A kind of acoustic wave detection device and method for hollowing of murals

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses an acoustic wave detection device and method for mural hollowing, studies the mural hollowing disease, provides quantifiable reference data for mural health diagnosis, restoration and protection, and relates to the field of non-destructive testing technology. The acoustic wave detection device includes: an acoustic wave detection mechanism, a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry; the lifting and translation mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and the acoustic wave detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism; wherein the acoustic wave detection mechanism includes: a bottom plate, an acoustic wave emitting device, a ranging device, a first control device, and a second control device; a first support plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the bottom plate, and a second support plate is fixedly installed on the upper part, and a partition is provided between the first support plate and the second support plate. The embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the detection scenario of mural hollowing disease.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and in particular to an acoustic wave detection device and method for hollowing of murals. Background Art

[0002] As a treasure of historical culture, murals contain rich historical information on humanities, religion, economy, life, etc. However, after thousands of years of wind and rain, the murals have different degrees of damage, among which cracking, peeling, pigment layer shedding, blisters, fissures, salt frost, and alkali can be seen directly, while mural hollowing disease mainly occurs between the base layer and the support. Due to the loss or weakening of the bonding performance, the base layer is partially separated from the support, which is not directly visible in the mural disease. In addition, hollowing disease can cause cracks and bulges on the surface of the mural, resulting in large-scale shedding of the mural, which is not conducive to the scientific protection of the mural. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct scientific and reasonable research on the defect characteristics of mural hollowing disease to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and protection of mural cultural relics;

[0003] Practice has shown that the traditional method of knocking on the wall to identify the sound is very practical and efficient in judging whether the mural has hollowing disease. However, the current method of knocking on the wall to identify the sound relies on personal inference, which is greatly influenced by subjectivity and is prone to misjudgment in the process of sound identification. Different from the direct detection method of knocking, the mural is stimulated by sound waves, and the response of the mural at different frequencies is studied. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes an acoustic wave detection device and method for mural hollowing, which can study the response of murals at different frequencies and provide a quantifiable reference for the health diagnosis, restoration and protection of murals.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides an acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals, the device comprising: an acoustic wave detection mechanism, a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry; the lifting and translation mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and the acoustic wave detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism; wherein the acoustic wave detection mechanism comprises: a bottom plate, an acoustic wave transmitting device, a distance measuring device, a first control device, and a second control device; a first support plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the bottom plate, and a second support plate is fixedly installed on the upper part, and a partition is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate; the acoustic wave transmitting device is fixedly connected to the first support plate, the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition, and the front end of the distance measuring device and the front end of the acoustic wave directional device are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second support plate, the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition, the first control device is electrically connected to the acoustic wave transmitting device, and the second control device is electrically connected to the distance measuring device.

[0007] Optionally, the sound wave emitting device comprises: a cylinder, a speaker, a sound wave directing device, and a power amplifier; the cylinder is arranged between the first support plate and the partition plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate; the speaker and the sound wave directing device are an integrated structure, arranged inside the cylinder, and both ends penetrate the outer surface of the cylinder; the front end of the sound wave directing device and the front end of the ranging device are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate;

[0008] The sound wave emitting device also includes: a sliding module; the sliding module includes: a push rod, a sliding platform, a sliding platform fixing part and a cylinder; the push rod is slidably connected to the sliding platform, and can be used to assist the sound wave directional device to realize the sound wave emission distance control; the sliding platform is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing part and the cylinder, the sliding platform fixing part and the cylinder are an integrated structure, and are electrically connected to the second control device; the sliding module is arranged between the sound wave emitting device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing part.

[0009] Optionally, the speaker and the sound wave directing device are an integrated structure, extending out of both sides of the cylinder, and limiting members are provided on both sides; a return spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder; the sound wave directing device extends out of the outer surface of the cylinder through the return spring, and the power amplifier is installed on the outer surface of the cylinder.

