Crop seed treatment method for simultaneous sowing and staggered seedling emergence
By crust and coating the corn seeds, the emergence period was delayed, and the problem of wasting resources in the existing technology was solved, and the emergence of seedlings during the wrong period was achieved, the cost of seedlings was reduced, and the efficiency was maintained. Bud rate.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411164959.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-23
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
In the process of corn seed making, meeting parents during this flowering period is the key, but the existing sowing method needs to be sown in multiple times, resulting in waste of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and it is difficult to meet the production needs of seedlings during the wrong period.
By clading the father's seeds, the emergence period is delayed by 3-10 days. Covering powder formulas such as bentonite, mica powder and diatomaceous earth are used, and adhesive is used to adhere to the seed surface and combined with coating treatment. , realize the emergence of seedlings during the staggered period of one-time sowing.
The crops have been sown at the same time, which has reduced the manpower, material and financial resources consumption in the seed production process, met the seed production needs, and did not affect the bud rate.
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Figure CN119111166A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop seed production, and in particular to a method for processing crop seeds that are sown in the same period but emerge at a different time. Background Art
[0002] After sowing, seeds of the same variety of crops generally germinate at the same time. Some varieties have relatively poor bud vigor and uneven germination, with a difference of about 1-2 days in germination time. However, in some cases, if seeds can germinate at different times, it can better meet the actual production needs. For example, when producing corn crops, whether the flowering period of the parents can meet is the key to the success of seed production. At present, in order to achieve the flowering period of the parents of corn, agriculture generally adopts the method of staggered sowing of parents, sowing the mother parent first and then the father parent (staggered 3-10 days), and in order to extend the pollen shedding period of the father parent, the father parent will be sown in 2-3 times. This sowing method will consume a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. Therefore, seed production companies urgently need a technology that can improve sowing efficiency to change this sowing method to save costs.
[0003] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for processing crop seeds with staggered emergence during simultaneous sowing. This method can solve the current difficulties of seed production companies by processing the male parent seeds, sowing them at one time, and delaying the emergence of the male parent by 3-10 days.
[0005] Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The invention provides a crop seed processing method, which sows male parent seeds and female parent seeds of crops at the same time, wherein the female parent seeds are not shelled, and the male parent seeds are shelled, so that the male parent seed emergence period is delayed by 3-10 days compared with the female parent seed emergence period.
[0006] Preferably, the crop is corn and / or rice.
[0007] Preferably, the shell powder formula used for shell treatment is: 15-25% bentonite, 60-70% mica powder, and 10-20% diatomaceous earth.
[0008] Preferably, the shell powder formula used for shell treatment is: 20% bentonite, 65% mica powder, and 15% diatomaceous earth.
[0009] Preferably, the method of shelling treatment is: using an adhesive to adhere the shelling powder to the surface of the seeds, and the adhesive is selected from at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic emulsion, polyurethane emulsion, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone emulsion.
[0010] Preferably, the method of encapsulation is: using a 3-30% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to adhere the encapsulation powder to the surface of the seeds.
[0011] Preferably, the seed weight increase ratio before and after coating is 0.2-0.5 times (low coating).
[0012] Preferably, the shelling treatment further includes a coating treatment.
[0013] Preferably, the coating treatment method comprises the following steps: spraying an atomized acrylic emulsion on the surface of the seeds, drying at 30-35° C.; repeating the treatment 3-10 times, and finally adding a coating agent and stirring.
[0014] The seeds of the present invention are firstly subjected to low-multiple shelling treatment (0.2-0.5 times) and then dried. After drying, the shelled seeds are repeatedly coated with an adhesive (acrylic emulsion) for 3-10 times. Each coating is followed by drying before the next coating. The effect of this treatment is relatively the best.
[0015] The present invention does not specifically limit the formula and source of the coating agent, and any commercially available coating agent that can be selected in the art can be used. For example, the coating agent can be purchased from Inpure (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., item number: R4101E. Alternatively, those skilled in the art can prepare it by themselves according to the following formula: 30-70% film former, 5-25% color paste, 5-20% pearl powder, 0-15% wax emulsion, 2-5% antifreeze, 0.1-0.5% rheological additive, 0.1-0.2% preservative and 5-15% water.
