Oil-tea camellia nut shell-seed adhering separation machine

Abstract

The application discloses an oil-tea camellia fruit shell-seed sticky separation machine, which comprises a rack, a sorting roller installed on the rack and rotating at a low speed under the drive of a first power mechanism, a plurality of sticky strips wound on the circumference of the sorting roller in a spaced manner, a distribution plate arranged on one side of the sorting roller moving upward, a sorting space formed between the distribution plate and the side of the sorting roller, a discharge opening formed by a certain gap between the bottom of the distribution plate and the sorting roller for discharging tea seeds, a comb tooth arranged below the sorting roller on the side opposite to the distribution plate and used for combing the fruit shell on the sticky strip, wherein the teeth of the comb tooth are just corresponding to the gap between the adjacent sticky strips, and a feeding mechanism used for feeding the shell-seed mixture into the sorting space. The application can improve the shell-seed cleaning rate without damaging the tea seeds, and prolong the service life of the sticky strip.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural product processing machinery, and in particular to a camellia fruit shell and seed separation machine. Background Technology

[0002] Camellia oil contains a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and other substances beneficial to the human body, making it a highly nutritious edible vegetable oil. After the camellia fruit is harvested, the seeds are separated from the shells through processes such as sun-drying and shelling. The camellia seeds are the raw material for extracting camellia oil and need to be cleaned from the mixture of shells and seeds.

[0003] Current methods for cleaning camellia oleifera fruit shells and seeds mainly include toothed roller sorting, color sorting, and air separation. Toothed roller sorting relies on the squeezing action of the toothed tips on the roller surface, which can easily damage the seeds. Color sorting utilizes the color difference between the seeds and shells, such as in a tracked color sorter; however, the sorting mechanism of the color sorter, which uses airflow, can easily remove some seeds along with the shells. Air separation separates materials based on physical properties such as specific gravity; however, since some shells and seeds have similar weights, many shells and seeds are not effectively separated. In conclusion, the technology for cleaning camellia oleifera fruit shells and seeds needs further improvement.

[0004] To improve the cleaning rate of tea seeds and reduce breakage, existing technology discloses a tea seed and fruit sorting machine. This machine primarily utilizes the difference in surface roughness between tea seeds and their shells. Vibration force forces the shells from a linear vibrating screen onto a cloth, which then moves to the discharge end. A beating device then removes the shells from the cloth, achieving shell-seed cleaning. This sorting method provides good cleaning results without damaging the tea seeds. However, the beating head in this sorting machine frequently strikes the cloth, inevitably causing damage and affecting the adhesion effect, thus reducing the cleaning rate. The cloth must be replaced after a certain period of use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the problems of low cleaning rate and easy damage to the sticky cloth, this invention provides a camellia fruit shell and seed sticky separation machine and its usage method.

[0006] The present invention provides a camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separation machine with the following technical solution:

[0007] A camellia oleifera fruit shell and seed adhesion separation machine includes:

[0008] frame;

[0009] The sorting roller is mounted on the frame and rotates at low speed under the drive of the first power mechanism.

[0010] Adhesive strips, several adhesive strips are wound alternately around the circumference of the sorting drum;

[0011] The material distribution plate is set on the side of the sorting drum that moves upward, forming a sorting space between the material distribution plate and the side of the sorting drum. A certain gap is reserved between the bottom of the material distribution plate and the sorting drum to form a discharge port for tea seeds to be discharged.

[0012] A comb, positioned below the sorting roller on the side opposite to the fabric plate, is used to comb off the fruit shells from the adhesive strips. The teeth of the comb correspond precisely to the gaps between adjacent adhesive strips.

[0013] The feeding mechanism is used to feed the shell and seed mixture into the sorting space.

[0014] Furthermore, the sorting roller is provided with several annular grooves in its circumference, and the adhesive strip is detachably installed in the annular grooves.

[0015] Furthermore, the sorting roller is a hollow roller to reduce weight.

[0016] Furthermore, the fabric plate is an arc-shaped plate with its bottom bent toward the sorting cylinder. The arc-shaped plate has end plates at both ends along the axial direction of the sorting cylinder, so that a sorting space with a larger top and a smaller bottom is formed between the fabric plate and the side of the sorting cylinder. The gap between the bottom of the arc-shaped plate and the side of the sorting cylinder allows tea seeds to leak out.

[0017] Furthermore, the top two ends of the arc-shaped plate are mounted on the frame via a first rotating shaft. The arc-shaped plate is driven by a swing mechanism to rotate back and forth around the first rotating shaft, changing the gap between the arc-shaped plate and the sorting drum, thereby causing the shell and seed mixture to be patted and squeezed against the side of the sorting drum.

