A backscatter communication method, device and electronic equipment with step-by-step constellation fusion

Abstract

The present application discloses a backscatter communication method, device, and electronic device with step-by-step constellation fusion, which is applied to a multi-stream coexistence backscatter communication system. The method includes: reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that meet the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristics after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion and have unique decomposition characteristics; transmitting the multiple signals to be transmitted to the RIS array and fusing them with the backscatter signal to obtain a fused signal, and reflecting the fused signal to the receiving end; decoding the received signal at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signal, and determining the user signals one by one from the fused signal. The present invention utilizes the unique decomposition characteristics of step-by-step constellation fusion, allowing the signal source to fuse and transmit signals, thereby improving spectrum utilization, reducing the complexity of the received signal form, improving the decoding performance of the system, avoiding decoding interference between user signals and backscatter signals, and significantly improving transmission efficiency and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a backscatter communication method, device, and electronic device with step-by-step constellation fusion. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of 5G technology has significantly boosted the Internet of Things (IoT), enabling IoT devices to achieve faster data transmission speeds, lower latency, and broader connectivity. However, the surge in IoT devices and the resulting massive connectivity also presents two challenging challenges: spectrum scarcity and rising energy consumption. Spectrum resources are the radio spectrum required to transmit data in wireless communications. As more and more devices connect to the network, the demand for spectrum resources increases. However, spectrum resources are limited and already highly congested in many locations and industries, leading to spectrum scarcity and the need to develop wireless communication technologies with higher spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the integration of massive nodes also significantly increases energy consumption. Therefore, research is needed on wireless transmission methods with both high spectral and energy efficiency to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of large-scale IoT connections.

[0003] Combining Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technology with backscatter communication can further enhance the communication capabilities of IoT devices. Backscatter communication allows devices to transmit data by reflecting modulated signals from external radiation sources (such as base stations or digital TV broadcast towers), further reducing device energy consumption. Combined with RIS, the direction and characteristics of the reflected signal can be more precisely controlled, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of backscatter communication.

[0004] However, in multi-user signal scenarios, there will be severe decoding interference between user signals and backscattered signals. Currently, when intelligent metasurfaces are combined with backscatter communication technology under the condition that the main system signal source transmits multiple user signals, in order to facilitate the modulation of the backscattered signal on the external radiating source main system signal at a specific frequency, the main system generally uses non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) signals, and the receiving end uses successive interference cancellation (SIC) technology to decode the main system signals and backscattered signals. Although large-scale RIS can significantly improve the backscatter channel capacity, it also introduces significant interference when decoding the main system signal. Small-scale RIS can reduce the interference when decoding the main system signal, but it limits the backscatter transmission rate. These problems will pose challenges to improving transmission robustness and capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to at least one defect or improvement need in the prior art, the present invention provides a backscatter communication method, device, and electronic device with step-by-step constellation fusion, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that in multi-user signal scenarios, there will be severe decoding interference between user signals and backscatter signals, which will affect the transmission robustness and capacity of information communication.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion is provided, which is applied to a multi-stream coexistence backscatter communication system, comprising:

[0007] Reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion;

[0008] The multiple signals to be transmitted are transmitted to the RIS array and fused with the backscattered signals to obtain a fused signal, and the fused signal is reflected to the receiving end;

[0009] Based on the SIC decoding framework, the received signal at the receiving end is decoded to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal.

[0010] In a possible implementation, reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion, includes:

[0011] All user signals are reconstructed into a signal group to be transmitted that satisfies the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused.

[0012] In one possible implementation, decoding a received signal at a receiving end based on a SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and determining user signals one by one from the fused signal includes:

[0013] Decode the received signal according to the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal;

[0014] User signals are decomposed one by one from the fused signal based on the unique decomposition characteristics.

[0015] In a possible implementation, reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion, includes:

[0016] Divide all user signals into several user signal groups;

[0017] The user signals in the same user signal group are reconstructed into signals to be transmitted that satisfy the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused, thereby obtaining multiple groups of signals to be transmitted.

