Video transmission with periodic radio resources

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a user equipment, UE, including the following. Processing circuitry of the UE operates a video application in accordance with which video frames are generated with video frame periodicity. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length. A transceiver of a UE uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of a video application between the UE and a base station. The radio resource is determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations. When the processing circuitry determines that data of a video frame generated during one jitter window is swapped using one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuitry determines that use of further periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations is prohibited for a period of time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture in a communication system, such as a 3GPP communication system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is working on technical specifications for the next generation of cellular technology, also known as the fifth generation (5G).

[0003] One objective is to provide a single technical framework (see, e.g., Section 6 of 3GPP TR 38.913 (e.g., Release 16.0.0 or Release 17.0.0)) that addresses all usage scenarios, requirements, and deployment scenarios, including at least enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine type communications (mMTC). For example, eMBB deployment scenarios may include indoor hotspots, dense urban, rural, urban macro base stations, and high-speed; URLLC deployment scenarios may include industrial control systems, mobile healthcare (remote monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment), real-time control of vehicles, wide-area monitoring and control systems for smart networks; mMTC deployment scenarios may include scenarios with a large number of devices (such as smart wearable devices and sensor networks) with non-time-critical data transmission. Services eMBB and URLLC are similar in that they both require very wide bandwidth, however the difference is that URLLC services may preferably require ultra-low latency.

[0004] The second objective is to achieve forward compatibility. Backward compatibility with long term evolution (LTE, LTE-A) cellular systems is not required, which facilitates completely new system designs and / or the introduction of novel features. Summary of the invention

[0005] One non-limiting and exemplary embodiment facilitates providing a procedure for a UE to perform an improved transmission procedure.

[0006] In an embodiment, the technology disclosed herein is characterized in that a user equipment UE includes the following. A processing circuit of the UE operates a video application, and a video frame is generated periodically according to the video application with a video frame. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, and the jitter window has a jitter window length. A transceiver of the UE uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station. The radio resources are determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations. When the processing circuit determines that data of a video frame of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using one of the periodic resources in the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of another periodic radio resource according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0007] It should be noted that the general or specific embodiments may be implemented as a system, method, integrated circuit, computer program, storage medium or any selective combination thereof. For example, an integrated circuit may control the process of a UE or a base station.

[0008] Additional benefits and advantages of the disclosed embodiments and different implementations will be apparent from the description and drawings. Benefits and / or advantages can be obtained individually from the various embodiments and features of the description and drawings, and all of these embodiments and features do not need to be provided in order to obtain one or more such benefits and / or advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 An exemplary architecture of a 3GPP NR system is shown;

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC,

[0012] Figure 3 is a sequence diagram of the RRC connection establishment / reconfiguration process,

[0013] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing usage scenarios of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC),

[0014] Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary 5G system architecture for a non-roaming scenario,

[0015] Figure 6 The relationship between bandwidth parts, control resource sets (CORESETS), search spaces, search space sets and PDCCH candidates is shown.

[0016] Figure 7 An exemplary time domain structure in a communication system such as 5G NR is shown, including radio frames, subframes, time slots, and OFDM symbols for different subcarrier spacings,

[0017] Figure 8 shows data of exchanging video frames using uplink resources dynamically granted based on periodic SR resource requests,

[0018] Fig. 9 shows data of exchanging video frames using periodic uplink resources with configuration grants,

[0019] Fig.10shows data of video frames exchanged using periodic downlink resources configured with SPS,

[0020] Fig.11 shows an exemplary and simplified structure of a UE and a gNB,

[0021] Fig.12 shows the structure of a UE according to an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to a first solution,

[0022] Fig.13 a flow chart showing a UE behavior according to an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to a first solution,

[0023] Fig.14 shows the structure of a base station according to an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to a first solution,

[0024] Fig.15 a flow chart showing the behavior of a base station according to an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to a first solution,

[0025] Fig.16 is a signaling diagram illustrating exemplary exchanges between a UE and a gNB according to an exemplary implementation of an improved transmission procedure of the first solution,

[0026] Fig.17 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic uplink resources configured with grants, to which prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to a first solution is applied,

[0027] Fig.18 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic uplink resources configured with grants, applying different variants of prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure according to the first solution,

[0028] Fig.19 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic uplink resources configured with grants, applying yet another different variant of prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure according to the first solution,

[0029] Fig. 20 shows data of exchanging video frames using periodic uplink resources of three configuration grants, applying prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure according to the first solution,

[0030] Fig.21 shows data of exchanging video frames using uplink resources dynamically granted based on periodic SR resource requests, applying prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure according to the first solution,

[0031] Fig. 22 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic downlink resources, to which prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to a first solution is applied,

[0032] Fig.23 shows data of exchanging video frames using uplink resources dynamically granted based on periodic SR resource requests, applying different variants of prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure according to the first solution,

[0033] Fig.24 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic downlink resources, applying different variants of prohibition of an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure according to the first solution,

[0034] Fig.25 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic uplink resources, applying prohibition of dynamically allocated uplink transmission according to an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure of the first solution,

[0035] Fig.26 shows data for exchanging video frames using periodic downlink resources, applying prohibition of dynamically allocated downlink transmissions according to an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure of the first solution,

[0036] Fig. 27 A structure of a UE showing an exemplary implementation of an improved transmission procedure according to the second solution, and

[0037] Fig.28 A flow chart showing UE behavior according to an exemplary implementation of the improved transmission procedure of the second solution is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] 5G NR system architecture and protocol stack

[0039] 3GPP has been working on the next version of the 5th generation of cellular technology, or 5G for short, including the development of new radio access technology (NR) operating in the frequency range up to 100 GHz. The first version of the 5G standard was completed at the end of 2017, which allowed trials and commercial deployment of smartphones compliant with the 5G NR standard.

[0040] The overall system architecture assumes, among other things, a NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) comprising gNBs, providing NG-Radio Access user plane (SDAP / PDCP / RLC / MAC / PHY) and control plane (RRC) protocol terminations to the UE. The gNBs are interconnected to each other via Xn interfaces. The gNBs are also connected to the NGC (Next Generation Core) via Next Generation (NG) interfaces, more specifically to the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) (e.g., a specific core entity that implements the AMF) via the NG-C interface, and to the UPF (User Plane Function) (e.g., a specific core entity that implements the UPF) via the NG-U interface. Figure 1 The NG-RAN architecture is shown in (see, e.g., 3GPP TS 38.300, e.g., v16.8.0, section 4).

[0041] The user plane protocol stack for NR (see, e.g., 3GPP TS 38.300, Section 4.4.1) includes the PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol, see Section 6.4 of 3GPP TS 38.300), RLC (Radio Link Control, see Section 6.3 of TS 38.300) and MAC (Medium Access Control, see Section 6.2 of TS 38.300) sublayers, which terminate in the gNB on the network side. A new access stratum (AS) sublayer (SDAP, Service Data Adaptation Protocol) is also introduced above PDCP (see, e.g., subclause 6.5 of TS 38.300). A control plane protocol stack is also defined for NR (see, e.g., TS 38.300, Section 4.4.2). An overview of the Layer 2 functionality is given in subclause 6 of TS 38.300. The functionality of the RRC layer is listed in subclause 7 of TS 38.300.

[0042] For example, the medium access control layer handles logical channel multiplexing as well as scheduling and scheduling-related functions, including handling different parameter sets.

[0043] For example, the physical layer (PHY) is responsible for coding, PHY HARQ processing, modulation, multi-antenna processing, and mapping signals to appropriate physical time-frequency resources. It also handles the mapping of transport channels to physical channels. The physical layer provides services to the MAC layer in the form of transport channels. A physical channel corresponds to a set of time-frequency resources used to transmit a specific transport channel, and each transport channel is mapped to a corresponding physical channel. For example, physical channels are PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel), PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) and PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) for uplink and PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) and PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) for downlink.

[0044] NR use cases / deployment scenarios can include enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine type communications (mMTC), which have various requirements in terms of data rate, latency and coverage. For example, eMBB is expected to support peak data rates (20Gbps for downlink and 10Gbps for uplink) and user experienced data rates that are orders of magnitude three times higher than those provided by Advanced IMT. On the other hand, in the case of URLLC, there is a strong demand for ultra-low latency (0.5ms for each UL and DL for user plane latency) and high reliability (1-10 Gbps within 1ms). -5 ) puts forward more stringent requirements. Finally, mMTC may preferably require high connection density (1,000,000 devices / km in urban environments) 2 ), wide coverage in harsh environments, and extremely long battery life (15 years) for low-cost devices.

[0045] Therefore, an OFDM parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing, OFDM symbol duration, cyclic prefix (CP) duration, number of symbols per scheduling interval) that is suitable for one use case may not be suitable for another use case. For example, low-latency services may preferably require shorter symbol duration (and, therefore, larger subcarrier spacing) and / or fewer symbols per scheduling interval (also called TTI) compared to mMTC services. In addition, deployment scenarios with large channel delay spread may preferably require longer CP duration than scenarios with short delay spread. The subcarrier spacing should be optimized accordingly to maintain similar CP overhead. NR can support more than one value of subcarrier spacing. Accordingly, subcarrier spacings of 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz… are being considered at this time. Symbol duration T u and subcarrier spacing Δf by the formula Δf = 1 / T u In a similar manner as in the LTE system, the term "resource element" may be used to denote a minimum resource unit consisting of one subcarrier of the length of one OFDM / SC-FDMA symbol.

[0046] In the new radio system 5G-NR, for each parameter set and carrier, a resource grid of subcarriers and OFDM symbols is defined for uplink and downlink, respectively. Each element in the resource grid is called a resource element and is identified based on a frequency index in the frequency domain and a symbol position in the time domain (see 3GPP TS 38.211, e.g., v17.1.0, e.g., Section 4). For example, downlink and uplink transmissions are organized into frames with a duration of 10ms, each frame consisting of ten subframes with a duration of 1ms respectively. In a 5g NR implementation, the number of consecutive OFDM symbols per subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing configuration. For example, for a 15-kHz subcarrier spacing, a subframe has 14 OFDM symbols (similar to an implementation compliant with LTE, assuming a normal cyclic prefix). On the other hand, for a 30-kHz subcarrier spacing, a subframe has two slots, each of which includes 14 OFDM symbols.

[0047] 5G NR functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC

[0048] Figure 2 The functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC is shown. The NG-RAN logical node is gNB or ng-eNB. 5GC has logical nodes AMF, UPF and SMF.

[0049] In particular, gNB and ng-eNB are responsible for the following main functions:

[0050] - Functions for radio resource management, such as radio bearer control, radio admission control, connection mobility control, dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink (scheduling);

[0051] -IP header compression, encryption and data integrity protection;

[0052] - When the route to the AMF cannot be determined based on the information provided by the UE, the AMF is selected upon UE attachment;

[0053] - Routing user plane data towards UPF(s);

[0054] - Routing control plane information towards the AMF;

[0055] -Connection establishment and release;

[0056] -Scheduling and transmitting paging messages;

[0057] - Scheduling and transmission of system broadcast information (derived from AMF or OAM);

[0058] - Measurements and measurement reporting configuration for mobility and scheduling;

[0059] - Transmission level packet marking in uplink;

[0060] -Session management;

[0061] -Support network slicing;

[0062] -QoS flow management and mapping to data radio bearers;

[0063] -Support UE in RRC_INACTIVE state;

[0064] -NAS message distribution function;

[0065] - Radio access network sharing;

[0066] -Dual connectivity;

[0067] - Tight interworking between NR and E-UTRA.

[0068] The access and mobility management function (AMF) is responsible for the following main functions:

[0069] - Non-access stratum NAS signaling termination;

[0070] -NAS signaling security;

[0071] -Access layer AS security control;

[0072] - Core Network CN inter-node signalling for mobility between 3GPP access networks;

[0073] - Idle mode UE reachability (including control and execution of paging retransmissions);

[0074] -Registration area management;

[0075] -Support intra-system and inter-system mobility;

[0076] -Access authentication;

[0077] - Access authorization, including roaming rights checks;

[0078] - Mobility management control (subscription and policy);

[0079] -Support network slicing;

[0080] -Session management function SMF selection.

[0081] In addition, the user plane function UPF is responsible for the following main functions:

[0082] - Anchor point for intra-RAT / inter-RAT mobility (when applicable);

[0083] - External PDU session points for interconnection to data networks;

[0084] -Packet routing and forwarding;

[0085] -Packet inspection and user plane part of policy rule enforcement;

[0086] -Business usage reports;

[0087] - Uplink classifier that supports routing of traffic flows to the data network;

[0088] -Support branching points for multi-homed PDU sessions;

[0089] - QoS processing in the user plane (e.g. packet filtering, gating, UL / DL rate enforcement);

[0090] - Uplink service verification (SDF to QoS flow mapping);

[0091] - Downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering.

[0092] Finally, the session management function SMF is responsible for the following main functions:

[0093] -Session management;

[0094] -UE IP address allocation and management;

[0095] -Selection and control of UP function;

[0096] -Configure traffic steering at the user plane function UPF to route the traffic to the appropriate destination;

[0097] -Policy implementation and QoS control part;

[0098] - Downlink data notification.

[0099] RRC connection establishment and reconfiguration process

[0100] Figure 3 Some interactions between the UE, gNB and AMF (5GC entity) are shown in the context of the UE transitioning from RRC_IDLE to RRC_CONNECTED for the NAS part (see 3GPP TS 38.300).

[0101] RRC is a higher layer signaling (protocol) used for UE and gNB configuration. Specifically, the transition involves the AMF preparing UE context data (including, for example, PDU session context, security keys, UE radio capabilities and UE security capabilities, etc.) and sending it to the gNB along with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP REQUEST. The gNB then activates AS security with the UE, which is performed by the gNB sending a SecurityModeCommand message to the UE and by the UE responding to the gNB with a SecurityModeComplete message. Thereafter, the gNB performs reconfiguration to establish a signaling radio bearer 2 SRB2 and (one or more) data radio bearers DRB by sending an RRCReconfiguration message to the UE and receiving an RRCReconfigurationComplete from the UE in response by the gNB. For a signaling-only connection, the steps related to RRCReconfiguration are skipped as SRB2 and DRB are not set up. Finally, the gNB notifies the AMF of the completion of the establishment process with an INITIAL CONTEXT SETUP RESPONSE.

[0102] Therefore, in the present disclosure, an entity (e.g., AMF, SMF, etc.) of a fifth generation core (5GC) is provided, the entity including a control circuit and a transmitter, the control circuit establishing a next generation (NG) connection with a gNodeB, the transmitter sending an initial context establishment message to the gNodeB via the NG connection so that a signaling radio bearer is established between the gNodeB and a user equipment (UE). Specifically, the gNodeB sends a radio resource control RRC signaling containing a resource allocation configuration information element (IE) to the UE via the signaling radio bearer. Then, the UE performs uplink transmission or downlink reception based on the resource allocation configuration.

[0103] IMT use in 2020 and beyond

[0104] Figure 4 Some use cases for 5G NR are shown. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project New Radio (3GPP NR), three use cases are being considered, which have been envisioned to support various services and applications of IMT-2020. The specifications for Phase 1 of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) have been concluded. In addition to further extending eMBB support, current and future work will involve the standardization of ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) and massive machine-type communications. Figure 4 Some examples of envisaged usage scenarios for IMT for 2020 and beyond are shown (see for example ITU-R M.20183 Figure 2 ).

[0105] URLLC use cases have stringent requirements on capabilities such as throughput, latency, and availability, and have been envisioned as one of the enablers for future vertical applications such as wireless control of industrial manufacturing or production processes, telemedicine surgery, distribution automation in smart grids, transportation safety, etc. Ultra-reliability of URLLC will be supported by identifying technologies that meet the requirements set by 3GPP TR38.913 version 16.0.0. For NR URLLC in Release 15, the key requirements include a target user plane delay of 0.5 ms for UL (uplink) and a target user plane delay of 0.5 ms for DL ​​(downlink). The general URLLC requirement for one transmission of a packet is a BLER (block error rate) of 1E-5 for a packet size of 32 bytes with a user plane delay of 1 ms.

[0106] From a physical layer perspective, reliability can be improved in a number of possible ways. The current scope for improving reliability involves defining a separate CQI table for URLLC, a more compact DCI format, repetition of PDCCH, etc. However, as NR becomes more stable and advanced (for NR URLLC key requirements), the scope for achieving ultra-reliability can be expanded. Specific use cases for NR URLLC in Rel.115 include augmented reality / virtual reality (AR / VR), e-health, e-safety, and mission-critical applications.

[0107] In addition, the technical enhancements targeted by NR URLLC are aimed at delay improvement and reliability improvement. Technical enhancements for delay improvement include configurable parameter sets, non-slot-based scheduling with flexible mapping, unlicensed (configured authorization) uplink, slot-level repetition for data channels, and downlink preemption. Preemption means that the transmission for which resources have been allocated is stopped, and the allocated resources are used for another transmission that has been requested later but has lower delay / higher priority requirements. Therefore, the authorized transmission is preempted by the later transmission. Preemption is applicable independently of the specific service type. For example, a transmission for service type A (URLLC) can be used for transmission preemption of service type B (such as eMBB). Technical enhancements related to reliability improvement include a dedicated CQI / MCS table for a target BLER of 1E-5.

[0108] The use case of mMTC (massive machine type communication) is characterized by a very large number of connected devices that typically send relatively small amounts of non-delay-sensitive data. The devices need to be low cost and have very long battery life. From the NR perspective, utilizing very narrow bandwidth portions is a possible solution to save power from the UE's perspective and achieve long battery life.

