A conformal polishing device for the inner surface of special-shaped holes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole. The device includes a first working room, a hollow pneumatic rotary joint located in the first working room, a second working room located opposite the first working room, an expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism and a positioning device, a high-pressure water pipe, and a control center located in the second working room. Several groups of air guide channels are provided in the hollow pneumatic rotary joint, and each air guide channel is provided with a solenoid valve that individually controls the on / off of each air guide channel. The air inlet of the air guide channel is provided in the stator portion of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint and is connected to the gas cylinder via a two-way air pump. The air outlet of the air guide channel is provided on the rotor of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint. The present invention uses a two-way air pump to inflate an airbag, which expands and drives the rotating nozzle to move toward the inner surface of the workpiece. This can adapt to the processing of special-shaped holes with different inner diameters and variable inner diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed water jet polishing in surface treatment, in particular to a conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the fields of machinery, medicine, aviation and chemistry have developed rapidly, resulting in increasing requirements for polishing processing technology of various parts. Among mechanical parts, parts with complex shapes processed on the inner surface, such as large diameter ratio, stepped holes and special-shaped holes, account for about 1 / 3 of the total mechanical processing. The quality of inner surface processing has an important impact on the performance and life of parts and their products. However, the manual polishing technology commonly used at present is mainly used to deal with minor defects generated in the heat treatment process. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also inefficient. Manual polishing can usually only process the two ends of the pipe, but cannot effectively process the inner surface of the entire metal special-shaped hole. Although it has a certain effect, it still cannot meet the actual use needs.

[0003] Most current tubular parts have complex shapes, such as large diameters, stepped holes, and irregularly shaped holes. Existing polishing equipment often struggles to adapt to the varying inner diameters of irregularly shaped holes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more efficient polishing technologies to address these challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Because existing polishing equipment struggles to adapt to irregularly shaped holes with varying inner diameters, the present invention provides a conformal polishing device for the inner surfaces of irregularly shaped holes. This device uses a bidirectional air pump to inflate an airbag, which inflates and drives a rotating nozzle toward the inner surface of the workpiece, adapting to the machining of irregularly shaped holes with varying inner diameters and variable diameters.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole comprises a first working room, a pneumatic rotary joint located in the first working room, a second working room located opposite the first working room, an expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism and a positioning device located in the second working room, a high-pressure water pipe, and a control center;

[0007] Several groups of air guide channels are provided in the pneumatic rotary joint, each of which is equipped with a solenoid valve that controls the opening and closing of each air guide channel individually. The air inlet of the air guide channel is provided on the stator of the pneumatic rotary joint and is connected to the gas cylinder through a two-way air pump. The air outlet of the air guide channel is provided on the rotor of the pneumatic rotary joint.

[0008] The high-pressure water pipe axially passes through the rotation centerline of the rotor portion of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint, one end of which extends into the second working chamber, and the other end of which is connected to the water tank through an external water pipe, and the high-pressure water pipe and the external water pipe are connected through a rotary joint; a hydraulic pump is provided between the high-pressure water pipe and the water tank;

[0009] The expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism includes a propulsion nozzle, a spring, a pressure sensor, a rotating nozzle, an airbag, a metal sheet, a position sensor, a bellows, and a nozzle body. The nozzle body is a hollow structure and is connected to the high-pressure water pipe. Several propulsion nozzles are fixed to the end of the nozzle body and are connected to the internal cavity of the nozzle body.

[0010] Several axially arranged airbags are coated on the outside of the nozzle body, and pressure sensors are installed inside the airbags. Each airbag is connected to an outlet of the air guide channel through a retractable air guide tube. The maximum length of the retractable air guide tube after extension is not less than the distance from the end of the workpiece away from the hollow pneumatic rotary joint to the hollow pneumatic rotary joint. The number of the air guide channels is the same as the number of airbags.

