System and method for preferential scheduling of C-V2X adaptive out-of-band interference

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a system and method for preferential scheduling of C-V2X adaptive out-of-band interference. A vehicle includes an antenna and a controller. The controller is configured to detect a size of a data packet to be transmitted and to detect transmission availability in a set of primary sub-channels. In a case where a scheduler is in a selective exclusion resource mode, the controller identifies a CSR for transmitting the data packet based on the primary sub-channel in response to at least one of the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the primary sub-channel being available for transmitting the data packet; and in response to at least one of the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the primary sub-channel being unavailable to transmit the data packet, identifying the CSR for transmitting the data packet based on the plurality of sub-channels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to adaptive out-of-band interference in cellular vehicle-to-world communications. Background Art

[0002] Vehicles may broadcast Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) in accordance with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 14 / 15 Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) standard. This is sometimes referred to as Long Term Evolution (LTE) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X). These messages may be broadcast in the frequency range of 5905 to 5925 MHz and may be used for applications such as object avoidance. Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) Radio Band 4 (U-NII-4) is a portion of the radio frequency spectrum used by wireless local area network (WLAN) devices. Messages may be broadcast over the frequency range of 5850 to 5895 MHz via this protocol. Summary of the invention

[0003] In one form, the present disclosure relates to a system for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces. The system includes an antenna configured to send and / or receive data via a message protocol having multiple subchannels. The multiple subchannels include a set of primary subchannels and a set of secondary subchannels, wherein the set of primary subchannels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the set of secondary subchannels. The system also includes a controller configured to employ a scheduler capable of operating in a selective exclusion resource mode. The controller is configured to detect the size of a data packet to be transmitted, and to detect the transmission availability in the set of primary subchannels. In the case where the scheduler is in the selective exclusion resource mode, the controller is further configured to: identify one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet based on the set of primary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the set of primary subchannels being available for transmitting at least one of the data packets; identify the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the plurality of subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the set of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting at least one of the data packets. The controller is further configured to transmit the data packet based on the one or more CSRs.

[0004] In one form, the present disclosure is directed to a method for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces. The method includes detecting a size of a data packet to be transmitted via an antenna. The antenna is configured to send and / or receive data via a message protocol having a plurality of subchannels, the plurality of subchannels including a set of primary subchannels and a set of secondary subchannels. The set of primary subchannels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the set of secondary subchannels. The method also includes: detecting transmission availability in the set of primary subchannels; identifying, by a scheduler in a selective resource exclusion mode, one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet based on the set of primary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the set of primary subchannels being available for transmitting at least one of the data packets; identifying, by the scheduler in the selective resource exclusion mode, the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the multiple subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the set of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting at least one of the data packets; and transmitting the data packet based on the one or more CSRs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0005] Figure 1 An example system for scheduling vehicle communications using multiple wireless interfaces is shown;

[0006] Figure 2 An example of multiple vehicles and U-NII-4 devices generating interference is shown;

[0007] Figure 3A An example of scheduling for an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) band with excluded resources is shown;

[0008] Figure 3B An example of scheduling for an ITS band without excluded resources is shown;

[0009] Figure 4 A flow chart showing a selective exclusion resource mode for a scheduler of a V2X controller; and

[0010] Figure 5 An example computing device for a V2X controller is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] As required, detailed embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present disclosure that may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale; some features may be enlarged or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, the specific structural details and functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to employ the present method in different ways.

[0012] C-V2X technology is becoming increasingly popular in the automotive industry. V2X operations can provide valuable real-time traffic information, mapping, traffic light signaling, and toll collection services as part of ITS. However, the operation of Wi-Fi or other unlicensed devices in adjacent frequency bands near V2X devices may disrupt and degrade the quality of service (QoS) because out-of-band emissions (OOBE) may introduce interference.

[0013] OOBE from U-NII-4 devices (e.g., operating in the frequency range of 5850 to 5895 MHz) may cause interference in the ITS band (e.g., operating in the frequency range of 5905 to 5925 MHz). Similarly, OOBE from U-NII-5 devices (e.g., operating in the frequency range of 5925 to 6425 MHz) may cause interference in the ITS band. Therefore, C-V2X messaging may be susceptible to U-NII-4 and U-NII-5 interference, particularly at the lower and upper ends of the ITS band. Hereinafter, U-NII bands (such as U-NII-4 and U-NII-5 bands) that may interfere with the ITS band may be collectively referred to as "U-NII bands."

[0014] C-V2X scheduling can accommodate intra-C-V2X traffic due to its semi-persistent nature. However, C-V2X scheduling has difficulty handling OOBEs from U-NII / Wi-Fi devices due to its spontaneous nature. These OOBEs may be more likely to be close to the band edge, but may not always be so located.

