A casing shaping combination with a self-protection device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device, comprising a constant force hydraulic anchor and an expansion shaping head that can be connected in sequence; when lowered to the sleeve changing position, the constant force hydraulic anchor is used to ensure that the entire tool string does not undergo axial displacement under the reaction of the propulsion force, and at the same time, under the action of the thrust device, the mandrel moves axially, and the expansion piece moves vertically and radially under the support of the rocker to achieve expansion, thereby completing the sleeve changing shaping. The tool assembly is applicable to a wider range of sleeve changing forms, and can minimize the damage of the anchoring device to the casing. At the same time, it can also be easily unstuck when stuck to protect the entire device, which has positive reference and promotion value for improving equipment related to casing shaping operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of casing shaping assembly equipment, in particular to a casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device. Technical Background

[0002] During the exploitation of oil fields, due to changes in formation stress and the impact of well repair and oil production operations, downhole casings often undergo significant deformation damage. In particular, in the past three years, 596 shale oil and gas fracturing wells in Sichuan and Chongqing have undergone casing deformation in 183 wells, with a casing deformation rate of 30.7%, which has seriously affected shale oil and gas exploration and development. The deformation of downhole casings will not only affect the injection and production systems of oil and gas wells, causing a rapid decline in oil and gas production, or even the inability to produce normally, but also cause abnormal wear on the pipe string after casing deformation, greatly increasing production costs.

[0003] At present, there are many methods for sleeve deformation shaping, such as explosive shaping (publication number CN102094589A), the impact produced will inevitably cause unforeseen secondary damage to the sleeve; the sleeve milling in mechanical shaping (publication number CN116480305A) has the phenomenon of damaging the sleeve and sacrificing the thickness of the sleeve; the shock-type sleeve shaper (publication number CN203081374U) uses the weight of the hammer to expand the sleeve, but its gravity is limited and can only be used for sleeves with minor deformation. In addition, the maximum diameter of traditional shaping tools such as (publication number CN208845133U) is usually fixed, which cannot adapt to different sizes of sleeves, or when encountering different sizes of sleeves, it is necessary to replace shaping tools of different models, which greatly increases the production time cost, and the size of the shaping force cannot be measured during the shaping process. At the same time, after the anchor claws of traditional hydraulic anchors (publication number CN117266771A) penetrate into the casing, as the pressure holding time continues to increase, the force on the anchor claws becomes greater and greater, causing irreversible new damage to the casing, and the tool string may get stuck due to excessive penetration depth. In view of the above problems, a casing shaping combination with a self-protection device is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a casing shaping combination with a self-protection device, which does not damage the casing, is easy to unblock, reduces the well repair cycle, can be applied to different casing changes, and is safe and reliable.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device mainly comprises a constant force hydraulic anchor expansion shaping head and a hydraulic thrust device which are linked together in sequence; when the casing shaping assembly is lowered to a casing change position, the constant force hydraulic anchor is used to ensure that the entire casing shaping assembly does not undergo axial displacement under the reaction of the thrust, thereby providing the expansion shaping head with sufficient axial thrust; the central core shaft of the expansion shaping head moves axially under the action of the thrust, so that the expansion rocker is supported and upright, pushing the expansion assembly to move radially and vertically, realizing expansion, and completing the casing change shaping.

[0007] The constant force hydraulic anchor is composed of an anchor body, a hydraulic pipe, a limiting component, an anchor assembly, and a pressure relief component. The outer wall of the anchor body is provided with a plurality of anchor grooves and a main pressure relief groove, the anchor groove is provided with an anchor assembly, the main pressure relief groove is provided with a pressure relief assembly, and each group of anchor assemblies and pressure relief assemblies are arranged in the same direction, and the angle between each two groups of pressure relief assemblies is 90°, and the angle between each two groups of anchor assemblies is also 90°. The upper part of the anchor assembly and the pressure relief assembly is provided with a limiting component, and the lower part is connected to the hydraulic pipe through the hydraulic groove and the pressure relief hole to achieve the same pressure in the two chambers.

[0008] The limiting component comprises a limiting plate, a limiting groove and a limiting screw. The limiting plate is clamped in the limiting groove and is fixedly connected to the anchor body through the limiting screw.