[0018] In one possible implementation, multiple groups of to-be-transmitted signals correspond to multiple groups of fused signals; the multiple groups of fused signals correspond to multiple groups of received signals; the received signals at the receiving end are decoded based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain fused signals, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signals, including:

[0019] According to the SIC decoding framework, each group of received signals is decoded in turn to obtain the corresponding fused signal;

[0020] Based on the unique decomposition characteristics, user signals are decomposed one by one from each group of fusion signals.

[0021] In one possible implementation, a received signal at a receiving end is decoded based on a SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal, followed by:

[0022] Calculate the signal-to-interference-noise ratio corresponding to the fused signal;

[0023] If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio is greater than the preset threshold, the decoding is successful;

[0024] The optimal power allocation coefficient of the RIS array is determined based on a preset threshold.

[0025] In one possible implementation, determining the optimal power allocation coefficient of the RIS array based on a preset threshold includes:

[0026] Determine the reflection coefficient symbiosis restriction condition according to the reflection coefficient constraint condition;

[0027] The optimization is performed based on the reflection coefficient symbiosis constraint to determine the optimal power distribution coefficient.

[0028] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a backscatter communication device with a step-by-step constellation fusion, which is applied to a multi-stream coexistence backscatter communication system, comprising:

[0029] A reconstruction module configured to reconstruct multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion;

[0030] A fusion module is configured to transmit multiple signals to be transmitted to the RIS array and fuse them with the backscattered signal to obtain a fused signal, and reflect the fused signal to the receiving end;

[0031] The decoding module is configured to decode the received signal of the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and determine the user signals one by one from the fused signal.

[0032] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a backscatter communication device with step-by-step constellation fusion is also provided, which includes at least one processing unit and at least one storage unit, wherein the storage unit stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processing unit, the processing unit performs the steps of the backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion described above.

[0033] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a storage medium is also provided, which stores a computer program that can be executed by an access authentication device. When the computer program runs on the access authentication device, the access authentication device executes the steps of the backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion as described above.

[0034] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0035] The present invention provides a backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion, which reconstructs multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion. Unlike existing RIS-enabled ambient backscatter systems, this method utilizes the unique decomposition characteristic of progressive constellation fusion, allowing the signal source to fuse and transmit signals, improving spectrum utilization, reducing the complexity of the received signal form, and enhancing the system's decoding performance. The multiple signals to be transmitted are transmitted to the RIS array and fused with the backscattered signal to obtain a fused signal, which is then reflected to the receiving end. This avoids decoding interference between the user signals and the backscattered signal, significantly improving transmission efficiency and reliability. The received signal at the receiving end is decoded based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal. This method comprehensively considers the problems of interference between signals and the high constellation order of the fused signal, and flexibly selects power coefficient allocation based on the number of user signals, effectively improving the system's transmission performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a reflective RIS multi-stream coexistence backscatter communication system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of determining the optimal power allocation coefficient of a RIS array provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A comparison chart of the interruption rates of a traditional solution and an embodiment of transmission mechanism 1 and transmission mechanism 2 under two user signals provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a backscatter communication device with step-by-step constellation fusion provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a backscatter communication device with step-by-step constellation fusion provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0044] The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0045] The present invention provides a backscatter communication method, device and electronic equipment with step-by-step constellation fusion, which are described below respectively.

[0046] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flowchart of an embodiment of a backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion provided by the present invention is provided. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion is disclosed, which is applied to a multi-stream symbiotic backscatter communication system, including:

[0047] S101. Reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion.

[0048] S102, transmitting multiple signals to be transmitted to the RIS array and fusing them with the backscattered signals to obtain a fused signal, and reflecting the fused signal to the receiving end;

[0049] S103 : Decode the received signal at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and determine user signals one by one from the fused signal.