[0109] As mentioned above, the reliability range in NR is expected to become wider. A key requirement for all cases (especially necessary for URLLC and mMTC) is high reliability or ultra-reliability. Several mechanisms can be considered to improve reliability from a radio perspective and a network perspective. In general, there are several key potential areas that can help improve reliability. These areas include compact control channel information, data / control channel repetition, and diversity in the frequency domain, time domain, and / or spatial domain. Regardless of the specific communication scenario, these areas are generally applicable to reliability.

[0110] For NR URLLC, further use cases with more stringent requirements have been identified, including factory automation, transport industry and power distribution. The more stringent requirements are higher reliability (up to 10 6 level), higher availability, packet sizes up to 256 bytes, time synchronization down to the order of a few μs, where the value can be one or a few μs (depending on the frequency range), and short latency on the order of 0.5 to 1 ms, in particular a target user plane latency of 0.5 ms (depending on the use case).

[0111] In addition, for NR URLLC, several technical enhancements have been identified from a physical layer perspective. These include PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) enhancements related to compact DCI, PDCCH repetition, and increased PDCCH monitoring. In addition, UCI (Uplink Control Information) enhancements are related to enhanced HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) and CSI feedback enhancements. PUSCH enhancements related to mini-slot level hopping and retransmission / repetition enhancements have also been identified. The term "mini-slot" refers to a transmission time interval (TTI) that includes a smaller number of symbols than a slot (a slot including fourteen symbols).

[0112] QoS Control

[0113] The 5G QoS (Quality of Service) model is based on QoS flows and supports QoS flows that require guaranteed flow bit rate (GBR QoS flows) and QoS flows that do not require guaranteed flow bit rate (non-GBR QoS flows). At the NAS level, QoS flows are therefore the finest granularity of QoS differentiation in a PDU session. QoS flows are identified within a PDU session by the QoS Flow ID (QFI) carried in the encapsulation header on the NG-U interface.

[0114] For each UE, the 5GC establishes one or more PDU Sessions. For each UE, the NG-RAN establishes at least one Data Radio Bearer (DRB) together with the PDU Session, and may subsequently configure additional DRBs for the QoS Flow(s) of that PDU Session (when configured by the NG-RAN), e.g. as described above with reference to Figure 3 As shown. NG-RAN maps packets belonging to different PDU sessions to different DRBs. NAS-level packet filters in the UE and in the 5GC associate UL and DL packets with QoS flows, while AS-level mapping rules in the UE and in the NG-RAN associate UL and DL QoS flows with DRBs.

[0115] Figure 5 The 5G NR non-roaming reference architecture is shown (see, e.g., 3GPP TS 23.501 v16.9.0 or v17.4.0, Section 4.2.3). Application Function (AF) (e.g., in Figure 4 The external application server that hosts 5G services as exemplarily described in the 3GPP Core Network (hereinafter referred to as the 5G Service Server) interacts with the 3GPP Core Network to provide services, for example, to support application impact on service routing, access network exposure function (NEF), or interaction with a policy framework (see Policy Control Function, PCF) for policy control (such as QoS control). Based on the operator deployment, application functions that are considered to be trusted by the operator may be allowed to interact directly with related network functions. Application functions that are not allowed by the operator to directly access network functions use the external exposure framework via NEF to interact with related network functions.

[0116] Figure 5 Other functional units of the 5G architecture are shown, namely, network slice selection function (NSSF), network repository function (NRF), unified data management (UDM), authentication server function (AUSF), access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF) and data network (DN), such as operator services, Internet access or third-party services. All or part of the core network functions and application services can be deployed and run on a cloud computing environment.

[0117] Therefore, in the present disclosure, an application server (e.g., AF of a 5G architecture) is provided, which includes a transmitter and a control circuit, which sends a request containing QoS requirements of at least one of URLLC, eMBB and mMTC services to at least one of the functions of 5GC (e.g., NEF, AMF, SMF, PCF, UPF, etc.) to establish a PDU session including a radio bearer between a gNodeB and a UE according to the QoS requirements, and the control circuit performs the service using the established PDU session.

[0118] Bandwidth Device-BWP

[0119] NR systems will support a maximum channel bandwidth that is much wider than the 20 MHz bandwidth of LTE (e.g., 100 MHz). Wideband communications are also supported in LTE via carrier aggregation (CA) of up to 20-MHz component carriers. By defining a wider channel bandwidth in NR, it is possible to dynamically allocate frequency resources via scheduling, which can be more efficient and flexible than LTE's carrier aggregation operation, whose activation / deactivation is based on MAC control elements. Having a single wideband carrier also has advantages in terms of low control overhead, as it only requires a single control signaling (carrier aggregation requires separate control signaling for each aggregated carrier).

[0120] In addition, similar to LTE, NR can also support aggregation of multiple carriers via carrier aggregation or dual connectivity.

[0121] Since UEs do not always require high data rates, the use of wide bandwidths may result in higher idle power consumption from both the RF and baseband signal processing perspectives. In this regard, the newly developed concept of bandwidth portions of NR provides a way to operate UEs with a bandwidth smaller than the configured channel bandwidth in order to provide an energy efficient solution despite supporting wideband operation. Any low-end terminal that cannot access the entire bandwidth of NR can benefit from this.

[0122] A bandwidth part (BWP) is a subset of the total cell bandwidth of a cell (e.g., defined by the location and number of consecutive physical resource blocks (PRBs)). It can be defined separately for uplink and downlink. Furthermore, each bandwidth part can be associated with a specific set of OFDM parameters (e.g., associated with subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix). Bandwidth adaptation is achieved, for example, by configuring a UE with (one or more) BWPs and by telling the UE which of the configured BWPs is currently the active BWP.

[0123] Exemplarily, in 5G NR, a specific BWP is configured only for a UE in the RRC_Connected state. For example, in addition to the initial BWP (e.g., one for UL and one for DL, respectively), the BWP only exists for a UE in the connected state. In order to support the initial data exchange between the UE and the network (e.g., during the process of moving the UE from the RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state to the RRC_CONNECTED state), the initial DL BWP and the initial UL BWP are configured in the minimum system information.

[0124] Although a UE may be configured with more than one BWP (e.g., up to 4 BWPs per serving cell, as currently defined for NR), the UE has only one active DL BWP at a time.

[0125] More information on BWP operation can be found in Section 5.15 of 3GPP TS 38.321 (eg, v16.6.0).

[0126] Switching between configured BWPs can be achieved in different ways. The operation of bandwidth parts in the uplink and downlink is defined, for example, in 5G NR compatible implementations in 3GPP 38.321 (e.g., v16.8.0 Section 5.15). The BWP can be switched, for example, by means of downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., using bandwidth part indicators in DCI format 0_1 ​​(UL authorization) and DCI format 1_1 (DL scheduling)), using bwp-inactivity timers, using RRC signaling, and by the MAC entity itself when initiating a random access procedure. For the primary cell (PCell), the initial BWP is the BWP used for initial access, and the default BWP is the initial BWP unless another initial BWP is explicitly configured. For the secondary cell (SCell), the initial BWP is always explicitly configured, and the default BWP can also be configured. When a default BWP is configured for a serving cell, the expiration of the inactivity timer associated with the cell switches the active BWP to the default BWP.

[0127] Some DCI formats do not contain a BWP ID (such as formats 0_0 and 1_0), while in other DCI formats, the number of bits of the BWP ID is RRC configurable and can be 0, 1, or 2 bits (such as for formats 0_1, 0_2, 1_1, and 1_2).

[0128] Figure 6A scenario of configuring three different BWPs is shown, BWP1 having a frequency bandwidth of 40 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, BWP2 having a width of 10 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and BWP3 having a width of 20 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz.

[0129] For example, different BWPs may be configured using appropriate information elements of the RRC protocol.A carrier bandwidth part is a contiguous set of physical resource blocks selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks for a given numerology set (u) on a given carrier.

[0130] According to an exemplary 5G NR compatible implementation compliant with 3GPP 38.331 (e.g., v16.8.0), different RRCReconfiguration information elements may be used.

[0131] Control Information-Search Space Set

[0132] PDCCH monitoring is done by the UE in order to identify and receive information intended for the UE, such as control information and user traffic (eg, DCI on the PDCCH, and user data on the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH).

[0133] The control information in the downlink (e.g., may be referred to as downlink control information DCI) has essentially the same purpose in 5GNR as DCI in LTE, namely a special set of control information for, for example, scheduling a downlink data channel (e.g., PDSCH) or an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). In an exemplary 5G NR compatible implementation, a number of different DCI formats have been defined (see TS 38.212, e.g., v17.1.0 Section 7.3.1). An overview is given by the following table.

[0134]

[0135]

[0136] In 5G NR, PDCCH is sent in a radio resource region called a Control Resource Set (CORESET). In LTE, the concept of a CORESET does not exist explicitly. Instead, the PDCCH in LTE uses the full carrier bandwidth (four for most narrowband cases) in the first 1-3 OFDM symbols. In contrast, a CORESET in 5G NR can occur anywhere within a timeslot and anywhere in the frequency range of the carrier, except for CORESETs where the UE is not expected to process outside its active bandwidth part (BWP).

[0137] Therefore, the UE performs a monitoring operation of the PDCCH (e.g., as defined in 3GPP TS 38.213 (e.g., Version 17.1.0, Sections 10 and 11)). As exemplarily defined therein, the UE monitors a PDCCH candidate set, which is defined according to a PDCCH search space set. The search space set may be a common search space set (CSS set) or a UE-specific search space set (USS set).

[0138] As exemplarily defined by 3GPP TS 38.213 section 10.1, the UE monitors PDCCH candidates in one or more of the following CSS and USS sets:

[0139] -Type0-PDCCH CSS set, configured by pdcch-ConfigSIB1 in MIB or by searchSpaceSIB1 in PDCCH-ConfigCommon or by searchSpaceZero in PDCCH-ConfigCommon, for DCI format with CRC scrambled by SI-RNTI on primary cell of MCG

[0140] -Type0A-PDCCH CSS set, which is configured by searchSpaceOtherSystemInformation in PDCCH-ConfigCommon, for DCI format with CRC scrambled by SI-RNTI on the primary cell of the MCG

[0141] -Type1-PDCCH CSS set, which is configured by ra-SearchSpace in PDCCH-ConfigCommon, for DCI formats with CRC scrambled by RA-RNTI, MsgB-RNTI or TC-RNTI on the primary cell

[0142] -Type2-PDCCH CSS set, which is configured by pagingSearchSpace in PDCCH-ConfigCommon, for DCI format with CRC scrambled by P-RNTI on the primary cell of the MCG

[0143] - Type3-PDCCH CSS set, which is configured by SearchSpace (searchSpaceType=common) in PDCCH-Config, for DCI formats with CRC scrambled by INT-RNTI, SFI-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-SRS-RNTI, or CI-RNTI, and only for primary cell, C-RNTI, MCS-C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or PS-RNTI, and

[0144] -USS set configured with SearchSpace (searchSpaceType=ue-Specific) in PDCCH-Config, for DCI format with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, MCS-C-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SL-RNTI, SL-CS-RNTI or SL semi-persistent scheduling V-RNTI.

[0145] The search space sets are monitored in one or more CORESETs on the active DLBWP on each activated serving cell configured with PDCCH monitoring using the corresponding search space sets, where monitoring means decoding each PDCCH candidate according to the monitored DCI format.

[0146] Conceptually, Figure 6 An exemplary illustration of the relationship between the bandwidth part, CORESET, search space, search space set and PDCCH candidates that a UE can monitor is provided. Figure 6 As is apparent in FIG, one CORESET is shown per BWP, but more than one CORESET is possible. Each CORESET may then have several search spaces for one or more PDCCH candidates at a specific aggregation level (such as AL2, 4, or 8), which may then be grouped into search space sets (such as a common SS set and a UE-specific SS set).

[0147] Time Domain in 5G NR

[0148] In the time domain, transmissions in 5G NR are organized into frames of 10ms in length, each of which is divided into 10 equally sized subframes of 1ms in length. The subframes are in turn divided into one or more slots, each consisting of 14 OFDM symbols. The duration of a slot (in milliseconds) depends on the parameter set. For example, with a 15kHz subcarrier spacing, the NR slot therefore has the same structure as an LTE subframe with a normal cyclic prefix. The subframes in 5G NR serve as a parameter set-independent time reference, which is useful, especially in cases where multiple parameter sets are mixed on the same carrier, while the slot is a typical dynamically scheduled unit. This frame structure, on which 3GPP 5G NR communications are based, is described in detail in the 3GPP 5G NR Specification. Figure 7 It is shown as an example in FIG.

[0149] 5G NR provides multiple slot formats, and the slot format indicates how each symbol within a single slot is used. It defines which symbols within a specific slot are used for uplink and which symbols are used for downlink. In LTE TDD, if a subframe (equivalent to a slot in NR) is configured for DL ​​or UL, all symbols within the subframe should be used as DL or UL. But in NR, each symbol within a slot can be configured differently as DL or UL. There are also flexible symbols that can be DL or UL. In an exemplary 5G NR compatible implementation, the gNB uses a slot format indicator (SFI) to inform the UE of the slot format to be used (see also TS 38.213v16.7.0 Section 11.1.1). For example, the slot format indicator includes an index value associated with the slot format (e.g., in the form of a table).

[0150] Uplink Control Information and Scheduling Request (SR) in 5G NR

[0151] While downlink control information is carried by the PDCCH (see explanation above), uplink control information (UCI) may be sent on the PUCCH or PUSCH depending on the situation. The uplink control information may be channel state information (CSI), ACK / NACK information, and scheduling requests. Not all of these need to be carried by a single PUCCH transmission. For example, CSI may be carried alone, or ACK / NACK may be carried alone, or SR may be carried alone, or CSI and ACK / NACK may be sent together in the PUCCH, etc.

[0152] There are a number of different PUCCH formats that can be used to send UCI, and there are currently five PUCCH formats 0-4. Two of the formats (0 and 2) are sometimes called short PUCCH formats because they occupy a maximum of 2 OFDM symbols. In many cases, the last one or two OFDM symbols in a slot are used for PUCCH transmission, for example, to send a hybrid ARQ acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) for downlink data transmission.

[0153] Three of formats 1, 3, and 4 are sometimes referred to as long PUCCH formats because they occupy 4 to 14 OFDM symbols. The reason for having a longer duration than the previous two formats is coverage. If the duration of one or two OFDM symbols does not provide enough receive energy for reliable reception, a longer duration is needed and one of the long PUCCH formats can be used.

[0154] For example, which PUCCH format to use can be determined based on how many bits of UCI should be sent and how many symbols (duration of PUCCH) can be used, as exemplarily shown in the following table (see, e.g., 3GPP TS 38.211, e.g., v17.1.0, Section 6.3.2).

[0155] UCI can be flexibly sent on PUCCH in the time domain and frequency domain using specially assigned radio resources (e.g., PUCCH resource sets). The UE can be configured with up to four sets of PUCCH resources, where a PUCCH resource set is associated with a PUCCH resource set index. Specifically, a PUCCH resource set contains at least four PUCCH resource configurations, where each resource configuration contains the PUCCH format to be used and all transmission parameters required for the format. The configuration of such resources can be done by, for example, different information elements of the RRC protocol layer (such as, PUCCH-Config information element) (see, for example, 3GPP TS 38.331, e.g., v16.7.0, such as Section 6.3.2).

[0156] As described above, up to four PUCCH resource sets can be configured for a UE, each of which corresponds to a specific range of UCI feedback to be sent. For example, PUCCH resource set 0 can handle up to two bits of UCI payload and therefore only contains PUCCH formats 0 and 1, while the remaining PUCCH resource sets can contain any PUCCH format except formats 0 and 1.

[0157] Current reporting of UCI in PUCCH is defined in 3GPP TS 38.213 (eg, v17.1.0, section 9.2).

[0158] The PUCCH resource may include one or more of the following parameters:

[0159] PUCCH resource index

[0160] The index of the first PRB (Physical Resource Block) is before frequency hopping and for no frequency hopping

[0161] The index of the first PRB after frequency hopping

[0162] Indication for frequency hopping within a time slot

[0163] PUCCH format configuration

[0164] PUCCH resources are assigned by the gNB so that they are different for each UE. The UE uses the pre-configured PUCCH resources without any coordination from the gNB. By assigning different PUCCH resources to the UEs, it is ensured that the UEs can use these resources simultaneously without causing conflict or interference between each other.

[0165] The transmission of scheduling requests using PUCCH is defined in 3GPP TS 38.213 (e.g., v17.1.0, Section 9.2.4). The UE is configured with specific parameters for determining the scheduling request radio resources to be used for sending a scheduling request (SR). For example, periodicity and offset are defined for SR transmission and are used to determine the time slot and / or frame number of the SR transmission opportunity based on (one or more) configured PUCCH resource sets.

[0166] In the aspect, the configuration of such SR resources may be accomplished by, for example, different information elements of the RRC protocol layer, such as the SchedulingRequestConfig information element and the SchedulingRequestResourceConfig information element (see, for example, 3GPP TS 38.331 v16.7.0, such as section 6.3.2).

[0167] In short, a scheduling request is basically a flag generated by a user equipment to request uplink resources from the uplink scheduler at the base station. Since the device requesting resources has no PUSCH resources available, the scheduling request is sent on the PUCCH using the pre-configured and periodically recurring PUCCH resources dedicated to the UE. The serving base station can then assign radio resources to the user equipment.

[0168] Unlike LTE, 5G NR supports the configuration of multiple scheduling requests from a single device. A logical channel can be mapped to zero or more scheduling request configurations. This provides the gNB with information not only about the presence of data waiting to be transmitted in the device, but also what type of data is waiting to be transmitted. This can be useful information for the gNB to consider the various types of services that 5G NR is designed to support. For example, the gNB may want to schedule the user equipment for transmission of latency-critical information, but not for non-latency-critical information.

