Plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid and application of plant growth regulator in promoting soybean growth under drought stress

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid. The plant growth regulator is prepared by mixing effective components of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in a mass ratio of 190: (1-20). The plant growth regulator can effectively promote soybean growth under drought stress, and when the plant growth regulator is applied to soybean growth regulation under drought stress, the yield of soybeans can be increased, and the quality of the soybeans can be normal and stable. The plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid has no obvious influence on soil moisture content, namely, the moisture state of soybean soil is not changed; the plant height, the number of main stem nodes, the number of effective pods per plant, the biomass per plant and the hundred-grain weight of soybeans can be effectively increased, the morphological indexes of the soybeans are effectively improved, the photosynthetic rate, the transpiration rate, the stomatal conductance and the intercellular CO2 concentration of the soybeans can be remarkably increased, and the photosynthetic parameters of the soybeans are improved; the soybean quality is remarkably improved, the content of high-quality components including cane sugar, starch polysaccharide and palmitic acid is increased, and the economic benefits of the soybeans can be effectively improved in the later period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators, and particularly relates to a plant growth regulator comprising choline chloride and indolebutyric acid and application of the plant growth regulator in promoting soybean growth under drought stress. Background Art

[0002] Soybean is an important oil crop, plant protein and feed raw material in the world. It occupies an extremely important position in agricultural production and is inseparable from human life. The soybean industry includes breeding, cultivation, processing and circulation, and has formed a huge industrial chain, which occupies an important position in the development of the national economy. China is the fourth largest producer and the largest consumer of soybeans in the world, with an area of ​​157 million mu of soybeans, an increase of 3.451 million mu year-on-year, of which the area of ​​high-oil and high-yield soybeans is more than 20 million mu, an increase of about 5 million mu year-on-year. The oil area has reached 200 million mu, achieving an increase for five consecutive years. Soybean production has set a new record for two consecutive years. In 2023, the output reached 20.84 million tons, an increase of 560,000 tons over the previous year, and exceeded 20 million tons for two consecutive years, with a large increase in high-oil and high-yield soybeans. Among them, the 20.16 million mu of strip compound planting maintained the basic unchanged corn production, while the average soybean yield per mu was 84 kg, an increase of 5 kg over the previous year, contributing more than 1.6 million tons of production. The output of oilseeds has increased for five consecutive years. The total output of oilseeds such as rapeseed, peanuts, and sunflowers has exceeded 37 million tons, an increase of nearly 1 million tons over the previous year. It can be seen that my country has a large demand for soybeans. In the farming system, soybeans are also an important crop that combines planting and breeding. The rhizobia contained in the soybean root system can fix nitrogen in the air. After the soybeans mature, there are fewer straws and more fallen leaves, and the nutrient return rate is high, which can play a role in fertilizing the soil.

[0003] The loss of crops caused by drought ranks first among all abiotic stresses. Soybeans require a lot of water during their growth. Because their root system is not well developed, they are more sensitive to water deficit. The yield loss caused by drought is very large, which has seriously affected the yield and quality of soybeans in the world. Drought stress seriously affects soybean yield. The yield of different germplasm resources under drought stress decreases by 40%-70%, which can cause a devastating disaster in soybean production.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a plant growth regulator suitable for promoting soybean growth under drought stress. Based on this, this application was developed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a plant growth regulator comprising choline chloride and indolebutyric acid. The plant growth regulator can effectively promote soybean growth under drought stress, and its application in soybean growth regulation under drought stress can achieve an increase in soybean yield and normal and stable quality.

[0006] The present invention also provides the use of the plant growth regulator comprising choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in promoting soybean growth under drought stress.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid, wherein the plant growth regulator is composed of a mixture of active ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in a mass ratio of 190:1-20.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the active ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid is 190:5-15. Most preferably, the mass ratio of the active ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid is 190:10.

[0010] The plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid of the present invention can be made into a dosage form allowed by pesticides by means of active ingredients and adjuvants, and the dosage form includes but is not limited to wettable powder, water dispersible granules, suspension, emulsifiable concentrate, emulsion in water, microemulsion or microcapsule.