[0050] In the above embodiment, a specific constellation symbol multiplication and fusion technique is used to ensure that multiple user signals can be uniquely decomposed back into their original signals after fusion, thereby preventing interference between signals. A step-by-step constellation fusion algorithm is designed that leverages the specific mathematical properties of constellation symbols (such as multiplication) to fuse multiple user signals into a single composite signal. The key to fusion is ensuring that the fused signal can be uniquely decomposed back into the original multiple user signals at the receiving end. When designing the fusion algorithm, it is important to ensure that the fused signal has sufficient discrimination so that the original signals of each user can be accurately recovered using a specific decoding algorithm at the receiving end.

[0051] Using a reconfigurable smart surface (RIS) as a relay, multiple transmission signals are combined with backscattered signals and transmitted to the receiver through the RIS's reflection characteristics. The RIS's phase and amplitude are dynamically adjusted based on the characteristics of the transmitted signals to achieve optimal signal combination and reflection. Multiple transmission signals are simultaneously projected onto the RIS's surface, which then combines them with the backscattered signals according to a pre-set configuration and transmits the combined signal to the receiver through reflection.

[0052] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, all user information can be taken as a group of signals to jointly constitute a group of signals to be transmitted that satisfies the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition property after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused. Alternatively, the user information can be divided into multiple groups of user information, each group of user information constellation constellation fusion signal group to be transmitted that satisfies the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition property after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused, thereby obtaining multiple groups of signals to be transmitted.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the reflective RIS multi-stream symbiotic backscatter communication system provided by the present invention. Given a PSK constellation format, a unique decomposition method based on "step-by-step constellation fusion" is used to achieve multiplicative unique decomposition of multiple PSK constellation signals. This symbiotic system includes a signal source S, a reflective RIS array, and a receiver D located on one side of the RIS array. The direct transmission link of the system is ignored. The reflective RIS array performs backscatter modulation as a whole. The number of reflective elements in the array, N, can be dynamically adjusted based on system performance requirements.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, this embodiment provides a backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion. This method reconstructs multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion. Unlike existing RIS-enabled ambient backscatter systems, this method utilizes the unique decomposition characteristic of progressive constellation fusion. The signal source can fuse and transmit signals, improving spectrum utilization, reducing the complexity of the received signal format, and enhancing the system's decoding performance. Multiple signals to be transmitted are transmitted to the RIS array and fused with the backscattered signal to obtain a fused signal, which is then reflected to the receiving end. This avoids decoding interference between user signals and backscattered signals, significantly improving transmission efficiency and reliability. Based on the SIC decoding framework, the received signal at the receiving end is decoded to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are individually determined from the fused signal. This method comprehensively considers the issues of inter-signal interference and the high constellation order of the fused signal. Furthermore, the power coefficient allocation is flexibly selected based on the number of user signals, effectively improving the system's transmission performance.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion, includes:

[0056] All user signals are reconstructed into a signal group to be transmitted that satisfies the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, decoding a received signal at a receiving end based on a SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and determining user signals one by one from the fused signal includes:

[0058] Decode the received signal according to the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal;

[0059] User signals are decomposed one by one from the fused signal based on the unique decomposition characteristics.

[0060] In the above embodiment, all user signals are reconstructed into a group of signals to be transmitted that meet the unique decomposition characteristics after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion, which is the transmission mechanism 1. A two-hop channel model is established from the source S to the RIS array and from the RIS array to the receiving end D. In the first-hop channel model, the source S first receives m The user signal is constructed to conform to a specific BPSK constellation signal, so that it satisfies the unique decomposition form of "step-by-step constellation fusion", that is, the constellation symbols of each user signal have unique decomposition after multiplication and fusion, that is, the signal source S sends a signal , and sent to the RIS array, and the backscattered signal of the RIS array Perform fusion forwarding. Also from a specific constellation Select so that the fusion signal The unique decomposition property is still satisfied. In the second hop channel model, the RIS front reflected signal It is transmitted to the receiving end through the second hop channel. Then the receiving end decodes it using the SIC decoding rule. , and then according to the unique decomposition, Decompose into user signals and backscattered signals .