[0009] The anchor assembly is composed of an anchor reset spring, an anchor claw base, an anchor groove, an anchor claw, and an anchor spring slot. The anchor assembly is slidably connected to the limit plate through a positioning groove. The upper end of the anchor reset spring is fixedly connected to the anchor claw base, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the anchor spring slot.

[0010] The pressure relief assembly consists of a pressure relief spring slot, a self-protection pressure relief hole, a pressure relief reset spring, a pressure relief block, a main pressure relief groove, and a pressure relief spring base. The upper end of the pressure relief reset spring is fixedly connected to the pressure relief block, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the pressure relief spring base. The bottom of the pressure relief spring base is provided with a self-protection pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief spring base only plays a fixed role and does not move. An external pressure relief groove is provided on the upper outer wall of the main pressure relief groove, and an internal pressure relief groove is provided on the lower part of the pressure relief block. The two are on the same straight line and are not connected to each other.

[0011] The expansion shaping head includes a shell, a joint, an expansion reset spring, a limit cap, a guide slot, a core shaft, a guide head, an oil drain hole, and an expansion component. The joint is fixedly connected to the core shaft by threads, the outer side of the core shaft contacts the expansion component, and its ends are fixedly connected to the limit cap and the guide head by threads in turn. One side of the expansion component is slidably connected to the guide slot in the limit cap through a protrusion, and also makes its moving direction constant during the movement, which plays a limiting role. The other side is slidably connected to the vertical guide slot at the end of the shell through a guide protrusion, which ensures the integrity of the side device connection and allows the expansion component to move vertically upward during expansion, which plays a limiting role. The inside of the shell is fixedly connected to the expansion reset spring, and the other side of the expansion reset spring fits the protruding part of the core shaft.

[0012] The expansion assembly includes an expansion plate, a positioning screw, an extrusion plate, a fixing hole, an expansion rocker, a pin, and a storage-type pressure sensor. The expansion rocker is arranged on both sides of the core shaft protrusion and the expansion plate, and the connection between the core shaft and the expansion assembly is achieved through the fixing hole and the pin. One end of the expansion plate is slidably connected to the guide groove in the limit cap through the protrusion, and the other end is slidably connected to the vertical guide groove in the shell through the guide protrusion. The extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the expansion plate by the positioning screw, and the storage-type pressure sensor is clamped in the groove therein.

[0013] The seal is a component made of nitrile rubber material.

[0014] The return springs are all high-elasticity stainless steel spring components.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following gain effects:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, the interaction between the constant force hydraulic anchor and the expansion shaping head realizes the correction of casing deformation, the overall structure is simple, the manufacturing and processing are easy, and there is a certain self-protection ability.

[0017] 2. At present, in explosive shaping, there is a possibility that the amount of local explosives is too large and the casing is damaged, and the wellbore is also polluted. The present invention completely avoids this phenomenon, and can make adjustments in advance according to different casing deformations, making the shaping process more controllable.

[0018] 3. The current milling process has problems such as damaging the casing and sacrificing the thickness of the casing. The present invention is a method of restoring the casing to its original state by expanding the casing, which will not cause wear of the casing material. At the same time, the thickness of the extruded sheet can be adjusted, and the shaping size range is larger.

[0019] 4. Currently, shock-type casing shapers, pear-shaped expanders, etc. all rely on the gravity of the pipe column to generate radial force to expand the deformed and shrunken casing to restore its original shape. Due to limited gravity, only casings with minor deformation can be shaped. The present invention is not affected by the gravity of the pipe column and can cope with different casing deformation situations.

[0020] 5. Conventional shaping equipment has the problem of difficulty in extracting shaping data underground. The present invention can add a storage pressure sensor at the position of the extrusion plate to extract and analyze the shaping data.

[0021] 6. The expansion rocker is elliptical in shape. As the expansion assembly opens, the angle between the rocker and the core shaft becomes larger, causing the radial force on the rocker to increase continuously. The middle part of the rocker is the most fragile. The elliptical shape can increase the strength of the middle part, and can withstand greater force than ordinary rockers.

