Method and device for activating flood control storage capacity

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for activating flood control reservoir capacity, comprising: constructing a flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum impounded flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point; and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints using a preset flood combination as input to obtain the value of the control parameter, and then solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir. By fully considering the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, the present invention achieves a better allocation of flood control resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reservoir flood control scheduling, and in particular to a method and device for activating flood control storage capacity. Background Art

[0002] With numerous rivers and complex river systems, flood control tasks cover a wide area, and flood control scheduling targets are diverse and widely distributed. Scientifically and rationally activating the flood control capacity of each reservoir to achieve orderly coordination of flood control needs in various regions is the key to joint flood control scheduling of reservoir groups.

[0003] At present, the method of activating flood control storage capacity is usually based on the assumption that the flood areas are composed of the same frequency to design floods. It is difficult to solve the decision-making problem of activating the flood control storage capacity of a reservoir group under the design flood of different flood areas, and thus it is difficult to meet the different needs of basin flood characteristics and flood control scheduling objects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for activating flood control reservoir capacity, which is used to solve the defect in the existing technology that it is difficult to meet the different needs of basin flood characteristics and flood control scheduling objects, and to realize a method and device for activating flood control reservoir capacity that can meet the hierarchical flood control needs of flood control compensation objects.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for activating flood control storage capacity, comprising:

[0006] The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is constructed by taking the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters;

[0007] constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume at the flood control point;

[0008] According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, the preset flood combination is used as input to solve the value of the control parameter, and the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0009] According to a flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the present invention, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level, and the step of solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir specifically includes:

[0010] Determining the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level according to the historical runoff information of each flood control point;

[0011] When the water level of the terminal reservoir is lower than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, wherein the water level conversion threshold is the control parameter obtained by solution.

[0012] According to a flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the present invention, the step of using the safe discharge volume of each flood control control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model specifically includes:

[0013] Defining the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group composed of the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points;

[0014] Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir;

[0015] The outflow of each terminal reservoir is defined according to the total intercepted flow, the maximum intercepted flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir.

[0016] According to a flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the present invention, the flood control scheduling constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints.

[0017] According to a flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the present invention, before the step of using a preset flood combination as input to solve the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, the method further includes:

[0018] A plurality of preset flood combinations are pre-designed based on the flood characteristics and regional composition features of the target prevention and control area.

[0019] According to a flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the present invention, the step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition specifically includes:

[0020] According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input and a genetic algorithm is used to solve and obtain the value of the control parameter.

[0021] The present invention also provides a flood control storage capacity activation device, comprising:

[0022] The first construction module is used to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model using the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters;

[0023] A second construction module is used to construct an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point;

[0024] The strategy generation module is used to take the preset flood combination as input according to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, solve the value of the control parameter, and solve the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0025] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, any one of the above-described methods for activating flood control storage capacity is implemented.

[0026] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described methods for activating flood control storage capacity.

[0027] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described methods for activating flood control storage capacity.

[0028] The flood control storage capacity activation method and device provided by the present invention fully consider the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, thereby achieving a better allocation of flood control resources, reducing the potential waste of flood control resources to a certain extent, and formulating differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards for different river basin floods, so as to achieve effective utilization of flood resources and maximize flood control benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for activating flood control storage capacity provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optimized scheduling water level process of a reservoir group in a specific embodiment of the flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flood control storage capacity activation device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The following combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention introduces the method for activating flood control storage capacity, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0036] Step 101: constructing a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters;

[0037] The flood control point is also the flood control compensation object of the downstream reservoir. When the flood exceeds its own storage capacity, the terminal reservoir of each upstream will discharge flood water to the downstream flood control points.

[0038] The characteristic water levels of flood control points are various water levels that need to be controlled to reach or allowed to drop to in order to complete different tasks at different times of the year and under various hydrological conditions; the safe discharge volume corresponding to the characteristic water levels of flood control points is the flood discharge volume required to ensure that the water level of each flood control point remains below the corresponding characteristic water level.

[0039] It can be understood that for a terminal reservoir group consisting of several terminal reservoirs, the sum of the safe discharges corresponding to the characteristic water levels of all downstream flood control points is the maximum outflow that the terminal reservoir group can discharge while ensuring safety. The total amount of water that the terminal reservoir group needs to store can be determined based on the inflow and maximum outflow of the terminal reservoir group.