[0010] Optionally, a first buffer pad is provided on the sound wave directing device at a position in contact with the return spring, and a second buffer pad is provided at a position in contact with the left limit member, for buffering the movement of the speaker and the sound wave directing device.

[0011] Optionally, the sound wave detection mechanism also includes: a data acquisition device; the data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjustment module, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjustment module, and is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the sound wave detection equipment for mural hollowing, and is connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect sound wave data through the sensor while the first control device controls the sound wave emitting device to emit sound waves to detect murals.

[0012] Optionally, the sensor fixing and adjustment module includes: a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting piece, a fastener, and a sensor fixing component; the base is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and a fixing groove connected to the first connecting rod is arranged on the base; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting piece; the second connecting rod is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting piece; the sensor fixing component is connected to the second connecting rod for fixing the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fasteners are arranged on the sides of the fixing groove and at both ends of the connecting piece for fastening the connecting rod.

[0013] Optionally, the lifting and translation mechanism includes: a slide rail, a lifting component, a translation component and a motor; the motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the slide rail and is electrically connected to the first control device; the slide rail includes a vertical slide rail and a horizontal slide rail, and the lifting component is connected to the vertical slide rail; the translation component is connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail through the lifting component; the lifting component and the translation component are also connected to a motor that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

[0014] Optionally, the gantry is a profile, and corner seats are fixedly connected at the four corners of the gantry for connecting the profile; universal wheels are fixedly connected on both sides of the bottom of the gantry for achieving free movement of the acoustic wave detection equipment for hollowing of murals.

[0015] Optionally, the first support plate, the partition plate and the second support plate are fixed by columns.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for detecting hollow walls in murals using acoustic waves;

[0017] Optionally, the grid size is determined according to the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, the mural area to be tested is divided into grids according to the grid size, and the horizontal and vertical moving distances of the acoustic wave detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism are determined;

[0018] Optionally, the acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals is moved to the front of the mural area to be detected, and the front end of the acoustic wave directional device is adjusted to align with the center of the first target detection grid at a target distance; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the front end of the acoustic wave directional device and the mural to be detected;

[0019] Optionally, the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid is obtained by a distance measuring device, and the moving distance of the acoustic wave orientation device is adjusted according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid, so that the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid is the target distance;

[0020] Optionally, a sound wave transmitting device and a data collecting device are started to transmit sound waves with a specific waveform and a specific frequency range to the murals in the first target detection grid one by one and collect data;

[0021] Optionally, after the first target detection grid is completed, the next target detection grid is moved according to a predetermined moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, the sound wave is emitted and sampled according to the target distance, so that the position of each emitted sound wave is fixed until the sound wave emission and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed;

[0022] Optionally, the collected data is processed to obtain damage indicators corresponding to all target detection grids, and a mural hollowing disease defect map is drawn according to the damage indicators corresponding to each grid.

[0023] The invention provides an acoustic wave detection device and method for hollowing of a mural. An acoustic wave detection mechanism is fixedly connected with a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry in sequence. The acoustic wave detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate, an acoustic wave transmitting device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device. The acoustic wave detection mechanism moves its position through the lifting and translation mechanism to facilitate better data collection. The first control device controls the acoustic wave transmitting device to operate, and the second control device controls the distance measuring device to collect and analyze data, so as to draw a hollowing defect map of the mural. Thus, the mural is stimulated by the acoustic wave detection mechanism, the response of the mural at different frequencies is studied, and a quantitative evaluation method corresponding to the actual situation is given. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of an acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an acoustic wave detection mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sound wave emitting device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A right side view of a sound wave emitting device provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a sound wave emitting device provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals provided by yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A flow chart of a method for detecting hollow walls by acoustic waves provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a mural acoustic wave detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] In the figure: 1, sound wave detection mechanism; 2, lifting and translation mechanism; 3, gantry; 4, bottom plate; 5, sound wave emitting device; 6, distance measuring device; 7, first control device; 8, second control device; 9, first support plate; 10, second support plate; 11, partition; 12, through hole; 13, cylinder; 14, speaker; 15, sound wave directional device; 16, sliding module; 17, push rod; 18, sliding platform; 19, sliding platform fixing part; 20, cylinder; 21, limiter; 211, limit pin hole; 212, limit ring; 22, reset spring; 23, power amplifier; 24, first buffer pad; 25, second buffer pad; 26, sensor fixing and adjustment module; 27, base; 271, fixing groove; 28, first connecting rod; 29, second connecting rod; 30, connecting piece; 31, fastener; 311, first fastening screw; 312, steering screw; 313, second fastening screw; 32, sensor fixing part; 33, slide rail; 331, vertical slide rail; 332, horizontal slide rail; 34, lifting part; 35, translation part; 36 (361 and 362), motor; 37, angle seat; 38, universal wheel; 39, column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention provide an acoustic wave detection device and method for mural hollowing, which can study the response to mural hollowing diseases at different frequencies and provide a quantifiable reference basis for the health diagnosis, restoration and protection of murals.

