Wake-up signal mode selection for receiver devices

Abstract

Systems, methods, apparatus, and computer program products for wake-up signal mode selection for a receiver device. The method may include sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The method may also include receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from the one or more wake-up signal patterns. Further, the method may include activating one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at the wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Some example embodiments may generally relate to mobile or wireless communication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) access technology, or beyond 5G, or other communication systems. For example, certain example embodiments may relate to apparatus, systems and / or methods for wake-up signal mode selection for a receiver device. Background Art

[0002] Examples of mobile or wireless communication systems may include: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-A Pro and / or fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) communication systems, and future generation communication systems. The fifth generation (5G) communication system refers to the network architecture of the next generation (NG) radio access network and core network. The 5G communication system is mainly based on the new radio (NR) radio access technology (5GNR), but the 5G (or NG) network can also be built on E-UTRAN. It is estimated that 5G NR will provide bit rates of 10-20Gbit / s or higher, and will support at least enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) and massive machine-type communication (mMTC). 5G NR is expected to provide extremely broadband, ultra-robust, low-latency connections, and large-scale networking to support the Internet of Things (IoT). Summary of the invention

[0003] Some example embodiments may be directed to a method. The method may include sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The method may also include receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns. Furthermore, the method may include activating, at a wake-up receiver, one or more wake-up receiver capabilities based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0004] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may also be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least send an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The apparatus may also be caused to receive an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns from the network element. Furthermore, the apparatus may be caused to activate one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at a wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0005] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include: means for sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The apparatus may also include: means for receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal mode selected from one or more wake-up signal modes. In addition, the apparatus may include: means for activating, at a wake-up receiver, one or more wake-up receiver capabilities based on the activated wake-up signal mode.

[0006] According to other example embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable medium may be encoded with instructions that, when executed in hardware, may perform a method. The method may include: sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The method may also include: receiving an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns from the network element. In addition, the method may include: activating one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at a wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0007] Other example embodiments may be directed to a computer program product for performing a method. The method may include: sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The method may also include: receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns. Furthermore, the method may include: activating, at a wake-up receiver, one or more wake-up receiver capabilities based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0008] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that may include circuitry configured to send an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The apparatus may also include circuitry configured to receive an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns from the network element. Additionally, the apparatus may include circuitry configured to activate one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at a wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0009] Certain example embodiments may be directed to a method. The method may include receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The method may also include monitoring one or more states of the user device. Additionally, the method may include activating a wake-up signal pattern based on monitoring the one or more states of the user device. Additionally, the method may include sending the activated wake-up signal pattern to the user device.

[0010] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, together with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least receive one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The apparatus may also be caused to monitor one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may be caused to activate a wake-up signal mode based on monitoring the one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may be caused to send the activated wake-up signal mode to the user device.

[0011] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include: a component for receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The apparatus may also include: a component for monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may include: a component for activating a wake-up signal mode based on monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may include: a component for sending the activated wake-up signal mode to the user device.

[0012] According to other example embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable medium may be encoded with instructions that, when executed in hardware, may perform a method. The method may include: receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The method may also include: monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the method may include: activating a wake-up signal mode based on monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the method may include: sending the activated wake-up signal mode to the user device.

[0013] Other example embodiments may be directed to a computer program product for performing a method. The method may include receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The method may also include monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the method may include activating a wake-up signal mode based on monitoring the one or more states of the user device. In addition, the method may include sending the activated wake-up signal mode to the user device.

[0014] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that may include circuitry configured to receive one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The apparatus may also include circuitry configured to monitor one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may include circuitry configured to activate a wake-up signal pattern based on monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may include circuitry configured to send the activated wake-up signal pattern to the user device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] For a proper understanding of the exemplary embodiments, reference may be made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 Example concepts for waking up a new wireless receiver are described.

[0017] Figure 2 Example wake-up signal patterns are described in accordance with certain example embodiments.

[0018] Figure 3 An example signaling diagram is illustrated in accordance with certain example embodiments.

[0019] Figure 4 An example flow chart illustrating a method according to certain example embodiments.

[0020] Figure 5 An example flow chart illustrating another method according to certain example embodiments.

[0021] Figure 6 A set of apparatuses according to certain example embodiments is described. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] It will be readily appreciated that the components of certain example embodiments generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. The following is a detailed description of some example embodiments of systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for receiver device wake-up signal pattern selection. In some example embodiments, the receiver device may include a hybrid wake-up receiver device.

[0023] The features, structures, or characteristics of the example embodiments described throughout this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. For example, the phrases "certain embodiments," "example embodiments," "some embodiments," or other similar language used throughout this specification means that specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with one embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "certain embodiments," "example embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," or other similar language appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same set of embodiments, and the features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. In addition, the terms "cell," "node," "gNB," or other similar terms may be used interchangeably throughout this specification.

[0024] In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and 5G NR, 5G systems are designed and developed for both mobile phones and vertical use cases. In addition to latency, reliability, and availability, user equipment (UE) energy efficiency is important for 5G. Currently, 5G devices may need to be charged weekly or daily, depending on the usage time. In general, 5G devices consume tens of milliwatts in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) idle / inactive state and hundreds of milliwatts in the RRC connected state. Therefore, designs that extend battery life may be required to improve energy efficiency as well as user experience.

[0025] Energy efficiency is very important for UEs that do not have a continuous energy source (e.g., UEs using small rechargeable batteries and single button batteries). In vertical use cases, sensors and actuators can be widely deployed for monitoring, measurement, charging, etc. Generally speaking, their batteries may not be rechargeable and are expected to last at least a few years. For example, these batteries can be associated with wearable devices, including, for example, smart watches, rings, electronic health-related devices, and medical monitoring devices.