[0040] At the same time, the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir represents the maximum amount of water that each terminal reservoir can intercept while ensuring its own safety. Therefore, based on the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir and the total amount of water that needs to be intercepted by the terminal reservoir group, the amount of water that needs to be intercepted and stored by each terminal reservoir and the timing of its activation can be determined, thereby also determining the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir, which is used as the flood control compensation strategy obtained by the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model.

[0041] The safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir are used as the control parameters to be solved to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model. After determining the value of the control parameters, the outflow flow and activation timing of each terminal reservoir can be obtained as the flood control compensation strategy.

[0042] In other words, the flood control and compensation strategy is used to compensate and adjust the outflow of the terminal reservoir according to the water level status of the terminal reservoir in period t and the characteristic water level of the flood control point in that period. Among them, period t is any period of time during which compensation and regulation are performed.

[0043] Optionally, before constructing the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model, basic information and scheduling procedures of the reservoirs involved in flood control scheduling are collected in advance.

[0044] The basic information of the reservoir includes the reservoir's characteristic parameters and dispatching operation curve. The characteristic parameters include the reservoir's flood control water level, flood control high water level and flood control storage capacity; the dispatching operation curve includes the water level-storage capacity curve, downstream tail water level curve and maximum discharge curve. M The control reservoirs are numbered 1, 2, ..., from the main stream to the tributaries and from the upstream to the downstream. M Among them, the most downstream reservoir (that is, the reservoir that has direct hydraulic connection with the flood control point) is called the terminal reservoir.

[0045] The operation regulations include reservoir operation constraints and characteristic water levels of reservoir flood control compensation objects (downstream flood control control points). Operation constraints include upper and lower limits of reservoir water levels, upper and lower limits of outflow flow, etc.; characteristic water levels of reservoir flood control compensation objects (downstream flood control control points) include warning water levels and guaranteed water levels. If there is a downstream N Flood control points are numbered 1, 2, ... from upstream to downstream. N .

[0046] Step 102, constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point;

[0047] Furthermore, in order to solve the control parameters, an objective function is defined based on the excess flood volume of multiple downstream flood control points.

[0048] Specifically, flood control safety in downstream areas requires that terminal reservoirs be able to fully utilize their flood interception and storage capabilities. By increasing the water storage capacity of terminal reservoirs, the excess flood volume at the downstream flood control point can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the objective function can be constructed by minimizing the excess flood volume exceeding the characteristic water level of the flood control point as the flood control goal.

[0049] In a feasible implementation, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level. If the water level at the flood control point exceeds the warning water level, flood losses may occur. Therefore, minimizing the excess flood volume exceeding the warning water level is the flood control goal. The constructed objective function can be expressed as:

[0050] ;

[0051] Where, Q n (t) Indicates that the nth flood control point is in t Traffic volume during the time period; Q w,n Indicates the n The safe discharge volume corresponding to the warning water level of each flood control point; Δ t Indicates that the calculation period is long; T is the total number of time periods in the scheduling period; N is the number of flood control points in the study area; The calculation function of excess flood volume exceeding the warning water level is as follows:

[0052] ;

[0053] Optionally, Δ t and T Determine it according to the total period of time that needs to be scheduled. For example, if the total period of time that needs to be scheduled is 48 hours, then Δ t Set to 6 hours, T The corresponding number is 8 segments.

[0054] Optionally, the flow rate of the flood control point at the initial moment of the tth period may be used as the flow rate of the flood control point in the tth period.

[0055] In other feasible implementations, according to specific scheduling requirements, other characteristic water levels, such as flood limit water level, flood control high water level, design flood level, etc., can also be used as the design basis of the objective function, and the flood control goal can be minimized, with the excess flood volume exceeding the corresponding characteristic water level as the flood control goal, and the objective function can be constructed in a similar way.

[0056] Step 103: Based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input to solve the value of the control parameter, and the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is solved based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0057] Among them, flood control scheduling constraints are the constraints imposed on each reservoir within different scheduling periods.

[0058] For example, in order to ensure the ecological guarantee flow and navigation guarantee flow of each reservoir in different time periods, it is necessary to limit the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0059] For example, in order to ensure the safety of each reservoir at different times, the water volume of each reservoir at different times also needs to be restricted.