[0018] Furthermore, the swing mechanism includes an annular tooth at the end of the sorting drum and a deflecting pin on the end plate. The deflecting pin and the annular tooth abut against each other. During the rotation of the sorting drum, the annular tooth intermittently deflects the deflecting pin, causing the arc plate to swing back and forth around the first rotating shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, by selecting the tooth shape of the annular teeth, the gap between the lower end of the arc plate and the side of the sorting roller varies between 3mm and 25mm when the arc plate swings back and forth around the first rotating shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the bottom of the arc-shaped plate is inclined, so that the bottom of the sorting space is a chute-type slide. The outlet of the feeding mechanism is located above the high point of the bottom of the arc-shaped plate, and a discharge port for tea seeds is provided at the low point of the bottom of the arc-shaped plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the comb teeth are mounted on the frame via a second rotating shaft and driven to rotate by a second power mechanism, and the rotational speed of the comb teeth is greater than the rotational speed of the sorting roller.

[0022] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper, a feeding chute, and a vibration mechanism. The hopper is used to hold the shell and seed mixture to be sorted. The feeding chute is located below the hopper. The upper end of the feeding chute is mounted on the frame via a third rotating shaft, and the lower end is suspended on the frame via an elastic element. The discharge port at the lower end of the feeding chute is located above the sorting space. The vibration mechanism is mounted on the feeding chute and is used to vibrate the feeding chute to feed the material.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a tea seed collection hopper and a fruit shell collection hopper, wherein the tea seed collection hopper is located below the discharge port of the sorting space, and the fruit shell collection hopper is located below the comb teeth.

[0024] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. This invention is mainly used for cleaning the shells and seeds of camellia fruit after dehulling. It provides a camellia fruit shell and seed separation machine with high cleaning rate, high efficiency, low cost and long service life. Through cyclic operation, the cleaning rate can reach more than 99%.

[0026] 2. A rapidly rotating sorting drum improves the sorting efficiency of camellia fruit shells and seeds; a special material with a hairy adhesive cloth is used to adhere to the fruit shells, avoiding damage to the seeds during cleaning; a design is made of adhesive strips and comb teeth arranged at intervals on the sorting drum, which do not contact the adhesive strips during the sorting process, reducing the frequency of adhesive strip replacement; this patent has a wide range of applications for pre-processing of camellia fruit, such as hot air drying and sun-drying. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of the sorting roller of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 AA section diagram;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of the fabric panel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 AA section diagram;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a front view of the fabric plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a side view of the comb teeth structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is the present invention.Figure 6 AA section view.

[0035] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Sorting roller; 3. Fabric plate; 4. Comb teeth; 5. Arc plate; 6. End plate; 7. First rotating shaft; 8. Annular tooth; 9. Actuating pin; 10. Discharge port; 11. Second rotating shaft; 12. First motor; 13. Second motor; 14. Hopper; 15. Feed chute; 16. Third rotating shaft; 17. Spring; 18. Third motor; 19. Tea seed collection hopper; 20. Fruit shell collection hopper; 21. Steel wire; 22. Annular groove; 23. Adhesive strip; 24. Rubber tube; 25. Hook; 26. Chute-type slide; 27. Partition plate; 28. Adhesive cloth. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This invention discloses a camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separation machine. (Refer to...) Figures 1-8 The camellia seed shell and husk separator includes a frame 1, a sorting drum 2, sticking strips 23, a cloth plate 3, comb teeth 4, and a feeding mechanism. The sorting drum 2 is mounted on the frame 1 and rotates at low speed under the drive of a first power mechanism, which is a first motor 12. Several sticking strips 23 are wound around the circumference of the sorting drum 2 at intervals. The cloth plate 3 is set on the side of the sorting drum 2 that moves upward, forming a sorting space between the cloth plate 3 and the side of the sorting drum 2. A certain gap is reserved between the bottom of the cloth plate 3 and the sorting drum 2 to form a discharge port for the camellia seeds. The comb teeth 4 are set below the sorting drum 2 on the side opposite to the cloth plate 3 and are used to comb off the shells stuck on the sticking strips 23. The teeth of the comb teeth 4 correspond exactly to the gaps of the adjacent sticking strips 23. The feeding mechanism is used to feed the shell and seed mixture into the sorting space.