[0026] In some cases, power consumption may depend on the configured wake-up period length (e.g., paging cycle). In order to meet the above battery life requirements, an extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycle with a larger value may be used, resulting in high latency, which is not suitable for services that require both long battery life and low latency. For example, in a fire detection and fire extinguishing use case, the fire shutters may be closed within 1 to 2 seconds after the sensor detects the fire, and the actuators may open the fire sprinkler facilities within 1 to 2 seconds. In this case, a longer eDRX cycle will not meet the latency requirements, and eDRX may not be suitable for use cases with strict latency requirements.

[0027] Currently, the UE may need to wake up periodically once per DRX cycle, which consumes a lot of power during periods without signaling or data traffic. If the UE can only wake up when triggered (e.g., paging), power consumption will be greatly reduced. This can be achieved by using a wake-up signal to trigger the main radio, and a separate receiver with the ability to monitor the wake-up signal with ultra-low power consumption. The main radio can be used for data transmission and reception, and unless it is turned on, it can be turned off or set to deep sleep. In addition, the power consumption of monitoring the wake-up signal may depend on the wake-up signal design, and the hardware modules of the wake-up receiver for signal detection and processing.

[0028] Internet of Things (IoT) applications may also need to meet certain power requirements. For example, 3GPP specifies NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) / enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) and NR RedCap to meet the requirements for low-cost and low-power devices for wide-area IoT communications. These IoT devices may consume tens or hundreds of milliwatts of power during transmission and reception, and cost only a few dollars. However, to achieve the Internet of Everything, IoT devices with ten or even a hundred times lower cost and power consumption may be required, especially for a large number of applications that require battery-free devices.

[0029] In addition, the number of IoT connections is growing rapidly. As more and more things are expected to be interconnected to improve production efficiency and increase living comfort, this requires further reduction in the size, cost, and power consumption of IoT devices. In particular, it is impractical to regularly replace the batteries of all IoT devices due to the large amount of materials and manpower consumed. It has become a trend to power IoT devices using energy harvested from the environment to achieve self-sustaining communications, especially in applications with a large number of devices such as ID tags and sensors.

[0030] 3GPP also points out potential issues with the target use cases’ ability to work with energy harvesting, given the limited device size. For example, cellular devices typically consume tens or even hundreds of milliwatts of power for transceiver processing. Taking the NB-IoT module as an example, the typical current consumption for receive processing is about 60mA at a supply voltage above 3.1V, and the typical current consumption for transmit processing is about 70mA at 0dBm transmit power. Considering the small size of practical devices of only a few square centimeters, the output power provided by typical energy harvesters is mostly less than 1 milliwatt. Since the available power is much less than the consumed power, it is impractical to power cellular devices directly through energy harvesting in most cases.

[0031] One possible solution to the power consumption problem is to integrate energy harvesting with rechargeable batteries or supercapacitors. However, in practical situations, both rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors may suffer from shortened service life. Energy harvesting may have difficulty providing a constant charging current or voltage, and because the output power of the energy harvester is small, charging needs to be continued for a long time. Both the inconsistent charging current and the long-term continuous charging will damage the battery life.

[0032] For supercapacitors, their lifespan may be greatly shortened in high temperature environments (for example, less than 3 years at 50 degrees Celsius). In addition, the device size will be greatly increased. Since small-sized button batteries can only provide a small amount of current of tens of milliamperes, larger batteries (such as AA batteries) are usually used to power cellular devices, which may even be larger than the module itself. In order to store energy for a suitable working duration (for example, one second), the capacitance required for supercapacitors may reach 100 millifarads. The size of such supercapacitors may be larger than the NB-IoT module. In addition, both rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors may be more expensive than the module itself.

[0033] For non-3GPP technologies such as Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology, battery-free tags (devices) can be supported. The power consumption of commercial passive RFID tags can be as low as 1 microwatt. The technologies to achieve this low power consumption include envelope detection for downlink data reception and backscatter communication for uplink data transmission. RFID is designed for short-range communication, with a typical effective distance of less than 10 meters. Since the air interface of RFID remains almost unchanged, simple transmission schemes may become an obstacle to improving its link budget and the ability to support scalable networks.

[0034] For NR energy saving, a dedicated signal can be defined to instruct the UE to wake up at the next DRX on-duration. The signal can be defined as Downlink Control Information (DCI), whose cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is scrambled by the paging system radio network temporary identifier (PS-RNTI), also known as "DCP". If the UE does not receive the DCP during the network-defined wake-up opportunity, or the received DCP does not contain a wake-up indication, the UE may assume that there is no data and may skip monitoring of the Physical Downlink Control CHannel (PDCCH) during the next DRX on-duration. Therefore, energy saving can be achieved when there is no data. In addition, in order to minimize false alarms (causing unnecessary waking up of the UE), the DCP wake-up signal (WakeUp Signal, WUS) can be targeted at a UE-specific identifier, such as PS-RNTI.

[0035] Figure 1 An example DCP concept for waking up an NR receiver is illustrated. To monitor WUS opportunities, the UE may use a simple wakeup receiver (WRx). In some cases, even when WRx has reduced capabilities, it may still be an active unit (i.e., it may consume power to operate (unlike a passive unit that has no power)). When WRx detects a UE-specific WUS signal, the latter may trigger the full NR baseband (BB) receiver (BBRx) to wake up to monitor the next PDCCH opportunity. In addition, since WRx may need to be active at all WUS opportunities, the energy savings achieved by utilizing the WUS framework may be limited by the upper limit of the cost of running WRx. On the other hand, for power-constrained UEs, it may be necessary to consider how to minimize the cost of running WRx.