[0169] Each device can be assigned a dedicated PUCCH scheduling request resource with a period ranging from every other OFDM symbol (to support very delay critical services) up to every 80ms (for low overhead). Only one scheduling request can be sent at a given time, i.e. in case multiple logical channels have data to send, an exemplary behavior is to trigger a scheduling request corresponding to the highest priority logical channel. It can only be requested in repeated and subsequent resources until a grant is received from the gNB. An inhibit timer can also be configured, controlling how often a scheduling request can be sent. In the case of multiple scheduling request resources, both configurations are done per scheduling request resource.

[0170] Configuration authorization in SPS and uplink

[0171] In the downlink, the gNB may dynamically allocate resources to the UE via the C-RNTI on the PDCCH (see, e.g., DCI above). Similarly, in the uplink, the gNB may dynamically allocate resources to the UE via the C-RNTI on the PDCCH(s) (see, e.g., DCI above). In addition to the dynamic allocation of downlink and uplink resources, 5G NR also provides scheduling enhancements according to which resource allocation in 5G NR may be achieved based on Semi-Persistent Scheduling (SPS) in the downlink and based on Configuration Grant (CG) in the uplink.

[0172] In the downlink, the semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) function is adopted in 5G NR as a further development of the SPS of the previous communication system for LTE, where it is applicable to both uplink and downlink. In addition, in LTE, the SPS configuration is generally dedicated to a single device. If the device does not need the allocated periodic resources (for example, only sending data for specific events (such as collision warnings)), the SPS resources not used by the UE are wasted.

[0173] According to an example implementation consistent with 5G NR, RRC defines the relevant parameters of SPS. The RRC information element SPS-Config is defined in 3GPP 38.331 (e.g., V16.7.0) for configuring downlink semi-persistent transmission. For example, RRC defines the periodicity of the configured downlink assignment, the number of HARQ processes, MCS, etc.

[0174] DL SPS supports different periodicities, for example, common to all subcarrier spacing (SCS) or dependent on the subcarrier spacing. An example of the periodicity currently defined in TS 38.331 (when dependent on SCS) is as follows:

[0175] For 15kHz SCS: {1, 2, 3…, 640} ms

[0176] For 30kHz SCS: 0.5x{1, 2, 3…, 1280}ms

[0177] For 60kHz SCS: 0.25x{1,2,3…,2560}ms

[0178] For 120kHz SCS: 0.125×{1, 2, 3…, 5120}ms

[0179] The UE may be configured with several (e.g. up to 8) actively configured downlink assignments for one BWP of the serving cell. When more than one is configured:

[0180] - The network decides which of these configured downlink assignments are active at a moment in time (including all of them); and

[0181] - Each configured downlink assignment is activated individually using a DCI command, and deactivation of a configured downlink assignment is done using a DCI command, which may deactivate a single configured downlink assignment or deactivate multiple configured downlink assignments collectively.

[0182] A PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI may signal and activate a configured downlink assignment, whereas a PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI may indicate that a downlink assignment can be implicitly reused according to an RRC defined periodicity until deactivated. For example, retransmissions are explicitly scheduled on the PDCCH when needed.

[0183] SPS is particularly useful for periodic downlink data transmission such as Voice over IP (VoIP) services. The base station configures SPS radio resources, and the UE can use these periodic radio resources without an additional scheduling request procedure.

[0184] Uplink data transmission generally requires resources requested by the UE, followed by packet scheduling decisions and resource allocation on the scheduling side (e.g., base station). The allocation cycle results in additional delays and signaling notifications. Radio resource allocation delays between the UE and the base station can be avoided by allowing the UE to use radio resources without previously requesting the radio resources from the base station. This can be implemented through the so-called Configuration Grant (CG).

[0185] In addition, by using configuration authorization, multiple devices (UEs) can be allowed to share periodic radio resources (this helps reduce the waste of periodic radio resources compared to LTE SPS). On the other hand, there is also the possibility of the gNB defining periodic radio resources in a way that the periodic radio resources are not shared or fully shared among multiple UEs. The gNB allocates the radio resources of the configuration authorization to one or more UEs, and then these UEs randomly utilize these periodic radio resources when they have to send data (for example, small data). With CG, the network eliminates the packet transmission delay caused by a specific scheduling request process, which otherwise must be performed before the data can be sent. As a result, the utilization of the allocated periodic radio resources can also be increased.

[0186] Two types of authorization-free configuration schemes are supported in 3GPP Release 16 and Release 17, namely Type 1 and Type 2 (see 3GPP 38.300EGV16.8.0: "NR; NR and NG-RAN Overall Description; Stage 2 (Release 16)", Section 10.3). According to this exemplary embodiment of 3GPP TS 38.300, using Type 1 CG, RRC directly provides the configured uplink grant to (one or more) UEs, for example including its periodicity.

[0187] With type 2 configured grants, RRC defines the periodicity of the configured uplink grant, and a PDCCH message addressed to the CS-RNTI of (one or more) UEs can signal and activate the configured uplink grant, or deactivate it; the PDCCH indication addressed to the CS-RNTI can implicitly reuse the uplink grant according to the periodicity defined by RRC until deactivation. In other words, additional L1 signaling (e.g., PDCCH) is introduced, where the uplink is semi-persistently scheduled by an RRC-based uplink grant, which is activated / deactivated by an activation (deactivation) DCI. RRC provides higher layer parameters for CG configuration.

[0188] In both cases, according to an exemplary 3GPP implementation, the RRC provides the grant configuration to the UE via a higher layer parameter called ConfiguredGrantConfig (see 3GPP TS 38.331 v16.7.0, section 6.3.2 "Radio resource control information elements").

[0189] The resource configuration for the CG may include, for example, physical resources and / or reference signal (RS) parameters in the time domain and / or frequency domain. The configuration parameters may also include a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and / or a number of repetitions and / or a periodicity and / or a transport block size.

[0190] Retransmissions other than repetitions are explicitly allocated via the PDCCH(s) or via configuration of a retransmission timer.

[0191] UL CG supports different periodicities, which may depend on the subcarrier spacing. An example of the periodicity currently defined in TS 38.331 (when depending on the SCS) is as follows:

[0192] For 15kHz SCS: multiples of 1ms up to 640ms, or multiples of 2 symbols (1 / 7ms), or multiples of 7 symbols (0.5ms)

[0193] For 30kHz SCS: multiples of 1 / 2ms up to 640ms, or multiples of 2 symbols (1 / 14ms), or multiples of 7 symbols (0.25ms)

[0194] XR Extended Reality in Rel.18

[0195] The 3GPP study item deals with Extended Reality (XR) in RAN 1 and RAN 2. The aim is to provide efficient communication for Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR) and cloud gaming. In particular, technologies for XR (Extended Reality) are studied, for example in order to adapt to XR service characteristics (such as periodicity, multiple streams, jitter, latency, reliability, etc.). The considered XR applications require high data rates in downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) with relatively strict packet delay budgets (PDB). In addition, some of the XR applications run on devices with limited energy sources (e.g., wearable glasses or handheld devices). Therefore, energy efficiency is an important issue.

[0196] XR applications impose various data traffic, including video streaming. Video frames are quite large and have varying sizes. They are characterized as quasi-periodic because video frames arrive over a time window. Moreover, the periodicity of the time window is non-integer with respect to radio frames / time slots / symbols.

[0197] Packet size: For high-quality video streaming, after compression of 8K video, the frame size will be about 1M bits. This results in packets with large sizes.

[0198] • Varying size: The frame size may vary due to I-frames or P-frames / B-frames.

[0199] Periodicity: Video streams generally produce 60 / 90 / 120 FPS, which correspond to periodicities of 16.667, 11.111, and 8.333 ms, respectively.

[0200] Jitter: Frame packets will arrive at the gNB / UE within a [-4,4]ms time window or even larger.

[0201] Latency budget: The latency budget for delivering XR packets can be tight, e.g. 10ms for AR / VR and 15ms for cloud gaming.

[0202] Further Improvements

[0203] In the above, the research items of XR are briefly presented. However, the current 5G NR version cannot effectively support XR services such as video streaming. This is due to the non-integer periodicity of video packets, the varying arrival of packets, and the large and varying packet sizes.

[0204] The UE may use dynamic scheduling for XR services. In one example for the uplink, this would first involve transmitting a scheduling request from the UE to the base station to request uplink resources. The base station may then send a dynamic uplink grant to the UE on a suitable downlink control channel, such as the PDCCH, for transmission of uplink XR services. In the downlink, the base station may send a downlink resource assignment on a suitable downlink control channel, such as the PDCCH, indicating the downlink resources that the base station will use to send downlink XR services. Therefore, the use of dynamic scheduling for XR services increases the signaling overhead and imposes the UE to frequently monitor PDCCH opportunities, resulting in high power consumption at the UE. It also increases network power consumption for DL ​​and GL grants and corresponding PDCCH transmissions.

[0205] Figure 8 This solution is shown. Specifically, Figure 8An exemplary scenario is shown according to which the UE does not have periodic CG resources available in the uplink, but must request uplink resources using a scheduling request. In the aspect, the UE has a scheduling request configuration with periodic uplink resources for sending scheduling requests, for example, via an uplink control channel (such as PUCCH). Assume that the SR resources have a period of 4ms. Exemplarily, it is assumed that the video stream has 60fps, so that a video frame is generated every 1 / 60=16,6666ms. The video frames are generated on the UE side over a jitter window of 8ms. Figure 8 Shown is how four video frames arrive at different times within corresponding jitter windows.

[0206] As from Figure 8 As is evident in Figure 1, when a video frame arrives within the jitter window, the UE uses the next SR uplink opportunity to send a scheduling request to the base station. Upon receiving the scheduling request, the base station can dynamically grant the UE appropriate uplink resources and send the corresponding uplink grant to the UE (in Figure 8 The UE may then use the granted uplink resources to send the video frames to the base station in a timely manner.

[0207] Unused periodic SR uplink resources are shown with empty boxes, while periodic SR uplink resources used for sending SR are shown with striped boxes. Additional striped boxes show dynamically allocated uplink resources used for sending video frames.

[0208] To avoid dynamic scheduling of XR services, periodically configured resources (such as SPS or CG) can be used to deliver XR data (see, for example, the above description of SPS, CG, and 5G NR). However, this approach may require reserving too many resources, which is neither resource efficient nor power efficient, and will reduce the number of devices supported in the network.

[0209] Fig. 9 An exemplary scenario is shown, which is Figure 8 For ease of explanation and understanding, Figure 8 Similar assumptions (including 8ms jitter window, 4ms periodicity of CG uplink resources). Fig. 9 It is shown that CG uplink resources are over-provisioned for sending a video stream with 60fps in the uplink. The UE knows when the jitter window occurs, at least at its application. Fig. 9It shows how four video frames arrive at different times within the corresponding jitter windows and are then sent by available CG uplink resources within and outside the jitter windows. Unused periodic CG uplink resources are shown with empty boxes, while periodic CG uplink resources used to send video frames are shown with striped boxes.

[0210] from Fig. 9 It can also be seen in that, exemplarily, it is assumed that there is only one active CG configuration with a period of 4 ms. The periodicity of the CG uplink resources (4 ms) and the video frames (16,666 6 ms) do not overlap, and result in a relative shift of the appearance of the CG uplink resources with respect to the jitter window within which the video frames are generated.

[0211] To avoid long delays in video frame transmission, the UE is provided with sufficient opportunities to send video frames as early as possible. In this example, it is assumed that there is a periodic configured uplink grant of 4ms. Although over-provisioning of CG resources can achieve low latency, this will result in low resource utilization.

[0212] also, Fig.10 It is shown that the UE is over-provisioned with SPS downlink resources to be able to receive the video stream, in this case also receiving the video stream at 60fps. Fig. 9 Similar assumptions are made as in , including an 8 ms jitter window and a 4 ms periodicity of the SPS downlink resources. Fig.10 Frames 1-4 are shown arriving at the base station. From the UE's perspective, the UE does not necessarily know the location of the jitter window, and does not necessarily know when the video frames are generated at the base station. Instead, the UE periodically monitors all periodic downlink resources according to the SPS configuration shown, and will be able to receive Fig.10 XR video frames 1-4 are shown in . Fig.10 As is also apparent in FIG. 1 , although a video frame arrives (eg, is generated) at a base station within the jitter window, it may have been sent by a base station outside the jitter window.

[0213] However, XR and video streaming are only specific exemplary scenarios where the above disadvantages exist. There are other scenarios as well. Therefore, the present invention and its solutions are not only applicable to XR and video streaming.

[0214] The inventors have therefore identified the possibility of providing an improved transmission procedure allowing one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages to be avoided. The present invention relates to different solutions and variants for such an improved transmission procedure.

[0215] Example

[0216] In the following, UE, base station and corresponding procedures that meet these requirements will be described for the new radio access technology envisioned for the 5G mobile communication system, but it can also be used in the LTE mobile communication system or future mobile communication systems. Different implementations and variants will also be explained. The following disclosure is facilitated by the discussions and findings as described above, and may, for example, be based on at least a portion thereof.

[0217] In general, it should be noted that many assumptions have been and are being made herein in order to be able to explain the basic principles of the present disclosure in a clear, concise and understandable manner. However, these assumptions should be understood as examples made herein for illustrative purposes only, which are not necessarily necessary for the present invention and therefore should not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the principles of the following disclosure and the principles set forth in the claims can be applied to different scenarios and in ways not explicitly described herein.

[0218] In addition, some of the terms such as process, entity, layer, etc. used below are closely related to the terms used in LTE / LTE-A systems or the current 3GPP 5G standardization, even if the specific terms used in the context of new radio access technologies for the next communication system have not yet been fully determined or may eventually change. Therefore, the terms may be changed in the future without affecting the functions of the corresponding features and embodiments. Therefore, the technicians realize that the embodiments and their scope of protection should not be limited to the specific terms used exemplarily in this document due to the lack of updated or finally agreed terms, but should be understood more broadly in terms of the functions and concepts that form the basis of the technical solutions explained in this disclosure.

[0219] For example, a mobile station or mobile node or user terminal or user equipment (UE) is a physical entity (physical node) within a communication network. A node may have several functional entities. A functional entity refers to a software or hardware module that implements and / or provides a predetermined set of functions to other functional entities of the same or another node or network. A node may have one or more interfaces that attach the node to a communication facility or medium through which the node can communicate. Similarly, a network entity may have a logical interface that attaches the functional entity to a communication facility or medium through which the network entity can communicate with other functional entities or communication nodes.

[0220] The term "base station" or "radio base station" refers here to a physical entity within a communication network. Like a mobile station, a base station may have several functional entities. A functional entity refers to a software or hardware module that implements and / or provides a predetermined set of functions to other functional entities of the same or another node or network. The physical entity performs some control tasks regarding the communication device, including one or more of scheduling and configuration. Note that the base station functionality and the communication device functionality may also be integrated within a single device. For example, a mobile terminal may also implement the functionality of a base station for other terminals. The term used in LTE is eNB (or eNodeB), while the term currently used for 5G NR is gNB. In addition, the base station may also be a gNB in ​​a non-terrestrial network (NTN) NR system.

[0221] The communication between the UE and the base station is generally standardized and may be defined by different layers such as PHY, MAC, RRC, etc. (see background discussion above).

[0222] The expression "configuration resources" herein shall cover one or both of "periodic radio resources" (also referred to as "periodic resources") in uplink and downlink. The term "periodic radio resources" used in this application shall be broadly understood to refer to radio resources that occur periodically in time (e.g., in the time domain and / or frequency domain).

[0223] These "configuration resources" (e.g., "periodic radio resources") can be pre-allocated to the UE (or more UEs) by the corresponding base station (serving UE), and are therefore already configured and can be used by the UE and the base station without the UE having to request radio resources first. In other words, the base station does not need to allocate these resources separately. Accordingly, the configuration resources in the downlink can be used by the base station to send downlink data to the UE, and may also be referred to as semi-persistent SPS resources or SPS downlink resources. An exemplary implementation of such configured downlink resources is given above with respect to the SPS of 3GPP 5G. In addition, the configuration resources in the uplink can be used by the UE to send uplink data to the base station, and may also be referred to as a configuration grant, CG, or CG uplink grant. An exemplary implementation of such configured uplink resources is given above with respect to the CG of 3GPP 5G.

[0224] The expression "jitter window" as used herein may be understood to refer to a property of how video frames are generated for a video application. Video frames are not generated at specific periodic time points, but rather quasi-periodically, i.e., over a time window whose units are periodic. Other possible expressions may be "time window", "video frame generation window", "packet arrival window" or "frame arrival window" or similar expressions.

[0225] The term "prohibit" as used herein may be understood as, for example, that something should not be executed or used (such as, use of a resource). The term "prohibit" is generally used together with a prohibition time period or a prohibition duration, meaning that the "prohibition" is limited in time, and after the end of the prohibition time period, execution or use of the prohibited content is allowed again. Another possible term may be "skip" or "not allowed", or "interrupt" or similar terms.

[0226] The term "monitoring" or "monitor" may be broadly understood as a process of, for example, attempting to decode possible candidates for receiving a DCI message, for example based on a specific format. Such a decoding attempt may also be referred to as blind decoding.

[0227] Fig.11 A general, simplified and exemplary block diagram of a user equipment (also referred to as a communication device) and a scheduling device (here exemplarily assumed to be located in a base station, such as an LTE eNB (alternatively referred to as ng-eNB) or a gNB in ​​5G NR) is shown. The UE and the eNB / gNB communicate with each other via a (wireless) physical channel using a transceiver, respectively.

