Bionic photocatalytic reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bionic photocatalytic reactor, including circulating pump, bionic photocatalytic reactor and liquid storage gas collecting bottle;Circulating pump is connected with bionic photocatalytic reactor, bionic photocatalytic reactor is connected with liquid storage gas collecting bottle, and liquid storage gas collecting bottle is connected with circulating pump;Bionic photocatalytic reactor is formed by the way of stacking, series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection by several reaction units.The application imitates plant chloroplast thylakoid structure design and development bionic photocatalytic reactor, and realizes the greater area application of photocatalytic water decomposition and the enhancement of system mass transfer by using numerical increase method to stack multiple reaction units, and the utilization efficiency of sunlight is greatly improved by the multilayer stacking of the Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst flat plate loaded with efficient water decomposition;At the same time, the outdoor operation of the reaction system composed of multiple bionic photocatalytic reactors in series / parallel connection clearly shows the feasibility of large-scale application using multilayer stacked photocatalytic reactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of photocatalysis, and particularly relates to a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, traditional fossil energy is being consumed, and carbon emissions continue to grow. In the face of a series of energy and environmental problems worldwide, it is urgent to develop new clean alternative energy. Hydrogen has the advantages of high calorific value and no pollution, and can be used in energy, transportation, chemical industry, agriculture and many other fields, and is expected to be one of the energy carriers for future sustainable development. However, traditional hydrogen production technology still faces problems such as complex preparation process, environmental pollution, and high carbon emissions. Solar photocatalytic water splitting, which simulates natural photosynthesis of plants, is considered a potential technology for large-scale production of renewable hydrogen energy. This technology can use the electron-hole pairs generated by the irradiation of solar light on semiconductor photocatalysts to drive redox reactions to produce hydrogen, and has the advantages of simple process, environmental friendliness, and easy scaling, and has attracted widespread attention in the energy field and shown preliminary application potential.

[0003] However, existing photocatalytic reaction systems are often limited to the study of powder dispersion systems in the laboratory. Although some high-performance photocatalysts perform well in experimental tests, due to the lack of photocatalytic water splitting reactors that can effectively utilize solar light and enhance energy and mass transfer, the overall water splitting reaction efficiency still has a large gap from industrialization. SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the problem of the efficiency of the water splitting reaction in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor which can improve the efficiency of the water splitting reaction.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A biomimetic photocatalytic reactor comprises a circulating pump, a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor and a liquid storage and gas collection bottle. The circulating pump is connected to the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor, the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor is connected to the liquid storage and gas collection bottle, and the liquid storage and gas collection bottle is connected to the circulating pump.

[0007] The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor is formed by stacking, connecting in series, connecting in parallel or connecting in series and parallel of a plurality of reaction units.

[0008] Further, a battery connected to the circulating pump is also included.

[0009] Further, the bionic photocatalytic reactor comprises a front cover plate, a plurality of reaction units, a rear cover plate and sealing gaskets; wherein the front cover plate is arranged on one side of the reaction units, and the rear cover plate is arranged on the other side of the reaction units; the sealing gaskets are arranged between the plurality of reaction units and the front cover plate and between the reaction units and the rear cover plate.

[0010] Further, the reaction unit comprises a plurality of liquid chamber cavities stacked together and connected in communication, and a photocatalyst flat plate is arranged between adjacent liquid chamber cavities; a quartz light window is arranged between the liquid chamber cavities and the front cover plate.

[0011] Further, an interface is arranged on each liquid chamber cavity, and a plug is arranged at the interface.

[0012] Further, the plug comprises an upper interface plug, a lower interface plug, a left interface plug and a right interface plug; the liquid chamber cavities, the front cover plate, the rear cover plate, the upper interface plug, the right interface plug, the lower interface plug and the left interface plug are all made of polyether ether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or resin material; and the liquid chamber cavities are square, circular or rectangular.

[0013] Further, one side of the photocatalyst flat plate is a square quartz glass sheet loaded with a photocatalyst; and the photocatalyst is one or more of metal hydroxide, metal particle, metal oxide, perovskite, organic semiconductor and non-metal composite photocatalyst.

[0014] Further, the loading mode of the photocatalyst comprises one or more of screen printing, ultrasonic spraying, spin coating, flow casting, transfer printing and in-situ growth.

[0015] Further, one side of the bionic photocatalytic reactor is provided with a light source, and the light source is sunlight, a xenon lamp, an LED lamp or a mercury lamp; and the light irradiation direction of the light source is directly opposite the quartz light window of the bionic photocatalytic reactor.