[0060] On this basis, a flood combination is pre-designed as input, the objective function is used as the goal of the optimization solution, and the flood control scheduling constraints are used as the limiting conditions of the optimization solution to solve the control parameters. The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model can be solved according to the value of the control parameters to obtain the outflow and activation time of each terminal reservoir as the flood control compensation strategy for the preset flood combination.

[0061] Optionally, the preset flood combination is pre-designed based on the historical flood characteristics and regional features of the area to be dispatched.

[0062] The present invention achieves a better allocation of flood control resources by fully considering the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, reduces the potential waste of flood control resources to a certain extent, and formulates differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards for different river basin floods, so as to achieve effective utilization of flood resources and maximize flood control benefits.

[0063] In the flood control storage capacity activation method of the present invention, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level. The step of solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir specifically includes:

[0064] Determining the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level according to the historical runoff information of each flood control point;

[0065] Optionally, the characteristic water level in this embodiment includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level.

[0066] When the water level at a flood control point exceeds the warning level, it indicates that an early warning is needed for the current flood control point, which may cause flood losses. The guaranteed water level represents the maximum water level that guarantees the safety of the flood control point. Therefore, in this embodiment, the guaranteed water level is higher than the warning level.

[0067] Furthermore, the corresponding safe discharge volume is determined based on the warning water level and guaranteed water level of each flood control point.

[0068] In a feasible implementation, the water level-flow relationship curve of each flood control point is obtained by fitting the historical runoff information at each flood control point. The warning water level and the guaranteed water level are found in the water level-flow relationship curve, and the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level are determined according to the corresponding flow rate. t Constraints on joint flood control operation of reservoir groups at the end of a time period.

[0069] When the water level of the terminal reservoir is lower than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, wherein the water level conversion threshold is the control parameter obtained by solution.

[0070] Furthermore, a water level conversion threshold is set as the obtained control parameter. The water level conversion threshold represents the timing of switching between the warning water level and the guaranteed water level.

[0071] Specifically, when the current water level of the terminal reservoir is lower than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, which is used to calculate the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, which is used to calculate the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0072] That is, when the amount of flood water is small, the flood control scheduling strategy is used to keep the water level of each flood control point below the warning water level; when the amount of flood water is too large, the flood control scheduling strategy is updated by using the safe discharge volume corresponding to the guaranteed water level, so that the water level of each flood control point can be kept below the guaranteed water level.

[0073] By using the water level conversion threshold as a control parameter, the present invention realizes the formulation of differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards based on the characteristic water level (warning water level / guaranteed water level) of the flood control control station, thereby more effectively utilizing flood resources and maximizing flood control benefits.

[0074] In the flood control storage capacity activation method of the present invention, the step of using the safe discharge volume of each flood control control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model specifically includes:

[0075] Defining the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group composed of the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points;

[0076] In one feasible implementation, for the nth downstream flood control point, the sum of the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the interval inflow between each terminal reservoir and each flood control point is equal to its safe discharge capacity, that is:

[0077] ;

[0078] Where, For the t The allowable outflow of the terminal reservoir to ensure the safety of the nth flood control point during the time period; For the tThe inflow from the reservoir at the end of the time period to the nth flood control point.

[0079] In another feasible implementation, based on the above, taking into account the time lag between the terminal reservoir and the flood control point, the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group is expressed as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] Where, For the The inflow from the reservoir at the end of the time period to the nth flood control point.

[0082] On this basis, the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group The minimum value corresponding to the safety of all flood control points should be taken , to ensure that each downstream flood control point is in a safe state when the terminal reservoir discharges, as shown below: .

[0083] Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir;

[0084] for N The total intercepted flow of a terminal reservoir group consisting of terminal reservoirs is calculated as follows:

[0085] ;

[0086] Where, For the t The total flow that needs to be intercepted and stored by the reservoir group at the end of the time period; For the mth terminal reservoir in the t The inbound flow during the time period.

[0087] The outflow of each terminal reservoir is defined according to the total intercepted flow, the maximum intercepted flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir.

[0088] Optionally, pre-acquire the flood control storage capacity mobilization priority as N The preset priority order of the terminal reservoirs.

[0089] The outflow rate of each terminal reservoir is determined in sequence according to the preset priority order.