[0011] The present invention also provides the use of the plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in promoting soybean growth under drought stress. When used, the plant growth regulator is prepared into a liquid with an active ingredient concentration of 2 mg / L-3.9 mg / L (preferably a liquid with an active ingredient concentration of 2.4 mg / L-3.4 mg / L) based on the total mass concentration of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid, and is applied to soybean seeds for seed dressing, and the application is performed once.

[0012] When the plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid of the present invention is used to promote soybean growth under drought stress, the soybean yield under drought conditions can be significantly increased to achieve a stable yield effect. The plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid of the present invention has no significant effect on soil moisture content, that is, it does not change the moisture state of soybean soil; it can effectively increase the plant height, main stem node number, single plant effective pod number, single plant biomass and 100-grain weight of soybean, effectively improve soybean morphological indicators, and can also significantly increase soybean photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration, improve soybean light and parameters; significantly improve soybean quality, increase the content of high-quality components sucrose, starch polysaccharide and palmitic acid, and can effectively improve the economic benefits of soybean in the later stage.

[0013] Choline chloride is a plant photosynthesis promoter. Spraying wheat and rice during the booting stage can promote spikelet differentiation, and spraying during the filling stage can accelerate the filling rate. It can also be used for corn, sugarcane, sweet potatoes, potatoes, radishes, onions, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, grapes, mangoes and other products, and has stable effects under different climate and ecological conditions. Indolebutyric acid is an endogenous auxin that can promote cell division and cell growth, induce the formation of adventitious roots, increase fruit setting, prevent fruit drop, change the ratio of female and male flowers, etc. It can enter the plant body through the tender epidermis of leaves and branches, and seeds, and be transported to the active part with the nutrient flow, used for cell division and cell proliferation, and promote the division of roots of herbaceous and woody plants. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] The present invention provides a plant growth regulator comprising choline chloride and indolebutyric acid for alleviating drought stress on soybean growth, wherein the mass ratio of the active ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid is 190:1-20, wherein the dosage of the active ingredients is between 2mg / L-3.9mg / L. After the present invention applies choline chloride and indolebutyric acid to soybeans under drought stress, the photosynthetic parameters of the soybeans are improved, the morphological indexes are significantly improved, the yield is significantly improved, and the quality is significantly improved.

[0015] The present invention sets up different degrees of drought stress in a large drought-resistant greenhouse, adopts the "dry sowing and wet output method", and uses sub-film drip irrigation to accurately control the irrigation amount. The effect of applying a composite plant growth regulator of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid on the morphological indicators, photosynthetic characteristics, physiological and ecological indicators, yield and quality of soybeans in different growth periods under drought stress is analyzed, in order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the cultivation of new high-yield and high-quality green soybean varieties and high-yield and high-quality soybean planting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0017] The present invention uses choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator to dress soybean seeds, which can effectively improve the drought resistance of soybeans, alleviate the influence of drought stress on soybean yield and quality, effectively improve the photosynthesis of soybeans under drought conditions, promote the accumulation of soybean nutrients, and provide a basis for ensuring soybean yield and quality under drought conditions.

[0018] 1. Experimental Drugs

[0019] Table 1 Experimental drug information

[0020] Chinese name common name Dosage form and content Production Unit Choline chloride choline chloride 98%TC Jinan Valin Pharmaceutical Indolebutyric acid 4-indol-3-ylbutyric acid 98%TC Zhejiang TEDA Crop Science and Technology Co., Ltd.

[0021] Table 2 Comparative drug information

[0022] Chinese name Dosage form and content Production Unit Choline chloride 60%AS Zhengzhou Zhengshi Chemical Products Co., Ltd. Indolebutyric acid 10% SC Shandong Yueming Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0023] 2. Test methods

[0024] 1 Test materials

[0025] Soybeans (Zhonghuang 13, Shangdou 151, Nannong 47).

[0026] 2. Chemical treatment

[0027] Choline chloride technical and indolebutyric acid technical were weighed, dissolved in N-N dimethylformamide (DMF) respectively, diluted with 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, used as mother solution for later use, and subsequently diluted to corresponding concentrations (2.0, 2.4, 2.9, 3.4, 3.9 mg / L) before use; 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution was used as blank control.