[0016] Further, the bionic photocatalytic reactor is used in one or more of photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen reaction, photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen reaction, photocatalytic nitro reduction reaction, photocatalytic alcohol oxidation reaction, photocatalytic benzimidazole group synthesis reaction, photocatalytic synthesis of bromine drug reaction and photocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition reaction.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the bionic photocatalytic reactor has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The application provides a design method and application of a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor can effectively play the biomimetic design idea, the multilayer reaction unit realizes the layer-by-layer absorption and utilization of sunlight, the hydrogen and oxygen gases generated are taken out of the reaction unit to the liquid storage and gas collection bottle through the flow of water, the energy and mass transfer of the reaction system during the photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen is significantly enhanced, the problems of mass transfer difficulty and low solar energy utilization efficiency in the traditional system are overcome, and the conversion efficiency of solar energy to hydrogen energy is significantly improved.

[0019] Further, in order to solve the problem of reduced photocatalyst reaction efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction device after amplification, realize the rapid splicing and expansion of the reaction unit, the application realizes the planar rapid expansion and splicing of the high-efficiency reaction unit by designing and constructing the interface plug, so that the number of high-efficiency photocatalytic units is coupled.

[0020] Further, the photocatalyst plate is loaded with a high-efficiency water decomposition Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst, and the number increase method is used to realize the full utilization of sunlight of a larger area, so as to solve the problem of low solar energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor provided by the application; wherein (A) is a schematic diagram, and (B) is a photo of the overall system.

[0023] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor based on the thylakoid structure in the plant chloroplast.

[0024] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the reaction unit of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor, where (A) is a split diagram of the reaction unit, (B) is a cross-sectional view of a single module, and (C) is a vertical view of the reaction unit;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged photocatalytic module of the nine biomimetic photocatalytic reactors connected in a 3x3 pattern. Where (A) is a vertical view, and (B) is a side view;

[0026] Figure 5 The solar-to-hydrogen energy efficiency of the enlarged photocatalytic module obtained from outdoor experiments on photocatalytic water splitting from 9:00 to 17:00 every day from June 8-10, 2023;

[0027] Figure 6 A photo of the nine enlarged photocatalytic modules connected for outdoor photocatalytic water splitting experiments.

[0028] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] 1. Circulating pump, 2. Circulating pump supporting battery, 3. Biomimetic photocatalytic reactor, 4. Liquid storage and gas collection bottle, 5. Fastening screw, 6. Quartz light window, 7. Photocatalyst flat plate, 8. Fastening nut, 9. Front cover plate, 10. Reaction unit and internal liquid chamber, 11. Rear cover plate, 12. Upper interface plug, 13. Right interface plug, 14. Lower interface plug, 15. Left interface plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, a more comprehensive description of the present application will be made below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0031] In addition, the elements in the present application are referred to as "fixed to" or "provided on" another element, which can be directly on another element or can have a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or can have a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0032] In order to improve the efficiency of water splitting reaction, the present application provides a high-integration biomimetic photocatalytic reactor to enhance the energy and mass transfer in the reaction process.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-6The application discloses a bionic photocatalytic reactor, which comprises a circulating pump 1, a circulating pump matching battery 2, a pipeline, a bionic photocatalytic reactor 3 and a liquid storage and gas collecting bottle 4.

[0034] Referring to Figure 2 The bionic photocatalytic reactor 3 is designed based on the thylakoid structure in plant chloroplasts, utilizes the structure of thylakoids, grana and thylakoid bridges, and can efficiently utilize sunlight and realize multi-layer efficient photocatalytic water splitting reaction through the stacking, series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection of a plurality of reaction units. The series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection of the reaction units can form an amplified photocatalytic module and solve the problem of efficiency loss in the amplification of the photocatalytic reactor.

[0035] The bionic photocatalytic reactor 3 is used for placing photocatalysts and serving as a place where photocatalytic reactions occur, and refers to Figure 3 (A), (B) and (C), the bionic photocatalytic reactor 3 comprises a front cover plate 9, a plurality of reaction units 10, a rear cover plate 11 and sealing gaskets; wherein the reaction units 10 are provided with the front cover plate 9 on one side and the rear cover plate 11 on the other side, and the sealing gaskets are arranged between the reaction units 10 and the front cover plate 9 and between the reaction units 10 and the rear cover plate 11.