[0090] In one feasible implementation, for the terminal reservoir at the kth priority level, its outflow is set equal to the smaller value of the inflow minus the total impounded flow and the maximum impounded flow of the terminal reservoir. If the calculated outflow of the terminal reservoir is less than the reservoir power generation flow, it is set equal to the power generation flow, and the total impounded flow of the terminal reservoir group is then updated as follows:

[0091] ;

[0092] Where, For the k The reservoir is in t Outbound flow during the time period; For the k The reservoir is in t The inbound flow during the time period.

[0093] Let the initial value of k be 1. After updating once, let k=k+1, and then update it one by one in the above way until the calculation is completed for all terminal reservoirs or the total impoundment flow of the terminal reservoir group is zero.

[0094] It can be understood that for the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group in the tth time period, the terminal reservoir at the first priority is first judged. When the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group is less than the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir, the outflow flow of the terminal reservoir can be directly calculated by subtracting the total intercepted flow from the inflow, that is, the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group in this period can be independently intercepted by the terminal reservoir.

[0095] When the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group is greater than the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir, the outflow of the terminal reservoir is calculated by subtracting the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir from the inflow, that is, the total intercepted flow is intercepted by the maximum interception capacity of the terminal reservoir, and the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group after the interception by the reservoir is updated at the same time. The outflow of the terminal reservoir with the second priority in this period is calculated in the same way, until the activated terminal reservoir can intercept the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group in this period.

[0096] Through the above method, the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir in each period can be distributed to each terminal reservoir for interception and storage. By calculating the terminal reservoirs activated in each period during the scheduling period and the outflow of each terminal reservoir, the outflow and activation timing of each terminal reservoir during the scheduling period can be determined, thereby obtaining a flood control compensation strategy for the preset flood combination.

[0097] In the flood control storage capacity activation method of the present invention, the flood control scheduling constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints.

[0098] Optionally, the reservoir water balance constraint is as follows:

[0099] ;

[0100] Where, represents the inflow of the mth terminal reservoir in period t; It represents the outflow of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period.

[0101] Optionally, the reservoir level constraint is as follows:

[0102] ;

[0103] Where, and They represent the upper and lower limits of the water level during the operation period of the mth terminal reservoir; Represents the water level of the mth terminal reservoir at the tth time period.

[0104] Optionally, the reservoir outflow constraint is as follows:

[0105] ;

[0106] Where, Indicates that the water level of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period reaches When , the maximum discharge flow of the terminal reservoir is; It represents the lower limit of the outflow of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period; and They represent the ecological guarantee flow and navigation guarantee flow of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period respectively.

[0107] Optionally, the initial water level constraint of the reservoir operation period is as follows:

[0108] ;

[0109] Where, represents the initial water level of the mth terminal reservoir during the dispatch period.

[0110] In summary, the flood control scheduling constraints in this embodiment include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints. The above constraints are used as limit solution control parameters.

[0111] In other feasible implementations, flood control scheduling constraints can also be reasonably selected and constructed based on the functions and operating status of each terminal reservoir during the scheduling period, so that each terminal reservoir in the scheduling can meet the scheduling needs while ensuring its normal function.

[0112] In the flood control reservoir capacity activation method of the present invention, before the step of using a preset flood combination as input to solve the value of the control parameter based on the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraints, the method further includes:

[0113] A plurality of preset flood combinations are pre-designed based on the flood characteristics and regional composition features of the target prevention and control area.

[0114] Optionally, based on flood characteristics and regional composition features, three typical years are selected: the center of the rainstorm is located in the tributary with less water in the main stream, the center of the rainstorm is located in the main stream with less water in the tributaries, and rainstorms occur simultaneously in the main stream and tributaries. The design flood is calculated based on the design flood results in the scheduling regulations, and the design floods are combined as input to provide a scheduling background for different flood area compositions, and the corresponding flood control scheduling strategy is calculated and generated.

[0115] In the flood control reservoir capacity activation method of the present invention, the step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving for the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraints specifically includes:

[0116] According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input and a genetic algorithm is used to solve and obtain the value of the control parameter.

[0117] In a feasible implementation, the objective function, flood control scheduling constraints and flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model are combined to form a reservoir group joint scheduling model, the preset flood combination is used as the input of the reservoir group joint scheduling model, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the reservoir group joint scheduling model.