[0036] In view of the challenges faced by the conventional WUS framework, certain example embodiments may provide a way to minimize the costs associated with monitoring WUS opportunities and improve energy saving of NR UEs. For example, certain example embodiments may utilize an enhanced WRx architecture, where WRx may be implemented as a hybrid structure including a passive branch and an active branch, the latter of which may implement a standard NR wake-up detector.

[0037] In addition, in certain example embodiments, the network may dynamically change the WUS mode using information about the UE's intrinsic state (e.g., battery charge) and / or extrinsic state (e.g., coarse location, such as serving beam index, proximity to other UEs, etc.). In some example embodiments, the WUS mode may be defined with respect to a WUS passive occasion (PO) associated with a first type of WUS signal. In other example embodiments, the WUS mode may be defined with respect to a WUS active occasion (AO) associated with a second type of WUS signal. In another example embodiment, the WUS mode may be defined with respect to a WUS hybrid occasion (HO) combining PO and AO associated with a third type of WUS signal, wherein the first, second, and third signal types may be generated the same / similarly, or may not be generated the same / similarly. In some example embodiments, during the PO WUS, WRx may use a passive radio to detect the signal, and during the AO WUS, WRx may enable, turn on, or otherwise use the active branch.

[0038] According to certain example embodiments, the UE may inform the NW (e.g., serving gNB) of the WRx capability for passive or active detection. In some example embodiments, the passive detection level (e.g., signal decoding or signal demodulation) may also be indicated. In response to the information received from the UE regarding the WRx capability, the serving gNB may monitor at least the UE's external state, such as including, for example, UE rough location information and / or UE proximity, such as the number of nearby UEs. In other example embodiments, the serving gNB may also monitor the UE's internal state, such as including, for example, the UE's battery level.

[0039] In some example embodiments, the gNB may update the WUS mode when the UE's external or internal state changes, and / or when the WUS source changes (e.g., a SideLink (SL) UE is powered up to send a WUS on behalf of the network (NW)). In other example embodiments, the network may also use the capability indication in the information obtained from the UE to determine the mode and signal type of the WUS. According to some example embodiments, the WUS mode may be defined by a validity duration D (i.e., the time interval during which the mode applies) or a combination of PO, AO, and HO.

[0040] According to certain example embodiments, the UE itself may also trigger a re-evaluation of the WUS mode via an explicit WUS mode change request. For example, in certain example embodiments, the UE may request the gNB to evaluate whether a mode change is beneficial. The UE may also request to do so after it observes one or more WUS detection errors associated with the current mode. According to other example embodiments, the serving gNB may send the new updated WUS mode to the UE via RRC or a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (MAC Control Element, MAC CE). Alternatively, in other example embodiments, the serving gNB may send a mode index, for example, if a mode list or some other reference to a mode set has been transmitted to the UE in response to the UE notifying the NW of WRx capabilities.

[0041] In certain example embodiments, upon receiving an updated WUS mode from the serving gNB, the UE may apply the updated WUS mode to the WRx. For example, if the WUS mode is WUS PO, the WRx may use, enable, or turn on a passive radio that harvests energy from the WUS signal and generates a binary signal (i.e., 1 if the passive radio recognizes the ID of the UE in the WUS). However, if the WUS mode is WUS AO, the WRx may use, enable, or turn on the active branch and perform standard active detection. Additionally, if the WUS mode is WUS HO, the WRx may use, enable, or turn on the passive branch while caching signal samples in the WRx memory. According to certain example embodiments, if the harvested energy is insufficient to power the passive radio, the active WRx may be triggered and the cached signal may be sent to the active branch for decoding.

[0042] As described above, certain example embodiments may provide NR WUS dynamic mode selection and deployment, which may reduce the power consumption of WRx for BBRx used to wake up NR UE. In certain example embodiments, NR WRx may have two branches, for example, including a passive branch and an active branch. With respect to the passive branch, the branch may be implemented by a passive radio. For example, a passive radio may be a radio that harvests energy from an input signal, and if the input signal is intended for a passive radio, the input signal may be modulated according to a predefined pattern represented by the received radio signal to generate a backscatter signal. In addition, the backscatter signal may be a binary signal, wherein the passive radio generates "1" if the signal is intended for the UE. Thus, the backscatter signal may be used as a trigger for the BBRx. As for the active branch, this may be implemented by an active radio. According to some example embodiments, the active radio may be an NR detector of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), which may demodulate and then decode the signal.

[0043] In certain example embodiments, WUS dynamic mode selection may use the dual-branch WRx architecture described above and may be updated by the NW when a change in the UE environment is detected. According to certain example embodiments, the change may occur when / if the WUS source changes. For example, the NW may specify a nearby UE or roadside unit (RSU) to send a WUS signal to the UE. In other example embodiments, the change may occur when / if the UE battery status changes. For example, due to severely limited battery power, the UE may show a preference for using the passive branch more often / exclusively. In another example embodiment, the change may occur when / if the NW / UE records a large number of false positive or false negative wake-up decisions (i.e., detection errors) of WRx. In other words, according to certain example embodiments, WRx may fail to correctly interpret the WUS signal due to bad channel conditions and / or poor WUS mode. As described above, according to certain example embodiments, when there are a large number of detection errors (e.g., exceeding or otherwise meeting a detection error threshold number), the UE may also explicitly request a WUS mode change, which in turn may trigger a similar evaluation on the NW side. In some example embodiments, the threshold for the number of detection errors may be implemented by the UE, or may be selected by the NW. For example, if the error rate exceeds a predefined percentage (eg, 60%), the NW or UE may request a change in the WUS mode.