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1

[0038] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides an acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals, comprising: an acoustic wave detection mechanism 1, a lifting and translation mechanism 2 and a gantry 3; the lifting and translation mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry 3, and the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism 2; wherein the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1 comprises: a bottom plate 4, an acoustic wave emitting device 5, a distance measuring device 6, a first control device 7, and a second control device 8; a first support plate 9 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the bottom plate 4, a second support plate 10 is fixedly installed on the upper part, and a partition 11 is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate; the acoustic wave emitting device 5 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9, and the distance measuring device 6 is fixedly connected to the partition 11; the first control device 7 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, and the second control device 8 is fixedly connected to the partition 11, the first control device 7 is electrically connected to the acoustic wave emitting device 5, and the second control device 8 is electrically connected to the distance measuring device 6;

[0039] Among them, the bottom plate and the fixed plate are both provided with through holes 12, which are used to fix the sound wave detection mechanism 1 on the lifting and translation mechanism 2 through fasteners, and the fasteners can be fastening parts such as bolts and screws; the second support plate is an L-shaped steel plate, the first support plate, the partition plate, and the second support plate are arranged in parallel from bottom to top, and the partition plate is arranged in the left area between the first support plate and the second support plate; the sound wave emitting device 5 is fixedly connected to the left area of ​​the first support plate 9, that is, directly below the partition plate 11, and the distance measuring device 6 is fixedly connected to the front end of the partition plate 11, and the front end of the distance measuring device 6 The front end of the acoustic wave emitting device 5 is aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate 9, so that the distance to the mural measured by the distance measuring device 6 is equal to the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave emitting device to the mural; the first control device 7 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, the second control device 8 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the partition 11, the first control device 7 is electrically connected to the acoustic wave emitting device 5 through the power amplifier 23, so as to control the acoustic wave emitting device 5 to emit sound waves; the second control device 8 is electrically connected to the distance measuring device 6, so as to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance to the mural. Among them, the distance measuring device in the embodiment of the present invention can be a distance measuring device such as a distance measuring sensor, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The invention provides an acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals. An acoustic wave detection mechanism is fixedly connected with a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry in sequence. The acoustic wave detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate, an acoustic wave transmitting device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device. The acoustic wave detection mechanism moves its position through the lifting and translation mechanism to facilitate better data collection. The first control device controls the acoustic wave transmitting device to operate, and the second control device controls the distance measuring device to collect and analyze data, so as to draw a hollowing defect map of the mural. Thus, the mural is stimulated by the acoustic wave detection mechanism, the response of the mural at different frequencies is studied, and a quantitative evaluation method corresponding to the actual situation is given.