[0028] 3 Experimental treatment

[0029] The soil type of the experimental site is yellow loam. The experiment adopted a split-plot design, with moderate drought (D1), moderate drought + pesticide treatment (D1+Y), severe drought (D2), severe drought + pesticide treatment (D2+Y), and blank control (CK) treatments. Each treatment was isolated by a 3m deep concrete wall, with 3 replications, 4 rows of 5m in length, 0.12m in plant spacing, and 0.5m in row spacing.

[0030] The "dry sowing and wet out, drip irrigation under film" method was adopted. No water was irrigated before sowing in the test field. Combined with land preparation, 225 kg / hm2 of diammonium phosphate and urea were applied. 2 , drip irrigation under film after sowing 300m 3 / hm 2 To ensure seedling emergence, the high drought (D2) treatment was not watered during the entire growth period. The control (CK) treatment was watered once at the seedling stage, flowering stage, and grain filling stage according to local field production, with an irrigation volume of 300m 3 / hm 2 In the moderate drought (D1) treatment, water was irrigated once at the seedling stage, flowering stage, and grain filling stage, with an irrigation volume of (150m 3 / hm 2 ), other management is the same as field production.

[0031] 4. Application period and frequency

[0032] Application period: seed dressing.

[0033] Number of applications: 1 time.

[0034] 5 Test indicators

[0035] 5.1 Determination of soil moisture content

[0036] The drying and weighing method was used to determine the soil moisture content of 0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-30cm and 30-40cm soil layers in the seedling stage, flowering stage and grain filling stage. Soil samples were taken using a soil drill according to the 5-point method for each moisture treatment. The soil samples were quickly put into aluminum boxes and brought back to the laboratory for drying in an oven at 105℃ until the mass no longer changed.

[0037] Calculate the soil moisture content as follows.

[0038] W=(W1-W2 / W2)×100%

[0039] Where W is the soil moisture content (%), W1 is the soil wet mass (g), and W2 is the soil dry mass (g).

[0040] 5.2 Determination of photosynthesis parameters

[0041] A photosynthetic measurement system (LI-6400XT, LI-COR, USA) was used to measure the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of soybean inverted trifoliate leaves from 9:00 to 12:00 on sunny days during the seedling, flowering and grain filling stages under natural light. Five plants with normal growth were selected from each plot for measurement, and each leaf was counted 5 times to calculate the average value.

[0042] 5.3 Morphological indicators and yield determination

[0043] After the test materials matured, 10 soybean plants were taken from each plot. The plant height, number of main stem nodes, number of pods per plant, grain weight per plant, biomass per plant, and 100-grain weight were measured indoors according to the "Specifications and Data Standards for Description of Soybean Germplasm Resources". The average value represented the value of the test trait. After all the individual plants in the harvested plot were threshed and naturally air-dried, the yield of each plot was weighed with an electronic balance and converted into hectare yield.

[0044] 5.4 Determination of soybean quality indicators

[0045] A near-infrared analyzer (Unity 2600XTR, Unity Technology, USA) was used to establish a mathematical model using the chemometric method as a reference standard for calibration. The contents of 17 amino acids, including protein, fat, fructose, sucrose, starch polysaccharides, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, alanine, and aspartic acid, were determined. Soybean seeds with full and undamaged grains were selected from each plot, and each material was determined three times.

[0046] 6 Data processing

[0047] Excel and DPS 9.01 software were used to perform statistics on the data, and Duncan's new multiple range method (DMRT) was used to analyze the test data and evaluate the test results.

[0048] 7 Results Analysis

[0049] 7.1 Changes in soil moisture content under different treatments

[0050] Table 3 Changes in soil moisture content (%) under different treatments

[0051]

[0052] Note: Different letters in the table indicate significant differences (p<0.05), the same below.