[0011] A metal sheet is provided on the outside of the airbag, and adjacent metal sheets are connected by springs. The metal sheets near the two ends of the nozzle body are also connected to the nozzle body via springs. Several position sensors and rotating nozzles are mounted on the outer surface of the metal sheet and correspond to the positions of the airbags. The rotating nozzle is connected to the internal cavity of the nozzle body via a bellows.

[0012] The control center is connected with the electromagnetic valve, the two-way air pump, the hydraulic pump, the pressure sensor and the position sensor signals.

[0013] Furthermore, there are four airbags, and four metal sheets are arranged on the outer circumference of each airbag; and four rotating nozzles are correspondingly arranged for each airbag.

[0014] Furthermore, two rotating nozzles are respectively arranged facing the top and bottom of each airbag.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of the propulsion nozzles is 2; the high-pressure water pipe is connected to the second working chamber in a sliding and sealing manner; and the high-pressure water pipe is connected to the external water pipe via a rotary joint.

[0016] Furthermore, a three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve is provided between the air inlet and the gas cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, one end of the first working chamber is detachably connected to a first end cover, a threaded hole is provided on the pneumatic rotary joint, and the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to the first end cover via bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the second working chamber is detachably connected to a second end cover; a sealing ring is provided between the second end cover and the end surface of the second working chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the second end cover is mounted on the second working chamber by means of bolts.

[0020] Furthermore, the first working room and the second working room are fixed on a fixing frame, and the fixing frame is fixed on the ground; the inner cavity of the second working room includes a large cavity and a small cavity that are interconnected, the workpiece is clamped in the large cavity, and the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism is movably arranged in the small cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, a drain outlet communicating with the outside is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the inner cavity of the second working chamber; the drain outlet is communicated with the water tank, and a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the control center signal is provided between the drain outlet and the water tank.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention uses a bidirectional air pump to inflate the airbag, causing the airbag to expand and drive the rotating nozzle to move toward the inner surface of the workpiece, thereby adapting to the processing of special-shaped holes with different inner diameters and variable inner diameters. In addition, the position sensor of the present invention detects in real time the distance between the outer surface of the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism and the inner surface of the special-shaped hole of the workpiece and transmits the distance signal to the control center. The control center obtains the corresponding air pressure value of the airbag based on the distance signal and guides the injection of the corresponding internal air pressure of the airbag based on the air pressure value. The pressure sensor detects the internal air pressure of the airbag in real time and stops injecting gas when the real-time detected air pressure reaches the pressure value. This allows the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism to always adhere to the inner surface of the special-shaped hole during polishing, achieving a "shape-following" effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the device for polishing the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged view of the mid-expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism. The metal sheet is shown in perspective to facilitate the positioning of the airbag and bellows.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the medium-expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism.

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Right view of .

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Top view of .

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Enlarged three-dimensional structure diagram of the hollow rotary joint.

[0030] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Right view of .

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Top view of .

[0032] In the figure, 1. first end cover, 2. first working room, 3. pneumatic rotary joint, 4. second working room, 5. positioning device, 6. workpiece, 7. second end cover, 8. sealing ring, 9. bolt, 10. drain outlet, 11. high-pressure water pipe, 12. retractable air guide tube, 13. expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism, 14. hydraulic pump, 15. two-way air pump, 16. three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 17. two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 18. water tank, 19. gas cylinder, 20. control center, 21. fixing bracket, 31. propulsion nozzle, 32. spring, 33. pressure sensor, 34. rotating nozzle, 35. air bag, 36. metal sheet, 37. position sensor, 39. bellows, 40. nozzle body, 51. air outlet, 52. air inlet, 53. threaded hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments of the drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a specific embodiment of the conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole described in the present invention. The polishing device includes a first studio 2, a hollow pneumatic rotary joint 3 located in the first studio 2, a second studio 4 located opposite the first studio 2, an expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 and a positioning device 5, a high-pressure water pipe 11, and a control center 20 located in the second studio 4. The positioning device 5 is used to clamp the workpiece 6, the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 is used to process the hole to be processed in the workpiece 6, and the workpiece 6 and the hollow pneumatic rotary joint 3 are respectively distributed on both sides of the axial direction of the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13, and the central axes of the three are collinear. The first studio 2 and the second studio 4 are fixed on a fixing frame 21, and the fixing frame 21 is fixed to the ground by bolts, so that the first studio 2 and the second studio 4 are placed horizontally.