[0044] Figure 2 Example WUS modes are described in accordance with certain example embodiments. Figure 2As described above, once the NW detects a change in the state associated with the UE and / or the reason for the change, the NW may generate an updated WUS pattern. Figure 2 As illustrated, there may be one or more WUS opportunities for defining a WUS pattern. For example, there may be a PO WUS, which may be associated with sending a WUS signal for a passive WRx. Such a PO WUS signal may be selected with respect to the passive WRx capability, particularly if the passive branch is capable of decoding. In this case, the PO WUS may be an OFDM signal, where each subcarrier contains complex modulation and coding data. In other example embodiments, the passive branch may demodulate the WUS signal. In this case, the PO WUS may be an original reference signal, such as a Zadoff-Chu sequence or a Gold sequence. In certain example embodiments, such a passive WRx capability indication may be transmitted to the NW once, such as when the UE registers with the NW.

[0045] Another WUS mode may include AO WUS, which may be associated with sending WUS signals for the active WRx branch. In this case, AO WUS may implement standard NR DCP signaling, while the active branch may implement PS-RNTI detection.

[0046] In other example embodiments, the WUS pattern may also include: a HO WUS associated with first transmitting a WUS signal for the passive WRx branch, and only for the active WRx branch when the passive radio detection fails. In this case, the HOWUS may include: a first set of resources for the PO WUS, and a second set of resources for transmitting the AO WUS. In this context, a resource may refer to a set of resource elements (RE), a physical resource block (PRB), a carrier, a BWP, etc. For example, according to certain example embodiments, a HO WUS may be generated by allocating N REs for transmitting the PO WUS, and allocating the remaining REs for the AO WUS, where N may represent the number of indexes of REs in a given BW.

[0047] According to certain example embodiments, once HO WUS is generated, WRx may trigger the memory cache to store RE N+1: M. In addition, WRx may trigger the passive branch to detect RE 1: N. If the detection fails (e.g., the passive branch does not generate an understandable backscatter signal (e.g., 1 or 0)), the active branch may be activated and the cached samples may be used as input for subsequent detection.

[0048] Figure 3An example signaling diagram according to certain example embodiments is illustrated. At 300, the UE may notify the serving gNB of the WRx capability for passive or active detection. At 305, in response to receiving information about the WRx capability, the serving gNB may send a list of WUS modes or some other reference to a set of one or more WUS modes to the UE. For example, in certain example embodiments, if the UE indicates that the WRx capability is for a passive branch, only a PO signal may be sent. On the other hand, if the UE indicates that the WRx capability is for an active branch, only an AO signal may be sent. In addition, if the UE indicates that the WRx capability is a mix of passive and active branches, a combined mode may be sent. In addition, if the UE additionally reports low battery, the combined mode may have multiple PO occurrences, as well as a small number of AO and / or HO occurrences. At 310, the serving gNB may evaluate the need for updating the current WUS mode. That is, the gNB may evaluate whether another mode needs to be activated from the list sent in operation 305. In some example embodiments, the evaluation may be based on one or more of the number of detection errors, and changes in the extrinsic and / or intrinsic state of the UE. Once the serving gNB completes the evaluation, the serving gNB may activate the selected mode determined based on the evaluation result at 315. Once the selected WUS mode is activated, at 320, the UE may check the selected WUS mode to determine whether the WUS mode is PO WUS, AO WUS, or HO WUS.

[0049] At 325, if the WUS mode is PO WUS, the UE may activate the WRx passive branch. At 330, if the WUS mode is AO WUS, the UE may activate the WRx active branch. However, at 335, if the WUS mode is HO WUS, the UE may activate a WRx combination of passive branches and active branches. After activating the appropriate branch of WRx, at 340, the UE may send a request to the serving gNB to change the WUS mode. As an illustrative example, the gNB may evaluate whether another mode needs to be activated from the list sent to the UE in operation 305. For example, the list may include various modes, such as mode 1, 2, 3, etc. The gNB may then activate a first mode 1, and the UE may receive mode 1 within a time window and monitor the detection error of the mode. If it is determined that the error is high, the UE may submit a request for a mode change to the gNB. Upon receiving the request, the gNB may evaluate the request and change the mode to, for example, mode 2. In certain example embodiments, this process may be repeated one or more times.

[0050] Figure 4 An example flow chart of a method according to certain example embodiments is illustrated. In an example embodiment, Figure 4The method may be performed by a network entity or a group of multiple network elements in a 3GPP system (such as LTE or 5G-NR). For example, in an example embodiment, Figure 4 The method may be performed by the UE or similar to Figure 6 The method is performed by a device of one of the apparatuses 10 or 20 described above.

[0051] According to certain example embodiments, Figure 4 The method may include: at 400, sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The method may also include: at 405, receiving one or more configuration options from the network element to identify one or more wake-up signal modes based on the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities. The method may also include: at 410, receiving an activated wake-up signal mode selected from the one or more wake-up signal modes from the network element. In addition, the method may include: at 415, activating one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at the wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal mode.

[0052] According to certain example embodiments, the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include: passive branching capability or active branching capability. According to some example embodiments, the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include: active branching capability and passive branching capability. According to other example embodiments, the activated wake-up signal mode may include: passive timing wake-up signal, active timing wake-up signal, or mixed timing wake-up signal.

