by the measuring probe.

[0150] The measuring probe includes an acoustic wave transmitter and a receiver. Acoustic logging obtains rock formation data by analyzing the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves in the formation. The specific process is as follows:

[0151] Sound wave generation: After the test probe is lowered to the target depth in the borehole, high-frequency sound wave pulses are generated through the sonicator.

[0152] Acoustic wave propagation: High-frequency acoustic pulses travel through the drilling fluid in the well to the wellbore wall and then into the formation. Acoustic waves travel at different speeds in different media (such as rock and fluid).

[0153] Acoustic Wave Reception: After propagating through the formation, some of the sound waves are reflected back into the well and received by a receiver. Preferably, multiple receivers are provided, spaced apart along the axial direction of the test probe to receive acoustic wave signals from different locations.

[0154] Data recording: The acoustic signal received by the receiver is recorded, including the arrival time, amplitude, and frequency of the sound wave. The propagation time of the sound wave is the time difference between the transmission and reception of the high-frequency sound wave pulse.

[0155] Data Analysis: The cable transmits the acoustic signal and propagation time acquired by the receiver to the test host 630, which stores and / or processes the received data. Specifically, the processing process involves analyzing the propagation time to calculate the propagation speed of the acoustic wave in the formation (acoustic velocity). Acoustic velocity is closely related to the physical properties of the formation (such as density, porosity, and lithology). Acoustic waves propagate faster in dense rock and slower in loose or porous rock. The density of the formation can be inferred from the acoustic velocity, with dense rock typically having a higher density. The test host 630 obtains multiple acoustic velocities and generates acoustic waveforms based on these velocities. By analyzing the received acoustic waveforms, other formation information, such as the bedding structure, fractures, and faults, can be obtained.

[0156] It is understood that acoustic wave measurements can provide stratigraphic information about the surrounding rock, helping to identify rock types, assess formation porosity and density, and determine fluid properties. This data has important application value in oil and gas exploration, geological research, and engineering construction.

[0157] In another embodiment of the present invention, step 300 is implemented by:

[0158] Gamma rays are generated by a measuring probe and propagated to the inner wall of the borehole; gamma ray data scattered back by the gamma rays after propagating through the rock formation are received by the measuring probe; the number and intensity of the scattered gamma rays are determined as rock formation data.

[0159] The measuring probe includes a gamma ray source and a gamma ray detector. Density logging obtains formation parameters by measuring formation density. Its main principle is to utilize the absorption and scattering characteristics of gamma rays in the formation. The specific process is as follows:

[0160] Gamma ray generation: After the test probe is lowered to the target depth in the borehole, the gamma ray source emits high-energy gamma rays that penetrate the wellbore and formation. The gamma ray source emits cesium-137 or cobalt-60 rays.

[0161] Gamma-ray detection: When gamma rays pass through a formation, some are absorbed by the formation and some are scattered. A gamma-ray detector measures the number and intensity of the scattered gamma rays. There can be one or more gamma-ray detectors.

[0162] Data recording: The gamma ray data recorded by the gamma ray detector, including the quantity and intensity of scattered gamma rays, is transmitted to the test host 630 on the ground.

[0163] Data analysis: The degree of absorption and scattering of gamma rays in the formation is related to the electron density of the formation, which is proportional to the overall density of the formation. The test host 630 can calculate the density of the formation by measuring the attenuation of the scattered gamma rays, thereby converting the detected scattered gamma ray data into a formation density value, so as to realize the calculation of the overall density of the formation from the gamma ray data. It should be noted here that due to the influence of the wellbore and drilling fluid, the measured density data needs to be corrected. For example, the size of the wellbore and the properties of the drilling fluid will affect the propagation of gamma rays, so environmental correction is required to ensure the accuracy of the data. It should be noted here that the scattered gamma ray data

[0164] Density curve: The final density data is displayed in the form of a density curve. The curve is distributed along the well depth, reflecting the density changes of the formation at different depths. It should be noted here that different types of rocks have different densities. Density logging can be used to identify the rock type in the formation, and density logging can reveal the bedding structure of the formation, such as the alternating layers of sandstone and shale.

[0165] It should be noted that density logging can be combined with other logging methods such as sonic logging and nuclear magnetic resonance logging to further accurately infer the porosity of the formation.

[0166] In some embodiments, the measurement method further includes: after the test is completed, stopping the injection of water into the water inlet 104. The water in the sealing device 10 is drained, and the elastic housing 200 returns to its contracted state. The distal end of the elastic housing 200 moves toward the drain 107, causing the elastic housing 200 to extend. After the elastic housing 200 contracts and separates from the inner wall of the borehole 50, the sealing device 10 and the test probe 610 are removed from the borehole 50, completing the test.

