Prefabricated part automatic positioning method and device based on BIM and Internet of Things technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a prefabricated part automatic positioning method and device based on BIM and the Internet of Things technology. The method comprises the following steps that a prefabricated part production information base is established based on RFID tags; reading RFID tag information in batches and updating prefabricated part entering information when the prefabricated parts enter the site; construction information of the prefabricated part is obtained on the construction site; matching the prefabricated part information acquired in real time with the BIM model; and matching and fusing the single object indexes and spatial information of the prefabricated parts in the BIM scene by using the obtained information of the prefabricated parts, and establishing a spatial bidirectional index model of the actual spatial position of the construction site and the BIM model to realize automatic positioning of the prefabricated parts. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of realizing automatic positioning of the prefabricated part based on various acquired information, being accurate in positioning and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of prefabricated component positioning, and in particular to a prefabricated component automatic positioning method and equipment based on BIM and Internet of Things technology. Background Art

[0002] Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an engineering data model that integrates civil engineering design and construction, and can integrate various entity and function-related information. It gives attribute information to buildings or building components, and by associating this information, it provides a virtual reality model to solve the problems of missing engineering information and non-intuitive display. BIM can also solve the consistency and global sharing problems between distributed and heterogeneous engineering data, support dynamic engineering information management throughout the life cycle of the building, and cover information on component materials, mechanical properties, construction resources, and other aspects. However, since traditional information collection methods make it difficult to obtain various information about construction objects in real time, the information of the BIM model is not updated in a timely manner, and it is impossible to effectively link data with on-site construction objects. The use of new information collection technologies to obtain data in real time and update it in BIM can be used to realize the positioning and identification of on-site construction objects.

[0003] The information collection technology of the Internet of Things can connect the management object with its location information, automatically and in real time identify, locate, track, monitor components and trigger corresponding events. However, as the Internet of Things is in a period of rapid development, many new technologies are constantly being introduced into the construction field to improve the efficiency of the entire construction supply chain and the overall quality of the construction object. In the specific implementation, there is a possibility of misuse of the complex technologies, which greatly reduces the efficiency of use. There is an urgent need for a method that can reasonably select the information collection technology of the Internet of Things and is widely applicable.

[0004] How to achieve automatic positioning of prefabricated components during the construction process and after construction is completed has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a prefabricated component automatic positioning method and equipment based on BIM and Internet of Things technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Establishing a prefabricated component production information database based on RFID tags;

[0009] Step S2: when the prefabricated components arrive at the site, batch read the RFID tag information and update the arrival information of the prefabricated components;

[0010] Step S3: Obtaining construction information of prefabricated components at the construction site;

[0011] Step S4: matching the prefabricated component information obtained in real time in step S3 with the BIM model;

[0012] Step S5: Using the prefabricated component information obtained in step S3, the prefabricated component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene are matched and integrated to establish a spatial bidirectional index model of the actual spatial position of the construction site and the BIM model, thereby realizing automatic positioning of the prefabricated components.

[0013] Preferably, the establishment of a prefabricated component production information database based on RFID tags includes:

[0014] Step S11, embedding an RFID chip during the production of prefabricated components, assigning a unique ID, and the tag ID corresponds to the component information one by one;

[0015] Step S12: When the prefabricated component leaves the factory, the identity ID of the prefabricated component is associated with its production information to establish a prefabricated component production information database.

[0016] Preferably, the batch reading of RFID tag information and updating of prefabricated component entry information is specifically: when the prefabricated components arrive at the construction site, an RFID chip reading device is set at the entrance of the entry channel to batch obtain the information of the prefabricated components entering the site, and update the prefabricated component entry information.

[0017] Preferably, the construction information of the prefabricated component includes prefabricated component identity information, prefabricated component construction location information, and prefabricated component construction condition information.

[0018] More preferably, the obtaining of the construction information of the prefabricated components includes:

[0019] Match the spatial coordinate system of the construction site and the BIM model scene, so that the position of the actual single construction object corresponds to the spatial position of the prefabricated components in the BIM model;

[0020] By installing an RFID chip reading device on the lifting equipment, the identity information of the prefabricated components during lifting can be obtained.