[0228] The communication device may include a transceiver and a processing circuit. The transceiver may include and / or be used as a receiver and a transmitter. The processing circuit may be one or more hardware, such as one or more processors or any LSI. There is an input / output point (or node) between the transceiver and the processing circuit, and the processing circuit may control the transceiver (i.e., control the receiver and / or transmitter and exchange receive / transmit data) through the input / output point (or node). As a transceiver and a transmitter, the receiver may include an RF (radio frequency) front end, which includes one or more antennas, amplifiers, RF modulators / demodulators, etc. The processing circuit may implement control tasks, such as controlling the transceiver to send user data and control data provided by the processing circuit and / or receiving user data and control data further processed by the processing circuit. The processing circuit may also be responsible for performing other processing, such as determining, deciding, calculating, measuring, etc. The transmitter may be responsible for performing the transmission process and other processes related thereto. The receiver may be responsible for performing the reception process and other processes related thereto, such as monitoring channels.

[0229] Different solutions for the improved transmission procedure are described below. In the context, an improved UE, an improved base station and an improved integrated circuit are proposed, which participate in the improved transmission procedure alone or together. Corresponding methods for UE behavior and base station behavior are also provided. The integrated circuit corresponds to the UE and the base station, and corresponds to their behaviors respectively.

[0230] First solution

[0231] This paper proposes an improved transmission procedure as a first solution.

[0232] Fig.12 A simplified and exemplary UE structure showing an exemplary implementation of an improved transmission procedure according to the first solution, which can be based on a combination of Fig.11 The general UE structure explained is implemented. Fig.12 The various structural elements of the UE shown in the figure may be interconnected with each other (eg, with corresponding input / output nodes (not shown)), for example, to exchange control and user data and other signals. Although not shown for illustration purposes, the UE may include additional structural elements.

[0233] As from Fig.12 Obviously, the UE may include a video application operating circuit and a video frame generating circuit, a video frame transceiver for sending and receiving video frames, and a prohibition circuit for accessing periodic resources.

[0234] In the present case, as will become apparent from the following disclosure, the receiver of the UE may therefore exemplarily at least partially perform one or more of the following: receiving video frames, receiving information about a jitter window operating at a base station, and the like.

[0235] In the present case, as will become apparent from the following disclosure, the processing circuitry of the UE may therefore exemplarily at least partially perform one or more of: operating a video application, generating video frames, determining when to prohibit use of additional periodic resources, prohibiting use of additional periodic resources, etc.

[0236] In the present case, as will become apparent from the following disclosure, the transmitter of the UE may therefore exemplarily at least partially perform one or more of the following: sending video frames, sending information about the timing of a jitter window operating at the UE, etc.

[0237] An exemplary procedure disclosed in further detail below is implemented by a UE, which includes the following. A processing circuit of the UE operates a video application, and a video frame is generated periodically according to the video application with a video frame. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, and the jitter window has a jitter window length. A transceiver of the UE uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station. The radio resources are determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations. When the processing circuit determines that data of a video frame of a video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged using a periodic resource configured by one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of another periodic radio resource configured according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0238] The corresponding exemplary method includes the following steps performed by the UE:

[0239] · operating a video application, generating video frames according to the video application with a video frame periodicity, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0240] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0241] When it is determined that data of the video frame of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged using a periodic resource of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, determining to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0242] Fig.13 , a corresponding sequence diagram of an exemplary UE behavior according to the above-mentioned UE and UE method is shown in . As is apparent from there, the UE operates a video application, wherein the video application operates based on video frames. In addition, the UE exchanges video frames based on radio resources, which may include sending video frames to a base station and receiving video frames from a base station. The UE then determines whether data of the video frame (whether received or sent) is exchanged by using periodic resources. If yes ( Fig.15 If yes in the above, the UE continues to prohibit the use of additional periodic radio resources configured according to one or more periodic resources for a period of time.

[0243] Although not in Fig.13 , but the inhibition ends after the end of the inhibition period and the UE is again allowed to use the (previously inhibited) periodic resources according to one or more periodic resource configurations.

[0244] Therefore, the above-mentioned improved transmission procedure achieves the purpose and overcomes some of the above-mentioned shortcomings. For example, because the periodic resources that will not be used are prohibited, resource utilization increases and it is therefore clear on both sides (i.e., UE and BS sides) that these prohibited radio resources will not be used by the communication partner (partner). Regarding the prohibited downlink resources, the UE can save power because the UE does not need to monitor the prohibited periodic resources in the downlink knowing that the base station is prohibited (i.e., not allowed) to send video frames therein. In addition, there is no possibility that the UE miscodes the information detected at those periodic downlink resources. In addition, in one example, the UE does not need to send a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for unused periodic downlink resources as feedback to the base station.

[0245] With respect to configuring the authorized prohibited uplink resources, the base station can also save power because the base station does not need to monitor the prohibited periodic CG resources in the uplink knowing that the UE is prohibited (i.e., not allowed) to send video frames therein. In addition, there is no possibility that the base station misdecodes the information detected at those periodic uplink resources. In addition, in one example, the base station does not need to send a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for unused periodic uplink resources as feedback to the base station.

[0246] With respect to the prohibited uplink resources for scheduling requests, the base station can save power because the base station does not need to monitor the prohibited SR uplink resources knowing that the UE is prohibited (i.e., not allowed) to send scheduling requests therein. In addition, there is no possibility that the base station misinterprets the information detected at those periodic SR uplink resources as actual SR and grants uplink / downlink resources to the UE.

[0247] Some exemplary embodiments of the improved transmission procedure also involve a base station to which the UE is currently connected (referred to as, for example, a serving base station, because the base station serves the UE). Accordingly, the improved transmission procedure also provides for improved base stations participating therein.

[0248] Fig.14 A simplified and exemplary base station structure according to an exemplary embodiment of an improved transmission procedure is shown, which can be based on a combination of Fig.11 The general base station structure explained above is implemented. Fig.14 The various structural elements of the base station shown in the figure can be interconnected with each other (e.g., with corresponding input / output nodes (not shown)), for example, to exchange control and user data and other signals. Although not shown for illustrative purposes, the base station may include additional structural elements.

[0249] As is apparent from this, the base station includes a video application operating circuit and a video frame generating circuit, a video frame transceiver for transmitting and receiving video frames, and a prohibition circuit for accessing periodic resources.

[0250] In the present case, as will become apparent from the following disclosure, the receiver of the base station may therefore exemplarily at least partially perform one or more of the following: receiving video frames from the UE and receiving information about the timing of the jitter window operating at the UE, etc.

[0251] In the present case, as will become apparent from the following disclosure, the processing circuitry of the base station may therefore exemplarily at least partially perform one or more of the following: operating a video application, generating video frames, determining when to prohibit use of additional periodic resources, prohibiting use of additional periodic resources, etc.

[0252] In the present case, as will become apparent from the following disclosure, the transmitter of the base station can therefore exemplarily at least partially perform one or more of the following: sending video frames and sending information about the jitter window operating at the base station, etc.

[0253] An exemplary procedure, which will be disclosed in further detail below, is implemented by a base station, which includes the following. A processing circuit operates a video application, and a video frame is generated periodically according to the video application. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, and the jitter window has a jitter window length. A transceiver uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of the video application between a UE and a base station. The radio resources are determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations. When the processing circuit determines that data of a video frame of a video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged using a periodic resource configured by one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of another periodic radio resource configured according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0254] The corresponding method comprises the following steps performed by the base station:

[0255] operating a video application, generating video frames according to the video application with a video frame periodicity, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0256] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station using radio resources determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0257] When it is determined that data of the video frame of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged using a periodic resource configured using one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, determining to prohibit use of another periodic radio resource according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0258] Fig.15 A corresponding sequence diagram of an exemplary base station behavior according to the above base station and corresponding method is shown in FIG. The sequence diagram shows an exemplary and simplified base station of the above embodiment method.

[0259] Fig.16 A simplified and exemplary interaction between an improved UE and an improved base station illustrating the above-mentioned improved transmission procedure of the first solution. Fig.16 shows a sequence exchange of two video frames (either downlink or uplink). In between, it further shows that both sides (UE and BS; here Fig.16 1 shows how, for example, a gNB) prohibits the use of further periodic resources during a prohibited time period. Subsequently (i.e., after the end of the prohibited time period), the next video frame can be exchanged between the UE and the base station using the periodic resources.

[0260] Therefore, the above advantages on the UE and BS sides can be achieved.

[0261] In the following, more specific implementations and variations of the above operations of the first solution will be described. The description will be mainly presented from the UE side, but it is also applicable to the base station side.

[0262] In the following, the solution and its variants and implementations are described based on a video stream of video frames exchanged between a UE and a base station. In one example, the video application is an application for extended reality (XR), as presented above for 5G NR.

[0263] However, this is only an example of a scenario where the solution can be applied. The solution can also be applied to other scenarios besides video (i.e., in scenarios where data is exchanged with a certain periodicity, for example over a generation window, such as a jitter window of video frames). Other scenarios are, for example, the exchange of quasi-periodic data, including data from monitoring or sensing applications, such as smart metering, environmental monitoring, or agricultural monitoring.

[0264] However, in the following, for ease of explanation, it is exemplarily assumed that the UE and the base station operate a video application, which involves exchanging video frames in the downlink and / or uplink. The video frames are generated with a specific video frame periodicity, which depends on the video application, for example, based on the frames per second (fps) of the video stream (such as 60fps, 90fps, 120fps or another suitable value).

[0265] Furthermore, it is assumed that although such video frames themselves are periodic (see fps above), the generation of video frames is quasi-periodic and occurs at time points during a time window, exemplarily referred to herein as a "jitter window".

[0266] According to the solution, periodic resources are available for the exchange of video frames, wherein these periodic resources are configured using one or more periodic resource configurations. Each periodic resource configuration configures a set of periodic resources available for the exchange of video frames.

[0267] The present solution involves three different types of periodic resources, including semi-persistent scheduling SPS resources in the downlink, configuration authorization resources in the uplink, and scheduling request SR resources in the uplink. In the following, the solution is described in conjunction with all three types of periodic resources. The UE and base station can implement and support this solution for all three types. However, this is not required. On the contrary, the solution can also be applied to only one of the three types, or to a combination of two or three types. Therefore, the resulting UE and base station behavior will only support one of the three types, or a combination of two or three types.

[0268] Accordingly, the SPS downlink resource configuration configures a set of periodic downlink resources that can be used by the base station to send downlink data to the UE without sending separate downlink scheduling information from the base station via DCI. The configured uplink resource grant configures a set of periodic uplink resources that can be used by the UE to send uplink data to the base station without a previous scheduling request from the UE to the base station and without sending separate scheduling information from the base station via DCI. The scheduling request uplink resource configures a set of periodic uplink resources that can be used by the UE to send a scheduling request to the base station without a previous scheduling request from the UE to the base station and without sending separate scheduling information from the base station via DCI.

[0269] The base station may be responsible for configuring the periodic resources to be used for exchanging video frames, and providing corresponding information of the one or more periodic resource configurations to the UE.

[0270] In an example, only one periodic resource set is configured to be used for sending video frames. In another example, two or more periodic resource sets are configured to be used for sending video frames respectively. Using two or more periodic resource sets increases the flexibility of how to configure periodic resources. In addition, it can further increase resource utilization because different periodic resource sets can be configured to be available near the jitter window.

[0271] According to the solution, some periodic radio resources are prohibited from being used in order to save power and release the prohibited periodic radio resources. In particular, the data of the video frame is exchanged using periodic resources from one of the configured periodic resource configurations. Once the data of the video frame is exchanged, the data of the other video frames does not need to be exchanged until the next video frame is generated within the next jitter window. Therefore, only one or more periodic resources that are available after the next video frame are needed, while those periodic resources that immediately follow the transmission of the previous video frame are no longer needed, and their use can be prohibited, thereby achieving clear and deterministic behavior about these unused periodic resources at the UE and the base station.

[0272] The following implementation of the solution is applied to transmit video frames in the uplink using periodic uplink radio resources of the configuration authorization. Accordingly, the one or more periodic resource configurations generally mentioned above correspond to one or more configured uplink resource authorizations. The UE generates a video frame of a video application, and then determines a suitable periodic uplink resource provided by one of the available CGs for sending the data of the generated video frame to the base station. Then, the UE does use the determined periodic uplink resource of a configured uplink resource authorization to send the data of the generated video frame to the base station. As a result, for example, when the UE determines that the data of the generated video frame of the video application is successfully sent to the base station using the periodic uplink resource, the UE also determines that the use of additional periodic uplink resources authorized according to any one of the available configured uplink resource authorizations is prohibited during the prohibited time period.

[0273] The following implementation of the solution is applied to the transmission of video frames in the downlink using the periodic downlink radio resources of the SPS downlink configuration. Specifically, the one or more periodic resource configurations generally mentioned above correspond to one or more semi-persistent scheduling SPS downlink resource configurations. The UE monitors the periodic downlink resources provided by the SPS configuration for receiving video frames of video applications from the base station. At some moments, the UE will use the periodic downlink resources provided by an available SPS downlink resource configuration in the available SPS downlink resource configuration to receive the data of the video frame from the base station. As a result, for example, when the UE determines that the data of the video frame is successfully received from the base station in the periodic downlink resource, the UE also determines that the use of any other periodic downlink resource configured according to one or more SPS downlink resource configurations is prohibited in the prohibited time period. Accordingly, the UE does not need to monitor other periodic downlink resources for possible downlink data of the video frame from the base station during the prohibited time period.

[0274] In one exemplary variation thereof, considering that downlink transmission of data is not allowed, the UE also does not need to send uplink control information about reception feedback of potential downlink data received according to another periodic downlink resource to the base station. From the perspective of the base station, the base station does not need to monitor the uplink resource for the corresponding uplink control information about reception feedback.

[0275] In response to a scheduling request from a UE, the following implementation of the solution is applied to transmit video frames in the uplink using radio resources that have been dynamically allocated by a base station. Specifically, the one or more periodic resource configurations generally mentioned above here correspond to one or more scheduling request SR uplink resource configurations. The UE is configured with a periodic scheduling request SR uplink resource for sending a scheduling request to a base station according to one or more SR uplink resource configurations. The UE generates a video frame for a video application, and in the absence of suitable (periodic or dynamically allocated) uplink resources for sending data of the generated video frame, the UE requests uplink resources from the base station. To this end, the UE first determines the periodic SR uplink resources according to one SR uplink resource configuration in one or more SR uplink resource configurations, and then sends a scheduling request to the base station using the determined periodic SR uplink resources according to the one SR uplink resource configuration. After receiving a dynamic grant of uplink resources, the UE can use those uplink resources dynamically authorized by the base station to send data of the generated video frame to the base station. As a result, for example, when the UE determines that data of a video frame is successfully sent to the base station in the dynamically allocated uplink resources, the UE also determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic SR resources configured according to the one or more SR uplink resources during a prohibited time period.

[0276] The inhibit time length may start from the receipt of a message allocating UL resources (eg, DCI), or from the actual transmission of the remaining data of the video frame.

[0277] Solutions so far have been explained as performing a prohibition of the use of periodic radio resources for a period of time. The following exemplary embodiments provide more details on the prohibition period.

[0278] In more detail, the prohibition time period makes it end before the radio resource according to one or more periodic resource configurations will be used to exchange the subsequent video frame of the video application, and this subsequent video frame is immediately after the video frame that triggers the prohibition. In other words, the prohibition time should not be so long that the next video frame is not allowed to be sent in time.

[0279] Different examples are given below. The exemplary trial modes of these examples will first be explained in conjunction with the scenario of configured authorized uplink resources (i.e., the UE sends video frames in the uplink to the base station). However, the different examples and their basic concepts are also applicable to the trial modes related to periodic SR uplink resources and periodic SPS downlink resources.

[0280] According to a first example, the prohibited period ends at the end of a configured prohibited period, which begins relative to the periodic resource for exchanging data of the video frame. Therefore, it is assumed that a prohibited period of a specific length is predefined (e.g., as configured by a base station). Then, the prohibited period of the specific length may start after the data of the video frame is transmitted using the periodic resource and span a specific length. Depending on the length of the prohibited period and which periodic resource is used to send the data of the video frame, the prohibited duration may cover different numbers of periodic resources and may or may not overlap with the next jitter window.

[0281] Accordingly, the UE has a suitable association between each CG (and its periodic resources) of different CGs (and their periodic resources) with prohibited time lengths. As described above, in one example, the base station may be responsible for determining the association and its content, and for providing the association to the UE (e.g., using the RRC protocol).

[0282] An exemplary implementation for a CG uplink resource scenario is Fig.17 As is apparent from this figure, Fig. 9 Similar assumptions. For example, assume that the UE is configured with a periodic CG uplink resource group with a configured grant CG1 with a periodicity of 4ms. The video frame involves generating a video stream with 60fps and within a jitter window with a length of 8ms. In addition, exemplarily, assume that the prohibited time length for use with the configured grant CG1 is configured to be half of the video periodicity length (i.e. 8,333ms). Video frame 1 is generated within the jitter window, and the data of the video frame is sent to the base station by the UE using the next appropriate CG1 periodic resource. The prohibited time starts at the end of the CG1 periodic resource used to send the data of video frame 1, and thus covers the occurrence of the next two CG1 periodic resources. These prohibited CG uplink resources are in Fig.17 is crossed out in the illustration. From the perspective of the base station, the base station receives the data of video frame 1 in the CG1 resource, and knowing the prohibited time length and behavior of the UE, the base station understands that the subsequent two CG1 resources are prohibited and will not be used by the UE to send data in the uplink. Accordingly, the base station can stop monitoring the two prohibited CG1 uplink resources.