[0035] One end of the first working chamber 2 is detachably connected to the first end cover 1, and a threaded hole 53 is provided on the air pneumatic rotary joint 3, and the air pneumatic rotary joint 3 is connected to the first end cover 1 by bolts. The first end cover 1 can be removed and the air pneumatic rotary joint 3 can be installed, and then the first end cover 1 can be installed to the first working chamber 2 to realize the installation of the air pneumatic rotary joint 3. The air pneumatic rotary joint 3 is a transition connection sealing device for inputting the gas medium from the static system to the dynamic rotating system, and includes two parts, a stator and a rotor. In this embodiment, the stator part is installed on the first end cover 1. Several groups of air guide channels are provided in the air pneumatic rotary joint 3, and the air guide channels are provided with solenoid valves that individually control the on and off of each air guide channel, and the solenoid valves are connected to the control center 20 signals. A solenoid valve can be provided for each air guide channel, or a solenoid valve with multiple channels that can individually control the on and off of the channels can be used to make each air guide channel work independently. Combined with Figure 6-Figure 8 The air inlet 52 of the air guide channel is located in the stator portion of the pneumatic rotary joint 3 and is connected to the gas cylinder 19. A two-way air pump 15 is provided between the air inlet 52 and the gas cylinder 19, and the two-way air pump 15 is connected to the control center 20 by signal. A three-position, three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 16 is provided between the air inlet 52 and the gas cylinder 19. The three-position, three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 16 is used to control the on-off of the main air circuit. The gas delivery pipeline sequentially connects the gas cylinder 19, the two-way air pump 15, the three-position, three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the pneumatic rotary joint 3, and the airbag 35. Since the two-way air pump 15 can operate in both directions, it can inflate and deflate the airbag 35. Starting the two-way air pump 15 and opening the three-position, three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 16 and the electromagnetic valve on the corresponding air inlet 52 or outlet 51 can achieve inflation of the corresponding airbag 35, allowing the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 to adapt to different inner diameters and special-shaped holes with variable inner diameters. A through hole is formed on the top of the side wall of the first working chamber 2 for passing a pipeline for conveying gas through the pneumatic rotary joint 3. An air outlet 51 of the air guide channel is provided on the rotor of the pneumatic rotary joint 3.

[0036] The high-pressure water pipe 11 axially passes through the rotation centerline of the rotor portion of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint 3. One end extends into the second working chamber 4 and communicates with the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13. The other end communicates with the water tank 18 through an external water pipe, and the high-pressure water pipe 11 and the external water pipe are rotatably connected. In a specific embodiment, the high-pressure water pipe 11 and the external water pipe are connected by a rotary joint to achieve the connection between the rotating high-pressure water pipe 11 and the non-rotating external water pipe; and the high-pressure water pipe 11 and the rotor portion of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint 3 can be relatively movable, specifically relatively movable. The sliding sealing connection between the high-pressure water pipe 11 and the second working chamber 4 can adopt existing commonly used sliding sealing methods, such as labyrinth seals and packing seals, to prevent water in the second working chamber 4 from leaking from the connection between it and the high-pressure water pipe 11. A hydraulic pump 14 is provided between the high-pressure water pipe 11 and the water tank 18, and the hydraulic pump 14 is connected to the control center 20 for signal communication. The water tank 18 is filled with water. By starting the hydraulic pump 14, the water in the water tank 18 can be transported to the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13, and then a high-speed water jet is formed by the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 to polish the surface to be processed of the workpiece 6. When the polishing is completed, the control center 20 controls the hydraulic pump 14 to stop working.