[0015] Various aspects of the present disclosure provide a scheduling method for preventing or reducing the occurrence of OOBE interference. In particular, the C-V2X scheduler can be enhanced to determine when to exclude or include these susceptible sub-channels. In an example, this method can be implemented into the J3161 C-V2X standard to increase robustness to interference.

[0016] As detailed herein, a scheduling method may include employing specific subchannels (i.e., a set of primary subchannels having one or more subchannels) that are most likely to experience less OOBE interference than other subchannels (i.e., a set of secondary subchannels having one or more subchannels). Other subchannels may not be employed to transmit data packets, such as but not limited to BSM messages, unless certain conditions are met, such as data packet size or transmission availability. Notably, certain subchannels may be omitted during scheduling regardless of whether interference is actually detected. By employing this approach, C-V2X may become resilient and robust to undesirable interference while still being able to accommodate the transmission of large data packets and / or transmit during congested communication periods.

[0017] Figure 1 An example system 100 configured to reduce or prevent OOBE interference in C-V2X communications is shown for a vehicle 102. A telematics control unit (TCU) 106 may be connected to one or more electronic control units (ECUs) 104 (e.g., via one or more vehicle buses). The TCU 106 may include a V2X controller 108 that hosts a scheduler 114 for C-V2X communications. The scheduler 114 may utilize a C-V2X transmitter / receiver (TX / RX) 116 to transmit and / or detect signals via a C-V2X antenna 110. Although Figure 1 An example system 100 is shown in , but the example components shown are not intended to be limiting.

[0018] In non-limiting examples, vehicle 102 may be a car, a crossover utility vehicle (CUV), a sport utility vehicle (SUV), a truck, a recreational vehicle (RV), a boat, an airplane, or other mobile machine for transporting people or goods. In many cases, vehicle 102 may be powered by an internal combustion engine. As another possibility, vehicle 102 may be a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powered by both an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors. In another example, vehicle 102 may be a pure electric vehicle driven only by an electric motor.

[0019] The plurality of ECUs 104 may be configured to perform and manage various vehicle 102 functions under the power of the vehicle battery and / or drive train. As some non-limiting examples, the ECUs 104 include: a powertrain control module (PCM) configured to control engine and transmission components; an anti-lock braking system (ABS) controller configured to control braking and traction control components; an electric power steering (EPAS) controller configured to control steering assistance and adjust traction or drift compensation functions; an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS), such as adaptive cruise control or automated braking; and a headlight control module (HCM) configured to control light on / off settings. The ECUs 104 may also include other powertrain or chassis components, an infotainment system configured to support voice commands and Bluetooth interfaces with the driver and devices carried by the driver, electromechanical body controllers (such as window or lock actuators), and trailer controller components (such as light control and sensor data to support a connected trailer). The multiple ECUs 104 may share physical hardware, firmware, and / or software such that functionality from the multiple ECUs 104 may be integrated into a single ECU 104 or distributed across the multiple ECUs 104 .

[0020] The TCU 106 may be configured to support communications between the vehicle 102 and other devices. These communications may be performed over various communication protocols and for various purposes. In one example, the TCU 106 may support V2X communications via a V2X controller 108. The configuration shown is a single antenna configuration having a C-V2X antenna 110 connected to the V2X controller 108 via a C-V2X signal path and an antenna interface 112. It should be noted that this is merely an example, and that a TCU 106 configured with more, fewer, and different protocols of communication interfaces and antennas is possible. In another example, the vehicle 102 may include multiple antennas, such as a Wi-Fi antenna configured to send and receive Wi-Fi transmissions.

[0021] Figure 2 An example 200 of a plurality of vehicles 102 and an interfering U-NII device 202 is shown. As shown, the plurality of vehicles 102 includes seven vehicles 102A to 102G distributed over an area. In a non-limiting example, the vehicles 102A to 102G may transmit and receive a BSM every 100 milliseconds.

[0022] In example 200, U-NII device 202 is closer to vehicles 102F to 102G than to vehicles 102A to 102E. Since vehicles 102F to 102G are closer to U-NII device 202, these vehicles may experience interference due to U-NII transmissions emanating from U-NII device 202. Therefore, OOBE from U-NII device 202 may cause undesirable interference to vehicles 102F to 102G. Since vehicles 102A to 102E are farther from U-NII device 202, OOBE from U-NII device 202 may be less severe for other vehicles 102A to 102E. In fact, vehicles 102A to 102E may not be aware of the interference from U-NII device 202.