[0041] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 In some embodiments, the sound wave emitting device 5 includes: a cylinder 13, a speaker 14, a sound wave directing device 15, and a power amplifier 23; the cylinder 13 is arranged between the first support plate 9 and the partition plate 11, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9; the speaker 14 and the sound wave directing device 15 are an integrated structure, which are arranged inside the cylinder 13, and both ends penetrate the outer surface of the cylinder 13; the front end of the sound wave directing device 15 and the front end of the distance measuring device 6 are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate 9;

[0042] The sound wave emitting device 5 also includes: a sliding module 16; the sliding module 16 includes: a push rod 17, a sliding platform 18, a sliding platform fixing 19 and a cylinder 20; the push rod 17 is slidably connected to the sliding platform 18, and can be used to assist the sound wave directing device 15 to realize the sound wave emission distance control; the sliding platform 18 is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing 19 and the cylinder 20, the sliding platform fixing 19 and the cylinder 20 are an integrated structure, and are electrically connected to the second control device 9; the sliding module 16 is arranged between the sound wave emitting device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing 19.

[0043] The sliding module 16 of this embodiment is arranged at the rear end of the sound wave emitting device 5, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 through the sliding platform fixing member 19. The distance data from the mural to the sound wave detection mechanism 1 is measured by the distance measuring device 6. The second control device 8 controls the push rod 17 on the sliding platform 18 to slide forward by controlling the air flow and exhaust of the cylinder 20, thereby pushing the speaker 14 and the sound wave directing device 15 forward, and adjusting the distance between the speaker 14 and the sound wave directing device 15 so that the position from the mural is fixed each time working.

[0044] Specifically, before performing mural hollowing detection, the sound wave frequency range of the sound wave emitting device 5 and the target distance to the mural are predetermined to ensure that the position of the mural is fixed each time it is stimulated; when performing mural hollowing detection, firstly, the second control device 8 is used to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance from the sound wave directing device 15 to the mural. If the mural is sunken or other reasons cause the target distance from the sound wave directing device 15 to the mural to change, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 of the sliding module 16, thereby controlling the push rod 17 to start working, pushing the speaker 14 and the sound wave directing device 15 forward, so that the distance from the sound wave directing device 15 to the mural is the target distance, ensuring that the target distance is the same each time the sound wave is excited. When the work within the specific frequency range is completed, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 to reset the push rod 17, and waits for the next grid change to work.

[0045] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the speaker 14 and the sound wave directing device 15 are an integrated structure, extending out of both sides of the cylinder 13, and both sides are provided with limiting members 21 (211 and 212); a reset spring 22 is fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder 13; the sound wave directing device 15 passes through the reset spring 22 and extends out of the outer surface of the cylinder 13, and the power amplifier 23 is installed on the outer surface of the cylinder 13; wherein, the limiting member includes a limiting pin hole 211 and a limiting ring 212, and the limiting pin hole is opened at one end of the cylinder facing outward and does not penetrate the surface of the cylinder 13.

[0046] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4In some embodiments, a first buffer pad 24 is provided on the sound wave directing device 15 at the contact point with the return spring 22, and a second buffer pad 25 is provided at the contact point with the left limit member, for buffering the movement of the speaker 14 and the sound wave directing device 15; wherein the material of the buffer pad includes rubber, thereby reducing the noise generated by the collision with the limit member and preventing interference when collecting sound data.

[0047] Specifically, the sound wave frequency range of the sound wave emitting device 5 and the target distance to the mural are predetermined to ensure that the position of the mural is fixed each time it is excited; when working, the sound wave emitting device 5 is used to excite the mural for detection. When performing the detection, the second control device 8 is first used to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance from the sound wave directional device 15 to the mural. When it is detected that the target distance from the sound wave directional device 15 to the mural changes, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 of the sliding module 16, thereby controlling the push rod 17 to start working and push the sound wave directional device 15 forward so that the distance from the sound wave directional device 15 to the mural is the target distance, ensuring that the target distance is the same during each detection. During this process, the reset spring 22 is compressed. When the work within a specific frequency range is completed, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 to achieve the reset of the push rod 17. The reset spring 22 assists the reset of the sound wave directional device 15. The first buffer pad 24 and the second buffer pad 25 buffer the movement of the speaker 14 and the sound wave directional device 15 to prevent interference when collecting sound data. Waiting for the next grid change to work; after adjusting to the target distance, the first control device 7 is electrically connected to the sound wave emitting device 5 through the power amplifier 23 to control the sound wave emitting device 5 to emit sound waves of a specified waveform within a certain frequency range.