[0037] One end of the second studio 4 is detachably connected to a second end cover 7. A sealing ring 8 is provided between the second end cover 7 and the end face of the second studio 4 to achieve sealing, and the second end cover 7 is mounted on the second studio 4 by bolts 9. When it is necessary to clamp the workpiece 6, the second end cover 7 is first removed, the workpiece 6 is clamped on the positioning device 5, and then the second end cover 7 is installed, so that the workpiece 6 can be installed in the second studio 4 to wait for processing, and after the workpiece 6 is installed, the center axis of the special-shaped hole of the workpiece 6 is collinear with the center axis of the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13, and the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 faces the special-shaped hole of the workpiece 6. The inner cavity of the second studio 4 includes a large cavity and a small cavity that are interconnected. The workpiece 6 is clamped in the large cavity. The initial position of the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 is located in the small cavity and the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 can move in the small cavity. A gap is left between the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 and the inner wall of the small cavity. In the initial state, there is no contact between the special-shaped hole of the workpiece 6 and the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13. A drain port 10, communicating with the outside world, is located at the bottom of the sidewall of the second working chamber 4. This drain port 10 is connected to a water tank 18. A two-position, three-way solenoid directional valve 17, signal-connected to a control center 20, is located between the two ports. When this valve 17 is opened, the water in the second working chamber 4 flows back into the water tank 18 due to gravity. Once all the water in the second working chamber 4 has flowed back, the valve 17 can be closed.

[0038] like Figure 2-Figure 5As shown, the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 includes a propulsion nozzle 31, a spring 32, a pressure sensor 33, a rotating nozzle 34, an airbag 35, a metal sheet 36, a position sensor 37, a bellows 39, and a nozzle body 40. The nozzle body 40 is a hollow structure and is connected to the high-pressure water pipe 11. Several propulsion nozzles 31 are fixed to the end of the nozzle body 40 and communicate with the internal cavity of the nozzle body 40. Specifically, the propulsion nozzles 31 are arranged on the nozzle body 40 near the end of the high-pressure water pipe 11, and there are two propulsion nozzles 31. The hydraulic pump 14 pumps water from the water tank 18, which is then injected into the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 through the high-pressure water pipe 11. A portion of the high-pressure water is ejected through the propulsion nozzle 31. Under the action of the reaction force, the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 moves along its axis.

[0039] Several axially arranged airbags 35 are encased on the exterior of the nozzle body 40. Pressure sensors 33 are located within the airbags 35 and are connected to the control center 20. The pressure sensors 33 detect the internal air pressure of the airbags 35 and transmit the real-time pressure signal to the control center 20. The control center 20 maintains a correspondence between distance signals and pressure signals. Based on the distance signal detected by the position sensor 37, the control center 20 determines a pressure value and uses this pressure value to guide the injection of air into the corresponding airbag 35. Gas injection ceases when the real-time pressure reaches this value. In a specific embodiment, four airbags 35 are provided, each housing a pressure sensor 33, for a total of four pressure sensors 33. Each airbag 35 communicates with an air outlet 51 of the air channel via a retractable air tube 12. The maximum length of the retractable air tube 12, when extended, is no less than the distance from the end of the workpiece 6 distal to the pneumatic rotary joint 3 to the pneumatic rotary joint 3. In a specific embodiment, the retractable air tube 12 can be constructed of a retractable structure, such as a bellows, or made of a retractable material. A sufficiently long retractable air tube 12 can avoid interfering with the movement of the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13. Furthermore, the rotation of the rotor of the pneumatic rotary joint 3 can prevent the retractable air tube 12 from becoming entangled. The number of air channels is the same as the number of airbags 35.