[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a crop seed processing method, wherein male and female seeds of crops are sown at the same time, the female seeds are not shelled, and the male seeds are shelled, so that the male seed emergence period is delayed by 3-10 days compared with the female seed emergence period. The method provided by the present invention does not need to sow the male and female seeds of crops in multiple times, and can also achieve staggered emergence of crops. While meeting the needs of crop seed production, it greatly reduces the manpower, material resources and financial resources of crop seed production, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be described below.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a rendering of the germination of Example 1 after sowing at the same time as in the CK laboratory.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a line graph of the germination rate results of each treatment group after seeds were sown at the same time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed in this specification are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values of each range, the endpoint values of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.
[0022] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific implementations", or "some specific implementations" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0023] In the examples provided in this specification, if no specific techniques or conditions are specified, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product instructions are used. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased through regular channels.
[0024] In the following examples, the shell powder formula is: bentonite 20%, mica powder 65%, diatomaceous earth 15%. Adhesive 1 refers to polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution. Adhesive 2 refers to acrylic emulsion. The coating agents are all purchased from Inpure (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., item number: R4101E.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the selected male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (15% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the shelling powder after the seeds are moistened, add liquid and powder at the same time, when the seeds increase to 0.3 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. Polish the coating layer until it is smooth and then take it out of the pot.
[0027] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0028] 3. After drying, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and at a speed of 30-40r / min, add adhesive 2 in about 10s and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5s and take it out of the pot.
[0029] 4. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0030] 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 8 times.
[0031] 6. After the treatment in step 5, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking out of the pot.
[0032] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the selected male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (15% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the shelling powder after the seeds are moistened, add liquid and powder at the same time, when the seeds increase to 1 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. Polish the coating layer until it is smooth and then take it out of the pot.
[0035] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0036] 3. After drying, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and at a speed of 30-40r / min, add adhesive 2 in about 10s and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5s and take it out of the pot.
[0037] 4. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0038] 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 6 times.
[0039] 6. After the treatment in step 5, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking out of the pot.
[0040] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0041] Example 3
[0042] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the selected male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (30% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the shelling powder after the seeds are moistened, add liquid and powder at the same time, when the seeds increase to 0.3 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. Polish the coating layer until it is smooth and then take it out of the pot.
[0043] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0044] 3. After drying, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and at a speed of 30-40r / min, add adhesive 1 in about 10s and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5s before taking it out of the pot.
[0045] 4. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0046] 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 8 times.
[0047] 6. After the treatment in step 5, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking out of the pot.
[0048] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0049] Example 4
[0050] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the cleaned male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (30% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min and fully atomize it on the seed surface, then rotate for 5s and take it out of the pot.
[0051] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0052] 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 3 times.
[0053] 4. In step 3, continue to add seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add adhesive 1 (30% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min. After the seeds are moistened, add the shelling powder, adding liquid and powder at the same time. When the seeds increase to 0.3 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. After the coating layer is polished and smooth, remove from the pot.
[0054] 5. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0055] 6. After drying, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and at a speed of 30-40r / min, add adhesive 2 in about 10s and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5s before taking it out of the pot.
[0056] 7. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0057] 8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 6 times.
[0058] 9. After the treatment in step 8, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking out of the pot.
[0059] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0060] Example 5
[0061] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the cleaned male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 2 at a speed of 30-40r / min and fully atomize it on the seed surface, add a small amount of shelling powder to prevent the seeds from sticking, and rotate for about 5s.
[0062] 2. Repeat step 1 10 times.
[0063] 3. After the treatment in step 2, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking it out of the pot.
[0064] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0065] Example 6
[0066] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the selected male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (30% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the shelling powder after the seeds are moistened, add liquid and powder at the same time, when the seeds increase to 0.3 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. Polish the coating layer until it is smooth and then take it out of the pot.
[0067] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0068] 3. After drying, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and at a speed of 30-40r / min, add adhesive 2 in about 10s and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5s and take it out of the pot.
[0069] 4. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0070] 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 8 times.
[0071] 6. After the treatment in step 5, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking out of the pot.
[0072] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0073] Example 7
[0074] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the selected male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (30% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the shelling powder after the seeds are moistened, add liquid and powder at the same time, when the seeds increase to 0.3 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. Polish the coating layer until it is smooth and then take it out of the pot.