[0053] The moisture content test was carried out in a drought-resistant shed and was not affected by rainfall. Table 3 shows the changes in soil moisture content (%) of the 0-40 cm soil layer under different treatments. The soil moisture content of the 0-40 cm soil layer was measured between different treatments, and the soil moisture content was CK>D1, D1+Y>D2, and D2+Y, and reached significant differences (P<0.05). With the advancement of soybean growth, the soil moisture content of D1 and D2 treatments showed a trend of gradual decrease. The soil moisture content was different between different soil layers, among which the soil moisture content of the 20-30 cm soil layer was the highest, followed by 30-40 cm, and 0-10 cm was the lowest. During the flowering and grain filling stages, the annual average soil moisture content of the 0-10 cm soil layer treated with D2 reached a severe drought level, and as the growth period progressed, the soil moisture content gradually decreased, indicating that the application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator would not change the soil moisture content and had no effect on the soil moisture state.

[0054] 7.2 Effects of different water treatments on soybean morphological indicators

[0055] Table 4 Effects of different water treatments on soybean morphological indicators

[0056]

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Table 4 shows the effects of different water treatments on soybean morphological indicators. As can be seen from Table 4, with the intensification of drought (D1, D2), the values ​​of various morphological indicators of the three soybean varieties showed a decreasing trend. Under the D2 treatment, the plant height of the three soybean varieties was significantly different from that of CK (P < 0.05). The D2 treatment had the same inhibitory trend on the number of main stem nodes of the three varieties. The number of pods per plant of other varieties changed little between the CK and D1 treatments during the experimental period. The D2 treatment had a very large effect on the grain weight and biomass of the three soybean varieties, which seriously affected the soybean yield. Drought stress also had a certain effect on the 100-grain weight of soybean. The decrease between the D2 treatment and the CK was significantly different (P < 0.05). The D1 treatment had different effects on different varieties. After applying the plant growth regulator of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid, the effect of drought stress on soybean morphological indicators can be effectively alleviated; it can effectively increase the plant height, main stem node number, number of effective pods per plant, biomass per plant and 100-grain weight of soybean, effectively improve soybean morphological indicators, and regulate soybean growth.

[0060] 7.3 Effects of different water treatments on soybean photosynthetic parameters

[0061] Table 5 Effects of different water treatments on soybean photosynthetic parameters

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Table 5 shows the effects of different water treatments on soybean photosynthetic parameters. Table 5 shows that with the increase in the degree of drought stress, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of the three soybean varieties all showed a downward trend in the same growth period, and the decline values ​​were different among different varieties. The downward trend under the D2 treatment was significantly higher than that under the D1 treatment. After applying the compound plant growth regulator of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid, the downward trend of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) can be effectively alleviated. With the advancement of the growth process, the Pn of different soybean varieties under the CK treatment showed a downward trend; under the D1+Y and D2+Y treatments, it showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. In summary, the application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator can effectively alleviate the inhibition of soybean photosynthesis under drought stress, significantly increase soybean photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration, improve soybean light and parameters, promote soybean photosynthesis, accumulate substances normally, and ensure yield.

[0066] 7.4 Effects of different water treatments on soybean quality

[0067] Table 6 Effects of different water treatments on soybean quality ( / %) (1)

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Table 7 Effects of different water treatments on soybean quality ( / %) (2)

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Note: PR: protein content; FA: fat content; FR: fructose content; SU: sucrose content; SP: starch polysaccharide content; PA: palmitic acid content; LI: linoleic acid content; LN: linolenic acid content; OL: oleic acid content; ST: stearic acid content; NEAA: non-essential amino acid content; EAA: essential amino acid content

[0075] Tables 6 and 7 show the effects of different water treatments on soybean quality. It can be seen from the table that different water treatments have different degrees of influence on the quality of each soybean variety. The fructose, starch polysaccharide, non-essential amino acids and essential amino acids of the three varieties are significantly different between different water treatments (P < 0.05). Under the D2 treatment, the protein, fat, sucrose, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid of the three varieties are significantly different from CK (P < 0.05). With the increase of drought stress, the content of soybean protein, fructose, stearic acid, non-essential amino acids and essential amino acids showed an upward trend, the content of fat, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and oleic acid decreased slightly first and then increased, the sucrose content increased first and then decreased, and the starch polysaccharide and palmitic acid content decreased slightly. After applying the combined plant growth regulator of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid, the sucrose content, starch polysaccharide content and palmitic acid content in D1+Y and D2+Y were significantly increased compared with those in D1 and D2 treatments, and the contents of inferior components such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid were significantly reduced, indicating that the application of the combined plant growth regulator of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid can effectively improve soybean quality and alleviate the effect of drought stress on soybean quality.