[0023] OOBE may also be stronger for C-V2X near the band edge between the ITS band and the U-NII band. Therefore, if the vehicles 102A-102E use lower sub-channels near 5905 MHz, it may be more difficult for the vehicles 102F-102G to hear these messages due to the higher OOBE undesired interference. Since the vehicles 102A-102E may not be aware of the interference from the U-NII device 202, there may be no reason for the vehicles 102A-102E to prefer the higher C-V2X sub-channels. However, if the BSM is transmitted in the band that experiences the least OOBE, the undesired effects of the interference may be minimized.

[0024] The V2X controller 108 may include a scheduler 114 to schedule the transmission of data packets such as BSM using the selected subchannel. The scheduler 114 may be configured to schedule communications via the C-V2X antenna 110, and the C-V2X TX / RX 116 may be configured to monitor the transmission and reception of messages via the C-V2X antenna 110.

[0025] Using the C-V2X TX / RX 116, the scheduler 114 may know the history of all received and transmitted data packets, and may also know their time slots (e.g., 1 ms) and their sub-channels on C-V2X.

[0026] The scheduler 114 is configured to schedule the transmission of data packets using one or more subchannels at a selected subframe. More specifically, the scheduler 114 may operate in a selectively excluded resource mode and, if applicable, in a non-restricted mode. During the selectively excluded resource mode, the scheduler 114 is configured to schedule the transmission of data packets using a set of primary subchannels unless certain conditions are met, resulting in the use of a set of secondary subchannels in addition to the primary subchannels.

[0027] refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3B, provides an example operation of the scheduler 114 in the selective resource exclusion mode. Figure 3A , a schedule 300 shows an ITS band with a plurality of subchannels 302 (e.g., subchannels 1 to 10 as shown along the Y axis), wherein the schedule 300 is defined by time slots or in other words, by subframes 304 having a duration of 1 ms for transmitting data packets. The ITS band is divided into a plurality of resource blocks (RBs) 305, each RB 305 being 180 kHz wide and lasting 1 ms.

[0028] More specifically, the 20MHz ITS band 5905 to 5925MHz may be divided into ten consecutive subchannels 302, each of which is 0.18MHz (e.g., 18MHz within 20MHz). The subchannel 302 may consist of a group of adjacent RBs 305 in the same subframe 304. Hereinafter, the RBs 305 of the subframe 304 may be referred to as subframe resources, and the subframe resources that may be selected for transmission are provided as candidate subframe resources (CSRs) and collectively referred to as a CSR pool.

[0029] To select a subchannel 302, the J3161 standard scheduler 114 may list a list L1 of CSRs in a selection window [T; T+n], where T corresponds to the time that the scheduler 114 requires radio resources to perform a transmission, and n is the maximum tolerable waiting time. Packets may be scheduled for transmission in 2, 3, ..., 10 consecutive subchannels 302 in these subframe resources, depending on the packet size from the CSR generated by each C-V2X device according to the LTE V2X standard rules. Packets may occupy a selected CSR, where the bandwidth size of the CSR in terms of its resource blocks will increase with the packet byte size. That is, larger packets may therefore require more resource blocks than smaller packets. For example, a BSM may typically require two subchannels. Packets with additional data than a BSM may require a larger resource allocation.

[0030] From the plurality of subchannels 302, the scheduler 114 is configured to define a set of primary subchannels and a set of secondary subchannels, wherein the set of primary subchannels is less susceptible to OOBE than the set of secondary subchannels. Figure 3A , subchannels located near the highest and / or lowest portions of the ITS band may be susceptible to interference from the U-NII band. Specifically, subchannels 1 and 2 may be susceptible to interference from U-NII-4 transmissions, and subchannel 10 may be susceptible to interference from U-NII-5 transmissions. Thus, a set of secondary subchannels 302A may include subchannels 1, 2, and 10, and a set of primary subchannels 302B may include subchannels 3 to 9.

[0031] In one form, to define the set of secondary subchannels 302A and the set of primary subchannels 302B, the scheduler 114 is configured to identify an "N" pool of subchannels 302 in the lowest and / or highest portions of the ITS frequency band that are susceptible to spontaneous OOBE interference. "N" is a number that may be different or the same for the lowest and / or highest portions of the ITS frequency band. Hereinafter, "N" is a number that may be different or the same for the lowest and / or highest portions of the ITS frequency band. LB ” is used to indicate the lowest part of the ITS band, and “N UB ” is used to denote the lowest portion of the ITS band. These portions are susceptible to OOBE and may be referred to as Excluded Resources (ER).

[0032] For example, in Figure 3A For the lowest frequency band, N LB is 2, and for the highest frequency band, N UB is 1. The value of N may be based on the amount of interference detected via the C-V2X TX / RX 116 and may increase or decrease. For example, if interference from the U-NII-4 band decreases and interference from U-NII-5 increases, then N LB can be reduced to 1, and the N associated with the highest frequency band UB In another example, if no interference from the U-NII-5 band is detected, then N UB Can be set to zero.