[0036] Referring to Figure 3 (A), (B) and (C), the reaction unit 10 comprises 1-8 liquid chamber cavities, and each liquid chamber cavity is provided with an upper interface plug 12, a lower interface plug 14, a left interface plug 15 and a right interface plug 13; wherein the liquid chamber cavities, the front cover plate 9, the rear cover plate 11, the upper interface plug 12, the right interface plug 13, the lower interface plug 14 and the left interface plug 15 are all made of polyether ether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene or resin materials; the liquid chamber cavities comprise square, circular or rectangular shapes, and preferably, the liquid chamber cavities are square.

[0037] Preferably, the liquid chamber cavities are four stacked together.

[0038] Referring to Figure 3When the liquid chamber cavities are four, they are respectively a first liquid cavity, a second liquid chamber cavity, a third liquid chamber cavity and a fourth liquid chamber cavity, a photocatalyst plate 7 is arranged between two adjacent liquid chamber cavities, and a photocatalyst plate 7 is arranged between the fourth liquid chamber cavity and the back cover plate 11. A quartz light window 6 is arranged between the first liquid cavity and the front cover plate 9. The two sides of each liquid chamber cavity are sealed by a sealing gasket. Specifically, a sealing gasket is arranged between the front cover plate 9 and the first liquid chamber cavity and between the back cover plate 11 and the fourth liquid chamber cavity. The front cover plate 9, the first liquid cavity, the second liquid chamber cavity, the third liquid chamber cavity, the fourth liquid chamber cavity and the back cover plate 11 are connected by a fastening screw 5 and a fastening nut 8. Sealing gaskets are arranged between the first liquid chamber cavity and the second liquid chamber cavity, between the second liquid chamber cavity and the third liquid chamber cavity, and between the third liquid chamber cavity and the fourth liquid chamber cavity.

[0039] The arrangement of the photocatalyst plate enables the catalyst to directly contact the water in the liquid chamber cavity, and a photocatalytic reaction occurs under the irradiation of sunlight. The sealing gaskets and the fastening screws between each layer of reaction units ensure the air tightness and water tightness of the reactor.

[0040] Specifically, a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged around the liquid chamber cavity and the sealing gasket; the fastening screw 5 passes through the through holes of the front cover plate 9, the four liquid chamber cavities, the sealing gasket and the back cover plate 11 in sequence, and is connected with the fastening nut 8 behind the back cover plate 11, so as to realize the sealing assembly of each component of the entire biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3.

[0041] Preferably, a threaded through hole is arranged around each liquid chamber cavity, that is, a threaded through hole is arranged at the center of the top surface, the bottom surface and the two symmetrically arranged side surfaces, a nut is arranged in each threaded through hole, the nut points to the center of the liquid chamber cavity, the upper and lower interfaces and the left and right interfaces are hollow cylindrical interfaces with threads, and the upper and lower interfaces and the left and right interfaces are tightened around the liquid chamber cavity by a hexagonal wrench, and a plastic hard pipe is inserted into the interior to realize the flow of the reaction liquid. The upper interface plug 12, the lower interface plug 14, the left interface plug 15 and the right interface plug 13 are correspondingly tightened by the upper and lower interfaces and the left and right interfaces with the same threads between the adjacent liquid chamber cavities, each interface plug is a hollow cylindrical plug, a plastic hard pipe is inserted into the interior, and the plastic hard pipe is used for sealing the connecting pipeline and each adjacent liquid chamber cavity, and simultaneously serves as the lower inlet, the side inlet, the upper outlet and the side outlet of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3.

[0042] The selection of the upper and lower interface plugs and the left and right interface plugs of the reaction unit 10 is determined by the connection mode; in the 3x3 biomimetic photocatalytic reactor, the adjacent two liquid chamber cavities are connected by the interfaces and the plastic hard pipes, the lower inlet or the upper outlet of the edge liquid chamber cavity which does not need to be connected, and then the upper and lower plugs are used for sealing.

[0043] Referring to Figure 3The middle (A) is one side of the light catalyst flat plate 7, which is a square quartz glass sheet loaded with a light catalyst. The light catalyst is one or more of metal hydroxide, metal particle, metal oxide, perovskite, organic semiconductor, and non-metal composite light catalyst. The loading method of the light catalyst includes one or more of screen printing, ultrasonic spraying, spin coating, flow casting, transfer printing, and in-situ growth. The side of the quartz glass sheet loaded with the light catalyst is placed towards the liquid chamber cavity.