[0061] Specifically, in transmission mechanism 1, consider that the signal source S transmits m user signals simultaneously. Then, at the receiving end, the received nth signal can be expressed as:

[0062]

[0063] in, , is the transmission power of the source S, yes and The signal formed after the fusion of is the backscattering efficiency of the RIS array, is the reflection coefficient of the RIS array, and the phase shift of the ith unit of the RIS is set to: To offset the effect of channel phase shift. It is a channel The phase shift, It is a channel phase shift. The power is Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), that is .

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion, includes:

[0065] Divide all user signals into several user signal groups;

[0066] The user signals in the same user signal group are reconstructed into signals to be transmitted that satisfy the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused, thereby obtaining multiple groups of signals to be transmitted.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple groups of signals to be transmitted correspond to multiple groups of fused signals; the multiple groups of fused signals correspond to multiple groups of received signals; decoding the received signals at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signals, and determining user signals one by one from the fused signals includes:

[0068] According to the SIC decoding framework, each group of received signals is decoded in turn to obtain the corresponding fused signal;

[0069] Based on the unique decomposition characteristics, user signals are decomposed one by one from each group of fusion signals.

[0070] In the above embodiment, all user signals are divided into several groups of user signal groups. The user signals in the same group are reconstructed into signals to be transmitted that meet the requirements of the constellation symbol multiplication and fusion, and have a unique decomposition characteristic after the constellation symbol multiplication and fusion. The resulting multiple groups of signals to be transmitted are referred to as the second transmission mechanism. A two-hop channel model is established for the user signal from the signal source S to the RIS array and from the RIS array to the receiving end D. In the first-hop channel model, the signal source S first divides the m received user signals into two parts, each of which is reconstructed to meet the specific BPSK constellation. signal, so that both fused signals satisfy the unique decomposition form of “step-by-step constellation fusion”, that is, the signal sent by the source S can be recorded as: , where the user signal The unique decomposition characteristics of "step-by-step constellation fusion" are met, and the user signal It also conforms to the unique decomposition characteristics of "step-by-step constellation fusion". Each user signal is in a specific BPSK constellation form. and They are the power distribution coefficients of the two groups of signals to be transmitted. And sent to the RIS array, and the backscattered signal of the RIS array Perform fusion forwarding. Also from a specific constellation Select so that the fusion signal and The unique decomposition property is still satisfied. In the second hop channel model, the RIS front reflected signal and It is transmitted to the receiving end through the second hop channel. Then the receiving end decodes it using the SIC decoding rule. and , and then according to the unique decomposition, and Decomposed into corresponding user signal and backscatter signal .

[0071] Specifically, consider that the signal source S transmits m user signals simultaneously. Then, at the receiving end, the received nth signal can be expressed as:

[0072]

[0073] in, is the backscattering efficiency of the RIS array, is the reflection coefficient of the RIS array, and the RIS unit phase setting satisfies: , to offset the influence of channel phase shift. It is a channel The phase shift, It is a channel phase shift. The power is The zero-mean additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is . For a specific constellation, For a specific constellation. and is the power allocation coefficient, satisfying In order to facilitate the subsequent determination of the decoding order, set .

[0074] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of determining the optimal power allocation coefficient of a RIS array provided by the present invention. In some embodiments of the present invention, a received signal at a receiving end is decoded based on a SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal. The following steps are then included:

[0075] S301, calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio corresponding to the fused signal;

[0076] S302: If the signal to interference noise ratio is greater than the preset threshold, the decoding is successful;

[0077] S303: Determine the optimal power allocation coefficient of the RIS array based on a preset threshold.