[0033] In addition to or in lieu of OOBE, the value of N may be determined based on a function of the size of the data packet and a C-V2X proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value, where a lower PPPP value indicates a higher priority level. A PPPP may be assigned to a data packet based on various priority factors, such as the type of data packet, the source and destination of the data packet, or an application that is sending or intends to receive the data packet.

[0034] For example, a 1000 byte packet that may employ 5 subchannels due to its size may be assigned a PPPP value of 2. In this example, the scheduler 114 may prevent the use of the N=4 lowest subchannels. However, given a PPPP value of 6, the same data packet transmission may alternatively be scheduled to not use the N=3 lowest subchannels. Similarly, in another example of a BSM packet having less than 400 bytes and using 2 subchannels and a PPPP value of 5, N may be set to 2, but in the case of a PPPP value of 2, the schedule may set N to 5.

[0035] In addition to or instead of identifying subchannels 302 at the lowest and / or highest portions of the ITS band as part of the set of secondary subchannels 302A, the scheduler 114 may identify subchannels 302 that are known to be susceptible to spontaneous interference. For example, if Figure 3AIf subchannel 5 of the host vehicle 102 is susceptible to interference, the scheduler 114 identifies subchannel 5 as part of the set of auxiliary subchannels 302B. In some examples, the scheduler 114 of the host vehicle 102 may obtain information about OOBE interference from other vehicles 102. Specifically, the vehicle 102 that detects OOBE undesirable interference may indicate so in its transmitted BSM. In an example, this may be achieved by including this information in a special embedded field in the BSM.

[0036] In another example, the scheduler 114 may obtain information about OOBE interference based on historical data that associates a particular location (e.g., a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) coordinate) with a high OOBE communication environment. The historical data may include information about the subchannels 302 that experience OOBE interference, which is used to define the set of secondary subchannels 302A. In yet another example, the scheduler 114 may receive an indication from a user that there is an opportunity to increase N. LB and / or N UB Therefore, the number of subchannels 302 in the set of auxiliary subchannels 302A and the set of primary subchannels 302B is adjustable. In addition, the specific subchannels 302 identified for the set of auxiliary subchannels 302A and the set of primary subchannels 302B can be changed.

[0037] In the selective exclusion resource mode, the scheduler 114 is configured to schedule data packet transmissions based on conditions indicative of congestion (such as data packet size and transmission availability) rather than based solely on interference itself. That is, congestion refers to a condition when a data packet cannot be accommodated or scheduled within any available subframe 304 of the set of primary subchannels 302B (i.e., within the CSR defined by the set of primary subchannels 302B). The scheduler 114 is able to schedule transmissions of data packets of different sizes and mixed C-V2X traffic with minor adjustments to the C-V2X scheduling protocol.

[0038] During scheduling, the number of subchannels 302 or more specifically the number of CSRs used for transmission is based on the size of the data packet. In a non-limiting example, data packets less than 390 bytes use two consecutive subchannels 302, data packets over 1063 bytes use all 10 subchannels 302, and data packets between 390 and 1063 bytes use "X" consecutive subchannels, where "X" is greater than 2 and less than 10 and is selected based on C-V2X. Typically, two consecutive subchannels 302 are used to transmit the BSM.

[0039] As described herein, when C-V2X traffic is not congested or when the size of the data packet can be accommodated based on the CSR pool associated with the group of primary sub-channels 302B, the scheduler 114 is configured to select one or more CSRs associated with the group of primary sub-channels 302B to transmit the data packet. Alternatively, when C-V2X traffic is high (i.e., congested) and / or when a larger data packet is to be sent that cannot fit into the remaining CSR pool, the ER restriction is removed.

[0040] For example, refer to Figure 3B , the schedule 350 with subchannel 302, subframe 304 and RB 305 shows an unrestricted CSR pool. Specifically, the CSR pool includes the group of auxiliary subchannels 302A (ie, Figure 3A subchannels 1, 2, and 10) and the set of primary subchannels 302B (ie, Figure 3A Therefore, the data packet can be assigned to any available CSR in the CSR pool. Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, when certain conditions (eg, packet size and / or transmission availability) are met, the number of CSRs used to transmit data packets may be increased, which is provided as shaded RB 305B.

[0041] In some variations, if the set of secondary subchannels 302A is employed, the scheduler 114 is configured to employ the secondary subchannels 302A that are farthest from channels with high OOBE interference, such as those at the edge of the ITS band. For example, in the case of N=2, the lowest subchannel 302 may still not be used.