[0048] In some embodiments, the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1 also includes: a data acquisition device (not shown in the figure); the data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor (not shown in the figure), a sensor fixing and adjustment module 26, and a data acquisition instrument (not shown in the figure); the acoustic sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjustment module 26, and is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument can be set outside the acoustic wave detection equipment according to the needs of the on-site use environment, and connected to an external computer for data processing. The data acquisition instrument and the acoustic sensor are connected by a cable, which can trigger the data acquisition instrument to collect data while realizing acoustic wave detection.

[0049] In some embodiments, the sensor fixing and adjusting module 26 includes: a base 27, a first connecting rod 28, a second connecting rod 29, a connecting piece 30, a fastener 31, and a sensor fixing component 32; the base 27 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 4, and a fixing groove 271 connected to the first connecting rod 28 is arranged on the base 27; the first end of the first connecting rod 28 is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting piece 30; the second connecting rod 29 is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting piece 30; the second connecting rod 29 is connected to the sensor fixing component 32, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument The fastener 31 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and the two ends of the connecting member 30 for fastening the connecting rod; the fastener 31 includes: a first fastening screw 311, a steering screw 312 and a second fastening screw 313; the first fastening screw 311 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and the two sides of the connecting member 30 for fastening the connecting rod; the steering screw 312 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting member 30 for realizing the relative rotation between the first side and the second side of the connecting member 30; the second fastening screw 313 is arranged on the top of the sensor fixing component 32 for fixing the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument.

[0050] See also Figure 2 , Figure 5In this embodiment, the sensor fixing and adjusting module 26 is arranged on the right side of the bottom plate 4 and the first supporting plate 9, and the base 27 is fixed to the bottom plate 4 by bolts. The base 27 is provided with a fixing groove 271, and the first end of the first connecting rod 28 can be inserted into the fixing groove 271. The remaining length of the first connecting rod 28 can be adjusted by the depth of insertion. The other end of the first connecting rod 28 is connected to the connecting member 30. The connecting member 30 can change the position of the sensor fixing component connected to the second connecting rod 29 by changing the position of the remaining length set on the first connecting rod 28; the second connecting rod 29 is connected to the connecting rod 28. On the other side of the connecting member 30 opposite to the first connecting rod 28, a fastener 31 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove and the two ends of the connecting member 30, which is used to fasten the connecting rod and adjust the distance of the connecting rod to achieve the position change of the sensor fixing component; a first fastening screw 311 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and the two sides of the connecting member 30, which is used to fasten the connecting rod; a steering screw 312 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting member 30, which is used to achieve the relative rotation between the first side and the second side of the connecting member 30; a second fastening screw 313 is arranged at the top of the sensor fixing component 32, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument. Among them, the first connecting rod 28 and the second connecting rod 29 can rotate in the connecting member 30 to achieve the fixing of the acoustic sensor at different angles. Specifically, the data acquisition device is used to collect data when the sound wave emitting device 5 excites the mural. The acoustic sensor is fixed in a suitable position by pre-fixing the connecting rod, the connecting piece 30 and the sensor fixing component 32. When the first control device 7 controls the sound wave emitting device 5 to emit sound waves, the sensor in the sensor fixing component 32 is controlled by an external computer to work and collect detection data.

[0051] In other embodiments, the second connecting rod 29 is connected to other connecting members, and other connecting members are connected to other connecting rods, so as to fix the data acquisition device at different positions.