[0022] 7. Compared with traditional hydraulic anchors, constant force hydraulic anchors have a pressure relief device, which can ensure that after the anchor claws grasp the casing, the force on the anchor claws remains constant and will not increase with the increase of pressure and cause damage to the casing.

[0023] 8. The shape of the anchor claw of the constant force hydraulic anchor is the same inclination on only one side. After it is inserted into the casing, if you want to release it, you only need to move the tool string slightly downward to easily release it. It has a certain self-protection function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, all the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples of the present invention. For ordinary and technical personnel in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the constant force hydraulic anchor in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion shaping head in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the hydraulic anchor A in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a single anchoring component of a hydraulic anchor in the present invention being opened to the maximum position.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic anchor B in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a working schematic diagram of the hydraulic anchor pressure relief assembly in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion shaping head during expansion in the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the expansion shaping head in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion rocker in the expansion assembly of the expansion shaping head in the present invention.

[0035] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the expansion shaping head in the present invention.

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 1. Constant force hydraulic anchor; 2. Expansion shaping head; 3. Limiting assembly; 4. Anchoring assembly; 5. Pressure relief assembly; 101. Hydraulic pipe; 102. Anchor body; 103. Sealing ring; 301. Limiting plate; 302. Limiting screw; 303. Limiting groove; 401. Anchoring reset spring; 402. Positioning groove; 403. Anchor claw base; 404. Anchoring groove; 405. Anchor claw; 406. Anchoring spring slot; 407. Anchoring pressure relief hole; 501. Pressure relief spring slot; 502. Self-protection pressure relief hole; 503. Pressure relief reset spring; 504. Pressure block; 505, main pressure relief groove; 506, pressure relief spring base; 507, internal pressure relief groove; 508, external pressure relief groove; 201, shell; 202, joint; 203, expansion return spring; 204, limit cap; 205, guide slide; 206, core shaft; 207, guide head; 208, oil drain hole; 209, vertical guide slide; 6, expansion assembly; 601, expansion sheet; 602, positioning screw; 603, extrusion sheet; 604, fixing hole; 605, expansion rocker; 606, pin; 607, storage pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example:

[0040] Reference Figure 1-11 The present invention provides an embodiment: a casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device, which can be connected in sequence with a constant force hydraulic anchor 1 and an expansion shaping head 2.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 Figure 4 and Figure 6The anchoring components 4 and the pressure relief components 5 are evenly distributed on the constant force hydraulic anchor 1. The two components are arranged in the same direction. The anchoring components are evenly arranged at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction, and the pressure relief components are also evenly arranged at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 The anchor assembly 4 is connected to the hydraulic pipe 101 through the anchor pressure relief hole 407 , the anchor spring slot 406 is connected to one end of the anchor reset spring 401 , and the other end of the anchor reset spring 401 is connected to the fluke base 403 .

[0043] Reference Figure 5 When the pressure reaches a certain value, the pressure pushes the anchor base 403 to move upward. When it reaches the maximum value, the positioning groove 402 fits with the limiting plate 301, limiting the anchor base 403 from moving further upward.

[0044] Reference Figure 6 One end of the pressure relief reset spring 503 is connected to the pressure relief spring slot 501, and the other end is connected to the pressure relief block 504. The pressure relief block 504 has an internal pressure relief groove 507 at the lower part, and the main pressure relief groove 505 on the same straight line also has an external pressure relief groove 508. The overall pressure relief assembly 5 is connected to the hydraulic pipe through the self-protection pressure relief hole 502.

[0045] Reference Figure 7 When the pressure in the hydraulic pipe is transmitted to the cavity, the pressure relief block 504 moves upward under the action of the pressure, and the internal pressure relief groove 507 is connected with the external pressure relief groove 508, thereby achieving pressure relief and ensuring constant pressure on the anchor claw.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 The joint 202 is connected to the core shaft 206 through a thread, and 8 protrusions are evenly distributed on the core shaft 206 in a circumferential direction. The expansion rocker 605 is evenly distributed on both sides of the protrusion. The other end of the expansion rocker 605 is connected to the protrusion in the expansion sheet 601 through a pin 606. The upper part of the expansion sheet 601 is connected to the extrusion sheet 603 through a positioning screw 602. A storage pressure sensor 607 is sandwiched between the expansion sheet 601 and the extrusion sheet 603.