[0042] refer to Figure 4 , an example selective exclusion resource mode routine 400 performed by a V2X controller 108 having a scheduler 114 is provided. At operation 402, the V2X controller 108 detects the size of a data packet to be transmitted and the transmission availability of the data packet in the set of primary channels. For example, based on a C-V2X protocol having a defined message model, the V2X controller 108 is configured to determine the size of the data packet to be transmitted and the number of consecutive sub-channels required to transmit the data packet.

[0043] At operation 404, the V2X controller 108 determines whether a primary subchannel 302B among the plurality of subchannels is available for transmitting data packets for the selected subframe. That is, based on the scheduling of the ITS band managed by the scheduler 114, the V2X controller 108 is able to determine whether one or more primary subchannels 302B are available for transmitting data packets for the selected subframe 304. In other words, the V2X controller 108 determines whether data packets can be transmitted in the CSR pool defined by the set of primary subchannels 302B.

[0044] If one or more primary subchannels are available, the V2X controller 108 determines whether the data packet can be transmitted using the available primary subchannels 302B at operation 406. Specifically, the V2X controller determines whether the size of the data packet can be accommodated in the available contiguous primary subchannels 302B of the selected subframe 304 (i.e., accommodated in the available CSRs in the CSR pool). The available contiguous primary subchannels 302B may define a packet size threshold for determining whether a data packet can be transmitted.

[0045] If the data packet can be accommodated, the V2X controller 108 identifies one or more candidate subchannels from a set of primary subchannels 302B that can be used to transmit the data packet in the selected subframe 304 at operation 408. In other words, the V2X controller identifies one or more CSRs associated with the set of primary subchannels 302B for transmitting the data packet.

[0046] If the primary subchannel is not available or the data packet cannot be accommodated in the available primary subchannel 304B, at operation 410, the V2X controller 108 removes the ER restriction and identifies a candidate primary channel for transmitting the data packet from the plurality of subchannels 302. That is, the scheduler 114 employs both the set of primary subchannels 302B and the set of secondary channels 302A to identify consecutive candidate subchannels for transmitting the data packet. In other words, the V2X controller 108 identifies one or more CSRs associated with the plurality of subchannels for transmitting the data packet.

[0047] Once selected, the V2X controller 108 is configured to transmit data packets via the antenna 110 based on the identified one or more CSRs.

[0048] The scheduler 114 may also operate in an unrestricted mode during which the V2X controller 108 is configured to select one or more candidate subchannels 302 for transmitting a data packet from a plurality of subchannels 302 for a selected subframe 304. That is, the scheduler 114 does not restrict transmission to the set of primary subchannels 302B based on the selected condition, but rather uses any of the subchannels 302.

[0049] When the vehicle 102 is generally in an environment with minimal OOBE interference, it may be beneficial to have both a selective exclusion resource mode and an unrestricted mode. In a non-limiting example, the V2X controller 108 may transition between the selective exclusion resource mode and the unrestricted mode based on the environment in which the vehicle 102 and, in particular, the antenna 110 is located. Specifically, the V2X controller 108 may employ the selective exclusion resource mode when the antenna 110 is indoors, and employ the unrestricted mode when the antenna 110 is outdoors. C-V2X devices may be more susceptible to OOBE from U-NII devices in indoor environments than in outdoor environments, and therefore, when indoors, the selective exclusion resource mode may be employed to schedule data packet transmissions.

[0050] In a non-limiting example, in order to determine the environment of the antenna 110, the V2X controller 108 monitors the signal received from the antenna 110 to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors or outdoors. The indoor environment can be detected when the received signal is at least one of a GNSS repeater signal, a side link synchronization signal (SLSS) for calibrating transmissions and transmitted in a special C-V2X state in an indoor environment where an original GNSS signal cannot be received. Therefore, if the received signal is an original GNSS signal, it is considered that the antenna is outdoors.

[0051] In situations where the communication environment has high and / or spontaneous OOBE interference, the scheduler 114 may operate in a selective exclusion resource mode, and therefore, the unrestricted mode is not required.

[0052] Figure 5 An exemplary computing device 502 is shown for scheduling vehicle communications using multiple wireless interfaces. Figure 5 And refer to Figures 1 to 4 , ECU 104 and TCU 106 may include examples of such computing devices 502. Computing devices 502 generally include computer executable instructions, such as those of scheduler 114, where the instructions may be executed by one or more computing devices 502. The computer executable instructions may be compiled or interpreted according to a computer program created using a variety of programming languages ​​and / or technologies, including, alone or in combination, but not limited to Java. TM , C, C++, C#, Visual Basic, JavaScript, Python, JavaScript, Perl, etc. In general, a processor (e.g., a microprocessor) receives instructions, such as from a memory, a computer-readable medium, etc., and executes these instructions to perform one or more processes, including one or more of the processes described herein.