[0053] In certain example embodiments, when the activated wake-up signal mode includes a passive opportunity wake-up signal, activating one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include turning on or using a passive radio of the wake-up receiver. In some example embodiments, the passive radio may harvest energy from the passive opportunity wake-up signal and generate a binary signal. In other example embodiments, when the activated wake-up signal mode includes an active opportunity wake-up signal, activating one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include turning on or using an active branch of the wake-up receiver. In further example embodiments, when the activated wake-up signal mode includes a mixed opportunity wake-up signal, activating one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include turning on or using a passive branch of the wake-up receiver while also caching the mixed opportunity wake-up signal, which is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

[0054] Figure 5 A flowchart example of another method according to certain example embodiments is illustrated. In an example embodiment, Figure 5 The method may be performed by a network entity or a group of multiple network elements in a 3GPP system (such as LTE or 5G-NR). For example, in an example embodiment, Figure 5 The method can be similar to Figure 6The network or gNB of one of the devices 10 or 20 described in the embodiment is executed.

[0055] According to certain example embodiments, Figure 5 The method may include: at 500, receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The method may also include: at 505, in response to the indication, sending one or more configuration options to the user device that identify one or more wake-up signal modes to the user device. The method may further include: at 510, monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the method may include: at 515, activating the wake-up signal mode based on monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the method may include: at 520, sending the activated wake-up signal mode to the user device.

[0056] According to certain example embodiments, the activated wake-up signal may be sent to the user device via a radio access control or media access control control element. According to some example embodiments, the one or more states may include: an external state and an internal state of the user device. In certain example embodiments, the external state may include: a rough location, or a network load near the user device, and the internal state may include: a battery level of the user device. According to other example embodiments, the monitoring may further include: recording the number of false positive or false negative wake-up decisions made by the user device.

[0057] In some example embodiments, one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include: passive branching capability or active branching capability. In some example embodiments, one or more wake-up receiver capabilities may include: active branching capability and passive branching capability. In other example embodiments, the activated wake-up signal mode may include: passive timing wake-up signal, active timing wake-up signal, or mixed timing wake-up signal. In other example embodiments, the activated wake-up signal mode may be defined by a validity period, or a combination of a passive timing wake-up signal, an active timing wake-up signal, and a mixed timing wake-up signal.

[0058] Figure 6 A set of apparatuses 10 and 20 according to some example embodiments are described. In some example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may be a node or element in a communication network, or a node or element associated with such a network, such as a UE, a mobile equipment (ME), a mobile station, a mobile device, a fixed device, an IoT device, or other devices. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can understand that the apparatus 10 may include Figure 6 Components or features not shown.

[0059] In some example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may include one or more processors, one or more computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory, storage device, etc.), one or more wireless access components (e.g., modems, transceivers, etc.), and / or a user interface. In some example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may be configured to operate using one or more wireless access technologies, such as GSM, LTE, LTE-A, NR, 5G, WLAN, WiFi, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, NFC, MulteFire, and / or any other wireless access technology. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the apparatus 10 may include Figure 6 Components or features not shown.

[0060] like Figure 6 As illustrated in the example, the device 10 may include or be coupled to a processor 12 for processing information and executing instructions or operations. The processor 12 may be any type of general-purpose or special-purpose processor. In fact, as an example, the processor 12 may include one or more of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Although Figure 6 A single processor 12 is shown, but according to other example embodiments, multiple processors may be used. For example, it should be understood that in some example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may include two or more processors that may form a multiprocessor system that supports multiprocessing (e.g., processor 12 may represent a plurality of processors in this case). According to some example embodiments, the multiprocessor system may be tightly coupled or loosely coupled (e.g., forming a computer cluster).

[0061] Processor 12 may perform functions associated with the operation of device 10, including, as some examples, precoding of antenna gain / phase parameters, encoding and decoding of individual bits forming communication messages, formatting of information, and overall control of device 10, including Figure 1-Figure 4 The process of explanation.

[0062] The device 10 may further include or be coupled to a memory 14 (internal or external), which may be coupled to the processor 12 for storing information and instructions that can be executed by the processor 12. The memory 14 may be one or more memories, and may be of any type suitable for the local application environment, and may be implemented using any suitable volatile or non-volatile data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and / or removable memory. For example, the memory 14 may include any combination of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), static storage such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, a hard disk drive (HDD), or any other type of non-transitory machine or computer-readable medium. The instructions stored in the memory 14 may include program instructions or computer program codes, which, when executed by the processor 12, enable the device 10 to perform the tasks described herein.

[0063] In certain example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may further include or be coupled to a (internal or external) drive or port configured to accept and read an external computer-readable storage medium, such as an optical disk, a USB drive, a flash drive, or any other storage medium. For example, the external computer-readable storage medium may store a computer program or software for execution by the processor 12 and / or the apparatus 10 to perform Figure 1-Figure 4 Any method of description.

[0064] In some example embodiments, the device 10 may also include or be coupled to one or more antennas 15 for receiving downlink signals and transmitting via an uplink of the device 10. The device 10 may also include a transceiver 18 configured to send and receive information. The transceiver 18 may also include a wireless interface (e.g., a modem) coupled to the antenna 15. The wireless interface may correspond to a variety of wireless access technologies, including one or more of GSM, LTE, LTE-A, 5G, NR, WLAN, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, BT-LE, NFC, RFID, UWB, etc. The wireless interface may include other components, such as filters, converters (e.g., digital-to-analog converters, etc.), symbol demappers, signal shaping components, Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) modules, etc., to process symbols (e.g., OFDMA symbols) carried by a downlink or uplink.

[0065] For example, the transceiver 18 may be configured to modulate information onto a carrier waveform for transmission by the antenna 15, and to demodulate information received via the antenna 15 for further processing by other elements of the apparatus 10. In other example embodiments, the transceiver 18 is capable of directly sending and receiving signals or data. Additionally or alternatively, in some example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may include input and / or output devices (I / O devices). In certain example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may further include a user interface, such as a graphical user interface or a touch screen.