[0052] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 As shown, a sensor fixing component 32 is connected to the second connecting rod, and the acoustic sensor is fixed in the sensor fixing component 32. The acoustic sensor can be a high-precision sound pressure sensor. The sensor is connected to the data acquisition instrument through a cable, and can trigger the data acquisition instrument to collect data while realizing sound wave detection. In some embodiments, by adding a connector 30 and a connecting rod, multiple sensor fixing components 32 can be fixed at different positions, realizing multi-sensor joint data collection, and improving on-site detection efficiency.

[0053] See also Figure 1 , Figure 6In some embodiments, the lifting and translation mechanism 2 includes: a slide rail 33, a lifting component 34, a translation component 35 and a motor 36; the motor 36 (361 and 362) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the slide rail 33 and is electrically connected to the first control device 7; the slide rail 33 includes a vertical slide rail 331 and a horizontal slide rail 332, and the lifting component 34 is connected to the vertical slide rail 331; the translation component 35 is connected to the horizontal slide rail 332, and the horizontal slide rail 332 is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail 331 through the lifting component 34; the lifting component 34 and the translation component 35 are also connected to the motor 36 that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

[0054] In this embodiment, see Figure 6 As shown, the slide rails 33 of the lifting and translation mechanism 2 include vertical slide rails 331 fixed on the frames on both sides of the gantry 3 and horizontal slide rails 332 transversely arranged on the vertical slide rails 331. Both ends of each slide rail 33 are provided with limit components to ensure safe sliding on the slide rails 33; a lifting component 34 is installed on the vertical slide rail 331, and a translation component 35 is installed on the horizontal slide rail 332. A motor 36 is also fixedly arranged on the outer side of each slide rail 33;

[0055] Specifically, the lifting and translation mechanism 2 is used to assist the lifting and translation of the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1. The lifting and translation of the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1 is realized by controlling the movement of the lifting component 34 on the vertical slide rail 331 through the motor 36, and the translation of the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1 is realized by controlling the movement of the translation component 35 on the horizontal slide rail 332 through the motor 36.

[0056] See also Figure 1 , Figure 6 In some embodiments, the gantry 3 is a profile, and angle seats 37 are fixedly connected at the four corners of the gantry 3 for connecting the profile; universal wheels 38 are fixedly connected on both sides of the bottom of the gantry 3 for realizing the free movement of the acoustic wave detection equipment for hollow murals; wherein, the use of angle seats can ensure the load-bearing capacity while taking into account the stability of the gantry support; the use of universal wheels on both sides of the bottom realizes the free movement of the gantry on the placement surface.

[0057] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the first support plate 9, the partition plate 11 and the second support plate 10 are fixed by pillars 39; in this way, the use of pillars for fixing can improve the stability of the acoustic wave sweep frequency detection equipment, and at the same time, the height and width can be flexibly adjusted according to actual usage needs, so as to facilitate the placement of equipment with multiple functions.

[0058] It should be understood that operators can, according to the needs of the on-site environment, achieve acoustic wave detection of mural hollowing at a higher distance by adding profiles to the gantry in the vertical direction. Embodiment 2

[0059] A method for detecting hollow walls of murals by using an acoustic wave can be implemented by using the acoustic wave detection device for hollow walls of murals in the above embodiment. The method of this embodiment can include the following steps:

[0060] S11, determining a grid size according to the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, dividing the mural area to be tested into grids according to the grid size, and determining the horizontal and vertical moving distances of the acoustic wave detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism;

[0061] S12, moving the acoustic wave detection device for mural hollowing to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjusting the front end of the acoustic wave directional device to align with the center of the first target detection grid at a target distance; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the front end of the acoustic wave directional device and the mural to be detected;

[0062] S13, obtaining the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid through the distance measuring device, and adjusting the moving distance of the acoustic wave orientation device according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid, so that the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid is the target distance;

[0063] S14, start the sound wave emitting device and the data collecting device, emit sound waves with a specific waveform and a specific frequency range to the murals in the first target detection grid one by one, and collect data;

[0064] S15, after the first target detection grid is completed, move to the next target detection grid according to the predetermined moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, transmit and sample the sound waves according to the target distance, so that the position of each transmitted sound wave is fixed, until the sound wave transmission and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed;

[0065] S16. Process the collected data to obtain the damage index corresponding to all target detection grids, and draw a mural hollow disease defect map according to the damage index corresponding to each grid.

