Transportation method for keeping adult sea cucumbers alive without water

Abstract

A transportation method for keeping adult sea cucumbers alive without water comprises the steps that caught adult sea cucumbers are placed in seawater with the taurine content being 30-90 mg / L to be temporarily cultured for 12-24 hours, aeration is continued during the period, and the temporarily cultured sea cucumbers are anesthetized and washed with a food-grade magnesium sulfate seawater solution or a food-grade magnesium chloride seawater solution; fully absorbing seawater with the taurine content of 0.1-0.3 g / L by using gauze, laying the gauze in a transportation bag, placing the sea cucumbers on the gauze, ensuring that the surfaces of the sea cucumbers are moist in the transportation process, extruding air in the transportation bag, filling oxygen, and sealing; and the sealed transportation bag is put into a foam box, ice blocks are put into the foam box at the same time, and then the foam box is sealed and transported. By means of the method, the survival time of adult sea cucumbers can be remarkably prolonged, the requirement for long-distance long-time transportation of the adult sea cucumbers is met, fresh and alive sea cucumbers with more comprehensive nutrition are provided for consumers in inland areas, meanwhile, the transportation cost is reduced, and the economic benefits of the sea cucumber culture industry are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aquatic product processing and transportation, and specifically to a method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water, aiming to solve the problem that fresh sea cucumbers are difficult to transport over long distances and for long periods of time, meet the consumption demand for fresh sea cucumbers in inland areas, and improve the economic benefits of the sea cucumber industry. Background Art

[0002] Apostichopus japonicus, commonly known as sea cucumber, is one of the most important economic species for marine aquaculture in northern my country. In recent years, with the rapid development of sea cucumber aquaculture, its production and aquaculture area have increased significantly. However, since sea cucumbers are very prone to autolysis when encountering adverse environmental stimuli such as low oxygen and high temperature, it is difficult to transport live sea cucumbers over long distances and for long periods of time, limiting the access of people in inland areas to fresh sea cucumbers.

[0003] At present, live sea cucumbers are usually processed through complex processes such as dissection, steaming, pickling and soaking to make sea cucumber products to prolong storage and transportation time, but these processes will lead to the loss of nutrients in sea cucumbers, affecting their nutritional value. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method that can achieve long-distance and long-term live transportation of fresh sea cucumbers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water, which can significantly extend the survival time of adult sea cucumbers, meet the needs of long-distance and long-term transportation, provide inland consumers with fresh sea cucumbers with more comprehensive nutrition, and at the same time reduce transportation costs and improve the economic benefits of the sea cucumber breeding industry.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: A method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive, the specific steps of which are as follows: (1) Temporary rearing of adults The captured adult sea cucumbers are placed in seawater with a taurine content of 30-90 mg / L for 12-24 hours with continuous aeration. The temporary stocking density is 100-500 heads / m 3 ; (2) Adult anesthesia The sea cucumbers after temporary culture are anesthetized with a food-grade magnesium sulfate seawater solution or a food-grade magnesium chloride seawater solution for 30 minutes, and then rinsed with seawater; (3) Oxygen filling and sealing Fully absorb the gauze with a taurine content of 0.1-0.3 g / L seawater and spread it flat in a transport bag. Then place 2-5 sea cucumbers on the gauze to ensure that the surface of the sea cucumbers is moist during transportation. Squeeze out the air in the transport bag, fill it with oxygen, and seal it; (4) Packing and transportation Place the sealed transport bag in a foam box, put ice cubes in the foam box, and then seal the foam box for transportation.

[0006] Furthermore, the weight of the adult sea cucumber is ≥25g / head.

[0007] Furthermore, the concentration of magnesium sulfate in the food-grade magnesium sulfate seawater solution is 3.6-9.6 g / L.

[0008] Furthermore, the concentration of magnesium chloride in the food-grade magnesium chloride seawater solution is 2.9-7.6 g / L.

[0009] Furthermore, in step (4), ice is added to maintain the transportation temperature at 4-10°C.