[0066] In certain example embodiments, memory 14 stores software modules that provide functionality when executed by processor 12. For example, these modules may include an operating system that provides operating system functionality for device 10. The memory may also store one or more functional modules, such as applications or programs, that provide additional functionality for device 10. The components of device 10 may be implemented in hardware, or as any suitable combination of hardware and software. According to certain example embodiments, device 10 may be selectively configured to communicate with device 20 via a wireless or wired communication link 70 according to any radio access technology (e.g., NR).

[0067] According to some example embodiments, the processor 12 and the memory 14 may be included in, or may form part of, a processing circuit or a control circuit. In addition, in some example embodiments, the transceiver 18 may be included in, or may form part of, a transceiver circuit.

[0068] For example, in certain example embodiments, the apparatus 10 may be controlled by the memory 14 and the processor 12 to send an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The apparatus 10 may also be controlled by the memory 14 and the processor 12 to receive an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns from the network element. In addition, the apparatus 10 may be controlled by the memory 14 and the processor 12 to activate one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at the wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0069] like Figure 6 As described in the example, the device 20 may be a network, a core network element, or an element in a communication network or an element associated with such a network, such as a gNB. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can understand that the device 20 may include Figure 6 Components or features not shown.

[0070] like Figure 6As illustrated in the example of , the device 20 may include a processor 22 for processing information and executing instructions or operations. The processor 22 may be any type of general or special purpose processor. For example, the processor 22 may include one or more of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Although Figure 6 A single processor 22 is shown, but according to other example embodiments, multiple processors may be used. For example, it should be understood that in some example embodiments, the apparatus 20 may include two or more processors that may form a multiprocessor system that supports multiprocessing (e.g., in which case the processor 22 may represent a plurality of processors). In some example embodiments, the multiprocessor system may be tightly coupled or loosely coupled (e.g., forming a computer cluster).

[0071] According to certain example embodiments, processor 22 may perform functions associated with the operation of device 20, which may include, for example, precoding of antenna gain / phase parameters, encoding and decoding of individual bits forming communication messages, formatting of information, and overall control of device 20, including Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 5 The process described in .

[0072] The device 20 may further include or be coupled to a memory 24 (internal or external), which may be coupled to the processor 22 for storing information and instructions that can be executed by the processor 22. The memory 24 may be one or more memories and may be of any type suitable for the local application environment and may be implemented using any suitable volatile or non-volatile data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, and / or removable memory. For example, the memory 24 may include any combination of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), static storage such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, a hard disk drive (HDD), or any other type of non-transitory machine or computer readable medium. The instructions stored in the memory 24 may include program instructions or computer program code that, when executed by the processor 22, causes the device 20 to perform the tasks described herein.

[0073] In certain example embodiments, the apparatus 20 may further include or be coupled to a (internal or external) drive or port configured to accept and read an external computer-readable storage medium, such as an optical disk, a USB drive, a flash drive, or any other storage medium. For example, the external computer-readable storage medium may store a computer program or software for execution by the processor 22 and / or the apparatus 20 to perform Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 5 The method described in .

[0074] In certain example embodiments, the device 20 may also include or be coupled to one or more antennas 25 for transmitting and receiving signals and / or data to the device 20. The device 20 may further include or be coupled to a transceiver 28 configured to transmit and receive information. For example, the transceiver 28 may include a plurality of wireless interfaces that may be coupled to the antenna 25. The wireless interface may correspond to a variety of wireless access technologies, including one or more of GSM, NB-IoT, LTE, 5G, WLAN, Bluetooth, BT-LE, NFC, Radio Frequency IDentifier (RFID), Ultra Wide Band (UWB), MulteFire, etc. The wireless interface may include components, such as filters, converters (e.g., digital-to-analog converters, etc.), mappers, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) modules, etc., for generating symbols for transmission via one or more downlinks, and receiving symbols (e.g., via an uplink).

[0075] Thus, the transceiver 28 may be configured to modulate information onto a carrier waveform for transmission by the antenna 25, and to demodulate information received via the antenna 25 for further processing by other elements of the apparatus 20. In other example embodiments, the transceiver 18 may be capable of directly sending and receiving signals or data. Additionally or alternatively, in some example embodiments, the apparatus 20 may include input and / or output devices (I / O devices).

[0076] In certain example embodiments, memory 24 may store software modules that provide functionality when executed by processor 22. For example, these modules may include an operating system that provides operating system functionality for device 20. Memory may also store one or more functional modules, such as applications or programs, that provide additional functionality for device 20. The components of device 20 may be implemented in hardware, or may be implemented as any suitable combination of hardware and software.

[0077] According to some example embodiments, the processor 22 and the memory 24 may be included in a processing circuit or a control circuit, or may form a part of a processing circuit or a control circuit. In addition, in some example embodiments, the transceiver 28 may be included in a transceiver circuit, or may form a part of a transceiver circuit.

[0078] As used herein, the term "circuit" may refer to any portion of a hardware circuit implementation (e.g., analog and / or digital circuitry), a combination of hardware circuitry and software, a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry and software / firmware, a hardware processor and software (including a digital signal processor) that work together to enable a device (e.g., devices 10 and 20) to perform various functions, and / or to operate using software, but the software may not be present or portions thereof when the software is not required for operation. As a further example, as used herein, the term "circuit" may also cover an implementation of a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, the term circuit may also cover a baseband integrated circuit in a server, cellular network node or device, or other computing or network device.