[0283] The above UE and BS behaviors are applied and executed accordingly to send the data of video frames 2, 3 and 4 from the UE to the base station. Fig.17 As is apparent from the figure, the prohibition time may therefore end before the next jitter window (e.g., for video frames 1, 2) begins, or may even partially overlap with the next jitter window (e.g., for video frame 3), depending on the occurrence of periodic resources at which data for video frames are sent to the base station.

[0284] In an exemplary embodiment, the association between different SR / CG / SPS configurations and corresponding prohibition time values ​​can be defined together for SR, SPS, and CG. Alternatively, separate associations between different SR / CG / SPS configurations and corresponding prohibition time values ​​can be defined for SR, SPS, and CG, thereby increasing the flexibility of configuration.

[0285] According to a second example of how the prohibition period can be implemented, knowledge of the timing of the jitter windows is used. In particular, the prohibition period is dynamically extended to the start of the next jitter window, rather than using a fixed and therefore constant prohibition period. The second example is Fig.18 It is shown in the figure, which is based on the above Fig.17 As previously described, video frame 1 is generated within the jitter window, and the UE sends the data for the video frame to the base station using the next appropriate CG1 periodic resource. The prohibit time starts at the end of the CG1 periodic resource used to send the data for video frame 1, and ends at the beginning of the next jitter window (in which the next video frame 2 will be generated). In this specific case, the prohibit time therefore covers the occurrence of the next two CG1 periodic resources (which are in Fig.18 From the perspective of the base station, the base station receives the data of video frame 1 in the CG1 resource. The base station knows that the prohibited time extends to the beginning of the next jitter window, so it can stop monitoring the two prohibited CG1 uplink resources.

[0286] The above UE and BS behaviors are applied and executed accordingly to send the data of video frames 2, 3 and 4 from the UE to the base station. Fig.18 As is apparent from the figure, the length of the prohibited time varies depending on the occurrence of the periodic resource with which the data of the video frame is sent to the base station. Therefore, the prohibited time period can therefore cover a different number of CG periodic resources (e.g., three CG periodic resources for the prohibited time period associated with video frame 2).

[0287] The third example of how to implement the prohibited time period is very similar to the second example, because the understanding of the timing of the jitter window is used. However, the third example defines the beginning of the first occurrence of the periodic resource overlapping the next jitter window as the end of the prohibited time period, rather than defining the beginning of the next jitter window as the end of the prohibited time period (as in the second example). Alternatively, in addition to the periodic resource that occurs for the first time, the periodic resource that occurs for the second time in the next jitter window, or the periodic resource that occurs for the third time, the periodic resource that occurs for the second time to the last time, or the periodic resource that occurs for the last time can also be defined as the end of the prohibited time period. This realizes that a large number of CG periodic resources are prohibited, while helping to maintain low latency delay, because at least one periodic resource located in the jitter window can be used to transmit data of video frames.

[0288] The third example Fig.19 It is shown in the figure, which is based on the above Fig.17 and Fig.18 As previously described, video frame 1 is generated within the jitter window, and the UE sends the data of the video frame to the base station using the next appropriate CG1 periodic resource. The prohibition time starts at the end of the CG1 periodic resource used to send the data of video frame 1, and ends at the beginning of the second-in-time CG1 periodic resource within the next jitter window (where the next video frame 2 will be generated). In this particular case, the prohibition time therefore covers the occurrence of the next three CG1 periodic resources (which are in Fig.19 is crossed out). The last prohibited CG1 periodic resource is completely within the next jitter window. In this particular example, the data of video frame 2 will be generated in time to be transmitted in the first prohibited CG1 periodic resource, but the second CG1 resource of the jitter window must be used to transmit the data of the video frame 2, causing a slight delay. On the other hand, although in some instances, a small delay is caused, more periodic resources can be prohibited, thereby increasing the possibility of saving power on the UE and BS sides.

[0289] The second and third examples described above are based on knowledge of the timing of the jitter window. The following variants and implementations relate to how the UE and the base station obtain the necessary knowledge about the timing of the jitter window. Regarding the jitter window on the UE side, the UE operates a video application and therefore has the necessary knowledge of the timing of the jitter window at least on the application layer operating the video application. In one example, information about the timing of the jitter window can be provided by the UE application layer to the UE layer responsible for handling the inhibition; this can be accomplished by appropriate inter-layer communication at the UE.

[0290] As an alternative to the inter-layer communication, the UE layer that handles the prohibition can estimate the timing of the jitter window. For example, for the estimation, the UE layer can use the time when the video frame arrives from the UE application layer. In addition, as an improved example, the initial estimate of the jitter window timing can also be updated by the UE layer, taking into account further video frame arrivals. In addition, the UE layer can consider additional information - (if available) such as one or more of the video frame period, jitter window length, etc.

[0291] The above-mentioned knowledge of the jitter window timing operating at the UE may also be available on the base station side (e.g., obtained when the video application is established between the UE and the base station). In the case where the jitter window timing operating at the UE is not notified to the base station during the application establishment, the jitter window timing may also be notified to the base station separately by the UE. In yet another alternative, the base station may attempt to estimate the jitter timing window based on available information such as reception of video frames.

[0292] Combined with Fig. 20 Another embodiment of the first example above showing how the prohibited time period can be implemented. In this particular embodiment, it is exemplarily assumed that - instead of the UE being configured with only one periodic CG uplink resource set with configuration grant CG1 - the UE is configured with three separate periodic uplink resource sets (corresponding to configuration grants CG1, CG2 and CG3 for transmitting data of video frames). Fig. 20 In this exemplary scenario, it is additionally assumed that the three periodic CG resources each have the same periodicity of 16 ms (i.e., a periodicity almost the same as the video frame periodicity of 16,6666 ms).

[0293] In addition, different prohibited time lengths are configured for different configuration authorizations. In this example, the different prohibited time lengths relate to different timings of (one or more) periodic resources of the CG relative to the jitter window. For example, the prohibited time length associated with CG1 is relatively long because the periodic resources of CG1 are located at the beginning of the jitter window. Correspondingly, the prohibited time length associated with CG3 is relatively short because the periodic resources of CG3 are located at the end of the jitter window. Finally, the prohibited time length associated with CG2 is configured between the prohibited time lengths used for CG1 and CG3. Fig. 20 In , it is exemplarily assumed that the three prohibition time values ​​end at the same time (here, they end shortly before the next jitter window starts). However, this is only an example, and different prohibition time lengths can be configured to end at different time points, respectively.

[0294] As from Fig. 20Obviously, video frame 1 is generated within the jitter window and the UE uses the next suitable periodic CG resource to send the data of the video frame to the base station. In this specific case, it is the periodic resource provided by CG2. Accordingly, the prohibited time is the time associated with CG2 and therefore starts at the end of the CG2 periodic resource used to send the data of video frame 1 and therefore covers the occurrence of the next CG3 periodic resource. The prohibited CG uplink resource of CG3 is at Fig. 20 is crossed out in the illustration. From the perspective of the base station, the base station receives the data of video frame 1 in the CG2 resource, and knowing the prohibited time length associated with CG2, the base station understands that the subsequent CG3 resource is prohibited and will not be used by the UE to send data in the uplink. Accordingly, the base station can stop monitoring the prohibited CG3 uplink resource.

[0295] The above UE and BS behaviors are applied and executed accordingly to send the data of video frames 2, 3 and 4 from the UE to the base station. Fig. 20 Obviously, the data of video frame 2 is generated in time to be sent by the periodic resource provided by CG1. Therefore, the prohibited time length to be applied is the prohibited time length associated with CG1, which therefore covers the occurrence of the next two periodic resources (here CG2 and CG3).

[0296] The data of video frame 3 is generated at the end of the jitter window, so that the next available periodic resource outside the jitter window is provided by CG3. Therefore, the prohibited time length to be applied is the prohibited time length associated with CG3, but in this case, the prohibited time length does not cover other periodic CG resources.

[0297] The above examples are based on a scenario where, in some cases, the periodicity of the video frames (e.g., 16,666 6ms for 60fps) cannot be aligned with the periodicity that can be configured for the periodic resources (e.g., multiples of 1ms). As a result, there is a relative drift in the timing of the occurrence of the periodic resources and the jitter window over time. This may result in the pre-configured prohibit time value of the first example (see e.g. Fig.17 and 20 ) is no longer optimal during video streaming.

[0298] For example, in Fig. 20 At the beginning of the example, the long inhibit time of CG1 may be suitable to cover most of the remaining video frame period. However, as time goes by, the CG1 periodic resource will no longer be at the beginning of the jitter window, but outside the jitter window or at the end of the jitter window (compare Fig. 204 is generated). This may result in less power savings than possible and result in lower resource efficiency because the corresponding inhibit time length is no longer aligned with the next jitter window. In one example, the relatively long inhibit time associated with CG1 may result in a long delay in transmitting the data of the video frame.

[0299] Accordingly, further advantageous embodiments are provided to overcome this problem.

[0300] According to an exemplary embodiment, it is foreseen that the prohibited time values ​​associated with different periodic resources are reconfigured (e.g., regularly) in order to compensate for the relative drift over time and thus to be better aligned again. The base station can redetermine the prohibited time lengths for different CGs. For example, the base station can take into account the updated timing of the periodic resources of CG1 and the expected end of the prohibited time period relative to the next jitter window in order to determine a sufficient length for the prohibited time length. The updated prohibited time lengths for CG2 and C3 can be redetermined by the base station in the same or similar manner as explained for CG1.

[0301] In addition, the base station may also determine when the prohibition time length should be updated, and then send a corresponding configuration message to the UE.

[0302] Another exemplary embodiment provides that the UE and the base station independently and in a synchronized manner redetermine the inhibit time length, rather than only performing the redetermination of different inhibit time lengths at the base station as just explained. Both the UE and the base station have the necessary information in this regard. For example, the UE and the base station know the video frame periodicity and the corresponding periodicity of the periodic resource, and can therefore determine the amount of drift that occurs per frame periodicity (i.e., the amount of drift that occurs per frame periodicity). Fig. 20 In the exemplary scenario of FIG. 1 , the inhibit time length may be corrected in time based on the offset. The initial configuration of the inhibit time value is used as a reference by the UE and the base station, and may then be updated at a suitable interval (e.g., every x video frame periods (x is a positive integer)). Based on this embodiment, the base station does not need to send updated configuration information about the updated inhibit time value.

[0303] For implementations of the solution using knowledge of the timing of the jitter window, relative drift of the occurrence of periodic resources and the timing of the jitter window over time is less problematic because the inhibit period is dynamically extended relative to the jitter window (or two corresponding periodic resources within the jitter window).

[0304] Furthermore, in the future, the periodicity of the periodic resources may be configured to be exactly the same as the periodicity of the video frames, in which case the potential problems described above will not occur. Thus, the occurrence of the periodic resources and the timing of the jitter window will remain synchronized with each other in time, and there is no need to compensate for relative drift.

[0305] In the above, three different examples of how the prohibited time period can be implemented have been shown, wherein the explanation is mainly provided with respect to the periodic uplink resources provided by the configuration grant. However, these three different examples and their basic concepts are also applicable to implementations related to periodic SR uplink resources and periodic SPS downlink resources, as will be explained below.

[0306] The following embodiments will be described in conjunction with the use of the configured prohibition time value according to the first example in the above scenario, according to which the periodic SR uplink resources and the subsequent resources dynamically allocated by the base station to the UE are used to send data of the video frame to the base station in the uplink. Fig.21 To explain, Fig.21 Exemplarily based on similar assumptions (such as combined Figure 8 According to a first example, the prohibited period ends at the end of a configured prohibited period starting with respect to the dynamically allocated uplink resources used for sending data of the video frame and having a preconfigured length.

[0307] Accordingly, the UE has an appropriate association between each different SR uplink resource configuration (and its periodic resources) and the prohibited time length. As described above, in one example, the base station may be responsible for determining the association and its content, and for providing the association to the UE (e.g., using the RRC protocol).

[0308] As from Fig.21 As will be apparent, it is assumed by way of example that the UE is configured with one SR uplink resource set SR1 with a periodicity of 4 ms. The UE generates video frame 1 and sends a corresponding scheduling request in the next available periodic SR resource (here SR1). The base station allocates uplink resources using, for example, DCI. The UE then sends the data for frame 1 using the dynamically allocated uplink resources. The prohibited time starts at the end of the dynamically allocated uplink resources carrying the data of the video frame and spans a length associated with the SR configuration (here SR1). In this particular case, the prohibited time therefore covers another instance of the SR uplink resources of the SR configuration SR1. The prohibited SR uplink resources are at Fig.21From the perspective of the base station, the base station receives the data of video frame 1 in the dynamically allocated uplink resources, and knowing the length of the inhibition time and the behavior of the UE, the base station understands that the subsequent SR uplink resources SR1 are inhibited and will not be used by the UE to send another scheduling request in the uplink. Accordingly, the base station can stop monitoring the inhibited SR uplink resources.

[0309] The above UE and BS behaviors are applied and executed accordingly for sending the data of video frames 2, 3 and 4 from the UE to the base station. Fig.21 As is evident from , the inhibit time can therefore end before the next jitter window starts.

[0310] The following implementation will be described in conjunction with the use of the configured prohibition time value according to the first example above, according to which the base station uses periodic SPS downlink resources to send video frame data to the UE. Fig. 22 To explain, Fig. 22 Exemplarily based on similar assumptions (such as combined Fig.10 According to a first example, the prohibited period ends at the end of a configured prohibited period starting relative to the periodic SPS downlink resource used for sending data of the video frame.

[0311] Accordingly, the UE has a suitable association between each SPS downlink configuration (and its periodic resources) and the prohibited time length in different SPS downlink configurations (and its periodic resources). As described above, in one example, the base station can be responsible for determining the association and its content, and is responsible for providing the association to the UE (e.g., using the RRC protocol).

[0312] As from Fig. 22 Obviously, exemplarily assume that the UE is configured with a SPS downlink resource set SPS1 with a periodicity of 4 ms. The base station generates video frame 1, and the base station sends the data of the video frame to the UE using the next suitable SPS periodic resource. The prohibited time starts at the end of the SPS downlink resource carrying the data of the video frame and spans the length associated with the SPS downlink configuration SPS1. In this specific case, the prohibited time therefore covers two other instances of the SPS downlink resources of the SPS configuration SPS1. Fig. 22 In the illustration of , two prohibited SPS downlink resources are crossed out. From the perspective of the UE, the UE receives the data of video frame 1 in the SPS downlink resource, and knowing the prohibition time length and behavior of the base station, the UE station knows that the subsequent two SPS downlink resources are prohibited and will not be used by the base station to send data of additional video frames. Accordingly, the UE can stop monitoring the prohibited SPS downlink resources.

[0313] The above UE and BS behaviors are applied and executed accordingly to send the data of video frames 2, 3 and 4 from the base station to the UE. Fig. 22 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the prohibit time may therefore end before the start of the next jitter window, or may even partially overlap with the next jitter window, depending on the occurrence of the periodic SPS downlink resource on which the data of the video frame is sent to the UE.

[0314] Fig.23 The above concept is shown applied to a scenario where periodic SR resources and dynamically allocated uplink resources are used to transmit data of a video frame. Fig.23 In the exemplary illustration of , it is assumed that the prohibited time period extends to the beginning of the next jitter window.

[0315] Fig.24 FIG. 4 shows the above concept applied to a scenario where SPS downlink resources are used to transmit data of a video frame. Fig.24 In the exemplary illustration of , it is assumed that the prohibited time period extends to the beginning of the next jitter window.

[0316] The following implementation of the first solution relates to scenarios where only a portion of the data of a video frame can be carried by a periodic SPS resource or a periodic CG resource. In particular, the data size of a video stream frame can vary (and, moreover, can be quite large). Therefore, a periodic CG resource or a periodic SPS resource may sometimes be insufficient to send the data of all video frames.

[0317] According to an exemplary embodiment, one or more dynamically allocated transmissions are used to transmit the remaining data of the video frame that cannot be transmitted by the periodic SPS / CG resources.

[0318] In one example, the prohibition time mechanism explained above in conjunction with periodic SPS resources and periodic CG resources can still be triggered by periodic SPS resources and CG resources (even when the periodic SPS resources and CG resources do not carry data for all video frames). Thus, according to one of the various embodiments and variations explained above, additional periodic SPS / CG resources of the available SPS / CG configuration are prohibited for a period of time. Independently, the remaining data of the video frame can be exchanged in DL / UL using resources dynamically allocated by the base station.

[0319] In another example, the prohibition time mechanism explained above in conjunction with periodic SPS resources and periodic CG resources is not triggered by periodic SPS resources and CG resources that do not carry data for all video frames. Instead, the prohibition time mechanism is triggered by the transmission of subsequent video frames using dynamically allocated resources. There is no need to trigger the prohibition based on periodic SPS / CG resources. On the contrary, as will become apparent from the following, dynamically indicating the prohibition time length is more flexible, and the implementation methods of the aspects will be explained below for the SPS downlink case and the CG uplink case, respectively.

[0320] Fig.25 Data of video frames exchanged using periodic CG uplink resources is shown. Fig.25 The scenario is based on similar assumptions as in the previous figures, so for example, assuming a 60fps video stream, an 8ms jitter window, and three separate periodic CG uplink resource sets (CG configurations CG1, CG2, CG3 with a periodicity of 16ms, respectively). Fig.25 Notably, video frames 1-4 are exemplarily considered to be too large for the UE to be fully transmitted using one of the periodic CG resources.

[0321] Therefore, the UE determines whether to use the periodic CG resource to exchange all the data of the video frame. For frame 1, the UE therefore determines that not all the data of the video frame can be transmitted in the uplink and does not trigger the prohibition mechanism. The UE will receive the data from the base station (at Fig.25 In the DCI, the UE receives a dynamic uplink grant so that the UE can use the dynamically allocated uplink resources to send the remaining data of the video frame.