[0021] More preferably, the process of obtaining the construction information of the prefabricated components also includes: installing a positioning device on the lifting equipment, and then combining the outdoor Beidou positioning and indoor WIFI location fingerprint technology to obtain the lifting position information of the current prefabricated components in real time.

[0022] More preferably, the process of obtaining the construction information of prefabricated components also includes: setting up a shooting device at the construction site, matching its shooting image range with the BIM model scene, regularly collecting construction site images to identify construction objects, obtaining on-site construction condition information, and matching and proofreading it with the BIM model objects to obtain progress information of prefabricated components and construction objects.

[0023] Preferably, matching the prefabricated component information acquired in real time in step S3 with the BIM model includes:

[0024] Step S41, the prefabricated component information obtained at the construction site is transmitted to the system server in real time through the 4G or 5G network for storage and management;

[0025] Step S42, retrieve the corresponding single component by the type of the prefabricated component object, and select the corresponding BIM node model in combination with the given spatial position information, and associate the construction object with the BIM model.

[0026] More preferably, step S5 also includes matching and integrating the prefabricated component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene to achieve bidirectional management indexing of construction information and BIM model, and automatic positioning of prefabricated components in the life cycle after the construction object.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the method described above is implemented when the processor executes the program.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1) The present invention acquires various information of prefabricated components in real time by integrating multiple Internet of Things information collection technologies, so that the construction site information is synchronized with the BIM model, avoiding the problems of untimely information update and error accumulation, and realizing accurate synchronization of real-time information and data management; establishing a spatial bidirectional index model of the actual spatial position of the construction site and the BIM model, and then matching and integrating the component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene to realize bidirectional management index of construction information and BIM model, thereby realizing automatic positioning of prefabricated components during the construction process and after the construction is completed, which can quickly locate the prefabricated components, while ensuring the accuracy of component positioning, and ensuring the accuracy and consistency of construction.

[0030] 2) The present invention systematically uses various IoT information collection technologies and efficiently manages data streams from different IoT information collection technologies, which can provide a more comprehensive and accurate information basis, improve the credibility and reliability of information collection, and also provide a solid foundation for subsequent data analysis and decision-making, thereby optimizing the operating efficiency of the overall system.

[0031] 3) The present invention can understand the real-time changes of the construction site through the association of the BIM model and prefabricated components, thereby improving the accuracy of safety assessment and the effectiveness of related treatment measures, and can perform paperless construction measurement and real-time inspection of construction quality, reducing the degree of manual intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technologies in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to solve the accuracy and real-time performance of automatic positioning of prefabricated components at the construction site, the present invention designs a systematic information collection method: comprehensively using a variety of Internet of Things information collection technologies such as RFID, outdoor Beidou positioning, indoor WIFI location fingerprint technology and image recognition, and introducing intelligent algorithms to improve collection performance. In terms of RFID, a clustering algorithm is used to schedule reading time, adjust reading power and optimize antenna position. Based on outdoor Beidou positioning, indoor WIFI location fingerprint technology and image acquisition technology, a particle filter algorithm is used to integrate location and working condition information from different sources, and through weighted fusion, feature matching and spatiotemporal modeling and other technologies, the accuracy and real-time performance of positioning are effectively improved. The present invention also designs a spatial bidirectional index model method: using 4G or 5G technology to transmit the collected prefabricated component information in real time, construct a spatial relationship mapping, and optimize the data structure to achieve the improvement of storage and retrieval mechanism, so as to realize the bidirectional connection between BIM data and real-time data at the construction site.

[0035] This embodiment relates to a method for automatically positioning prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology, the method comprising the following steps: Figure 1 :

[0036] Step S1: embed RFID chips in the production of prefabricated components to uniquely identify the prefabricated components. When the prefabricated components leave the factory, the identity ID of the prefabricated components is associated with their production information to establish a component production information library.

[0037] Step S2: By setting up an RFID chip reading device at the entrance of the entry channel, the prefabricated component entry information is obtained in batches and the prefabricated component entry information is updated.