[0053] As shown, computing device 502 may include processor 504 operatively connected to storage device 506, network device 508, output device 510, and input device 512. Note that this is merely an example and computing devices 502 having more, fewer, or different components may be used.

[0054] The processor 504 may include one or more integrated circuits that implement the functions of a central processing unit (CPU) and / or a graphics processing unit (GPU). In some examples, the processor 504 is a system on a chip (SoC) that integrates the functions of a CPU and a GPU. The SoC may optionally include other components (such as, for example, a storage device 506 and a network device 508) into a single integrated device. In other examples, the CPU and the GPU are interconnected via a peripheral connection device (such as a high-speed peripheral component interconnect (PCI) or another suitable peripheral data connection). In one example, the CPU is a commercially available central processing device that implements an instruction set, such as one of the x86, ARM, Power, or microprocessor (MIPS) instruction set families without interlocked pipeline stages.

[0055] Regardless of the details, during operation, the processor 504 executes stored program instructions retrieved from the storage device 506. The stored program instructions accordingly include software that controls the operation of the processor 504 to perform the operations described herein. The storage device 506 may include both non-volatile memory devices and volatile memory devices. Non-volatile memory includes solid-state memory, such as NAND flash memory, magnetic and optical storage media, or any other suitable data storage device that retains data when the system is disabled or loses power. Volatile memory includes static and dynamic random access memory (RAM), which stores program instructions and data during operation of the system 100.

[0056] The GPU may include hardware and software for displaying at least two-dimensional (2D) and optionally three-dimensional (3D) graphics to an output device 510. The output device 510 may include a graphics or visual display device, such as an electronic display screen, a projector, a printer, or any other suitable device for reproducing a graphical display. As another example, the output device 510 may include an audio device, such as a speaker or headphones. As yet another example, the output device 510 may include a tactile device, such as a mechanically elevable device, which in an example may be configured to display Braille or another physical output that may be touched to provide information to a user.

[0057] Input device 512 may include any of a variety of devices that enable computing device 502 to receive control input from a user. Examples of suitable input devices 512 that receive human interface input may include a keyboard, mouse, trackball, touch screen, microphone, graphics tablet, etc.

[0058] The network devices 508 may each include any of a variety of devices that enable the components to send and / or receive data from an external device over a network. Examples of suitable network devices 508 include an Ethernet interface, a Wi-Fi transceiver, a cellular transceiver, or a Bluetooth or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transceiver, or other network adapters or peripheral interconnect devices that receive data from another computer or external data storage device, which may be useful for receiving large amounts of data in an efficient manner.

[0059] With respect to the processes, systems, methods, heuristics, etc. described herein, it should be understood that although the steps of such processes, etc. have been described as occurring according to a certain ordered sequence, such processes may be practiced by performing the described steps in an order different from that described herein. It should also be understood that certain steps may be performed simultaneously, other steps may be added, or certain steps described herein may be omitted. In other words, the description of the processes herein is provided for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and should in no way be construed as limiting the claims.

[0060] Therefore, it should be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. Upon reading the above description, many embodiments and applications other than the examples provided will be apparent. The scope should not be determined with reference to the above description, but should be determined with reference to the entire scope of the appended claims and equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is expected and anticipated that the technology discussed herein will develop in the future, and the disclosed systems and methods will be incorporated into such future embodiments. In short, it should be understood that the present application is capable of modification and variation.

[0061] All terms used in the claims are intended to be given their broadest reasonable constructions and their ordinary meanings as understood by persons skilled in the art described herein unless an explicit indication to the contrary is given herein. Specifically, use of singular articles such as "a," "an," "the," and "said" should be construed to recite one or more of the indicated elements unless a claim recites an explicit limitation to the contrary.

[0062] An abstract of the present disclosure is provided to allow the reader to quickly determine the nature of the present technical disclosure. It should be understood that the abstract will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the aforementioned detailed description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in various embodiments for the purpose of making the text of the present disclosure flow smoothly. This method of the present disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting the intention that the claimed embodiments require more features than the features explicitly recited in each claim. Instead, as reflected in the attached claims, the inventive subject matter lies in less than all the features of a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the attached claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim itself as a separately claimed subject matter.