[0047] Reference Figures 8 to 11 When the pressure is transmitted to the joint 202, the joint 202 pushes the core shaft 206 to move forward, and the core shaft 206 drives the expansion rocker 605 to move forward, so that the expansion component 6 moves upward. In order to ensure that the moving direction is constant, a limiting cap 203 is designed on one side of the expansion component 2. The protrusion at one end of the expansion piece moves in the guide groove 205 of the limiting cap 204, and the protrusion on the other side slides in the vertical guide groove 209.

[0048] Reference Fig.10The expansion rocker 605 is narrow on both sides and wide in the middle. During the expansion process, the angle increases continuously and the radial force also increases continuously. The middle part of the expansion rocker is the most fragile. By widening the middle part, it can cope with casing materials of different strengths and is not easy to break.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the above scheme is based on the hydraulic anchor and is equipped with a pressure relief device, so that after reaching a certain pressure, the pressure is released, and the force on the anchor claw reaches the maximum value and remains unchanged. The force on the anchor claw will not increase with the increase of pressure, thereby causing unnecessary damage to the casing. This is a self-protection device. At the same time, the shape of the anchor claw is only tilted on one side compared with the traditional one. When stuck in the casing, it only needs to move downward and then pull the pipe string upward to easily unblock it. This is also a self-protection process. Compared with the traditional expansion shaper, the extrusion sheet can be replaced with different models to cope with different casings and casing changes. At the same time, a storage pressure sensor is installed to obtain corresponding shaping data. The shape of the expansion rocker is also changed to be wide in the middle and narrow on both sides. It can withstand greater pressure and will not break easily.

[0050] Working principle: When the entire pipe string is lowered to the sleeve change position, the constant force hydraulic anchor 1 is pressurized, the anchor assembly 4 expands outward, the anchor claw 405 fits tightly with the sleeve, and the anchoring is completed. When the pressure continues to increase, the pressure relief block 504 in the pressure relief assembly 5 moves outward, and the internal pressure relief groove 507 is connected with the external pressure relief groove 508 to achieve pressure relief, ensuring that the force on the anchor claw 405 is constant, and the anchoring is completed. The hydraulic thrust device pushes the joint 202 and the core shaft 206 to move axially, driving the expansion rocker 605 to complete the uprightness, so that the expansion assembly 6 is opened as a whole to achieve the shaping of the sleeve change. When the shaping is completed, the hydraulic thrust device and the expansion reset spring 203 simultaneously drive the joint to pull in the opposite direction, the expansion component 6 contracts, and after the shaping head 2 contracts, the constant force hydraulic anchor 1 is depressurized. Under the action of the pressure relief reset spring 503 and the anchor reset spring 401, the pressure relief block 504 and the anchor claw base 403 are retracted. The tool pipe string may be stuck, so the entire pipe string can be moved downward a little, and the anchor claw 405 moves along the shape it has grasped. When it reaches a certain position, the anchor claw 405 contracts under the action of the anchor reset spring 401, and the jam is completed, and the tool pipe string can be smoothly lifted.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred implementation case of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. At the same time, the number of components in this article is only for structural explanation. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a constant force hydraulic anchor (1), an expansion shaping head (2) and a hydraulic thrust device which are sequentially linked together; the expansion shaping head (2) comprises an expansion rocker; when the casing shaping assembly is lowered to the sleeve change position, the constant force hydraulic anchor (1) is used to ensure that the entire casing shaping assembly does not undergo axial displacement under the reaction of the thrust, and the hydraulic thrust device is used to give the expansion shaping head (2) an axial thrust; the central axis of the expansion shaping head (2) moves axially under the action of the thrust, so that the expansion rocker is supported and upright, and the expansion assembly is pushed to move radially and vertically, thereby achieving expansion and completing the sleeve change shaping; the constant force hydraulic anchor (1) comprises: an anchor body (1 02), hydraulic pipe (101), sealing ring (103), limiting component (3), anchoring assembly (4), pressure relief assembly (5); the outer wall of the anchor body (102) is provided with a plurality of anchoring grooves (404) and main pressure relief grooves (505); the anchoring grooves (404) are provided with anchoring assemblies (4), the main pressure relief grooves (505) are provided with pressure relief assemblies (5), and each group of anchoring assemblies (4) and pressure relief assemblies (5) are arranged in the same direction, and the angle between each two groups of pressure relief assemblies (5) is 90°, and the angle between each two groups of anchoring assemblies (4) is also 90°; the anchoring assemblies (4) and the pressure relief assemblies are arranged in the same direction, and the angle between each two groups of pressure relief assemblies (5) is 90°; the anchoring assemblies (4) and the pressure relief assemblies are arranged in the same direction, and the angle between each two groups of pressure relief assemblies (5) is 90°. A limiting component (3) is arranged on the upper part of the component (5), and the lower part is connected to the hydraulic pipe (101) through the anchor pressure relief hole (407) and the self-protection pressure relief hole (502); the outer wall of the hydraulic pipe (101) is provided with a sealing ring (103), and the sealing ring (103) is clamped between the hydraulic pipe (101) and the anchor body to achieve a sealing effect; the limiting component (3) comprises a limiting plate (301), a limiting groove (303) and a limiting screw (302); the limiting plate (301) is stuck in the limiting groove (303) and is fixedly connected to the anchor body (102) through the limiting screw (302); the anchor assembly (4 ) comprises an anchoring reset spring (401), a positioning groove (402), an anchor claw base (403), an anchoring groove (404), an anchor claw (405), an anchoring spring slot (406), and an anchoring pressure relief hole (407); the anchoring assembly (4) is slidably connected to the limiting plate (301) via the positioning groove (402); the upper end of the anchoring reset spring (401) is fixedly connected to the anchor claw base (403), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the anchoring spring slot (406); an anchoring pressure relief hole (407) is opened in the anchoring spring slot (406) and is connected to the hydraulic pipe (101) via the anchoring pressure relief hole (407).