[0118] Specifically, the upper and lower limits of each decision variable and the relevant parameters of the genetic algorithm (GA) are first set. The decision variables represent the key parameters of the reservoir group's flood control and compensation scheduling strategy. In this implementation, these specifically include the timing of activating the flood control storage capacity of tributary reservoirs, the maximum flow rate of tributary reservoirs, and the timing of switching between warning and guaranteed water levels.

[0119] The relevant parameters of the genetic algorithm include the maximum number of iterations. K , crossover and mutation probabilities are p 1 and p 2. Population size NP wait.

[0120] The genetic algorithm solution begins with population initialization and fitness evaluation. With the iteration number k = 1, a parent population is randomly initialized. Based on the flood control scheduling procedures of the scheduled objects and the activation method of the flood control storage capacity of the reservoir group, the flood control target fitness value of each individual in the population is calculated.

[0121] The next step is to generate the offspring population. The population selection, crossover, and mutation operations are performed to generate the offspring population.

[0122] The population is merged again. The parent population is merged with the child population, and the population size is now 2NP.

[0123] Then, for fast non-dominated sorting and crowding calculation, the individuals in the population are non-dominated sorted according to their fitness values, the non-dominated relationship between individuals is determined, and the crowding of each individual is calculated.

[0124] Generate a new offspring population based on the fast non-dominated sorting result and the congestion degree, and update the number of iterations k=k+1.

[0125] Repeat the above steps from generation of offspring population to iterative update until the number of iterations k reaches the preset maximum value K After the iteration is completed, the optimal solution is extracted from the final parent population to obtain the final decision variables.

[0126] It can be understood that the maximum intercepted flow of the tributary reservoir in the decision variable in this embodiment represents the maximum intercepted flow of each terminal reservoir in the control parameter; the warning / guaranteed water level conversion timing represents the water level conversion threshold in the control parameter. At the same time, the safe discharge volume of each flood control point actually used can be determined according to the water level conversion threshold. Therefore, solving the decision variable is to solve the value of the control parameter, so that the value of the control parameter can be substituted into the flood compensation strategy scheduling sub-model, and the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir in each time period is solved to generate a flood control scheduling strategy corresponding to the preset flood combination, so as to realize the activation of flood control storage capacity.

[0127] The present invention combines flood characteristics and regional composition characteristics, considers the frequency and intensity combination of flood extreme events, provides a scheduling background for the flood control scheduling model based on the design flood combination of different flood regional compositions, and obtains the flood control reservoir capacity activation plan under different flood regional composition scenarios.

[0128] The following describes the method for activating flood control storage capacity of the present invention in conjunction with a specific embodiment:

[0129] First, collect basic information and dispatching procedures for the reservoirs involved in flood control operations. This basic reservoir information includes the characteristic parameters and dispatching operation curves for reservoir groups A and B (B1 and B2). Characteristic parameters include reservoir flood control water levels, high flood control water levels, and flood control storage capacity. Dispatching operation curves include water level-storage capacity curves, downstream tailwater level curves, and maximum discharge curves. A, B1, and B2 are numbered 1, 2, and 3, respectively, with the most downstream reservoirs (A and B2) being referred to as the terminal reservoirs.

[0130] Operational regulations include reservoir operation constraints and the characteristic water levels of the reservoir flood control compensation targets (downstream flood control control points). Operational constraints include upper and lower limits for the water levels and outflow rates of the A and B (B1 and B2) reservoir groups. The characteristic water levels of the reservoir flood control compensation targets (City C flood control points) include warning and guaranteed levels.

[0131] Furthermore, a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is constructed based on the above information.

[0132] Based on the reservoir status in time period t and the downstream graded flood control standards, the safe discharge volume of the flood control control point in City C is calculated, and the initial value of t is 1.

[0133] Then, the allowable discharge of each reservoir in period t is calculated based on the safe discharge of the flood control point.

[0134] For the flood control point in City C, let the sum of the total outflow of the A and B reservoir groups and the inflow between the reservoir and the flood control point be equal to its safe discharge:

[0135] ;

[0136] Where, is the allowable outflow of Reservoir A to ensure the safety of the flood control point in City C during period t; is the inflow from Reservoir A to the flood control point in City C during period t.

[0137] Calculate whether natural floods exceed safe discharge when they reach flood control control points. If so, control discharge according to the allowable discharge of each reservoir. Otherwise, the outflow during this period is equal to the inflow, and flood control is not activated. Natural floods represent floods simulated by preset flood combinations.