[0044] The circulation pump 1, the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3, and the liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4 are connected by pipelines to connect the photocatalytic reaction system of the entire biomimetic photocatalytic reactor, transport the reaction liquid and the hydrogen and oxygen gas products generated by the decomposition of water.

[0045] One side of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 is provided with a light source, which can be sunlight, a xenon lamp, an LED lamp, a mercury lamp, etc. The light source is directed at the quartz light window 6 of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3.

[0046] Referring to Figure 4 Nine biomimetic photocatalytic reactors 3 can be connected in a 3x3 mode to form an enlarged photocatalytic module. The connection mode can be series connection, parallel connection, or series-parallel connection. The 2x2-5x5 mode can also be adopted.

[0047] The inlet of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 includes a lower inlet and a side inlet, which are screwed by lower and left and right interface plugs. The outlet of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 includes an upper outlet and a side outlet, which are screwed by upper and left and right interface plugs. The lower inlet is connected to the outlet of the circulation pump 1 by a pipeline. The side outlet is connected to the side inlet of the adjacent reaction unit by a left and right interface. The edge module that does not need to be connected is screwed by left and right plugs. The inlet of the liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4 is connected to the upper outlet of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 by a pipeline. The outlet of the liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4 is connected to the inlet of the circulation pump 1 by a pipeline. The circulation pump 1 is used to transport the reaction liquid from the liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4 to the reaction unit 10 of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 through the lower inlet of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 to participate in the photocatalytic reaction. The gas products of the photocatalytic decomposition of water carried by the reaction liquid flow out of the upper outlet of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 and return to the liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4. The liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4 is inverted and collects the gas by the drainage method. The liquid storage and gas collection bottle 4 simultaneously realizes liquid storage and gas collection. The circulation pump 1 drives the flow of the reaction liquid and the gas products in the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor.

[0048] The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 in the application can be applied to one or more of the photocatalytic reactions including photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen, photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce oxygen, photocatalytic nitro reduction, photocatalytic oxidation of alcohols, photocatalytic synthesis of benzimidazole groups, photocatalytic synthesis of bromine drugs, and photocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition reaction.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The application provides a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor for photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1), loading the powder of boron-doped carbon nitride Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst (Nature Energy, 6, 388-397 (2021)) onto the surface of a quartz glass sheet in a screen printing manner to obtain a photocatalyst flat plate 7;

[0052] Step 2), as shown in the figure, assembling four reaction units 10 of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3, and placing the photocatalyst flat plate 7 obtained in step 1) between the two reaction units; wherein the fastening screw 5 is tightened through the through holes on the front cover plate 9, the rear cover plate 11, the reaction unit 10 and the sealing gasket, and the fastening nut 8 is tightened to realize the sealing assembly of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3; Figure 3 Step 3), filling the deionized water in the liquid storage gas collection bottle 4 as the reaction liquid for photocatalytic decomposition of water.

[0053] Step 5), assembling the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor 3 obtained in step 2) into an amplified photocatalytic module according to 9 series / parallel connections as shown in the figure; connecting the amplified photocatalytic module, the circulating pump 1, the circulating pump matching battery 2 and the liquid storage gas collection bottle 4 through pipelines to form a photocatalytic reactor, and placing it outdoors to test the decomposition of water to produce hydrogen with sunlight as the light source, so that the light direction is perpendicular to the quartz window sheet 6.

[0054] Figure 4 Figure 1 Opening the circulating pump 1, adjusting the flow rate of the reaction liquid to 30 mL / min, and inverting the liquid storage gas collection bottle to drain and collect gas, collecting and calculating the hydrogen production performance.

[0055] Further, the outdoor photocatalytic decomposition of water experiment is carried out by connecting 9 amplified photocatalytic modules.

[0056] The solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of the amplified photocatalytic module assembled for the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor in Example 1 of the application is obtained by carrying out the outdoor experiment of photocatalytic decomposition of water from 9:00 to 17:00 every day from June 8 to 10, 2023, and the average solar-to-hydrogen efficiency reaches 1.92%.

[0057] Figure 5 The photo of the outdoor photocatalytic decomposition of water experiment of the 9 amplified photocatalytic modules in Example 1 of the application shows that the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor of the application can be used in large-scale application by multi-layer stacking.

[0058] Figure 6

[0059] ​​​The present application designs and develops a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor by imitating plant chloroplasts to solve the problem of low energy and mass transfer efficiency in traditional photocatalytic reaction systems; and uses boron-doped carbon nitride Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst (Nature Energy, 6, 388-397 (2021) quartz glass to realize larger area application of photocatalytic water splitting by using the number increase method to solve the problem of low solar energy utilization efficiency; at the same time, the outdoor operation of the reaction system composed of 3 groups of 9 multi-layer spliced biomimetic photocatalytic reactors clearly shows the feasibility of large-scale application of multi-layer stacked photocatalytic reactors.