[0076] 7.5 Effects of different water treatments on soybean yield

[0077] Table 8 Effects of different water treatments on soybean yield

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] Table 8 shows the effects of different water treatments on soybean yield. In Table 8, in the D1 and D2 treatments without the application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator, soybean yield decreased significantly, and the yield was reduced by D1: 279.5kg, D2: 1274.2kg (Zhonghuang 13); D1: 608.9kg, D2: 1055.4kg (Shangdou 151); D1: 410.4kg, D2: 1421.5kg (Nannong 47) respectively compared with CK. In the D1+Y and D2+Y treatments with the application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator, soybean yield was significantly improved, and the mass ratio of choline chloride: indolebutyric acid was preferably 190:1-190:20, among which the optimal ratio was 190:10. In summary, the application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant regulator can effectively increase soybean yield and alleviate the negative impact of drought stress on soybean yield.

[0083] 8 Conclusion

[0084] Soybean drought resistance is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Different varieties respond differently to drought stress, but after drought stress, soybean morphological indicators and yield are all lower than those under normal irrigation conditions. Drought stress has a great impact on soybean traits such as plant height, number of main stem nodes, number of effective pods per plant, biomass per plant, 100-grain weight and yield. With the increase in the degree of drought stress, the morphological indicators of different soybean varieties have all decreased. The extent of the reduction of each indicator among different varieties varies, which may be related to the strength of drought resistance of different varieties.

[0085] With the increase of drought stress, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of different soybean varieties all showed a downward trend. In different growth periods, the photosynthetic characteristics of different soybean varieties showed different changing patterns. The application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid combined plant growth regulator can effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of drought stress on soybean photosynthetic response.

[0086] With the increase of drought stress, the contents of soybean protein, fructose, stearic acid, non-essential amino acids and essential amino acids all showed an upward trend, the contents of fat, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and oleic acid first decreased and then increased, the content of sucrose first increased and then decreased, and the content of polysaccharides and palmitic acid showed a downward trend, indicating that the quality of soybeans was affected by different drought stress environments. The application of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator can effectively alleviate the effect of drought stress on soybean quality and improve soybean quality. The soybean yield was significantly reduced under severe drought stress, and the hectare yield of different varieties showed a downward trend. After applying choline chloride and indolebutyric acid composite plant growth regulator, the soybean yield can be effectively increased and the inhibitory effect of drought stress on soybean yield can be alleviated.

Claims

1. A plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid, characterized in that: The plant growth regulator is composed of a mixture of effective ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in a mass ratio of 190:1-20.

2. The plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the active ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid is 190:5-15.

3. The plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the active ingredients choline chloride and indolebutyric acid is 190:

10.

4. The plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The crop growth regulator is made of active ingredients and adjuvants into a dosage form allowed by pesticides, and the dosage form is wettable powder, water-dispersible granules, suspension, emulsifiable concentrate, water emulsion, microemulsion or microcapsule.

5. Use of the plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in promoting soybean growth under drought stress.

6. The use of the plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in promoting soybean growth under drought stress as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The plant growth regulator is prepared into a liquid with an active ingredient concentration of 2 mg / L-3.9 mg / L based on the total mass concentration of choline chloride and indolebutyric acid and then applied to soybean seeds.

7. The use of the plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in promoting soybean growth under drought stress as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The drug solution is prepared with an active ingredient concentration of 2.4 mg / L-3.4 mg / L.

8. The use of the plant growth regulator containing choline chloride and indolebutyric acid in promoting soybean growth under drought stress as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The plant growth regulator can effectively increase the plant height, main stem node number, single plant effective pod number, single plant biomass and 100-grain weight of soybean.

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