[0010] Furthermore, after the sea cucumber is anesthetized, the sea cucumber is rinsed with sea water for 20 seconds to remove the anesthetic remaining on the surface of the sea cucumber.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Prolonging survival time: The waterless survival transportation method provided by the present invention can significantly prolong the survival time of adult sea cucumbers to 6-10 days, meeting the needs of long-distance and long-term transportation.

[0012] (2) Improving nutritional value: Compared with the traditional processing method of sea cucumbers, the present invention retains the freshness of sea cucumbers, avoids the loss of nutrients, and improves the nutritional value of sea cucumbers.

[0013] (3) Reduce transportation costs: Waterless transportation reduces transportation weight, saves transportation costs, and improves the economic benefits of the sea cucumber farming industry.

[0014] (4) Meeting market demand: The present invention provides inland consumers with fresh sea cucumbers with more comprehensive nutrition, meeting their consumption demand for high-quality sea cucumbers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Example 1 (1) Temporary rearing of adults Prepare 4m seawater with taurine content of 30mg / L 3 2000 fresh sea cucumbers with an average weight of 25.00±1.25g were placed in the tank for 12 hours with continuous aeration and no feeding. The density was 500 / m 3 ; (2) Adult anesthesia 2000L of magnesium sulfate (food grade) anesthetic with a concentration of 3.6g / L was prepared using filtered seawater, and 1000 sea cucumbers were placed in the mixture for anesthesia for 30 minutes; after the sea cucumbers were anesthetized, they were rinsed with pure seawater for 20 seconds to remove the anesthetic residue on the surface of the sea cucumbers; (3) Oxygen filling and sealing Prepare 1000 mL of seawater with a taurine concentration of 0.1 g / L, and immerse the gauze in it to fully absorb it; select a transport bag with a specification of 20×25 cm, spread the gauze that has fully absorbed the seawater (taurine concentration of 0.1 g / L) in it, place 5 sea cucumbers on the surface of the gauze, squeeze out the air in the transport bag, fill it with enough oxygen, and then use a sealing machine to seal it; (4) Packaging and transportation The sealed transport bag was placed in a foam box, and ice was added to the foam box to maintain the transport temperature at 4-10°C. The foam box was sealed and transported. The experimental results showed that 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium sulfate died within 7 days, and all of them died within 10 days.

[0016] Example 2 (1) Temporary rearing of adults Prepare 4m seawater with taurine content of 30mg / L 3 2000 fresh sea cucumbers with an average weight of 25.00±1.25g were placed in the tank for 12 hours with continuous aeration and no feeding. The density was 500 / m 3 ; (2) Adult anesthesia 2000L of anesthetic agent with a magnesium chloride (food grade) concentration of 2.9g / L was prepared using filtered seawater, and 1000 sea cucumbers were placed in the anesthesia for 30 minutes; after the sea cucumbers were anesthetized, they were rinsed with pure seawater for 20 seconds to remove the anesthetic residue on the surface of the sea cucumbers; (3) Oxygen filling and sealing Re-prepare 1000 mL of seawater with a taurine concentration of 0.1 g / L, and immerse the gauze in it to fully absorb it; select a transport bag with a specification of 20×25 cm, lay the gauze that has fully absorbed the seawater (taurine concentration 0.1 g / L) flat, place 5 sea cucumbers on the surface of the gauze, squeeze out the air in the transport bag, fill it with enough oxygen, and then use a sealing machine to seal it; (4) Packaging and transportation The sealed transport bag was placed in a foam box, and ice cubes (the same amount as in Example 1) were added to the foam box to maintain the transport temperature at 4-10°C; the experimental results showed that 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium chloride died within 6 days, and all of them died within 8 days.