[0063] Although exemplary embodiments are described above, these embodiments are not intended to describe all possible forms of the present disclosure. On the contrary, the words used in this specification are descriptive rather than restrictive, and it should be understood that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the features of various embodiments can be combined to form other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0064] According to the present invention, a system for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces is provided, the system comprising: an antenna, the antenna being configured to send and / or receive data via a message protocol having multiple subchannels, the multiple subchannels comprising a group of primary subchannels and a group of secondary subchannels, wherein the group of primary subchannels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the group of secondary subchannels; and a controller, the controller being configured to employ a scheduler capable of operating in a selective resource exclusion mode, the controller being configured to: detect the size of a data packet to be transmitted; detect the transmission availability in the group of primary subchannels; and, when the scheduler is in the selective resource exclusion mode: respond to In response to the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the set of primary subchannels being available for transmitting at least one of the data packets, one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet are identified based on the set of primary subchannels; and in response to the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the set of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting at least one of the data packets, the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet are identified based on the multiple subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels; and the data packet is transmitted based on the one or more CSRs.

[0065] According to an embodiment, the scheduler is also capable of operating in an unrestricted mode, and when the scheduler is in the unrestricted mode, the controller is also configured to select the CSR for transmitting the data packet from the multiple sub-channels including the group of primary sub-channels and the group of auxiliary sub-channels.

[0066] According to an embodiment, the controller is also configured to: monitor the signal received from the antenna to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors or outdoors, and in response to the antenna being indoors, transition the scheduler to the selective resource exclusion mode; and in response to the antenna being outdoors, transition the scheduler to the unrestricted mode.

[0067] According to an embodiment, the controller is further configured to detect the signal as at least one of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) repeater signal or a sidelink synchronization signal to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors.

[0068] According to an embodiment, the number of sub-channels in the set of primary sub-channels and the number of sub-channels in the set of secondary sub-channels are adjustable.

[0069] According to an embodiment, the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels can be adjusted based on at least one of the position of the antenna, the size of the data packet, or a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

[0070] According to an embodiment, the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels can be adjusted based on the out-of-band interference around the antenna.

[0071] According to an embodiment, the messaging protocol is a Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) messaging protocol and the out-of-band interference is caused by using Wi-Fi.

[0072] According to the present invention, a method for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces includes: detecting the size of a data packet to be transmitted via an antenna, wherein the antenna is configured to send and / or receive data through a message protocol having multiple subchannels, the multiple subchannels including a group of primary subchannels and a group of secondary subchannels, wherein the group of primary subchannels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the group of secondary subchannels; detecting the transmission availability in the group of primary subchannels; identifying one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet based on the group of primary subchannels by a scheduler in a selective resource exclusion mode in response to the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the group of primary subchannels being available for transmitting at least one of the data packets; identifying the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the multiple subchannels including the group of primary subchannels and the group of secondary subchannels by the scheduler in the selective resource exclusion mode in response to the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the group of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting at least one of the data packets; and transmitting the data packet based on the one or more CSRs.

[0073] In one aspect of the present invention, the method includes selecting, by the scheduler in the unrestricted mode, the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the plurality of subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels.

[0074] In one aspect of the present invention, the method includes: monitoring a signal received from the antenna to detect an environment of the antenna as being indoors or outdoors; transitioning the scheduler to the selective resource exclusion mode in response to the antenna being indoors; and transitioning the scheduler to the unrestricted mode in response to the antenna being outdoors.

[0075] In an aspect of the invention, the method includes detecting the signal as at least one of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) repeater signal or a sidelink synchronization signal to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors.

[0076] In one aspect of the present invention, the method includes adjusting the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels based on at least one of the position of the antenna, the size of the data packet, or a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

[0077] In one aspect of the invention, the method includes adjusting the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels based on the out-of-band interference around the antenna.

[0078] In one aspect of the invention, the messaging protocol is a Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) messaging protocol and the out-of-band interference is caused by using Wi-Fi.

[0079] According to the present invention, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided, the non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces, the instructions, when executed by a processor of a controller, causing the controller to perform operations, the operations comprising: detecting the size of a data packet to be transmitted using a message protocol; detecting transmission availability in a set of primary sub-channels, wherein the multiple sub-channels used to transmit the data packet using the message protocol include a set of primary sub-channels and a set of secondary sub-channels, wherein the set of primary sub-channels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the set of secondary sub-channels; and, in response to a size of the data packet being smaller than a packet size, a scheduler in a selective resource exclusion mode is configured to schedule communications using multiple wireless interfaces. A size threshold and at least a portion of the set of primary subchannels can be used to transmit at least one of the data packets, and one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet are identified based on the set of primary subchannels; and the scheduler in the selective exclusion resource mode identifies the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the multiple subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the set of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting at least one of the data packets; and the data packet is transmitted based on the one or more CSRs.

[0080] According to an embodiment, the present invention is also characterized by instructions, which, when executed by the processor of the controller, cause the controller to perform operations, the operations comprising: selecting, by the scheduler in unrestricted mode, the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the multiple sub-channels including the set of primary sub-channels and the set of auxiliary sub-channels.