[0079] For example, in certain example embodiments, the apparatus 20 may be controlled by the memory 24 and the processor 22 to receive one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from the user equipment. The apparatus 20 may also be controlled by the memory 24 and the processor 22 to monitor one or more states of the user equipment. In addition, the apparatus 20 may be controlled by the memory 24 and the processor 22 to activate a wake-up signal pattern based on monitoring one or more states of the user equipment. In addition, the apparatus 20 may be controlled by the memory 24 and the processor 22 to send an activated wake-up signal pattern to the user equipment.

[0080] In some example embodiments, an apparatus (e.g., apparatus 10 and / or apparatus 20) may include components for performing a method, process, or any variant discussed herein. Examples of components may include one or more processors, memories, controllers, transmitters, receivers, and / or computer program code for causing operations to be performed.

[0081] Certain example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus including means for performing any of the methods described herein, such as means for sending an indication of one or more wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element. The apparatus may also include means for receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns. Furthermore, the apparatus may include means for activating, at a wake-up receiver, one or more wake-up receiver capabilities based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

[0082] Certain example embodiments may also be directed to an apparatus, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user device. The apparatus may also include: means for monitoring one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may also include: means for activating a wake-up signal mode based on monitoring the one or more states of the user device. In addition, the apparatus may include: means for sending the activated wake-up signal mode to the user device.

[0083] Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a component for receiving a handover request message from a source network element. The apparatus may also include: a component for sending a handover request response message to the source network element in response to the handover request message, the handover request response message including network communication information. The apparatus may further include: a component for sending multicast and broadcast service information to a user equipment in an idle mode using a point-to-multipoint service.

[0084] Certain example embodiments described herein provide several technical improvements, enhancements and / or advantages. For example, in some example embodiments, a NR WUS dynamic mode selection and deployment may be provided to reduce the power consumption of the WRx used to wake up the BBRx of the NR UE. According to other example embodiments, the cost of monitoring WUS opportunities may be minimized and the energy saving of the NR UE may be improved.

[0085] The computer program product may include one or more computer executable components that are configured to perform some example embodiments when the program is run. The one or more computer executable components may be at least one software code or a portion thereof. Modifications and configurations required to implement the functionality of some example embodiments may be performed as routines, which may be implemented as added or updated software routines. The software routines may be downloaded to a device.

[0086] For example, software or computer program code or parts thereof may be in source code form, object code form or some intermediate form and may be stored in some carrier, distribution medium or computer readable medium, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. For example, such carriers may include recording media, computer memory, read-only memory, optoelectronic and / or electronic carrier signals, communication signals, and software distribution packages. Depending on the processing power required, the computer program may be executed in a single electronic digital computer or may be distributed among multiple computers. The computer readable medium or computer readable storage medium may be a non-transitory medium.

[0087] In other example embodiments, the functions may be performed by hardware or circuitry contained in a device (e.g., device 10 or device 20), such as by using an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or any other combination of hardware and software. In another example embodiment, the functions may be implemented as a signal, such a non-tangible component may be carried by an electromagnetic signal downloaded from the Internet or other network.

[0088] According to certain example embodiments, an apparatus such as a node, a device or a corresponding component may be configured as a circuit, a computer or a microprocessor, such as a single-chip computer element, or a chipset, including at least a memory for providing storage capacity for arithmetic operations and an operation processor for performing arithmetic operations.

[0089] It is readily understood by those skilled in the art that the disclosure discussed above may be implemented with processes in a different order and / or hardware elements in a configuration different from that disclosed. Therefore, although the disclosure has been described based on these example embodiments, certain modifications, variations, and alternative structures are apparent to those skilled in the art while remaining within the spirit and scope of the example embodiments. Although the above embodiments refer to 5GNR and LTE technologies, the above embodiments may also be applicable to any other current or future 3GPP technologies, such as LTE-advanced and / or fourth generation (4G) technologies.

Claims

1. A method comprising: sending one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities to the network element; receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns; as well as The one or more wake-up receiver capabilities are activated at the wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: One or more configuration options are received from the network element, the one or more configuration options identifying the one or more wake-up signal patterns based on the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Passive branching capability or active branching capability.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Active branching capability; as well as Passive branching capability.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the activated wake-up signal mode comprises: Passive timing wake-up signal; Active timing wake-up signal; or Mixed timing wake-up signal.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the passive opportunity wake-up signal, activating the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Passive radios using wake-up receivers, Wherein the passive radio harvests energy from the passive opportunistic wake-up signal and generates a binary signal.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the active opportunity wake-up signal, activating the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Use the active branch to wake up the receiver.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the mixed-opportunity wake-up signal, activating the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: A passive branch that wakes up the receiver is used while also buffering the mixed-occasion wake-up signal, which is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

9. A method comprising: receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user equipment; monitoring one or more states of the user equipment; activating a wake-up signal mode based on the monitoring of the one or more states of the user equipment; and The activated wake-up signal pattern is sent to the user equipment.

10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: In response to the indication, one or more configuration options identifying one or more wake-up signal patterns are sent to the user equipment.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the activated wake-up signal is sent to the user equipment via a radio access control or a media access control control element.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, The one or more states include: The external and internal status of the user equipment.

13. The method according to claim 12, The external conditions include: The rough location of the user equipment, or the network load near the user equipment, and The intrinsic state includes the battery level of the user device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the monitoring further comprises: The number of false positive or false negative wake-up decisions of the user equipment is recorded.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Passive branching capability or active branching capability.

16. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Active branching capability; as well as Passive branching capability.

17. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 16, wherein the activated wake-up signal mode comprises: Passive timing wake-up signal; Active timing wake-up signal; or Mixed timing wake-up signal.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the activated wake-up signal pattern is defined by: Expiration date, or A combination of the passive timing wake-up signal, the active timing wake-up signal, and the mixed timing wake-up signal.

19. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory including computer program code, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: sending one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities to the network element; receiving, from the network element, an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns; and The one or more wake-up receiver capabilities are activated at the wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: One or more configuration options identifying the one or more wake-up signal patterns are received from the network element based on the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities.

21. The apparatus of claim 19 or 20, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Passive branching capability or active branching capability.

22. The apparatus of any one of claims 19-21, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Active branching capability; as well as Passive branching capability.

23. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the activated wake-up signal mode comprises: Passive timing wake-up signal; Active timing wake-up signal; or Mixed timing wake-up signal.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the passive opportunity wake-up signal, activation of the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Passive radios using wake-up receivers, The passive radio harvests energy from the passive opportunity wake-up signal and generates a binary signal.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the active opportunity wake-up signal, activation of the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Use the active branch to wake up the receiver.

26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the mixed-opportunity wake-up signal, activation of the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: A passive branch that wakes up the receiver is used while also buffering the mixed-occasion wake-up signal, which is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

27. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory including computer program code, The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: receiving one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities from a user equipment; monitoring one or more states of the user equipment; activating a wake-up signal mode from the wake-up signal mode list based on monitoring the one or more states of the user equipment; as well as The activated wake-up signal pattern is sent to the user equipment.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: In response to the indication, one or more configuration options identifying one or more wake-up signal patterns are sent to the user equipment.

29. The apparatus according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the activated wake-up signal is sent to the user equipment via a radio access control or a media access control control element.

30. The device according to any one of claims 27 to 29, The one or more states include: The external state and the internal state of the user equipment.

31. The device according to claim 30, The external conditions include: The rough location of the user equipment, or the network load near the user equipment, and The internal state includes: the battery level of the user device.

32. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27-31, wherein the monitoring of external and internal states further comprises: The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: The number of false positive or false negative wake-up decisions made by the user equipment is recorded.

33. The apparatus of any one of claims 27-32, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Passive branching capability or active branching capability.

34. The apparatus of any one of claims 27-33, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Active branching capability; as well as Passive branching capability.

35. The apparatus according to any one of claims 27 to 34, wherein the activated wake-up signal mode comprises: Passive timing wake-up signal; Active timing wake-up signal; or Mixed timing wake-up signal.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the activated wake-up signal pattern is defined by: Expiration date, or A combination of the passive timing wake-up signal, the active timing wake-up signal, and the mixed timing wake-up signal.

37. An apparatus comprising: means for sending one or more indications of wake-up receiver capabilities to a network element; means for receiving from the network element an activated wake-up signal pattern selected from one or more wake-up signal patterns; as well as Means for activating the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities at the wake-up receiver based on the activated wake-up signal pattern.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, further comprising means for: One or more configuration options identifying one or more wake-up signal patterns are received from the network element based on the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities.

39. The apparatus of claim 37 or 38, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include passive branching capabilities or active branching capabilities.

40. The apparatus of any of claims 37-39, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Active branching capability; as well as Passive branching capability.

41. The apparatus of any one of claims 37-40, wherein the activated wake-up signal mode comprises: Passive timing wake-up signal; Active timing wake-up signal; or Mixed timing wake-up signal.

42. The apparatus of claim 41 , wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the passive opportunity wake-up signal, activation of the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Components for passive radios using wake-up receivers, The passive radio harvests energy from the passive opportunity wake-up signal and generates a binary signal.

43. The apparatus of claim 41 , wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the active opportunity wake-up signal, activation of the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Components for using the active branch of the wake-up receiver.

44. The apparatus of claim 41 , wherein when the activated wake-up signal pattern includes the mixed-opportunity wake-up signal, activation of the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities comprises: Means for using a passive branch to wake up a receiver while also buffering the mixed-opportunity wake-up signal, the mixed-opportunity wake-up signal being stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

45. An apparatus comprising: means for receiving one or more wake-up receiver capabilities from a user equipment; means for monitoring one or more states of said user equipment; means for activating a wake-up signal mode based on said monitoring of said one or more states of said user equipment; as well as Means for sending the activated wake-up signal pattern to the user equipment.

46. ​​The apparatus of claim 45, further comprising: Means for sending one or more configuration options identifying one or more wake-up signal patterns to the user equipment in response to the indication.

47. The apparatus according to claim 45 or 46, wherein the activated wake-up signal is sent to the user equipment via a radio access control or a media access control control element.

48. The device according to any one of claims 45 to 47, The one or more states include: The external state and the internal state of the user equipment.

49. The device according to claim 48, The external conditions include: the rough location, or network load in the vicinity of the user device, and The internal state includes: the battery level of the user device.

50. The apparatus according to any one of claims 45-49, wherein the monitoring of external and internal states further comprises: The number of false positive or false negative wake-up decisions of the user equipment is recorded.

51. The apparatus of any one of claims 45-50, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Passive branching capability or active branching capability.

52. The apparatus of any one of claims 45-51, wherein the one or more wake-up receiver capabilities include: Active branching capability; as well as Passive branching capability.

53. The apparatus of any one of claims 45-52, wherein the activated wake-up signal mode comprises: Passive timing wake-up signal; Active timing wake-up signal; or Mixed timing wake-up signal.

54. The apparatus of claim 53, wherein the activated wake-up signal pattern is defined by: Expiration date, or A combination of the passive timing wake-up signal, the active timing wake-up signal, and the mixed timing wake-up signal.

55. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for executing the method according to any one of claims 1-18.

56. An apparatus comprising circuitry configured to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of claims 1-18.

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