[0017] Comparative Example 1 The size of the sea cucumbers used in this comparative example is still 25.00±1.25g, and the number is 500. After the sea cucumbers are caught, they are not temporarily raised or anesthetized as adults. The gauze that has fully absorbed pure seawater and 5 sea cucumbers are directly put into a transport bag with a size of 20×25cm, and the air in the transport bag is squeezed out, and the bag is sealed with a sealing machine after being filled with sufficient oxygen. The sealed transport bag is placed in a foam box, and the same amount of ice cubes as in Example 1 are placed in the foam box, and the foam box is sealed and transported. After observation, 50% of the sea cucumbers in Comparative Example 1 died within 3 days, and all died within 5 days; compared with Examples 1 and 2, the death time of the sea cucumbers was greatly advanced.

[0018] Comparative Example 2 The specification of the sea cucumbers used in this comparative example is still 25.00±1.25g, the number is 500, and the temporary culture of adults is exactly the same as that in Example 1 and Example 2. However, no adult anesthesia is performed after the temporary culture. The gauze that has fully absorbed pure seawater and 5 sea cucumbers are directly put into a transport bag with a specification of 20×25cm and sealed; the sealed transport bag is placed in a foam box, and the same number of ice cubes as in Example 1 are placed in the foam box, and the foam box is sealed and transported; the experimental results show that the time of death of 50% of the sea cucumbers is 4 days, and the time of death of all the sea cucumbers is 6 days. Compared with Example 1 and Example 2, the death time of the sea cucumbers is also greatly advanced.

[0019] Comparative Example 3 The size of the sea cucumbers used in this comparative example is still 25.00±1.25g, and the number is 1000, which are evenly divided into two groups, A and B. The temporary raising and adult anesthesia process of the sea cucumbers in group A are exactly the same as those in Example 1; the temporary raising and adult anesthesia process of the sea cucumbers in group B are exactly the same as those in Example 2; After the two groups of adult sea cucumbers were anesthetized, the gauze that had fully absorbed pure seawater and 5 sea cucumbers were directly put into a transport bag with a specification of 20×25 cm, the air in the transport bag was squeezed out, and the bag was sealed using a sealing machine after being filled with sufficient oxygen; the sealed transport bag was placed in a foam box, and the same number of ice cubes as in Example 1 and Example 2 were placed in the foam box, and the foam box was sealed for transportation; after observation, it was found that in Comparative Example 3, 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium sulfate died within 6 days, and all of them died within 7 days. Compared with Example 1, the death time of the sea cucumbers was greatly advanced; in Comparative Example 3, 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium chloride died within 5 days, and all of them died within 7 days. Compared with Example 2, the death time of the sea cucumbers was greatly advanced.

[0020] Example 3 (1) Temporary rearing of adults Prepare 6m seawater with taurine content of 90mg / L 3600 fresh sea cucumbers with an average weight of 500±5.35g were placed in the tank for 24 hours with continuous aeration and no feeding. The density was 100 / m 3 ; (2) Adult anesthesia 2000L of anesthetic agent with a magnesium sulfate (food grade) concentration of 9.6g / L was prepared using filtered seawater, and 300 sea cucumbers were placed in the anesthesia for 30 minutes; after the sea cucumbers were anesthetized, they were rinsed with pure seawater for 20 seconds to remove the anesthetic residue on the surface of the sea cucumbers; (3) Oxygen filling and sealing Prepare 1000 mL of seawater with a taurine concentration of 0.3 g / L, and immerse the gauze in it to fully absorb it; select a transport bag with a specification of 20×25 cm, lay the gauze that has fully absorbed the seawater (taurine concentration 0.3 g / L) flat, place two sea cucumbers on the surface of the gauze, squeeze out the air in the transport bag, fill it with enough oxygen, and then use a sealing machine to seal it; (4) Packaging and transportation The sealed transport bag was placed in a foam box, and ice was added to the foam box to maintain the transport temperature at 4-10°C. The experimental results showed that 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium sulfate died within 6 days, and all of them died within 9 days.