[0322] When the remaining data of the video frame is sent by using the dynamically granted uplink resources, the use of additional periodic uplink CG resources configured according to the available CG is prohibited for a period of time.

[0323] As already explained above for the previous implementation of the prohibition time mechanism, the prohibition time period can be implemented so that it ends before the radio resources that will be used for exchanging subsequent video frames of the video application according to one or more periodic resource configurations, the subsequent video frame immediately following the video frame that triggered the prohibition. Three different examples of how the prohibition time period can be implemented are explained above, the first example being based on a preconfigured prohibition time length (see e.g. Fig.17 ), the second example is based on flexibly extending the inhibit period until the start of the next jitter window (see e.g. Fig.18 ), while the third example is based on flexibly extending the inhibit period until the start of a periodic resource (e.g., the first occurrence or the second occurrence, etc.) that overlaps with the next jitter window (see e.g. Fig.19). These three different examples also apply in a corresponding manner to prohibited time periods triggered by the dynamically allocated transmission of data of video frames.

[0324] Fig.25 Based on the first example and assuming a configured prohibited time length. According to the first example explained above, the configured prohibited time length is associated with a periodic CG resource. This can also be applied to a scenario where the prohibition is triggered by the dynamically allocated transmission of data of a video frame (i.e., by using a prohibited time length associated with a periodic CG resource for the initial, incomplete transmission of data for a video frame). Alternatively, the prohibited time length to be applied is instead associated with a HARQ-ID. The HARQ protocol is an exemplary implementation of a retransmission protocol for data exchange between a UE and a base station. The retransmission protocol may, for example, include different retransmission protocol processes that operate separately to allow retransmission of data (possibly with subsequent combinations of initially transmitted data and retransmitted data). In this particular explanation of the implementation, it is exemplarily assumed that the HARQ protocol is used between the UE and the base station, and therefore the dynamic uplink grant indicates the HARQ-ID to be used by the UE and the base station (as an example of a retransmission protocol process ID), and the UE determines the length of the prohibited time period by determining the value associated with the indicated HARQ ID.

[0325] Accordingly, the association between different HARQ IDs and the corresponding prohibition time values ​​to be used for the CG may be predefined (e.g., as configured by the base station). Thus, the UE determines the prohibition time based on the indicated HARQ ID and the stored HARQ-ID prohibition value association. In one example, the base station may be responsible for determining the association and its content, and for providing information about the association to the UE (e.g., using the RRC protocol).

[0326] The base station can, for example, configure different lengths of the inhibition time periods associated with different HARQ IDs. Thus, when granting uplink resources to the UE, the base station can determine an appropriate inhibition time length (e.g., based on the timing of the uplink grant). For example, the base station can select an inhibition time length among all available lengths associated with the HARQ ID. The base station then determines the HARQ ID associated with the selected inhibition time length and indicates the HARQ ID in a dynamic uplink grant to be sent to the UE.

[0327] As from Fig.25As is apparent, HARQ ID 3 is associated with a relatively long inhibit time length and may be indicated by the base station in order to facilitate a relatively large power gain. For example, when the dynamic uplink grant occurs at an early time in the video frame periodicity (e.g., far from the next jitter window), HARQ ID 3 may be indicated by the base station. HARQ ID 1 is associated with a relatively short inhibit time length and therefore allows for less power gain. For example, when the dynamic uplink grant occurs at a late time in the video frame periodicity (e.g., shortly before the next jitter window), HARQ ID 1 may be indicated by the base station.

[0328] Combination Fig.25 The description of the behavior of the UE and the base station is accordingly applicable to the exchange of data of video frames using the periodic SPS uplink resources. Fig.26 An exemplary exchange is shown and is based on Fig.25 The same assumptions are made in Fig.26 As is apparent, video frames 1-4 are illustratively considered to be too large for the base station to fully transmit using one of the periodic SPS resources.

[0329] Therefore, the base station determines whether all data of the video frame is exchanged using the periodic SPS resources. For frame 1, the base station therefore determines that not all data of the video frame can be transmitted in the uplink and does not trigger the prohibition mechanism. Therefore, the base station prepares and sends a dynamic downlink grant to the UE (in Fig.26 In the DCI), the remaining data of the video frame can be sent to the UE using dynamically allocated downlink resources.

[0330] When the remaining data of the video frame is transmitted by using the dynamically granted downlink resources, the use of additional periodic downlink SPS resources according to the available SPS configuration is prohibited for a period of time.

[0331] As already about Fig.25 The three different examples of how the prohibited time period can be implemented, explained in detail, also apply in a corresponding manner to the prohibited time period triggered by the dynamically allocated downlink transmission of data of the video frame. Therefore, when using the first example, the preconfigured prohibited time length can be determined, for example, based on the associated SPS resource, via which the initial, incomplete downlink transmission of the data of the video frame is performed. Alternatively, the prohibited time length to be applied is associated with the HARQ-ID. The dynamic downlink grant indicates the HARQ-ID to be used by the UE and the base station (as an example of a retransmission protocol process ID), and the UE determines the length of the prohibited time period by determining the value associated with the indicated HARQ ID.

[0332] Accordingly, associations between different HARQ IDs and corresponding prohibition time values ​​to be used for SPS may be predefined (e.g., as configured by the base station). Thus, the UE determines the prohibition time based on the indicated HARQ ID and the stored HARQ-ID prohibition value association. In one example, the base station may be responsible for determining the association and its content, and for providing information about the association to the UE (e.g., using the RRC protocol).

[0333] The base station can, for example, configure different lengths of the inhibition time periods associated with different HARQ IDs. Thus, when granting downlink resources to the UE, the base station can determine an appropriate inhibition time length (e.g., based on the timing of the downlink grant). For example, the base station can select an inhibition time length among all available lengths associated with the HARQ ID. The base station then determines the HARQ ID associated with the selected inhibition time length and indicates the HARQ ID in a dynamic downlink grant to be sent to the UE.

[0334] In an exemplary embodiment, the association between different HARQ IDs and corresponding prohibition time values ​​can be defined together for SPS and CG. Alternatively, separate associations between different HARQ IDs and corresponding prohibition time values ​​can be defined for SPS and CG, thereby increasing the flexibility of configuration.

[0335] However, as described above, the second and third examples of how the inhibit time period may be implemented also apply. Fig.25 Based on the first example, but for SPS scenarios Fig.26 The exemplary illustration of is based on the second example (i.e., where the prohibition time arrives in a flexible manner at the next jitter window). Accordingly, according to the second example, there is no need for a previously defined association between different lengths depending on the prohibition period and the SPS configuration or HARQ-ID. Instead, due to the knowledge of the timing of the jitter window, the UE and the base station can extend the prohibition length to the beginning of the jitter window in a flexible manner. Thus, it is possible to prohibit more or less periodic resources. For example, when comparing Fig.25 and Fig.26 In the example of FIG. 1 , according to the prohibited time period of frame 3 of the second example (see Fig.26 ) allows to additionally prohibit the use of periodic SPS1 resources overlapping with the start of the jitter window associated with frame 4. Here, it is exemplarily assumed that the periodic resources overlapping with the end of the prohibited period are considered to be prohibited as a whole.

[0336] In the above-mentioned embodiment, it is assumed that the base station dynamically grants resources (either in DL or UL) to transmit the remaining data of the video frame that cannot be completely transmitted in the initial SPS resources or the initial CG resources.

[0337] Regarding the downlink transmission of the data of the video frame using the periodic SPS resources, the base station knows that not all the data of the video frame is transmitted in the periodic SPS resources. Therefore, the base station can send a dynamic downlink allocation (e.g., DCI) to the UE after the periodic SPS resources, indicating that the base station will use the downlink resources to send the remaining data of the video frame. In one example, the UE can determine whether the data of the received video frame is complete, for example, based on the data of the video frame itself. Alternatively, the base station sends an appropriate indication together with the data of the incomplete video frame, indicating that the data of the video frame is incomplete. The UE monitors the corresponding downlink control channel, and the base station sends a dynamic downlink assignment via the downlink control channel, thereby receiving the dynamic downlink assignment and being informed that at least further downlink transmission of the data of the video frame will occur. Accordingly, the UE will be able to receive the remaining data of the video frame via the dynamically allocated downlink resources.

[0338] Regarding the uplink transmission of data of video frames using periodic CG resources, the UE knows that not all data of video frames are transmitted in periodic CG resources. When data of incomplete video frames is received in periodic CG resources, the base station can determine whether the data of the received video frame is complete. For example, the base station can determine whether the data of the received video frame is complete from the data of the video frame itself. Another possibility may be that the UE sends a suitable indication together with the data of the incomplete video frame, indicating that the data of the corresponding video frame is incomplete. In one example, such an indication may be in the form of a buffer status report (BSR), which indicates to the base station that there are additional video frame data in the UE's buffer. Based on the buffer status report, the base station can also obtain information about how many additional uplink resources the UE needs to send the remaining data of all video frames. For example, the base station can take this information into account when dynamically allocating uplink resources to the UE.

[0339] In any case, the base station may therefore grant uplink resources for one or more uplink transmissions of the UE to carry the remaining data of all video frames to the base station.

[0340] As described above, the prohibition time mechanism is triggered by the transmission of the dynamic allocation of the remaining data of the video frame in the uplink or downlink. In one example, the start of the prohibition time length can be a received message that allocates DL or UL resources (e.g., DCI). Accordingly, when the UE receives the allocation message, the UE knows that the remaining data of the video frame will be exchanged based on the dynamically allocated resources, and the use of additional periodic resources can be prohibited during the prohibition duration.

[0341] According to another example, the start of the inhibition may be the actual transmission of the remaining data of the video frame.

[0342] As mentioned above, the base station can decide to authorize more than one uplink resource transmission for the UE to send the remaining data of the video frame. In this case, the prohibition time mechanism is triggered by the (last) transmission of the last part of the remaining data carrying the video frame. In other words, when the UE determines that the transmission of the dynamic allocation of the remaining data of the video frame still does not carry the remaining data of all video frames, the UE does not trigger the prohibition mechanism. On the contrary, the UE performs the determination of whether the transmission of the dynamic allocation of the remaining data of the video frame carries the remaining data of all video frames again, and if so, the prohibition mechanism is triggered.

[0343] Second solution

[0344] In the above, combined with Fig.25 and Fig.26 An implementation of a first solution is described regarding how to handle problematic scenarios where a periodic SPS resource or a periodic CG resource can only carry a portion of the data of a video frame. The above implementation is described as part of the first solution, thus for example as an additional mechanism on top of the mechanism for implementing a prohibition time for a periodic SPS resource or a periodic CG resource. However, according to this second solution, in combination with Fig.25 and Fig.26 The above-explained embodiments may also be implemented as an independent and separate mechanism for an improved transmission procedure, where there is no prohibition mechanism for periodic SPS resources or periodic CG resources.

[0345] Fig. 27 A simplified and exemplary UE structure is shown, which may be substantially the same as the UE structure provided for the first solution. Fig.11 The general UE structure explained is used to implement an exemplary embodiment of the improved transmission procedure of the second solution. Fig. 27 The various structural elements of the UE shown in the figure can be interconnected with each other, (e.g., with corresponding input / output nodes (not shown)), for example, to exchange control and user data and other signals. Although not shown for illustration purposes, the UE may include additional structural elements.

[0346] As from Fig. 27 Obviously, the UE may include a video application operating circuit and a video frame generating circuit, a video frame transceiver for sending and receiving video frames, and a prohibition circuit for accessing periodic resources.

[0347] An exemplary process disclosed in further detail below is implemented by a UE, the UE comprising the following. A processing circuit of the UE operates a video application, and a video frame is generated periodically according to the video application. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, and the jitter window has a jitter window length. A transceiver of the UE uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station. The radio resources are determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations. A first portion of data of the video frame can be exchanged based on the periodic resource according to one of the one or more periodic resource configurations. As described above with respect to Fig.25 and Fig.26 As explained, one or more dynamically allocated transports are then used to exchange the remaining data of the video frame.

[0348] Then, the UE determines whether the remaining data of the complete video frame is exchanged using the dynamically allocated transmission (whether DL or UL). If so, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic radio resources configured according to one or more periodic resources for a period of time.

[0349] The corresponding exemplary method comprises the following steps performed by the UE:

[0350] operating a video application, generating video frames with a video frame periodicity according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0351] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0352] • Exchanging a portion of a video frame using a periodic radio resource according to one of the one or more periodic resource configurations.

[0353] · exchanging the remaining data of the video frame using one or more dynamically allocated transports,

[0354] for such dynamically allocated transmission, determining whether the remaining data of the complete video frame is to be exchanged using the dynamically allocated transmission (whether DL or UL),

[0355] If yes, determining to prohibit use of further periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0356] Fig.281 shows a corresponding sequence diagram of an exemplary UE behavior according to the above UE and UE method. It is apparent from the diagram that for the illustration, it is exemplarily assumed that the inhibit time length is based on a preconfigured configuration (see the first example above, for example, see Fig.25 ) and is associated with a HARQ ID indicated for a dynamically allocated transmission (see Fig.25 )’s length of prohibition period.

[0357] An exemplary procedure is performed by a base station corresponding to the UE behavior.

[0358] In conjunction with the first solution, variations on how to implement a prohibition mechanism for dynamically allocated transmissions have been explained. These can be equally applied to the second solution of the present invention, which is merely an independent solution. In order to avoid mere repetition, reference is made to the above description. In short, the second solution can be operated so that the prohibition period ends before the radio resources configured according to one or more periodic resources are used to exchange data of subsequent video frames of a video application, and the subsequent video frames are immediately after the video frames that trigger the prohibition. Accordingly, any one of the first to third examples of how to implement the prohibition period can be used for the second solution. In addition, for the first example, the prohibition time length can be predefined based on, for example, periodic resources for exchanging data of initial, incomplete video frames or based on a retransmission protocol process ID (e.g., HARQ-ID) indicated for dynamically allocated transmissions.

[0359] Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment, the associations between different HARQ IDs and corresponding prohibition time values ​​may be defined together for use in SPS and CG, or the associations between different HARQ IDs and corresponding prohibition time values ​​may be defined separately.

[0360] In addition, the UE of the base station can determine whether the received video frame data or the sent video frame data is complete, for example based on the video frame data itself or based on a suitable indication (such as a buffer status report) sent together with the video frame data, as described above.

[0361] The inhibit time length may start from the received message allocating DL or UL resources (eg DCI) or from the actual transmission of the remaining data of the video frame.

[0362] In the instance where the remaining data of a video frame is exchanged based on more than one dynamically allocated transmission, the inhibit time mechanism is triggered by the (last) transmission carrying the last part of the remaining data of the video frame.

[0363] Other aspects

[0364] According to a first aspect, a user equipment is provided, comprising the following. A processing circuit of the UE operates a video application, and a video frame is generated periodically according to the video application with a video frame. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, and the jitter window has a jitter window length. A transceiver of the UE uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station. The radio resources are determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations. When the processing circuit determines that data of a video frame generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using a periodic resource configured by one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines that the use of another periodic radio resource configured according to the one or more periodic resource configurations is prohibited for a period of time.

[0365] According to a second aspect provided in addition to the first aspect, the inhibit period is such that it ends before radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations will be used to exchange a subsequent video frame of the video application. The subsequent video frame immediately follows the video frame that triggered the inhibit.

[0366] In an optional implementation manner of the second aspect, the prohibited time period ends at:

[0367] the end of a configured prohibited period that begins the data of the video frame relative to a periodic resource used to exchange the data of the video frame,

[0368] At the beginning of the next jitter window, which immediately follows the first jitter window, or

[0369] A start of a first-occurring periodic resource or a last-occurring periodic resource of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the first-occurring periodic resource or the last-occurring periodic resource overlapping with a next jitter window.

[0370] According to a third aspect provided in addition to the first or second aspect, the one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more configured uplink resource grants. The processing circuit, when generating the video frame of the video application, determines the periodic uplink resource for sending the data of the generated video frame to the base station according to a configured uplink resource grant. The transceiver uses the determined periodic uplink resource to send the data of the generated video frame of the video application to the base station according to a configured uplink resource grant. When the processing circuit determines that the data of the generated video frame of the video application is sent to the base station using the periodic uplink resource according to the one configured uplink resource grant, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of other periodic uplink resources according to one or more configured uplink resource grants during a prohibited time period.

[0371] According to a fourth aspect provided in addition to the third aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0372] - a prohibition time value, the prohibition time value being associated with the one configured uplink resource grant, the periodic uplink resources of the one configured uplink resource grant being used to send data of the generated video frame to the base station.

[0373] In an optional embodiment of the fourth aspect, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a CG prohibited value association, wherein the CG prohibited value association associates each of the one or more configured uplink resource authorizations with a corresponding prohibited time value. Optionally, the CG prohibited value association is received from a base station (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0374] According to a fifth aspect provided in addition to the third aspect, the processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on a timing of a next jitter window.

[0375] In an optional implementation of the fifth aspect, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on:

[0376] Information about the timing of the jitter window for the video application, optionally provided by the UE layer handling the video application to the UE layer handling the disabled using inter-layer communication, or

[0377] • One or more of a video frame period and the time at which a video frame of a video application is generated.

[0378] In another optional implementation of the fifth aspect, the transceiver sends information about the timing of the jitter window of the video application to the base station.