[0138] Furthermore, based on flood characteristics and regional composition, 1969 was selected as a representative year when the center of the rainstorm was located in tributary B River and the main stream of River A had low water inflow; 1981 was selected as a representative year when the center of the rainstorm was located in the main stream of River A and the main stream of tributary B River had low water inflow; and 1998 was selected as a representative year when heavy rain occurred simultaneously in the main stream of River A and tributary B River. Based on the design flood results in the dispatching regulations, the floods at stations D and E in these three typical years were amplified at frequencies of 5%, 1%, and 0.1%. The design floods of stations A and B were combined as inputs at a ratio of 0.1% for station D minus 5% for station E (typical year 1969), 5% for station D minus 0.1% for station E (typical year 1981), and 0.1% for station D minus 0.1% for station E (typical year 1998).

[0139] Based on the excess flood volume at the flood control point in City C, the objective function was constructed. The flood control operation constraints were determined according to the functions and characteristics of each reservoir involved in the regulation, and a reservoir group joint operation model was constructed. The results obtained by using the genetic algorithm are shown in Table 1 below:

[0140] Table 1

[0141]

[0142] On this basis, the optimized water level regulation process of cascade reservoirs A and B under three typical floods is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0143] The flood control storage capacity activation device provided by the present invention is described below. The flood control storage capacity activation device described below and the flood control storage capacity activation method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0144] like Figure 3 As shown, the flood control storage capacity activation device of the present invention includes a first construction module 301, a second construction module 302 and a strategy generation module 303:

[0145] The first construction module 301 is used to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters;

[0146] The flood control point is also the flood control compensation object of the downstream reservoir. When the flood exceeds its own storage capacity, the terminal reservoir of each upstream will discharge flood water to the downstream flood control points.

[0147] The characteristic water levels of flood control points are various water levels that need to be controlled to reach or allowed to drop to in order to complete different tasks at different times of the year and under various hydrological conditions; the safe discharge volume corresponding to the characteristic water levels of flood control points is the flood discharge volume required to ensure that the water level of each flood control point remains below the corresponding characteristic water level.

[0148] It can be understood that for a terminal reservoir group consisting of several terminal reservoirs, the sum of the safe discharges corresponding to the characteristic water levels of all downstream flood control points is the maximum outflow that the terminal reservoir group can discharge while ensuring safety. The total amount of water that the terminal reservoir group needs to store can be determined based on the inflow and maximum outflow of the terminal reservoir group.

[0149] At the same time, the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir represents the maximum amount of water that each terminal reservoir can intercept while ensuring its own safety. Therefore, based on the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir and the total amount of water that needs to be intercepted by the terminal reservoir group, the amount of water that needs to be intercepted and stored by each terminal reservoir and the timing of its activation can be determined, thereby also determining the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir, which is used as the flood control compensation strategy obtained by the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model.

[0150] The safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir are used as the control parameters to be solved to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model. After determining the value of the control parameters, the outflow flow and activation timing of each terminal reservoir can be obtained as the flood control compensation strategy.

[0151] In other words, the flood control and compensation strategy is used to compensate and adjust the outflow of the terminal reservoir according to the water level status of the terminal reservoir in period t and the characteristic water level of the flood control point in that period. Among them, period t is any period of time during which compensation and regulation are performed.

[0152] Optionally, before constructing the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model, basic information and scheduling procedures of the reservoirs involved in flood control scheduling are collected in advance.

[0153] The second construction module 302 is configured to construct an objective function according to the excess flood volume at the flood control point;

[0154] Furthermore, in order to solve the control parameters, an objective function is defined based on the excess flood volume of multiple downstream flood control points.

[0155] Specifically, flood control safety in downstream areas requires that terminal reservoirs be able to fully utilize their flood interception and storage capabilities. By increasing the water storage capacity of terminal reservoirs, the excess flood volume at the downstream flood control point can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the objective function can be constructed by minimizing the excess flood volume exceeding the characteristic water level of the flood control point as the flood control goal.

[0156] In a feasible implementation, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level. If the water level at the flood control point exceeds the warning water level, flood losses may occur. Therefore, minimizing the excess flood volume exceeding the warning water level is the flood control goal.