[0078] In the above embodiment, after the transmission mechanism is decoded, the receiving end D adopts the SIC decoding framework and only needs to decode , we can get the symbols of each user signal and backscattered signal. According to Shannon's formula, when decoding The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than the decoding threshold , then the system is judged to have decoded successfully, otherwise it is judged to have decoded failed.

[0079] The receiving end D uses the SIC method to decode , decoding The SINR can be written as:

[0080] ;

[0081] In order to ensure successful decoding, .

[0082] After the transmission mechanism 2 is decoded, the receiving end D uses the SIC decoding framework to decode and Decoding Time General It is considered as interference and will be decoded successfully. Eliminate from the received signal and then decode System symbiosis needs to meet the decoding requirements. The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is greater than the decoding threshold , decoding The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) is greater than the decoding threshold , in order to determine whether the reflection coefficient that satisfies the system symbiosis can be found. Based on the MAX-MIN criterion, the power distribution of the transmitting source S to the two fusion signals is optimized to determine the optimal power distribution coefficient , which is related to the number of user signals m Related.

[0083] At the receiving end, the signal is decoded according to the SIC decoding rules. and ,from Chinese decoding When , the received signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) at the receiving end is:

[0084] ;

[0085] In successful decoding Based on this, decoding is done at the receiving end. The received signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) is:

[0086] .

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the optimal power allocation coefficient of the RIS array based on a preset threshold includes:

[0088] Determine the reflection coefficient symbiosis restriction condition according to the reflection coefficient constraint condition;

[0089] The optimization is performed based on the reflection coefficient symbiosis constraint to determine the optimal power distribution coefficient.

[0090] In the above embodiment, in order to ensure successful decoding, it is necessary to meet and , through the above analysis, in order to satisfy the symbiotic transmission mechanism, the reflection coefficient on the RIS surface Must meet:

[0091] ;

[0092] In order to ensure the existence of the reflection coefficient of the RIS front To satisfy the above formula, the following symbiotic conditions are imposed:

[0093] ;

[0094] .

[0095] Optimal power allocation coefficient It can be obtained by solving the following optimization problem:

[0096] ;

[0097] ;

[0098] ;

[0099] Among them, the definition , , st is the abbreviation of subject to, respectively and The value of is constrained.

[0100] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This figure compares the interruption rates of a traditional solution and one embodiment of Transmission Mechanism 1 and Transmission Mechanism 2 for two user signals provided by the present invention. In a traditional RIS symbiotic backscatter system with a direct link, the primary system signal relies on the direct link for transmission. The RIS only has a reflection function, acting as a backscatter modulator in the symbiotic system and enhancing the backscatter signal propagation channel. The signal source uses NOMA technology to perform power domain synthesis on the primary system signal.

[0101] The simulation parameters are set as follows: Assume that all channels are independent and identically distributed complex Gaussian fading, that is, and Considering the influence of path loss effect, represents the path loss exponent, and we get and Without loss of generality, the average channel power gain is set to , .

[0102] The idea of ​​the simulation program code is as follows: set the parameters and 、 、 Generate random samples from an exponential distribution In the transmission mechanism, when When , the system is judged to be successfully decoded, otherwise the system is judged to be interrupted. In the second transmission mechanism, the condition for the system to coexist is that a reflection coefficient that meets the conditions can be found, otherwise the system will be interrupted. The judgment condition is the reflection coefficient constraint condition and the reflection coefficient coexistence constraint condition, that is, when the lower bound of the inequality is less than or equal to the upper bound, the system transmission will not be interrupted. This program first simulates the probability of successful communication of the system , interruption probability 。 For the interruption performance simulation, the interruption performance curve of the present invention is drawn with the transmission signal-to-noise ratio as the horizontal axis and the interruption probability of the symbiotic system as the vertical axis.

[0103] The simulation results show that the interruption probability of the RIS-enabled multi-stream symbiotic backscatter system under Rayleigh channel conditions, using two-user main system signals, is affected by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) curves of the two transmission mechanisms proposed by the traditional method and the present invention. Figure 4 It can be seen that the transmission mechanism proposed in the present invention can effectively reduce the interruption rate of the system and improve the transmission reliability of the system.