[0039] Since the spacing between adjacent adhesive strips 23 is smaller than the maximum size of the fruit shells to be sorted, the comb teeth 4 can comb through the gap between adjacent adhesive strips 23 to remove the fruit shells. Because the comb teeth 4 do not contact the adhesive strips 23, they will not cause damage to the adhesive strips 23, thus improving their service life. By forming a sorting space between the sides of the cloth plate 3 and the sorting roller 2, the sorting efficiency of camellia fruit shells and seeds is improved, and damage to the tea seeds during the cleaning process is avoided.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3The sorting roller 2 has several annular grooves 22 around its circumference, and the adhesive strip 23 is detachably installed in the annular grooves 22. The adhesive strip 23 includes a rubber tube 24 and an adhesive cloth 28 covering the rubber tube 24. The rubber tube 24 is provided with hooks 25, and the ends of the rubber tube 24 are connected by the hooks 25.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The sorting roller 2 is a hollow roller to reduce weight, which helps to reduce equipment costs.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The cloth plate 3 is an arc-shaped plate 5 with its bottom facing the sorting roller. The arc-shaped plate 5 has end plates 6 at both ends along the axial direction of the sorting roller 2, so that a sorting space with a larger top and a smaller bottom is formed between the cloth plate 3 and the side of the sorting roller 2. The gap between the bottom of the arc-shaped plate 5 and the side of the sorting roller 2 allows tea seeds to leak out.

[0043] Furthermore, the top two ends of the arc plate 5 are mounted on the frame 1 via the first rotating shaft 7. The arc plate 5 is driven by the swing mechanism to rotate back and forth around the first rotating shaft 7, changing the gap between the arc plate 5 and the sorting roller 2, so that the shell and seed mixture is patted and squeezed on the side of the sorting roller 2.

[0044] Furthermore, the swing mechanism includes an annular tooth 8 located at the end of the sorting roller 2 and a lever pin 9 located on the end plate 6. In this embodiment, the annular tooth 8 is a disc cam, and the lever pin 9 abuts against the annular tooth 8. During the rotation of the sorting roller 2, the annular tooth 8 intermittently actuates the lever pin 9, causing the arc plate 5 to swing back and forth around the first rotating shaft 7.

[0045] Furthermore, by selecting the tooth shape of the annular teeth 8, when the arc plate 5 swings back and forth around the first rotating shaft 7, the gap between the lower end of the arc plate 5 and the side of the sorting roller 2 varies between 3mm and 25mm. Different tooth shapes of the annular teeth 8 can be selected according to different sizes of shell and seed mixtures, which helps to improve sorting efficiency.

[0046] Furthermore, the bottom of the arc plate 5 is inclined, so that the bottom of the sorting space is a chute-type slide 26, the outlet of the feeding mechanism is located above the high point of the bottom of the arc plate 5, and a discharge port 10 for tea seeds is provided at the low point of the bottom of the arc plate 5.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6The end plate 6 is recessed inwards towards the sorting roller 2, which helps the feeding plate 3 to swing continuously. The arc plate 5 has a concave arc surface, which helps to reduce the gap between the bottom of the arc plate 5 and the sorting roller 2, and also helps the shell and seed mixture to contact the sorting roller 2 better. A partition plate 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding plate 3 away from the sorting roller 2. The partition plate 27 is the same length as the axis of the sorting roller 2. The partition plate 27 helps to prevent the shell and seed mixture from falling directly into the tea seed receiving hopper 19 without passing through the sorting space for cleaning.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The comb teeth 4 are mounted on the frame 1 via the second rotating shaft 11 and are driven to rotate by the second power mechanism, which is the second motor 13. The rotation speed of the comb teeth 4 is greater than that of the sorting drum 2, which helps to comb off the fruit shells on the adhesive strips 23. Multiple teeth of the comb teeth 4 have holes for steel wires 21 to pass through, and the steel wires 21 are connected to form a whole, which helps to improve the efficiency of combing off the fruit shells.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 The feeding mechanism includes a hopper 14, a feeding chute 15, and a vibration mechanism. The hopper 14 holds the shell-seed mixture to be sorted. The feeding chute 15 is located below the hopper 14. The upper end of the feeding chute 15 is mounted on the frame via a third rotating shaft 16, and the lower end is suspended from the frame by an elastic element, which is a spring 17. The discharge port at the lower end of the feeding chute 15 is located above the sorting space. The vibration mechanism, a third motor, is mounted on the feeding chute 15 and is used to vibrate and feed the material. The feeding chute 15 is inclined, which facilitates the transport of the shell-seed mixture. The spring 17 helps control the vibration deformation range of the feeding chute 15.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 It also includes a tea seed collection hopper 19 and a fruit shell collection hopper 20. The tea seed collection hopper 19 is located below the discharge port of the sorting space, and the fruit shell collection hopper 20 is located below the comb teeth 4.

[0051] The present invention provides a method for using a camellia fruit shell and seed separation machine, which employs the following technical solution, as described below. Figures 1-8 ,include:

[0052] Step 1: The shell and seed mixture is fed into the feeding mechanism. As the feeding mechanism vibrates, the shell and seed mixture falls into the sorting space.