[0157] In other feasible implementations, according to specific scheduling requirements, other characteristic water levels, such as flood limit water level, flood control high water level, design flood level, etc., can also be used as the design basis of the objective function, and the flood control goal can be minimized, with the excess flood volume exceeding the corresponding characteristic water level as the flood control goal, and the objective function can be constructed in a similar way.

[0158] The strategy generation module 303 is used to take the preset flood combination as input according to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, solve the value of the control parameter, and solve the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0159] Among them, flood control scheduling constraints are the constraints imposed on each reservoir within different scheduling periods.

[0160] For example, in order to ensure the ecological guarantee flow and navigation guarantee flow of each reservoir in different time periods, it is necessary to limit the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0161] For example, in order to ensure the safety of each reservoir at different times, the water volume of each reservoir at different times also needs to be restricted.

[0162] On this basis, a flood combination is pre-designed as input, the objective function is used as the goal of the optimization solution, and the flood control scheduling constraints are used as the limiting conditions of the optimization solution to solve the control parameters. The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model can be solved according to the value of the control parameters to obtain the outflow and activation time of each terminal reservoir as the flood control compensation strategy for the preset flood combination.

[0163] Optionally, the preset flood combination is pre-designed based on the historical flood characteristics and regional features of the area to be dispatched.

[0164] The present invention achieves a better allocation of flood control resources by fully considering the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, reduces the potential waste of flood control resources to a certain extent, and formulates differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards for different river basin floods, so as to achieve effective utilization of flood resources and maximize flood control benefits.

[0165] Figure 4 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communication interface 420, a memory 430 and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication interface 420 and the memory 430 communicate with each other via the communication bus 440. The processor 410 may call the logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute the flood control storage capacity activation method, which includes: using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point; based on the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraints, using a preset flood combination as input, solving to obtain the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0166] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product, stored in a storage medium, includes instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0167] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the above methods, which includes: using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point; based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, using a preset flood combination as input to solve for the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0168] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point; based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, using a preset flood combination as input to solve for the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0169] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0170] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain portions of the embodiments.

[0171] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for activating flood control storage capacity, characterized in that: include: The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is constructed by taking the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume at the flood control point; According to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input to obtain the value of the control parameter, and the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow of each terminal reservoir; The step of constructing a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model by using the safe discharge volume of each flood control control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters specifically includes: Defining the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group composed of the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points; Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir; Defining the outflow of each terminal reservoir according to the total impounded flow, the maximum impounded flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir; Wherein, the objective function is: ； Where, Q n (t) Indicates that the nth flood control point is in t Traffic volume during the time period; Q w,n Indicates the n The safe discharge volume corresponding to the warning water level of each flood control point; Δ t Indicates that the calculation period is long; T is the total number of time periods in the scheduling period; N is the number of flood control points in the study area; The calculation function of excess flood volume representing the water level exceeding the warning level is: 。 2. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic water level includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level. The step of solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow of each terminal reservoir specifically includes: Determining the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level according to the historical runoff information of each flood control point; When the water level of the terminal reservoir is lower than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, wherein the water level conversion threshold is the control parameter obtained by solution.

3. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flood control scheduling constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints.

4. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, the method further includes: A plurality of preset flood combinations are pre-designed based on the flood characteristics and regional composition features of the target prevention and control area.

5. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition specifically includes: According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input and a genetic algorithm is used to solve and obtain the value of the control parameter.

6. A flood control storage capacity activation device, characterized in that: include: The first construction module is used to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model using the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; A second construction module is used to construct an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; a strategy generation module, configured to use a preset flood combination as input to obtain the value of the control parameter based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, and to solve the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow of each terminal reservoir; The first construction module is specifically configured to: define the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group formed by the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points; Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir; Defining the outflow of each terminal reservoir according to the total impounded flow, the maximum impounded flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir; Wherein, the objective function is: ； Where, Q n (t) Indicates that the nth flood control point is in t Traffic volume during the time period; Q w,n Indicates the n The safe discharge volume corresponding to the warning water level of each flood control point; Δ t Indicates that the calculation period is long; T is the total number of time periods in the scheduling period; N is the number of flood control points in the study area; The calculation function of excess flood volume representing the water level exceeding the warning level is: 。 7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the flood control storage capacity activation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the flood control storage capacity activation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the flood control storage capacity activation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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