[0104] In order to better implement the backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a backscatter communication device with step-by-step constellation fusion provided by the present invention. This embodiment of the present invention provides a backscatter communication device 500 with step-by-step constellation fusion, including:

[0105] A reconstruction module 510 is configured to reconstruct multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion.

[0106] A fusion module 520 is configured to transmit multiple signals to be transmitted to the RIS array and fuse them with the backscattered signal to obtain a fused signal, and reflect the fused signal to the receiving end;

[0107] The decoding module 530 is configured to decode the received signal at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and determine user signals one by one from the fused signal.

[0108] It should be noted here that the device 500 provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solutions described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation principles of the above modules or units can be found in the corresponding contents in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0109] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a backscatter communication device with progressive constellation fusion, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Based on the aforementioned backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion, the present invention also provides a corresponding backscatter communication device with progressive constellation fusion. The backscatter communication device with progressive constellation fusion can be a computing device such as a mobile terminal, desktop computer, notebook, PDA, or server. The backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation fusion includes a processor 610, a memory 620, and a display 630. Figure 6 Only some components of the synchronous tracking flying welding equipment for real-time measurement of battery height are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement all the shown components, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0110] In some embodiments, the memory 620 may be an internal storage unit of the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration, such as a hard drive or memory within the backscatter communication device 600. In other embodiments, the memory 620 may be an external storage device within the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration, such as a plug-in hard drive, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash memory card, etc. Furthermore, the memory 620 may include both the internal storage unit of the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration and an external storage device. The memory 620 is used to store application software and various data installed in the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration, such as program code for the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration. The memory 620 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is about to be output. In one embodiment, the memory 620 stores a backscatter communication program 640 with a step-by-step constellation fusion. The backscatter communication program 640 with a step-by-step constellation fusion can be executed by the processor 610, thereby implementing the backscatter communication method with a step-by-step constellation fusion of each embodiment of the present application.

[0111] In some embodiments, the processor 610 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other data processing chip, configured to execute program codes stored in the memory 620 or process data, such as executing a backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion.

[0112] In some embodiments, the display 630 can be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen. The display 630 is used to display information on the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration and to display a visual user interface. The components 610-630 of the backscatter communication device 600 with progressive constellation integration communicate with each other via a system bus.

[0113] In one embodiment, when the processor 610 executes the backscatter communication program 640 with progressive constellation fusion in the memory 620 , the steps in the above backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion are implemented.

[0114] This embodiment further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a backscatter communication program with a step-by-step constellation fusion. When the backscatter communication program with a step-by-step constellation fusion is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0115] Reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion;

[0116] The multiple signals to be transmitted are transmitted to the RIS array and fused with the backscattered signals to obtain a fused signal, and the fused signal is reflected to the receiving end;

[0117] Based on the SIC decoding framework, the received signal at the receiving end is decoded to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal.

[0118] In summary, the present invention provides a backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion, which reconstructs multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy the unique decomposition characteristic of progressive constellation fusion after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion. Unlike existing RIS-enabled ambient backscatter systems, this method utilizes the unique decomposition characteristic of progressive constellation fusion, allowing the signal source to fuse and transmit signals, improving spectrum utilization, reducing the complexity of the received signal form, and improving the decoding performance of the system. The multiple signals to be transmitted are transmitted to the RIS array and fused with the backscattered signal to obtain a fused signal, which is then reflected to the receiving end. This avoids decoding interference between the user signals and the backscattered signal, significantly improving transmission efficiency and reliability. The received signal at the receiving end is decoded based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain a fused signal, and user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal. This method comprehensively considers the problems of interference between signals and the high constellation order of the fused signal, and flexibly selects power coefficient allocation based on the number of user signals, effectively improving the transmission performance of the system.