[0021] Example 4 (1) Temporary rearing of adults Prepare 6m seawater with taurine content of 90mg / L 3 600 fresh sea cucumbers with an average weight of 500.00±5.35g were placed in the tank for 24 hours with continuous aeration and no feeding. The density was 100 / m 3 ; (2) Adult anesthesia 2000L of anesthetic agent with a magnesium chloride (food grade) concentration of 7.6g / L was prepared using filtered seawater, and 300 sea cucumbers were placed in the anesthesia for 30 minutes; after the sea cucumbers were anesthetized, they were rinsed with pure seawater for 2 minutes to remove the anesthetic residue on the surface of the sea cucumbers; (3) Oxygen filling and sealing Prepare 1000 mL of seawater with a taurine concentration of 0.3 g / L, and immerse the gauze in it to fully absorb it; select a transport bag with a specification of 20×25 cm, lay the gauze that has fully absorbed the seawater (taurine concentration 0.3 g / L) flat, place two sea cucumbers on the surface of the gauze, squeeze out the air in the transport bag, fill it with enough oxygen, and then use a sealing machine to seal it; (4) Packaging and transportation The sealed transport bag was placed in a foam box, and ice cubes were added to the foam box (the amount of ice cubes was the same as in Example 3) to maintain the transport temperature at 4-10°C; the experimental results showed that 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium chloride died within 6 days, and all of them died within 7 days.

[0022] Comparative Example 4 The specification of the sea cucumbers used in this comparative example is still 500±5.35g, and the number is 300. After the sea cucumbers are caught, the temporary rearing of the adults is exactly the same as in Example 2. After the temporary rearing, the adults are not anesthetized. The gauze that has fully absorbed pure seawater and the two sea cucumbers are directly put into a transport bag with a specification of 20×25cm, and the air in the transport bag is squeezed out. After the bag is filled with sufficient oxygen, it is sealed using a sealing machine; the sealed transport bag is placed in a foam box, and the same number of ice cubes as in Example 3 are placed in the foam box, and the foam box is sealed for transportation; after observation, 50% of the sea cucumbers in Comparative Example 5 died within 3 days, and all of them died within 4 days; compared with Examples 3 and 4, the death time of the sea cucumbers is greatly advanced.

[0023] Comparative Example 5 The specification of the sea cucumbers used in this comparative example is still 500±5.35g, and the number is 300. After the sea cucumbers are caught, the temporary rearing of the adults is exactly the same as in Example 2. After the temporary rearing, the adults are not anesthetized. The gauze that has fully absorbed pure seawater and the two sea cucumbers are directly put into a transport bag with a specification of 20×25cm, and the air in the transport bag is squeezed out. After the bag is filled with sufficient oxygen, it is sealed using a sealing machine; the sealed transport bag is placed in a foam box, and the same number of ice cubes as in Example 3 are placed in the foam box, and the foam box is sealed for transportation; after observation, 50% of the sea cucumbers in Comparative Example 5 died within 3 days, and all of them died within 4 days; compared with Examples 3 and 4, the death time of the sea cucumbers is greatly advanced.

[0024] Comparative Example 6 The size of the sea cucumbers used in this comparative example is still 500.00±5.35g, the number is 1000, and they are evenly divided into two groups, A and B. The temporary adult culture and adult anesthesia process of the sea cucumbers in group A are exactly the same as those in Example 3; the temporary adult culture and adult anesthesia process of the sea cucumbers in group B are exactly the same as those in Example 4; After the two groups of adult sea cucumbers were anesthetized, the gauze that had fully absorbed pure seawater and 5 sea cucumbers were directly put into a transport bag with a specification of 20×25 cm, the air in the transport bag was squeezed out, and the bag was sealed using a sealing machine after being filled with sufficient oxygen; the sealed transport bag was placed in a foam box, and the same number of ice cubes as in Example 3 were placed in the foam box, and the foam box was sealed for transportation; the experimental results showed that 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium sulfate died within 4 days, and all of them died within 6 days. Compared with Example 3, the death time of the sea cucumbers was greatly advanced; 50% of the sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium chloride died within 5 days, and all of them died within 6 days. Compared with Examples 3 and 4, the death time of the sea cucumbers was greatly advanced.