[0060] Compared with the traditional single-layer photocatalytic reaction device (CN118287006A; CN216863697U), the present application further considers the problem of insufficient utilization of light energy by the catalyst, and realizes the full utilization of sunlight by the photocatalyst through the longitudinal stacking of the reaction unit. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of reduced photocatalyst reaction efficiency after the amplification of the photocatalytic reaction device (Nature, 2021, 598, 304-307), the present application realizes the rapid splicing and expansion of the reaction unit by designing and constructing the interface plug, thereby achieving the number increase coupling of the high-efficiency photocatalytic unit. The setting of the photocatalyst flat plate makes the catalyst directly contact with the water in the liquid chamber cavity, and the photocatalytic reaction occurs under the irradiation of sunlight. The sealing gasket and fastening screw between each reaction unit ensure the air tightness and water tightness of the reactor.

[0061] The present application designs and develops a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor by imitating plant chloroplasts, and realizes larger area application of photocatalytic water splitting and enhancement of system mass transfer by stacking multiple reaction units using the number increase method. The multi-layer stacking of the high-efficiency water splitting Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst flat plate greatly improves the solar energy utilization efficiency; at the same time, the outdoor operation of the reaction system composed of multiple biomimetic photocatalytic reactors in series / parallel clearly shows the feasibility of large-scale application of multi-layer stacked photocatalytic reactors. The present application solves the problems of low solar energy utilization efficiency and difficult energy and mass transfer in traditional photocatalytic systems, and provides a simple, fast, low-cost and efficient solution for large-scale application of photocatalytic technology.

[0062] The above only describes the best embodiments of the present application, but cannot be understood as limiting the claims. The present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure allows changes. Any changes made within the protection scope of the independent claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0063] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Claims

1. A biomimetic photocatalytic reactor, characterized in that, It includes a circulating pump (1), a biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3), and a liquid storage and gas collection bottle (4); the circulating pump (1) is connected to the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3), the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3) is connected to the liquid storage and gas collection bottle (4), and the liquid storage and gas collection bottle (4) is connected to the circulating pump (1); The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3) forms several reaction units (10) by longitudinally stacking them, mimicking the thylakoid structure in plant chloroplasts. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3) includes a front cover plate (9), multiple reaction units (10), a rear cover plate (11), and sealing gaskets; wherein, the front cover plate (9) is provided on one side of the reaction unit (10), and the rear cover plate (11) is provided on the other side, and sealing gaskets are provided between the multiple reaction units (10) and the front cover plate (9) and between the reaction unit (10) and the rear cover plate (11); the reaction unit (10) includes multiple liquid chambers stacked together and connected, and a photocatalyst plate (7) is provided between adjacent liquid chambers; one side of the photocatalyst plate (7) is a square quartz glass plate loaded with a Z-type heterojunction photocatalyst.

2. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a circulation pump battery (2) connected to the circulation pump (1).

3. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A quartz light window (6) is provided between the liquid chamber and the front cover plate (9).

4. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each liquid chamber is equipped with an interface, and a plug is installed at the interface.

5. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plugs include an upper interface plug (12), a lower interface plug (14), a left interface plug (15), and a right interface plug (13). The liquid chamber, the front cover plate (9), the rear cover plate (11), the upper interface plug (12), the right interface plug (13), the lower interface plug (14), and the left interface plug (15) are all made of resin material. The liquid chamber is square, round, or rectangular.

6. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocatalyst is one or more of the following: metal hydroxide, metal particle, metal oxide, perovskite, organic semiconductor, and non-metallic composite photocatalyst.

7. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Photocatalyst loading methods include one or more of the following: screen printing, ultrasonic spraying, spin coating, casting, transfer printing, and in-situ growth.

8. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A light source is provided on one side of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3). The light source is sunlight, xenon lamp, LED lamp or mercury lamp. The direction of the light source is directly facing the quartz light window (6) of the biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3).

9. The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic photocatalytic reactor (3) is used for one or more of the following reactions: photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen, photocatalytic water splitting to produce oxygen, photocatalytic nitro reduction, photocatalytic alcohol oxidation, photocatalytic benzimidazole group synthesis, photocatalytic synthesis of brominated drugs, and photocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition.

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