[0081] According to an embodiment, the present invention is also characterized by instructions, which, when executed by the processor of the controller, cause the controller to perform operations, the operations including: monitoring the signal received from the antenna to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors or outdoors, wherein the antenna is configured to send and / or receive data through the message protocol having the multiple subchannels; in response to the antenna being indoors, transitioning the scheduler to the selective resource exclusion mode; and in response to the antenna being outdoors, transitioning the scheduler to the non-restricted mode.

[0082] According to an embodiment, the present invention is also characterized by instructions, which, when executed by the processor of the controller, cause the controller to perform operations, the operations including: detecting the signal as at least one of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) repeater signal or a sidelink synchronization signal to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors.

[0083] According to an embodiment, the number of sub-channels in the set of primary sub-channels and the number of sub-channels in the set of secondary sub-channels are adjustable.

Claims

1. A system for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces, the system comprising: an antenna configured to transmit and / or receive data via a message protocol having a plurality of subchannels, the plurality of subchannels comprising a set of primary subchannels and a set of secondary subchannels, wherein the set of primary subchannels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the set of secondary subchannels; as well as A controller configured to employ a scheduler capable of operating in a selective exclusion resource mode, the controller configured to: Detecting the size of the data packet to be transmitted; detecting transmission availability in the set of primary sub-channels; In case the scheduler is in the selective exclusion of resources mode: identifying one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet based on the set of primary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the set of primary subchannels being available for transmitting at least one of the data packets; as well as identifying the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the plurality of subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels in response to at least one of the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the set of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting the data packet; as well as The data packets are transmitted based on the one or more CSRs.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein: The scheduler is also capable of operating in an unrestricted mode, and When the scheduler is in the unrestricted mode, the controller is further configured to select the CSR for transmitting the data packet from the plurality of sub-channels including the set of primary sub-channels and the set of secondary sub-channels.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to: monitoring a signal received from the antenna to detect an environment of the antenna as being indoors or outdoors, transitioning the scheduler to the selective exclusion of resources mode in response to the antenna being indoors; and The scheduler is transitioned to the unrestricted mode in response to the antenna being outdoors.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to detect the signal as at least one of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) repeater signal or a sidelink synchronization signal to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels are adjustable.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels are adjustable based on at least one of the location of the antenna, the size of the data packet, or a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels are adjustable based on the out-of-band interference around the antenna.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the messaging protocol is a cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) messaging protocol and the out-of-band interference is caused by using Wi-Fi.

9. A method for scheduling communications using multiple wireless interfaces, the method comprising: detecting a size of a data packet to be transmitted via an antenna, wherein the antenna is configured to send and / or receive data via a message protocol having a plurality of subchannels, the plurality of subchannels comprising a set of primary subchannels and a set of secondary subchannels, wherein the set of primary subchannels is less susceptible to out-of-band interference than the set of secondary subchannels; detecting transmission availability in the set of primary sub-channels; identifying, by a scheduler in a selective exclusion resource mode, one or more candidate subframe resources (CSRs) for transmitting the data packet based on the set of primary subchannels in response to the size of the data packet being less than a packet size threshold and at least a portion of the set of primary subchannels being available for transmitting at least one of the data packets; identifying, by the scheduler in the selective exclusion resource mode, the one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet based on the plurality of subchannels including the set of primary subchannels and the set of secondary subchannels in response to at least one of the size of the data packet being greater than or equal to the packet size threshold and the set of primary subchannels being unavailable for transmitting the data packet; as well as The data packets are transmitted based on the one or more CSRs.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: The one or more CSRs for transmitting the data packet are selected by the scheduler in the unrestricted mode based on the plurality of sub-channels including the set of primary sub-channels and the set of secondary sub-channels.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: monitoring a signal received from the antenna to detect an environment of the antenna as being indoors or outdoors; transitioning the scheduler to the selective exclusion of resources mode in response to the antenna being indoors; as well as The scheduler is transitioned to the unrestricted mode in response to the antenna being outdoors.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising detecting the signal as at least one of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) repeater signal or a sidelink synchronization signal to detect the environment of the antenna as being indoors.

13. The method of claim 9, further comprising adjusting the number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and the number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels based on at least one of the position of the antenna, the size of the data packet, or a proximity service per-packet priority (PPPP) value.

14. The method of claim 9, further comprising adjusting a number of subchannels in the set of primary subchannels and a number of subchannels in the set of secondary subchannels based on the out-of-band interference around the antenna.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the messaging protocol is a cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) messaging protocol and the out-of-band interference is caused by using Wi-Fi.

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