2. A casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief assembly (5) comprises a pressure relief spring slot (501), a self-protection pressure relief hole (502), a pressure relief reset spring (503), a pressure relief block (504), a main pressure relief groove (505), a pressure relief spring base (506), an internal pressure relief groove (507), and an external pressure relief groove (508). The upper end of the pressure relief reset spring (503) is fixedly connected to the pressure relief block (504), and the lower end is fixedly connected to the pressure relief spring slot (501). At the same time, an internal pressure relief groove (507) is provided at the bottom of the pressure relief block (504), and an external pressure relief groove (508) is also provided at the upper inner wall of the main pressure relief groove (505). The two pressure relief grooves are located on the same straight line. The bottom of the pressure relief spring base (506) is provided with a self-protection pressure relief hole (502) which is communicated with the hydraulic pipe (101).

3. A casing shaping assembly with a self-protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion shaping head (2) comprises a shell (201), a joint (202), an expansion return spring (203), a limit cap (204), a guide slot (205), a core shaft (206), a guide head (207), an oil drain hole (208), a vertical guide slot (209), and an expansion component (6). The joint (202) is fixedly connected to the core shaft. The outer side of the core shaft (206) contacts the expansion component (6). Its ends are fixedly connected to the limit cap (204) and the guide head (207) in sequence. One side of the expansion component (6) is slidably connected to the guide slot (205) in the limit cap (204) through a protrusion, and the other side is slidably connected to the vertical guide slot (209) at the end of the shell (201) through a guide protrusion. The expansion component (6) comprises an expansion sheet (601), A positioning screw (602), an extrusion sheet (603), a fixing hole (604), an expansion rocker (605), a pin (606), and a storage-type pressure sensor (607). The expansion rocker (605) is arranged on both sides of the core shaft (206) protrusion and the expansion sheet (601), and the core shaft (206) and the expansion component (6) are connected through the fixing hole (604) and the pin (606). One end of the expansion sheet (601) is slidably connected to the guide groove (205) in the limiting cap (204) through a protrusion, and the other end is slidably connected to the vertical guide groove (209) in the shell (201) through a guide protrusion. The extrusion sheet (603) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the expansion sheet (601) through a positioning screw (602), and the storage-type pressure sensor (607) is clamped therein.

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