[0167] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, characterized in that: include: The sealing device includes a pipe and an elastic shell sleeved on the outside of the pipe. The pipe has an assembly cavity formed axially inside with both ends open. A water-filled gap is defined between the pipe and the elastic shell. When water is injected under pressure into the water-filled gap, the elastic shell abuts against the inner wall of the borehole to seal the borehole. The pipe has a drain port, and water in the water-filled gap flows into the borehole through the drain port. A sealing guide rod connected to the proximal end of the pipe; A pushing device is at least partially disposed in the assembly cavity, the pushing device comprising at least one pushing guide rod, the pushing guide rod having a hollow cavity, the distal end of the pushing guide rod having a connecting joint, and when there are multiple pushing guide rods, two adjacent pushing guide rods are detachably connected via the connecting joint; A test probe is sealed and connected to the connection connector at the farthest end, and a cable connected to the test probe is accommodated in the hollow cavity and extends out of the push guide rod along the axial direction of the push guide rod; Wherein, the two ends of the pushing guide rod have guide rod joints, the middle part of the guide rod joint has a flange, and the side surface of the guide rod joint away from the pushing guide rod has at least one first limiting boss, and a joint limiting groove is formed between the first limiting boss and the flange; The connecting joint includes a first connecting joint, wherein a connecting cavity is formed in the axial direction of the first connecting joint, and at least one second limiting boss is formed at each end of the inner side wall of the connecting cavity; The guide rod joint can rotate relative to the first connecting joint and has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. In the first rotation position, the first limiting boss corresponds to the second limiting boss, and the first limiting boss can extend into the connecting cavity through the second limiting boss. In the second rotation position, the second limiting boss is limited and clamped in the joint limiting groove, so that the first connecting joint and the guide rod joint are limitedly connected.

2. The measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sealing guide rod has a first scale arranged along the axial direction and / or the outer wall of the pushing guide rod has a second scale arranged along the axial direction.

3. The measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded hole is provided on the side surface of the first connecting joint, a first top screw is provided in the threaded hole, and the first top screw is connected to the guide rod joint.

4. The measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal end of the pushing guide rod has a guide rod joint, the middle portion of the guide rod joint has a flange, and the side surface of the guide rod joint away from the pushing guide rod has at least one first limiting boss, and a joint limiting groove is formed between the first limiting boss and the flange; The connecting joint includes a second connecting joint, the second connecting joint is provided with a connecting cavity along the axial direction, the proximal side wall of the connecting cavity is formed with at least one second limiting boss; the distal side wall of the connecting cavity has an internal thread connected to the test probe or the proximal end of the push guide rod; The guide rod joint can rotate relative to the second connecting joint and has a first rotation position and a second rotation position. In the first rotation position, the first limiting boss corresponds to the second limiting boss, and the first limiting boss can extend into the connecting cavity through the second limiting boss. In the second rotation position, the second limiting boss is limited and clamped in the joint limiting groove, so that the first connecting joint and the guide rod joint are limitedly connected.

5. The measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pushing guide rod comprises: The guide rod body includes a first splicing unit and a second splicing unit; The fastening structure is connected to the first splicing unit and the second splicing unit, so that the first splicing unit and the second splicing unit are spliced ​​together to form the hollow cavity.

6. The measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sealing device further includes a switch component. The pipe wall of the pipe is provided with a water inlet, a pressure inlet, and a pressure outlet. A first flow channel and a second flow channel are formed in the pipe wall. The first flow channel and the second flow channel are spaced apart along the axial direction. The water inlet and the pressure inlet are both connected to the first flow channel, and the water outlet and the pressure outlet are both connected to the second flow channel. The pressure inlet is connected to the water-filled gap and the first flow channel, and the pressure outlet is connected to the water-filled gap and the second flow channel. A switch component is provided at the drain outlet for opening or blocking the drain outlet; when the water pressure in the water-filled gap is greater than the blocking force of the switch component on the drain outlet, the switch component opens the drain outlet, allowing the water in the second flow channel to flow from the drain outlet into the drilled hole.

7. A method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology, characterized in that: Based on the measurement system for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprises: The sealing device is placed at a target depth in the drill hole by a sealing guide rod, the assembly cavity of the sealing device is sealed and equipped with a pushing device, and a test probe extending out of the assembly cavity is installed at the distal end of the pushing device; injecting water into the water-filled gap to expand the elastic shell until it abuts against the inner wall of the borehole, and at the same time filling the borehole with water through the drain port so that the test probe is in a liquid environment; Acquire rock formation data through test probes; Test surrounding rock properties are determined based on the formation data.

8. The method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of obtaining rock formation data by using a test probe includes: Generate an acoustic wave pulse through a measuring probe and transmit it to the inner wall of the borehole; receiving, by a measuring probe, an acoustic wave signal reflected back from the acoustic wave pulse after propagating through the rock formation; The acoustic wave signal and the acoustic wave propagation time are determined as rock formation data; the acoustic wave propagation time is the time difference between the measurement probe generating the acoustic wave pulse and the measurement probe receiving the acoustic wave signal.

9. The method for obtaining surrounding rock characteristics based on well logging technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of obtaining rock formation data by using a test probe includes: generating gamma rays through a measuring probe and transmitting the gamma rays to the inner wall of the borehole; receiving, by a measuring probe, gamma ray data that is scattered back after the gamma ray propagates through the rock formation; The amount and intensity of scattered gamma rays in the back-scattered gamma ray data are determined as formation data.

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