[0053] Step 2: The annular tooth 8 at the end of the sorting roller 2 intermittently moves the actuating pin 9, causing the arc plate 5 to swing back and forth around the first rotating shaft 7. This causes the shell and seed mixture to be patted and squeezed against the side of the sorting roller 2. The shells adhere to the adhesive strip 23 and move away as the sorting roller 2 rotates. The tea seeds have a smooth surface and are not attached to the adhesive strip 23. They fall into the tea seed collection hopper 19 through the gap between the bottom discharge port 10 of the arc plate 5 and the side of the sorting roller 2.

[0054] Step 3: When the fruit shells rotate with the sorting roller 2 to the comb 4 directly below, the teeth on the comb 4 rotate, combing off the fruit shells adhering to the adhesive strip 23 and dropping them into the fruit shell collection hopper 20, thus completing the cleaning of the fruit shells and tea seeds.

[0055] This invention improves the sorting efficiency of camellia fruit shells and seeds by using a rapidly rotating sorting drum; it uses a special material with a hairy adhesive cloth to adhere to the fruit shells, avoiding damage to the tea seeds during the cleaning process; and it designs a structure in which the adhesive strips and comb teeth are arranged at intervals on the sorting drum, so that they do not come into contact with the adhesive strips during the sorting process, reducing the frequency of adhesive strip replacement.

[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separation machine, characterized in that, include: frame; The sorting roller is mounted on the frame and rotates at low speed under the drive of the first power mechanism. Adhesive strips, several adhesive strips are wound alternately around the circumference of the sorting drum; The material distribution plate is set on the side of the sorting drum that moves upward, forming a sorting space between the material distribution plate and the side of the sorting drum. A certain gap is reserved between the bottom of the material distribution plate and the sorting drum to form a discharge port for tea seeds to be discharged. A comb, positioned below the sorting roller on the side opposite to the fabric plate, is used to comb off the fruit shells from the adhesive strips. The teeth of the comb correspond precisely to the gaps between adjacent adhesive strips. The feeding mechanism is used to feed the shell and seed mixture into the sorting space.

2. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting roller is provided with several annular grooves around its circumference, and the adhesive strip is detachably installed in the annular grooves.

3. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fabric plate is an arc-shaped plate with its bottom bent toward the sorting drum. The arc-shaped plate has end plates at both ends along the axial direction of the sorting drum, so that a sorting space with a larger top and a smaller bottom is formed between the fabric plate and the side of the sorting drum. The gap between the bottom of the arc-shaped plate and the side of the sorting drum allows tea seeds to leak out.

4. The camellia fruit shell and seed separation machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top two ends of the arc-shaped plate are mounted on the frame via the first rotating shaft. The arc-shaped plate is driven by a swing mechanism to rotate back and forth around the first rotating shaft, changing the gap between the arc-shaped plate and the sorting drum, thereby causing the shell and seed mixture to be patted and squeezed against the side of the sorting drum.

5. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swing mechanism includes an annular tooth at the end of the sorting drum and a deflecting pin on the end plate. The deflecting pin and the annular tooth abut against each other. During the rotation of the sorting drum, the annular tooth intermittently deflects the deflecting pin, causing the arc plate to swing back and forth around the first rotating shaft.

6. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: By selecting the tooth shape of the ring teeth, the gap between the lower end of the arc plate and the side of the sorting roller varies between 3mm and 25mm when the arc plate swings back and forth around the first rotating shaft.

7. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the arc-shaped plate is inclined, so that the bottom of the sorting space is a chute-type slide. The outlet of the feeding mechanism is located above the high point of the bottom of the arc-shaped plate, and a discharge port for tea seeds is provided at the low point of the bottom of the arc-shaped plate.

8. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comb teeth are mounted on the frame via a second rotating shaft and driven to rotate by a second power mechanism. The rotational speed of the comb teeth is greater than that of the sorting drum.

9. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a hopper, a feeding chute, and a vibration mechanism. The hopper is used to hold the shell and seed mixture to be sorted. The feeding chute is located below the hopper. The upper end of the feeding chute is mounted on the frame via a third rotating shaft, and the lower end is suspended on the frame via an elastic element. The discharge port at the lower end of the feeding chute is located above the sorting space. The vibration mechanism is mounted on the feeding chute and is used to vibrate the feeding chute to feed the material.

10. The camellia fruit shell and seed adhesion separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tea seed collection hopper and a fruit shell collection hopper. The tea seed collection hopper is located below the discharge port of the sorting space, and the fruit shell collection hopper is located below the comb teeth.

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