[0075] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0076] 3. After drying, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the coating agent in about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking it out of the pot.
[0077] 4. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0078] 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 10 times.
[0079] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0080] Example 8
[0081] This embodiment provides a seed processing method, wherein the male parent seeds are shelled and coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the selected male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 1 (30% polyvinyl alcohol) at a speed of 30-40r / min, add the shelling powder after the seeds are moistened, add liquid and powder at the same time, when the seeds increase to 0.3 times of their original weight, stop adding liquid and powder, and continue to rotate the machine for 1 minute. Polish the coating layer until it is smooth and then take it out of the pot.
[0082] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 40℃.
[0083] 3. After drying, pour the seeds into the adhesive 2 solution and quickly soak them, then take them out and dry them.
[0084] 4. After the treatment in step 3, add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking out of the pot.
[0085] In this embodiment, the female parent seeds are not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0086] Comparative Example 1
[0087] This comparative example provides a seed treatment method, wherein the male parent seeds are coated, and the specific steps are as follows: 1. Add the cleaned male seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, add adhesive 2 at a speed of 30-40r / min and fully atomize it on the seed surface, then rotate for 5s and take it out of the pot.
[0088] 2. After taking the seeds out of the pot, dry them at 30-35℃.
[0089] 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 10 times.
[0090] 4. After the treatment in step 3, continue to add the seeds into the coating pot, start the machine, and add the coating agent at a speed of 30-40r / min for about 10 seconds and fully atomize it on the surface of the seeds, then rotate for 5 seconds before taking it out of the pot.
[0091] In this comparative example, the female parent seeds were not subjected to coating and shelling treatment.
[0092] Experimental Example 1
[0093] This experimental example tests the germination rate of the male parent seeds in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1. The germination conditions for the germination rate test are: 20°C, 16h, dark; 30°C, 8h, light; the sowing method is: sowing in the matrix in the germination box, the matrix ratio is peat soil: vermiculite = 3:1; the number of repetitions and sowings is 50 seeds × 4.
[0094] Figure 1 This is a picture showing the germination of the seedlings after sowing in the same period in Example 1 and the CK laboratory. Figure 1 It can be seen that when the male corn seeds treated by the Example 1 group were sown simultaneously with the CK, the germination of the seeds treated by the Example 1 group was significantly slowed down, and the germination could be delayed by about 7-8 days.
[0095] The bud rate test results of each treatment group are shown in Table 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Table 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that after different treatments, the male corn seeds can be sown at the same time as the CK seedling emergence time, which can be delayed by 3-10 days without causing significant impact on the germination rate.
[0096] Table 1
[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. Crop seed treatment methods, It is characterized in that The male parent seeds and the female parent seeds of the crop are sown at the same time, the female parent seeds are not shelled, and the male parent seeds are shelled, so that the male parent seeds are delayed by 3-10 days in emergence period compared with the female parent seeds.
2. The crop seed processing method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The crops are corn and / or rice.
3. The crop seed processing method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The formula of the coating powder used for coating treatment is: 15-25% bentonite, 60-70% mica powder, and 10-20% diatomaceous earth.
4. The crop seed processing method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The formula of the coating powder used for coating treatment is: 20% bentonite, 65% mica powder, and 15% diatomaceous earth.
5. The crop seed processing method according to claim 3 or 4, It is characterized in that The method of shelling treatment is: using an adhesive to adhere the shelling powder to the surface of the seeds, and the adhesive is selected from at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic emulsion, polyurethane emulsion, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone emulsion.
6. The crop seed processing method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The method of coating is: using 3-30% polyvinyl alcohol to adhere the coating powder to the surface of the seeds.
7. The crop seed processing method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The seed weight gain ratio before and after coating treatment is 0.2-0.5 times.
8. The crop seed processing method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The shelling process also includes coating process.
9. The crop seed processing method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The coating treatment method comprises the following steps: spraying atomized acrylic emulsion on the surface of seeds, drying at 30-35°C; repeating the treatment 3-10 times, and finally adding a coating agent and stirring.
10. The crop seed processing method according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The coating agent has a formula of: 30-70% film former, 5-25% color paste, 5-20% pearl powder, 0-15% wax emulsion, 2-5% antifreeze, 0.1-0.5% rheological additive, 0.1-0.2% preservative and 5-15% water.