[0040] A thin metal plate 36 is disposed on the outside of the airbag 35, and adjacent thin metal plates 36 are connected by springs 32. The thin metal plates 36 near the ends of the nozzle body 40 are also connected to the nozzle body 40 via springs 32. In a specific embodiment, four thin metal plates 36 are disposed on the outer circumference of each airbag 35, for a total of 16 thin metal plates 36. When the airbag 35 is inflated and expanded, the thin metal plates 36 corresponding to the position of the inflated airbag 35 will be displaced away from the nozzle body 40 due to the connection between adjacent thin metal plates 36 by springs 32 to accommodate holes of different inner diameters to be processed. Several position sensors 37 and rotating nozzles 34 are mounted on the outer surfaces of the thin metal plates 36 and correspond to the positions of the airbags 35. The position sensors 37 are connected to the control center 20 by signals. The position sensors 37 can detect the distance between the outer surface of the inflated high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 and the inner surface of the workpiece 6 and transmit the real-time detected distance signal to the control center 20. The rotating nozzle 34 is connected to the internal cavity of the nozzle body 40 through the bellows 39, forming a high-pressure water flow channel from the internal cavity of the nozzle body 40 to the bellows 39 to the rotating nozzle 34. In a specific embodiment, four rotating nozzles 34 are provided for each airbag 35, and the four rotating nozzles 34 are arranged so that two rotating nozzles 34 are provided facing the top and bottom of each airbag 35. When the airbag 35 is inflated, the metal sheet 36 is displaced away from the nozzle body 40. Since the bellows 39 are retractable, they drive the rotating nozzle 34 to move closer to the inner surface of the workpiece 6 to accommodate the processing of irregular holes with different inner diameters and variable inner diameters. This allows the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 to adhere to the inner surface of the irregular hole during polishing, achieving a "shape-following" effect.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-8 Before the conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole begins operation, the workpiece 6 is first positioned within the large chamber of the working chamber 4 using the positioning device 5. The second working chamber 4 is then connected to the second end cap 7 using bolts 9, and sealed with a sealing ring 8. The first working chamber 2 is also bolted to the first end cap 1. The airbag 35 of the inflated high-pressure water jet mechanism is deflated, and the inflated high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 is located within the small chamber of the working chamber 4 before operation begins.

[0042] At the start of work, the control center 20 sends a signal to control the hydraulic pump 14 to start. The hydraulic pump 14 pumps out the water in the water tank 18, and the water is then injected into the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 through the high-pressure water pipe 11. Part of the high-pressure water is ejected through the propulsion nozzle 31. Under the action of the reaction force, the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 will move along its axial direction. The other part of the high-pressure water is connected to the rotating nozzle 34 through the bellows 39. The rotating nozzle 34 ejects a high-pressure water jet, which can perform rotational polishing on all sides of the inner surface of the special-shaped hole.

[0043] The control center 20 controls the two-way air pump 15 to open, and at the same time opens the three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 16. The gas is connected to the air inlet 52 at the lower end of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint 3 through the pipeline, and then injected into the air bag 35 of the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 through the retractable air guide tube 12 connected to the air outlet 51 at the upper end of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint 3. When the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism 13 moves into the special-shaped hole, the position sensor 37 on the metal sheet 36 outside the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism starts to work, and transmits the real-time detected distance signal between the inner surface and the inner surface back to the control center 20 through the control line. The pressure sensor 33 transmits the real-time pressure signal in the air bag 35 back to the control center 20. The control center 20 controls the pressure value injected into each air bag 35 by setting different pressure values ​​corresponding to different distances, thereby realizing the function of shape-matching polishing of the expanded high-pressure water jet mechanism 13.

[0044] After the set time has elapsed, the machining process is complete. The control center 20 shuts off the hydraulic pump 14 and opens the two-position, three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 17. The water in the large chamber of the second working chamber 4 flows back into the water tank 18 due to gravity. The control center 20 controls the two-way air pump 15 to reverse direction, pumping the gas flow c from the airbag 35 back into the gas cylinder 19. The high-pressure water pipe 11 connected to the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism is then manually pulled back until it resets. Finally, the bolts 9 are loosened, the second end cap 7 is opened, and the machined workpiece 6 is removed.