[0119] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above method. The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, any type of disk, including a floppy disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a CD-ROM, a microdrive, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, a RAM, an EPROM, an EEPROM, a DRAM, a VRAM, a flash memory device, a magnetic card or an optical card, a nanosystem (including a molecular memory IC), or any type of medium or device suitable for storing instructions and / or data.

[0120] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0121] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0122] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some service interface, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be electrical or other forms.

[0123] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0124] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0125] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, which may include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0127] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the specification and practicing the disclosure herein, those skilled in the art will easily think of the implementation scheme of the present disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not recorded in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

[0128] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0129] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion, applied to a multi-stream symbiotic backscatter communication system, characterized in that: include: Reconstructing multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion; Transmitting the multiple signals to be transmitted to the RIS array and fusing them with the backscattered signals to obtain a fused signal, and reflecting the fused signal to the receiving end; The received signal at the receiving end is decoded based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signal, and the user signals are determined one by one from the fused signal.

2. The backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to claim 1, wherein: The step of reconstructing the plurality of user signals into a plurality of signals to be transmitted that satisfy the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused comprises: All user signals are reconstructed into a signal group to be transmitted that satisfies the unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused.

3. The backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to claim 2, wherein: The step of decoding the received signal at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signal, and determining the user signals one by one from the fused signal, includes: Decoding the received signal according to the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signal; The user signals are decomposed one by one from the fused signal based on unique decomposition characteristics.

4. The backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to claim 1, wherein: The step of reconstructing the plurality of user signals into a plurality of signals to be transmitted that satisfy the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused comprises: Divide all user signals into several user signal groups; The user signals in the same user signal group are reconstructed into signals to be transmitted that satisfy the step-by-step constellation fusion characteristic of having a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbols are multiplied and fused, thereby obtaining multiple groups of signals to be transmitted.

5. The backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to claim 4, wherein: Multiple groups of signals to be transmitted correspond to multiple groups of fused signals; the multiple groups of fused signals correspond to multiple groups of received signals; decoding the received signals at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signals, and determining the user signals one by one from the fused signals, including: Decoding each group of received signals in turn according to the SIC decoding framework to obtain a corresponding fused signal; The user signals are decomposed one by one from each group of fusion signals based on a unique decomposition characteristic.

6. The backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to claim 1, wherein: The step of decoding the received signal at the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signal, and determining the user signals one by one from the fused signal, further includes: Calculating a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) corresponding to the fused signal; If the signal to interference noise ratio is greater than a preset threshold, the decoding is successful; An optimal power allocation coefficient for the RIS array is determined based on the preset threshold.

7. The backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to claim 6, wherein: The determining the optimal power allocation coefficient of the RIS array based on the preset threshold comprises: Determine the reflection coefficient symbiosis restriction condition according to the reflection coefficient constraint condition; Optimization is performed based on the reflection coefficient symbiosis constraint condition to determine the optimal power distribution coefficient.

8. A backscatter communication device with progressive constellation fusion, applied to a multi-stream symbiotic backscatter communication system, characterized in that: include: A reconstruction module configured to reconstruct multiple user signals into multiple signals to be transmitted that satisfy a unique decomposition characteristic after constellation symbol multiplication and fusion; a fusion module configured to transmit the multiple signals to be transmitted to the RIS array and fuse them with the backscattered signal to obtain a fused signal, and reflect the fused signal to the receiving end; The decoding module is configured to decode the received signal of the receiving end based on the SIC decoding framework to obtain the fused signal, and determine the user signals one by one from the fused signal.

9. A backscatter communication device with progressive constellation fusion, characterized in that: The system comprises at least one processing unit and at least one storage unit, wherein the storage unit stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processing unit, the processing unit performs the steps of the backscatter communication method with progressive constellation fusion according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: It stores a computer program executable by an access authentication device. When the computer program runs on the access authentication device, the access authentication device executes the steps of the backscatter communication method with step-by-step constellation fusion according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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