[0025] in conclusion: By comparing the embodiments with the comparative examples, it can be seen that comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 all use small-sized sea cucumbers (25.00 ± 1.25g) for experiments, wherein: comparative example 1: no temporary adult rearing and adult anesthesia, and no gauze soaked in taurine solution is used for transportation, and the survival time of the sea cucumber is 3-5 days. Comparative example 2: using seawater containing taurine for temporary adult rearing but no adult anesthesia, and no gauze soaked in taurine solution is used for transportation, the survival time of the sea cucumber is 4-6 days. Comparative example 3: using seawater containing taurine for temporary adult rearing, and using an anesthetic containing magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride for adult anesthesia, but not using gauze soaked in taurine solution for transportation. The survival time of sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium sulfate is 6-7 days. The survival time of sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium chloride is 5-7 days.

[0026] Comparative Examples 4, 5 and 6 all used large-sized sea cucumbers (500.00±5.35g) for experiments, among which: Comparative Example 4: No temporary adult rearing and adult anesthesia were performed, and no taurine solution was used to soak gauze for transportation, and the sea cucumbers survived for 2-3 days. Comparative Example 5: Seawater containing taurine was used for temporary adult rearing but no adult anesthesia was performed, and gauze soaked in taurine solution was not used for transportation, and the sea cucumbers survived for 3-4 days. Comparative Example 6: Seawater containing taurine was used for temporary adult rearing, and an anesthetic containing magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride was used for adult anesthesia, but gauze was not soaked in taurine solution. The experimental results show that the survival time of sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium sulfate is 4-6 days, and the survival time of sea cucumbers anesthetized with magnesium chloride is 5-6 days.

[0027] The above embodiments and comparative examples show that the water-free and alive transportation method for adult sea cucumbers provided by the present invention can significantly prolong the survival time of sea cucumbers and meet the long-distance and long-time transportation requirements, wherein the temporary adult care, adult anesthesia and oxygenation and sealing steps are most important for improving the survival rate of sea cucumbers. Therefore, the water-free and alive transportation method for adult sea cucumbers of the present invention has significant economic benefits and market prospects. It has significant technical effects and economic benefits, and is worthy of extensive promotion and application.

[0028] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: (1) Temporary rearing of adults The captured adult sea cucumbers are placed in seawater with a taurine content of 30-90 mg / L for 12-24 hours with continuous aeration. The temporary stocking density is 100-500 heads / m 3 ; (2) Adult anesthesia The temporarily raised sea cucumber is anesthetized with a food-grade magnesium sulfate seawater solution or a food-grade magnesium chloride seawater solution for 30 minutes, and after the sea cucumber is anesthetized, it is rinsed with seawater; (3) Oxygen filling and sealing Fully absorb the seawater with a taurine content of 0.1-0.3 g / L with gauze, and spread it flat in a transport bag, then place 2-5 sea cucumbers on the gauze to ensure that the surface of the sea cucumbers is moist during transportation, squeeze out the air in the transport bag, fill it with oxygen, and seal it; (4) Packaging and transportation Place the sealed transport bag in a foam box, put ice cubes in the foam box, and then seal the foam box for transportation.

2. The method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive according to claim 1, wherein: The weight of the adult sea cucumber is ≥25g / head.

3. The method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of magnesium sulfate in the food-grade magnesium sulfate seawater solution is 3.6-9.6 g / L.

4. The method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive according to claim 1, wherein: The concentration of magnesium chloride in the food-grade magnesium chloride seawater solution is 2.9-7.6 g / L.

5. The method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), ice cubes are added to keep the transportation temperature at 4-10°C.

6. The method for transporting adult sea cucumbers without water and keeping them alive according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the sea cucumber is anesthetized, rinse it with sea water for 20 seconds.