[0066] In this embodiment, see Figure 8As shown, before the mural to be tested is subjected to acoustic wave detection, a suitable grid size is determined in advance according to the size of the mural area to be tested and the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, and the mural area to be tested is gridded in a contactless and pollution-free manner according to the grid size. When gridding, the mural area to be tested can be gridded by projecting a laser grid on the mural using a laser, and the error between the actual grid size and the target grid size is controlled within an allowable range. The naming rules of the grid data are determined according to the grid data, for example, "NAXY" represents a sub-grid in the Xth row and Yth column of the Nth column grid A, and the number of times the acoustic wave detection mechanism 1 needs to be located on the lifting level is determined according to the actual distance between each grid. The horizontal or vertical moving distance of each movement on the moving mechanism 2 is connected to the first control device, the second control device and the data acquisition instrument are connected to the computer, and the moving distance data is set in the first control device 7 according to the grid data; the acoustic wave detection device for mural hollowing is moved to the front of the mural area to be detected, and the acoustic wave detection device is adjusted to align the target distance with the center of the first target detection grid. The target distance is the distance between the front end of the acoustic wave directional device and the mural to be detected, which is usually 1 to 2 cm and is determined according to the on-site conditions; the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave directional device to the target detection grid is obtained by the distance measuring device, and the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave directional device to the first target detection grid is calculated according to the target distance and the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave directional device to the first target detection grid. The difference between the distances is adjusted by the push rod to adjust the moving distance of the sound wave directional device so that the target distance from the sound wave detection equipment to the mural to be detected is the same; the push rod is reset after completing the target detection grid; at the same time, the distance between the sensor and the mural to be detected is determined, and the relative position with the center of the target detection grid is fixed; at this time, the first control device controls the operation of the sound wave emitting device through the power amplifier, and emits sound waves with a specific range of frequencies and a specific waveform to the murals in the target detection grid one by one. At the same time, when the first control system issues a start command, the computer triggers the data acquisition instrument to collect data through the sensor, and emits sound waves to the murals in the first target detection grid and collects detection data; in the first target detection grid After the grid is completed, it moves to the next target detection grid according to the predetermined horizontal or vertical moving distance. After moving to the designated target detection grid, it performs sampling in a specific range at the same distance as the first target detection grid, so that the position of each emitted sound wave is fixed until the sound wave emission and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed; finally, the collected detection data are subjected to noise filtering, pre-emphasis and other processing, and the damage indicators of each grid are obtained through frequency domain analysis, and finally a defect map of the mural hollowing detection results is drawn, so that the mural is stimulated by the acoustic wave detection mechanism, the response of the mural at different frequencies is studied, and a quantitative evaluation method corresponding to the actual situation is given.

[0067] The technical features in the technical scheme of the method embodiment of the present application are the same or similar to the technical features of the device embodiment, and they can be specifically referenced to each other. This device is the acoustic wave detection equipment for mural hollowing as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0069] The above content has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail. Those skilled in the art can design and modify the device and its use within the scope of the present invention according to the on-site construction conditions.