[0379] According to a sixth aspect provided in addition to one of the first to fifth aspects, the one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more semi-persistent scheduling SPS downlink resource configurations. The processing circuit monitors the periodic downlink resources used to receive one or more video frames of the video application from the base station according to the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations configured by the UE. The transceiver uses the periodic downlink resources to receive data of the video frame of the video application from the base station according to one SPS downlink resource configuration in the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations. When the processing circuit determines that the data of the video frame of the video application is received from the base station in the periodic downlink resources according to the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the processing circuit determines that the use of other periodic downlink resources according to the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations is prohibited during the prohibited time period.

[0380] In an optional implementation of the sixth aspect, prohibiting the use of another periodic downlink resource includes: the UE does not need to monitor the other periodic downlink resource for possible downlink data of the video frame from the base station. In another optional implementation, prohibiting the use of another periodic downlink resource includes: the UE does not need to send uplink control information about reception feedback of potential downlink data received according to the other periodic downlink resource to the base station.

[0381] According to a seventh aspect provided in addition to the sixth aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0382] - a prohibition time value, wherein the prohibition time value is associated with the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the one SPS downlink resource configuration provides the periodic downlink resource, and the data of the video frame is the data of the video frame received from the base station via the periodic downlink resource.

[0383] In an optional implementation of the seventh aspect, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on an SPS prohibited value association, wherein the SPS prohibited value association associates each SPS downlink resource configuration in the SPS downlink resource configuration with a corresponding prohibited time value. Optionally, the SPS prohibited value association is received from a base station (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0384] According to an eighth aspect provided in addition to the sixth aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0385] -Timing of the next jitter window.

[0386] In an optional implementation of the eighth aspect, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on:

[0387] information received from the base station regarding the timing of the jitter window for the video application, or

[0388] • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame of the video application is received from the base station.

[0389] According to the ninth aspect provided in addition to any one of the first to eighth aspects, the one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more scheduling request SR uplink resource configurations. The UE is configured with a periodic scheduling request SR resource for sending a scheduling request to the base station according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations, and the scheduling request requests the base station to grant uplink resources to the UE. The processing circuit, when generating a video frame of a video application, determines the periodic SR uplink resource for sending a scheduling request to the base station according to one SR uplink resource configuration in the one or more SR uplink resource configurations to request an uplink resource for sending data of the generated video frame. The transceiver sends a scheduling request to the base station using the periodic SR resource according to one SR uplink resource configuration. In response to the UE having sent the scheduling request, the transceiver uses the uplink resource dynamically authorized by the base station to send the data of the generated video frame of the video application to the base station. When the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame generated by the video application is sent to the base station using the uplink resources dynamically authorized by the base station in response to the UE having sent the scheduling request using the periodic SR resources configured by the one SR uplink resource, the processing circuit determines that the use of additional periodic SR resources configured according to the one or more SR uplink resources is prohibited during the prohibited time period.

[0390] According to a tenth aspect provided in addition to the ninth aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0391] - a prohibit time value, the prohibit time value being associated with the one SR uplink resource configuration, the periodic SR uplink resources of the one SR uplink resource configuration being used to send the scheduling request to the base station.

[0392] In an optional embodiment of aspect 10, determining the prohibition time period based on the prohibition value is further based on an SR prohibition value association, wherein the SR prohibition value association associates each of the SR uplink resource configurations with a corresponding prohibition time value. Optionally, the SR prohibition value association is received from a base station (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0393] According to an eleventh aspect provided in addition to the ninth aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0394] -Timing of the next jitter window.

[0395] In an optional implementation of the 11th aspect, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on:

[0396] information about the timing of the jitter window for the video application, provided by the UE layer processing the video application to the UE layer processing the disabled UE layer using inter-layer communication, or

[0397] • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which video frames of the video application are generated.

[0398] Optionally, the transceiver sends information about the timing of a jitter window for the video application to the base station.

[0399] According to a twelfth aspect provided in addition to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, the processing circuit determines whether all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged using the periodic resource configured according to the one periodic resource. In the case where not all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged, the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged using one or more resources dynamically authorized by the base station. When the processing circuit determines that the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged by using one or more resources dynamically authorized. The processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of other periodic resources configured according to the one or more periodic resources for a period of time.

[0400] According to a thirteenth aspect provided in addition to the twelfth aspect, the processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on an inhibit time value associated with a retransmission protocol procedure to be used for exchanging remaining data of the video frame.The dynamic grant of the base station indicates the retransmission protocol procedure.

[0401] In an optional implementation of aspect 13, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a retransmission protocol prohibited value association, wherein the retransmission protocol prohibited value association associates each of the one or more retransmission protocol processes with a corresponding prohibited time value. Optionally, the retransmission protocol prohibited value association is received from a base station (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0402] In another optional embodiment, in the case where the base station dynamically grants two or more resources for the exchange of the remaining data of the video frame, the determination of the prohibition period is based on the prohibition value associated with the retransmission protocol process to be used for the last exchange of the remaining data of the video frame. Optionally, the retransmission protocol process is a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ process, and optionally, the start of the prohibition period is the reception of dynamic resource control information or the transmission of the remaining data using the one or more resources that are dynamically granted.

[0403] According to a fourteenth aspect provided in addition to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, the video application is an application for extended reality XR. In addition, the SPS downlink resource configuration configures a periodic downlink resource set that can be used by the base station to send downlink data to the UE without receiving separate downlink scheduling information via downlink control information. In addition, the configured uplink resource grant configures a periodic uplink resource set that can be used by the UE to send uplink data to the base station without a previous scheduling request from the UE to the base station. In addition, the scheduling request uplink resource configuration configures a periodic uplink resource set that can be used by the UE to send a scheduling request to the base station without a previous scheduling request from the UE to the base station.

[0404] According to a fifteenth aspect, a method is provided, comprising the following steps performed by a user equipment UE:

[0405] operating a video application, generating video frames periodically according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0406] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources, the radio resources being determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0407] When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0408] According to the sixteenth aspect, a base station is provided, comprising the following. A processing circuit of the base station operates a video application, and generates video frames periodically according to the video application with a video frame. Each video frame is generated within a jitter window, and the jitter window has a jitter window length. A transceiver of the base station uses radio resources to exchange one or more video frames of the video application between a UE and the base station, and the radio resources are determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations. When the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using a periodic resource configured by one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of another periodic radio resource configured according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0409] According to the seventeenth aspect provided in addition to the sixteenth aspect, the one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more configured uplink resource grants. The processing circuit monitors the periodic uplink resources used to receive one or more video frames of the video application from the UE according to the one or more configured uplink resource grants. The transceiver uses a periodic uplink resource to receive data of the video frame of the video application from the UE according to one uplink resource grant in the configured uplink resource grants. When the processing circuit determines that the data of the video frame of the video application is received from the UE in the periodic uplink resource according to the one configured uplink resource grant, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of other periodic uplink resources according to one or more configured uplink resource grants within the prohibited time period.

[0410] In an optional implementation of aspect 17, prohibiting the use of additional periodic uplink resources includes: the base station does not need to monitor additional periodic uplink resources for possible uplink data of video frames from the UE. Further optionally, prohibiting the use of additional periodic uplink resources includes: the base station does not need to send downlink control information of reception feedback about potential uplink data received according to the additional periodic uplink resources to the UE.

[0411] According to an eighteenth aspect provided in addition to the seventeenth aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0412] - a prohibition time value, the prohibition time value being associated with the one configured uplink resource grant, the periodic uplink resources of the one configured uplink resource grant being used to receive data of the generated video frame from the UE.

[0413] In an optional embodiment of aspect 18, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a CG prohibited value association, wherein the CG prohibited value association associates each of one or more configured uplink resource authorizations with a corresponding prohibited time value. Optionally, the CG prohibited value association is sent to the UE (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0414] According to a nineteenth aspect provided in addition to the seventeenth aspect, the processing circuit determines the prohibition time period based on:

[0415] -Timing of the next jitter window.

[0416] In an optional embodiment, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on:

[0417] information received from the UE regarding the timing of the jitter window for the video application, or

[0418] • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which video frames of the video application are received from the UE.

[0419] According to the 20th aspect provided in addition to any one of aspects 16 to 19, the one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more semi-persistent scheduling SPS downlink resource configurations, wherein the processing circuit, when generating a video frame of a video application, determines a periodic downlink resource for sending data of the generated video frame to the UE according to one SPS downlink resource configuration. The transceiver sends the data of the generated video frame of the video application to the UE using the determined periodic downlink resource according to the one SPS downlink resource configuration. When the processing circuit determines that the data of the generated video frame of the video application is sent to the UE using the periodic downlink resource according to the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the processing circuit determines that the use of additional periodic downlink resources according to the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations is prohibited within the prohibited time period.

[0420] According to a 21st aspect provided in addition to the 20th aspect, the processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on:

[0421] - a prohibition time value, the prohibition time value being associated with the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the SPS downlink resource configuration providing the periodic downlink resource, and data of a video frame is sent to the UE via the periodic downlink resource.

[0422] In an optional implementation of aspect 21, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on an SPS prohibited value association, wherein the SPS prohibited value association associates each of the SPS downlink resource configurations with a corresponding prohibited time value. Optionally, the SPS prohibited value association is sent to the UE (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0423] According to a 22nd aspect provided in addition to the 20th aspect, the processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on:

[0424] -Timing of the next jitter window.

[0425] In an optional implementation of the 22nd aspect, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on:

[0426] information about the timing of the jitter window for the video application, optionally provided by the BS layer handling the video application to the BS layer handling the inhibition using inter-layer communication, or

[0427] • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame of a video application is generated.

[0428] Optionally, the transceiver sends information about the timing of the jitter window of the video application to the UE.

[0429] According to the 23rd aspect provided in addition to any one of the aspects 16 to 22, the one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more scheduling request SR uplink resource configurations. The UE is configured with a periodic scheduling request SR resource for sending a scheduling request to the base station according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations. The scheduling request requests the base station to grant uplink resources to the UE. The processing circuit, when generating a video frame of a video application, monitors the periodic SR uplink resource according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations, and is used to receive a scheduling request from the UE for requesting uplink resources for sending data of the video frame. The transceiver receives a scheduling request from the UE using the periodic SR resource according to the one SR uplink resource configuration. The transceiver sends an authorization of uplink resources to the UE, and receives data of the video frame of the video application from the UE using the uplink resources dynamically authorized by the base station. When the processing circuit determines that data of a video frame generated by the video application is received from the UE using the uplink resource dynamically authorized by the base station in response to the UE having sent the scheduling request to the base station using the periodic SR resource configured by the one SR uplink resource, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic SR resources according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations during the prohibited time period.

[0430] In an optional implementation manner thereof, prohibiting the use of the additional periodic SR resources includes: the base station does not need to monitor the additional periodic SR resources in order to receive a scheduling request.

[0431] According to a 24th aspect provided in addition to the 23rd aspect, the processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on:

[0432] - a prohibit time value, the prohibit time value being associated with the one SR uplink resource configuration, the periodic SR uplink resources of the one SR uplink resource configuration being used to receive the scheduling request from the UE.

[0433] In an optional embodiment thereof, determining the prohibition time period based on the prohibition value is further based on an SR prohibition value association, wherein the SR prohibition value association associates each of the SR uplink resource configurations with a corresponding prohibition time value. Optionally, the SR prohibition value association is sent to the UE (e.g., in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0434] According to a 25th aspect provided in addition to the 23rd aspect, the processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on:

[0435] -Timing of the next jitter window.

[0436] In an optional embodiment thereof, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on:

[0437] information received from the UE regarding the timing of the jitter window for the video application, or

[0438] • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame is received from the UE.

[0439] According to the 26th aspect provided in addition to any one of the 16th to 25th aspects, the processing circuit determines whether all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged using the periodic resource set according to the one periodic resource. In the case where not all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged, the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged using one or more resources dynamically authorized by the base station. When the processing circuit determines that the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged by using one or more resources dynamically authorized, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of other periodic resources configured according to one or more periodic resources for a period of time. According to the 27th aspect provided in addition to the 26th aspect, the processing circuit determines a prohibited time period, and determines a retransmission protocol process associated with the determined prohibited time period, wherein the retransmission protocol process is used to exchange the remaining data of the video frame. The transceiver sends a dynamic authorization of resources to the UE, wherein the dynamic authorization indicates the determined retransmission protocol process.

[0440] In an optional embodiment thereof, determining the retransmission protocol process is further based on a retransmission protocol prohibition value association, wherein the retransmission protocol prohibition value association associates each of the one or more retransmission protocol processes with a corresponding prohibition time value. Optionally, the retransmission protocol prohibition value association is sent to the UE (e.g., in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol).

[0441] Optionally, determining the prohibited time period and the last exchange of the remaining data of the video frame by the retransmission protocol process is performed in the case where two or more resources are dynamically authorized by the base station for exchanging the remaining data of the video frame. Optionally, the retransmission protocol process is a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ process

[0442] According to aspect 28, there is provided a method comprising the following steps performed by a base station:

[0443] operating a video application, generating video frames periodically according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0444] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station using radio resources determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0445] When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0446] According to aspect 29, there is provided an integrated circuit for controlling a process of a user equipment, the process comprising the following steps performed by the user equipment:

[0447] operating a video application, generating video frames periodically according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0448] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources, the radio resources being determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0449] When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0450] According to aspect 30, there is provided an integrated circuit for controlling a process of a base station, the process comprising the following steps performed by the base station:

[0451] operating a video application, generating video frames periodically according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window, the jitter window having a jitter window length,

[0452] exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station using radio resources determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations,

[0453] When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

[0454] Additional variations, including hardware and software implementations of the present disclosure

[0455] The present disclosure can be implemented by software, hardware or software in collaboration with hardware. Each functional block used in the description of each of the above embodiments can be partially or completely implemented by an LSI such as an integrated circuit, and each process described in each embodiment can be partially or completely controlled by the same LSI or a combination of LSIs. LSI can be formed as a chip alone, or a chip can be formed to include some or all of the functional blocks. LSI may include data input and output coupled thereto. According to the difference in integration, LSI herein may be referred to as IC (integrated circuit), system LSI, super LSI or ultra LSI. However, the technology for implementing integrated circuits is not limited to LSI, and can be implemented by using a dedicated circuit, a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor. In addition, an FPGA (field programmable gate array) that can be programmed after manufacturing LSI or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and setting of the circuit unit inside the LSI can be used. The present disclosure can be implemented as digital processing or analog processing. If future integrated circuit technology replaces LSI due to the advancement of semiconductor technology or other derivative technologies, future integrated circuit technology can be used to integrate functional blocks. Biotechnology can also be applied.

[0456] The present disclosure may be implemented by any kind of device, apparatus, or system having a communication function, which is referred to as a communication device.

[0457] The communication device may include a transceiver and a processing / control circuit. The transceiver may include and / or function as a receiver and a transmitter. As a transceiver and a transmitter, the receiver may include an RF (radio frequency) module including an amplifier, an RF modulator / demodulator, etc., and one or more antennas.

[0458] Some non-limiting examples of such communication devices include phones (e.g., cellular (cell) phones, smart phones), tablets, personal computers (PCs) (e.g., laptops, desktop computers, netbooks), cameras (e.g., digital still / video cameras), digital players (digital audio / video players), wearable devices (e.g., wearable cameras, smart watches, tracking devices), game consoles, digital book readers, telehealth / telemedicine (remote health and medicine) devices, and vehicles providing communication capabilities (e.g., cars, airplanes, ships), and various combinations thereof.

[0459] Communication devices are not limited to portable or transportable, and may also include any type of device, equipment, or system that is non-portable or fixed, such as smart home devices (e.g., appliances, lighting, smart meters, control panels), vending machines, and any other "things" in an "Internet of Things (IoT)" network.

[0460] Communications may include exchanging data via, for example, cellular systems, wireless LAN systems, satellite systems, etc., and various combinations thereof.

[0461] The communication device may include a device such as a controller or a sensor that is coupled to a communication device that performs the communication functions described in the present disclosure. For example, the communication device may include a controller or a sensor that generates a control signal or a data signal that is used by the communication device that performs the communication functions of the communication device.

[0462] Communication devices may also include infrastructure sites such as base stations, access points, and any other devices, equipment, or systems that communicate with or control devices such as those in the above non-limiting examples.

[0463] (Control signal)

[0464] In the present disclosure, the downlink control signal (information) related to the present disclosure may be a signal (information) transmitted through the PDCCH of the physical layer, or may be a signal (information) transmitted through the MAC control element (CE) or RRC of a higher layer. The downlink control signal may be a predefined signal (information).

[0465] The uplink control signal (information) related to the present disclosure may be a signal (information) transmitted through the PUCCH of the physical layer, or may be a signal (information) transmitted through the MAC CE of the higher layer or RRC. In addition, the uplink control signal may be a predefined signal (information). The uplink control signal may be replaced by uplink control information (UCI), first-stage sidelink control information (SCI), or second-stage SCI.

[0466] (Base Station)

[0467] In the present disclosure, a base station may be, for example, a transmission reception point (TRP), a cluster head, an access point, a remote radio head (RRH), an eNodeB (eNB), a gNodeB (gNB), a base station (BS), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base station unit, or a gateway. In addition, in sidelink communication, a terminal may be used instead of a base station. A base station may be a relay device that relays communication between a higher node and a terminal. A base station may also be a roadside unit.

[0468] (Uplink / Downlink / Sidelink)

[0469] The present disclosure may be applied to any one of an uplink, a downlink, and a sidelink.

[0470] The present disclosure can be applied to, for example, uplink channels (such as PUSCH, PUCCH and PRACH), downlink channels (such as PDSCH, PDCCH and PBCH), and sidelink channels (such as physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH)).

[0471] PDCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH and PUCCH are examples of downlink control channels, downlink data channels, uplink data channels and uplink control channels, respectively. PSCCH and PSSCH are examples of sidelink control channels and sidelink data channels, respectively. PBCH and PSBCH are examples of broadcast channels, respectively, and PRACH is an example of a random access channel.