[0045] The examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole, characterized by: It comprises a first working room (2), a hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3) located in the first working room (2), a second working room (4) located opposite the first working room (2), an expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism (13) and a positioning device (5) located in the second working room (4), a high-pressure water pipe (11), and a control center (20); A plurality of groups of air guide channels are provided in the hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3), and a solenoid valve is provided on the air guide channel for individually controlling the on / off of each air guide channel; an air inlet (52) of the air guide channel is provided on the stator portion of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3) and is connected to the gas cylinder (19) via a two-way air pump (15); and an air outlet (51) of the air guide channel is provided on the rotor of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3); The high-pressure water pipe (11) axially passes through the rotation center line of the rotor portion of the hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3), one end of which extends into the second working chamber (4), and the other end of which is connected to the water tank (18) through an external water pipe, and the high-pressure water pipe (11) and the external water pipe are connected through a rotary joint; a hydraulic pump (14) is provided between the high-pressure water pipe (11) and the water tank (18); The expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism (13) includes a propulsion nozzle (31), a spring (32), a pressure sensor (33), a rotating nozzle (34), an air bag (35), a metal sheet (36), a position sensor (37), a bellows (39), and a nozzle body (40). The nozzle body (40) is a hollow structure and is connected to the high-pressure water pipe (11). A plurality of propulsion nozzles (31) are fixed to the end of the nozzle body (40) and are connected to the internal cavity of the nozzle body (40). A plurality of axially arranged air bags (35) are coated on the outside of the nozzle body (40), and a pressure sensor (33) is provided inside the air bag (35); each air bag (35) is connected to an air outlet (51) of the air guide channel through a retractable air guide tube (12), and the maximum length of the retractable air guide tube (12) after extension is not less than the distance from the end of the workpiece (6) away from the hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3) to the hollow pneumatic rotary joint (3); the number of the air guide channels is the same as the number of the air bags (35); A metal sheet (36) is provided outside the airbag (35), and adjacent metal sheets (36) are connected by springs (32). The metal sheets (36) near both ends of the nozzle body (40) are connected to the nozzle body (40) by springs (32). A plurality of position sensors (37) and a rotating nozzle (34) are mounted on the outer surface of the metal sheet (36) and correspond to the positions of the airbag (35). The rotating nozzle (34) is connected to the internal cavity of the nozzle body (40) through a bellows (39). The control center (20) is connected to the electromagnetic valve, the two-way air pump (15), the hydraulic pump (14), the pressure sensor (33), and the position sensor (37) for signal transmission.

2. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four airbags (35) are provided, and four metal thin plates (36) are provided on the outer circumference of each airbag (35); and four rotating nozzles (34) are correspondingly provided for each airbag (35).

3. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two rotating nozzles (34) are respectively provided facing the top and bottom of each air bag (35).

4. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the propulsion nozzles (31) is two; the high-pressure water pipe (11) is connected to the second working chamber (4) in a sliding and sealing manner; and the high-pressure water pipe (11) is connected to the external water pipe via a rotary joint.

5. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A three-position, three-way electromagnetic reversing valve (16) is provided between the air inlet (52) and the gas cylinder (19).

6. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first working chamber (2) is detachably connected to a first end cover (1); a threaded hole (53) is provided on the pneumatic rotary joint (3); and the pneumatic rotary joint (3) is connected to the first end cover (1) via bolts.

7. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second working chamber (4) is detachably connected to a second end cover (7); a sealing ring (8) is provided between the second end cover (7) and the end surface of the second working chamber (4).

8. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second end cover (7) is mounted on the second working chamber (4) via bolts (9).

9. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first working chamber (2) and the second working chamber (4) are fixed on a fixing frame (21), and the fixing frame (21) is fixed on the ground; the inner cavity of the second working chamber (4) includes a large cavity and a small cavity that are interconnected, the workpiece (6) is clamped in the large cavity, and the expansion high-pressure water jet mechanism (13) is movably arranged in the small cavity.

10. The conformal polishing device for the inner surface of a special-shaped hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain port (10) communicating with the outside is provided at the bottom of the inner side wall of the second working chamber (4); the drain port (10) is communicated with the water tank (18), and a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve (17) connected to a control center (20) signal is provided between the drain port (10) and the water tank (18).

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