[0070] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0071] For the convenience of description, if it involves a system, server, etc., it may be described separately by dividing the functions into various units / modules. Of course, when implementing the present invention, the functions of each unit / module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0072] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. The storage medium can be a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0073] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals, characterized in that: include: Acoustic wave detection mechanism, lifting and translation mechanism and gantry; A lifting and translation mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and an acoustic wave detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism; Wherein, the sound wave detection mechanism includes: a bottom plate, a sound wave emitting device, a distance measuring device, a first control device, and a second control device; a first support plate is fixedly installed at the lower part of the bottom plate, a second support plate is fixedly installed at the upper part, and a partition is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate; the sound wave emitting device is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second support plate, and the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition, the first control device is electrically connected to the sound wave emitting device, and the second control device is electrically connected to the distance measuring device; The sound wave emitting device comprises: a cylinder, a speaker, a sound wave directional device, and a power amplifier; the cylinder is arranged between the first support plate and the partition plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate; the speaker and the sound wave directional device are an integrated structure, arranged inside the cylinder, and both ends penetrate the outer surface of the cylinder; the front end of the sound wave directional device and the front end of the distance measuring device are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate; The sound wave emitting device also includes: a sliding module; the sliding module includes: a push rod, a sliding platform, a sliding platform fixing part and a cylinder; the push rod is slidably connected to the sliding platform, and can be used to assist the sound wave directional device to realize the sound wave emission distance control; the sliding platform is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing part and the cylinder, the sliding platform fixing part and the cylinder are an integrated structure, and are electrically connected to the second control device; the sliding module is arranged between the sound wave emitting device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing part.

2. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The loudspeaker and the sound wave directing device are an integrated structure, extending out of both sides of the cylinder, and both sides are provided with limit members; a return spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder; the sound wave directing device passes through the return spring and extends out of the outer surface of the cylinder, and the power amplifier is installed on the outer surface of the cylinder.

3. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first buffer pad is provided on the sound wave directing device at a position in contact with the return spring, and a second buffer pad is provided at a position in contact with the left limiter, for buffering the movement of the speaker and the sound wave directing device.

4. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic wave detection mechanism also includes: a data acquisition device; The data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjusting module, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjusting module, and is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the sound wave detection equipment for hollowing of murals, and is connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect sound wave data through the sensor while the first control device controls the sound wave emitting device to emit sound waves to detect murals.

5. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sensor fixing and adjusting module comprises: a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting piece, a fastener, and a sensor fixing component; The base is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and a fixing groove connected to the first connecting rod is arranged on the base; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting member; the second connecting rod is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting member; the sensor fixing component is connected to the second connecting rod, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fastener is arranged on the side of the fixing groove and the two ends of the connecting member, and is used to fasten the connecting rod.

6. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and translation mechanism includes: a slide rail, a lifting component, a translation component and a motor; the motor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the slide rail and is electrically connected to the first control device; the slide rail includes a vertical slide rail and a horizontal slide rail, and the lifting component is connected to the vertical slide rail; the translation component is connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail through the lifting component; the lifting component and the translation component are also connected to a motor that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

7. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gantry is a profile, and corner seats are fixedly connected at the four corners of the gantry for connecting the profile; universal wheels are fixedly connected on both sides of the bottom of the gantry for realizing free movement of the acoustic wave detection equipment for hollowing of murals.

8. The acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support plate, the partition plate and the second support plate are fixed by pillars.

9. A method for detecting hollowing of murals by acoustic waves, characterized in that: Utilizing the acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: Determine the grid size according to the expected mural hollowing accuracy, divide the mural area to be tested into grids according to the grid size, and determine the horizontal and vertical moving distances of the acoustic wave detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism; Move the acoustic wave detection device for hollowing of murals to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjust the front end of the acoustic wave directional device to align with the center of the first target detection grid at a target distance; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the front end of the acoustic wave directional device and the mural to be detected; Acquire the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid by means of a distance measuring device, and adjust the moving distance of the acoustic wave orientation device according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid, so that the distance from the front end of the acoustic wave orientation device to the first target detection grid is the target distance; The sound wave transmitting device and the data collecting device are started to transmit sound waves with a specific range of frequency and a specific waveform to the murals in the first target detection grid one by one and collect data; After the first target detection grid is completed, move to the next target detection grid according to a predetermined moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, perform acoustic wave emission and sampling according to the target distance, so that the position of each acoustic wave emission is fixed, until the acoustic wave emission and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed; The collected data are processed to obtain the damage index corresponding to all target detection grids, and a mural hollowing disease defect map is drawn according to the damage index corresponding to each grid.

Images