[0472] (Data Channel / Control Channel)

[0473] The present disclosure may be applied to any one of a data channel and a control channel. The channels in the present disclosure may be replaced by data channels (including PDSCH, PUSCH and PSSCH) and / or control channels (including PDCCH, PUCCH, PBCH, PSCCH and PSBCH).

[0474] (Reference signal)

[0475] In the present disclosure, a reference signal is a signal known to both a base station and a mobile station, and each reference signal may be referred to as a reference signal (RS) or sometimes referred to as a pilot signal. The reference signal may be any one of a DMRS, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a tracking reference signal (TRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), and a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0476] (Time interval)

[0477] In the present disclosure, the time resource unit is not limited to one or a combination of a time slot and a symbol, and may be a time resource unit (such as a frame, a superframe, a subframe, a time slot, a time slot subslot, a microslot) or a time resource unit (such as a symbol, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a single carrier frequency division multiplexing access (SC-FDMA) symbol) or other time resource units. The number of symbols included in a time slot is not limited to any number of symbols exemplified in the above embodiments, and may be other numbers of symbols.

[0478] (frequency band)

[0479] The present disclosure may be applied to any of the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band.

[0480] (communication)

[0481] The present disclosure can be applied to any of the communication between a base station and a terminal (Uu link communication), the communication between terminals (sidelink communication), and the vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The channels in the present disclosure can be replaced by PSCCH, PSSCH, physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH), PSBCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, and PBCH.

[0482] In addition, the present disclosure can be applied to any of a terrestrial network using a satellite or a high altitude pseudo-satellite (HAPS) or a network other than a terrestrial network (NTN: non-terrestrial network). In addition, the present disclosure can be applied to a network with a large cell size, and a terrestrial network with a large delay compared to a symbol length or a time slot length (such as an ultra-wideband transmission network).

[0483] (Antenna port)

[0484] An antenna port refers to a logical antenna (antenna group) formed by one or more physical antennas. That is, an antenna port does not necessarily refer to one physical antenna, and sometimes refers to an array antenna formed by multiple antennas, etc. For example, it is not defined how many physical antennas form an antenna port, but an antenna port is defined as the minimum unit through which a terminal is allowed to send a reference signal. An antenna port can also be defined as the minimum unit for multiplication of precoding vector weights.

[0485] In addition, various embodiments may also be implemented by means of software modules executed by a processor or directly in hardware. Combinations of software modules and hardware implementations are also possible. Software modules may be stored on any kind of computer-readable storage medium, such as RAM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, registers, hard disk, CD-ROM, DVD, etc. It should also be noted that the various features of the different embodiments may be the subject of another embodiment alone or in any combination.

[0486] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many changes and / or modifications may be made to the present disclosure as shown in the specific embodiments. Therefore, the present embodiments are to be considered in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive.

Claims

1. A user equipment UE, comprising: a processing circuit that operates a video application and generates video frames periodically according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window having a jitter window length, a transceiver for exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources, the radio resources being determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations, Wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using a periodic resource configured by one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic radio resources configured according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein: the inhibiting period is such that it ends before radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations will be used to exchange data of a subsequent video frame of the video application, the subsequent video frame immediately following the video frame that triggered the inhibiting, Optionally, the prohibited time period ends at: the end of a configured prohibited period, said configured prohibited period starting with respect to said periodic resource for exchanging data of said video frame, The beginning of the next jitter window, which is immediately after the first jitter window, or • At the beginning of a first occurrence of a periodic resource or a subsequent occurrence of a periodic resource of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the first occurrence of the periodic resource or the subsequent occurrence of the periodic resource overlaps with a next jitter window.

3. The UE according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more configured uplink resource grants, and wherein the processing circuit, when generating the video frame of the video application, determines the periodic uplink resource for sending data of the generated video frame to the base station based on one of the configured uplink resource grants, The transceiver transmits data of the generated video frame of the video application to the base station using the determined periodic uplink resource according to the one configured uplink resource grant, Wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame generated by the video application is sent to the base station using the periodic uplink resource according to the one configured uplink resource authorization, the processing circuit determines that the use of additional periodic uplink resources authorized according to the one or more configured uplink resource authorizations is prohibited during the prohibited time period.

4. The UE according to claim 3, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - a prohibit time value, the prohibit time value being associated with the one configured uplink resource grant, the periodic uplink resources of the one configured uplink resource grant being used to send data of the generated video frame to the base station, Optionally, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a CG prohibited value association, wherein the CG prohibited value association associates each of the one or more configured uplink resource authorizations with a corresponding prohibited time value, optionally wherein the CG prohibited value association is received from the base station, optionally wherein the CG prohibited value association is in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol.

5. The UE according to claim 3, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: the timing of the next jitter window, Optionally, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on: information about the timing of the jitter window for the video application, optionally provided by the UE layer processing the video application to the UE layer processing the disabled UE layer using inter-layer communication, or one or more of the video frame periodicity and the time at which video frames of the video application are generated, Optionally, the transceiver sends information about the timing of the jitter window of the video application to the base station.

6. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) downlink resource configurations, wherein the processing circuit monitors the periodic downlink resources used to receive one or more video frames of the video application from the base station according to the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations configured by the UE, The transceiver receives data of the video frame of the video application from the base station using a periodic downlink resource according to one of the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations, wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame of the video application is received from the base station in the periodic downlink resource according to the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of another periodic downlink resource according to the one or more SPS downlink resource configurations during the prohibited time period, and Optionally, prohibiting the use of the additional periodic downlink resource comprises: the UE does not need to monitor the additional periodic downlink resource for possible downlink data of the video frame from the base station, Optionally, prohibiting the use of additional periodic downlink resources includes: the UE does not need to send uplink control information about reception feedback of potential downlink data received according to the additional periodic downlink resources to the base station.

7. The UE according to claim 6, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - a prohibit time value, the prohibit time value being associated with the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the one SPS downlink resource configuration providing the periodic downlink resource via which the data of the video frame is received from the base station, Optionally, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on an SPS prohibited value association, the SPS prohibited value association associates each SPS downlink resource configuration in the SPS downlink resource configuration with a corresponding prohibited time value, optionally, the SPS prohibited value association is received from the base station, optionally, the SPS prohibited value association is in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol.

8. The UE according to claim 6, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - the timing of the next jitter window, Optionally, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on: information received from the base station regarding the timing of the jitter window for the video application, or • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame of the video application is received from the base station.

9. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more scheduling request SR uplink resource configurations, wherein the UE is configured with a periodic scheduling request SR resource for sending a scheduling request to the base station according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations, and the scheduling request requests the base station to grant uplink resources to the UE, The processing circuit, when generating the video frame of the video application, determines, according to one of the one or more SR uplink resource configurations, a periodic SR uplink resource for sending a scheduling request to the base station to request an uplink resource for sending data of the generated video frame, The transceiver sends a scheduling request to the base station using the periodic SR resource according to the one SR uplink resource configuration, The transceiver transmits data of the video frame generated by the video application to the base station using uplink resources dynamically granted by the base station in response to the UE having transmitted the scheduling request, Wherein, when the processing circuit determines that the data of the video frame generated by the video application is sent to the base station using the uplink resources dynamically authorized by the base station in response to the UE having sent the scheduling request using the periodic SR resources configured by the one SR uplink resource, the processing circuit determines that the use of additional periodic SR resources configured according to the one or more SR uplink resources is prohibited during the prohibited time period.

10. The UE according to claim 9, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - an inhibit time value, the inhibit time value being associated with the one SR uplink resource configuration, the periodic SR uplink resources of the one SR uplink resource configuration being used to send the scheduling request to the base station, Optionally, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a SR prohibited value association, wherein the SR prohibited value association associates each SR uplink resource configuration in the SR uplink resource configuration with a corresponding prohibited time value, optionally wherein the SR prohibited value association is received from the base station, optionally wherein the SR prohibited value association is in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol.

11. The UE according to claim 9, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - the timing of the next jitter window, Optionally, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on: information about the timing of the jitter window for the video application, provided by the UE layer processing the video application to the UE layer processing the disabled UE layer using inter-layer communication, or one or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame of the video application is generated, Optionally, the transceiver sends information about the timing of a jitter window of the video application to the base station.

12. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The processing circuit determines whether all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged using the periodic resource according to the one periodic resource configuration, In a case where not all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged, the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged using one or more resources dynamically authorized by the base station, wherein when the processing circuit determines that the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged by using the one or more resources dynamically authorized, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic resources configured according to the one or more periodic resources for a period of time.

13. The UE according to claim 12, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on an inhibit time value associated with a retransmission protocol process to be used to exchange remaining data of the video frame, wherein the dynamic grant of the base station indicates the retransmission protocol process, Optionally, wherein determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibition value is further based on a retransmission protocol prohibition value association, wherein the retransmission protocol prohibition value association associates each of the one or more retransmission protocol processes with a corresponding prohibition time value, optionally wherein the retransmission protocol prohibition value association is received from the base station, optionally wherein the retransmission protocol prohibition value association is in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol, and Optionally, wherein, in a case where two or more resources are dynamically authorized by the base station for exchanging remaining data of the video frame, determining the prohibited time period is based on a prohibited value associated with a retransmission protocol process to be used for a last occurring exchange of the remaining data of the video frame, Optionally, the retransmission protocol process is a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ process, Optionally, the prohibition period starts with receiving dynamic resource control information or sending remaining data using one or more resources dynamically authorized.

14. The UE according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: The video application is an application for extended reality XR, and The SPS downlink resource configuration configures a periodic downlink resource set that can be used by the base station to send downlink data to the UE without receiving separate downlink scheduling information via downlink control information, wherein the configured uplink resource grant configures a set of periodic uplink resources that can be used by the UE to send uplink data to the base station without requiring a previous scheduling request from the UE to the base station, and The scheduling request uplink resource configuration configures a set of periodic uplink resources that can be used by the UE to send a scheduling request to the base station without a previous scheduling request from the UE to the base station.

15. A method comprising the following steps performed by a user equipment UE: operating a video application, and generating video frames periodically according to the video application with video frames, wherein: Each video frame is generated within a jitter window having a jitter window length, exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources, the radio resources being determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations, When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

16. A base station, comprising: a processing circuit that operates a video application and generates video frames periodically according to the video application, wherein each video frame is generated within a jitter window having a jitter window length, a transceiver for exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station using radio resources, the radio resources being determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations, Wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using a periodic resource configured by one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic radio resources configured according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

17. The base station according to claim 16, wherein: The one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more configured uplink resource grants, and wherein the processing circuit monitors the periodic uplink resources used to receive one or more video frames of the video application from the UE according to the one or more configured uplink resource grants, The transceiver receives data of a video frame of the video application from the UE using a periodic uplink resource according to one of the configured uplink resource grants, wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame of the video application is received from the UE in the periodic uplink resource according to the one configured uplink resource grant, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of the additional periodic uplink resources according to the one or more configured uplink resource grants during the prohibited time period, Optionally, prohibiting the use of additional periodic uplink resources includes: the base station does not need to monitor additional periodic uplink resources for possible uplink data of video frames from the UE, Optionally, prohibiting the use of additional periodic uplink resources includes: the base station does not need to send downlink control information of reception feedback about potential uplink data received according to the additional periodic uplink resources to the UE.

18. The base station according to claim 17, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - a prohibit time value, the prohibit time value being associated with the one configured uplink resource grant, the periodic uplink resources of the one configured uplink resource grant being used to receive data of the generated video frame from the UE, Optionally, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a CG prohibited value association, wherein the CG prohibited value association associates each of one or more configured uplink resource authorizations with a corresponding prohibited time value, and optionally, wherein the CG prohibited value association is optionally sent to the UE in a message of a radio resource control RRC protocol.

19. The base station according to claim 17, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - the timing of the next jitter window, Optionally, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on: information received from the UE regarding the timing of the jitter window for the video application, or • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which video frames of the video application are received from the UE.

20. The base station according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein: The one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) downlink resource configurations, wherein the processing circuit determines, when generating a video frame of the video application, a periodic downlink resource for sending data of the generated video frame to the UE according to one SPS downlink resource configuration, The transceiver sends data of the video frame generated by the video application to the UE using the determined periodic downlink resource according to the one SPS downlink resource configuration, Wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame generated by the video application is sent to the UE using the periodic downlink resource according to the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the processing circuit determines that the use of additional periodic downlink resources configured according to the one or more SPS downlink resources is prohibited during the prohibited time period.

21. The base station according to claim 20, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - a prohibit time value, the prohibit time value being associated with the one SPS downlink resource configuration, the SPS downlink resource configuration providing the periodic downlink resource via which data of a video frame is sent to the UE, Optionally, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on an SPS prohibited value association, wherein the SPS prohibited value association associates each of the SPS downlink resource configurations with a corresponding prohibited time value, and optionally, wherein the SPS prohibited value association is optionally sent to the UE in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol.

22. The base station according to claim 20, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - the timing of the next jitter window, Optionally, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on: information about the timing of the jitter window for the video application, optionally provided by the BS layer processing the video application to the BS layer processing the inhibition using inter-layer communication, or one or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame of a video application is generated, Optionally, the transceiver sends information about the timing of the jitter window of the video application to the UE.

23. The base station according to any one of claims 16 to 22, wherein: The one or more periodic resource configurations are one or more scheduling request SR uplink resource configurations, wherein the UE is configured with a periodic scheduling request SR resource for sending a scheduling request to the base station according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations, and the scheduling request requests the base station to grant uplink resources to the UE, The processing circuit, when generating the video frame of the video application, monitors the periodic SR uplink resource according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations, for receiving a scheduling request from the UE for requesting an uplink resource for sending data of the video frame, The transceiver receives a scheduling request from the UE using the periodic SR resource according to the one SR uplink resource configuration, The transceiver sends an authorization for uplink resources to the UE, and receives data of the video frame of the video application from the UE using the uplink resources dynamically authorized by the base station, wherein, when the processing circuit determines that data of the video frame generated by the video application is received from the UE using the uplink resource dynamically granted by the base station in response to the UE having sent the scheduling request to the base station using the periodic SR resource of the one SR uplink resource configuration, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic SR resources according to the one or more SR uplink resource configurations during the prohibited time period, Optionally, prohibiting the use of additional periodic SR resources includes: the base station does not need to monitor the additional periodic SR resources in order to receive a scheduling request.

24. The base station according to claim 23, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - an inhibit time value, the inhibit time value being associated with the one SR uplink resource configuration, the periodic SR uplink resources of the one SR uplink resource configuration being used to receive the scheduling request from the UE, Optionally, determining the prohibited time period based on the prohibited value is also based on a SR prohibited value association, wherein the SR prohibited value association associates each SR uplink resource configuration in the SR uplink resource configuration with a corresponding prohibited time value, and optionally, wherein the SR prohibited value association is optionally sent to the UE in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol.

25. The base station according to claim 23, wherein: The processing circuit determines the inhibit time period based on: - the timing of the next jitter window, Optionally, the processing circuit determines the timing of the next jitter window based on: information received from the UE regarding the timing of the jitter window for the video application, or • One or more of the video frame period and the time at which a video frame is received from the UE.

26. The base station according to any one of claims 16 to 25, wherein: The processing circuit determines whether all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged using the periodic resource set according to the one periodic resource, In a case where not all data of the video frame of the video application is exchanged, the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged using one or more resources dynamically authorized by the base station, wherein when the processing circuit determines that the remaining data of the video frame is exchanged by using the one or more resources dynamically authorized, the processing circuit determines to prohibit the use of additional periodic resources configured according to one or more periodic resources for a period of time.

27. The base station according to claim 26, wherein: The processing circuit determines the prohibited time period and determines a retransmission protocol process associated with the determined prohibited time period, wherein the retransmission protocol process is used to exchange remaining data of the video frame, The transceiver sends a dynamic grant of resources to the UE, wherein the dynamic grant indicates the determined retransmission protocol process, Optionally, wherein determining the retransmission protocol process is further based on a retransmission protocol inhibit value association, wherein the retransmission protocol inhibit value association associates each of one or more retransmission protocol processes with a corresponding inhibit time value, optionally, wherein the retransmission protocol inhibit value association is optionally sent to the UE in a message of the radio resource control RRC protocol, and Optionally, determining the prohibited time period and the retransmission protocol process for the last occurring exchange of the remaining data of the video frame is performed in the case where two or more resources are dynamically authorized by the base station for exchanging the remaining data of the video frame, Optionally, the retransmission protocol process is a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ process.

28. A method comprising the following steps performed by a base station: operating a video application, and generating video frames periodically according to the video application with video frames, wherein: Each video frame is generated within a jitter window having a jitter window length, exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station using radio resources determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations, When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

29. An integrated circuit for controlling a process of a user equipment, the process comprising the following steps performed by the user equipment: operating a video application, and generating video frames periodically according to the video application with video frames, wherein: Each video frame is generated within a jitter window having a jitter window length, exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and a base station using radio resources, the radio resources being determined by the UE based on one or more periodic resource configurations, When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

30. An integrated circuit for controlling a process of a base station, the process comprising the following steps performed by the base station: operating a video application, and generating video frames periodically according to the video application with video frames, wherein: Each video frame is generated within a jitter window having a jitter window length, exchanging one or more video frames of the video application between the UE and the base station using radio resources determined by the base station based on one or more periodic resource configurations, When it is determined that data of video frames of the video application generated during a jitter window is exchanged by using periodic resources of one of the one or more periodic resource configurations, it is determined to prohibit use of additional periodic radio resources according to the one or more periodic resource configurations for a period of time.

Images