[0038] Step S3: Obtain the construction information of prefabricated components, including the identity information of prefabricated components identified by the lifting equipment, the construction location information of prefabricated components obtained based on the positioning technology and data fusion method in the spatial coordinate system matching the construction site and the BIM model scene, and the construction condition information obtained based on the construction information acquisition technology of image acquisition.

[0039] Step S4: BIM model information matching: the prefabricated component information transmitted in real time via 4G / 5G technology is correlated with the BIM model.

[0040] Step S5: Establish a spatial bidirectional index model between the actual spatial position of the construction site and the BIM model, and use the prefabricated component identity information, construction location information and construction condition information obtained by various collection methods in step S3 to match and fuse the component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene, so as to accurately obtain the corresponding relationship between the actual construction objects on site and the BIM model nodes, realize the automatic positioning of prefabricated components and the bidirectional management index of construction information and BIM models.

[0041] In step S1, the process of marking the prefabricated components includes:

[0042] Step S11, embedding an RFID chip during the production of prefabricated components, assigning a unique identity ID, and the tag ID corresponds to the component information one by one.

[0043] Step S12: When a prefabricated component leaves the factory, the component's identity ID is associated with its production information to establish a prefabricated component production information database.

[0044] In step S2, the identification of prefabricated component entry is specifically as follows: when the prefabricated components arrive at the construction site, an RFID chip reading device is set at the entrance of the entry passage to batch obtain the information of the prefabricated components entering the site and update the prefabricated component entry information.

[0045] In step S3, obtaining the construction information of the prefabricated components includes:

[0046] Step S31, matching the spatial coordinate system of the construction site and the BIM model scene, so that the position of the actual single construction object corresponds to the spatial position of the BIM model component.

[0047] Step S32, by installing an RFID chip reading device on the prefabricated component lifting equipment, the identity information of the prefabricated component during lifting is obtained.

[0048] Step S33, installing a positioning device on the hoisting equipment, and then combining the outdoor Beidou positioning and indoor WIFI location fingerprint technology to obtain the hoisting position information of the current prefabricated component in real time.

[0049] Step S34, set up a shooting device at the construction site and calibrate its shooting range, match its shooting image range with the BIM model scene, regularly collect construction site images, identify construction objects based on artificial intelligence image recognition algorithms, obtain on-site construction condition information, and match and proofread it with the BIM model objects to determine the progress information of construction objects such as prefabricated components and on-site casting.

[0050] In step S4, the process of BIM model information matching includes:

[0051] Step S41: The prefabricated component RFID tag information, spatial positioning data, and image acquisition data obtained at the construction site are transmitted to the system server in real time through 4G / 5G technology for storage and management.

[0052] Step S42: Retrieve the corresponding monomer component by the type of the prefabricated component object, and select the corresponding BIM node model in combination with the given spatial position information, and associate the construction object with the BIM model.

[0053] Step S5: Establish a bidirectional index model between the construction information of prefabricated components and BIM model objects, and use the construction information of prefabricated components obtained by various collection methods to match and fuse based on the component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene, so as to accurately obtain the correspondence between the actual construction objects on site and the BIM model nodes, realize the bidirectional management index of construction information and BIM model, and then realize the automatic positioning of prefabricated components in the life cycle after the construction is completed.

[0054] The electronic device of the present invention includes a central processing unit (CPU), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to computer program instructions stored in a read-only memory (ROM) or loaded from a storage unit into a random access memory (RAM). In the RAM, various programs and data required for device operation can also be stored. The CPU, ROM and RAM are connected to each other via a bus. An input / output (I / O) interface is also connected to the bus.

[0055] Multiple components in the device are connected to the I / O interface, including: input units, such as keyboards, mice, etc.; output units, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage units, such as disks, optical disks, etc.; and communication units, such as network cards, modems, wireless communication transceivers, etc. The communication unit allows the device to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0056] The processing unit performs the various methods and processes described above, such as methods S1 to S5. For example, in some embodiments, methods S1 to S5 may be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the device via a ROM and / or a communication unit. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM and executed by the CPU, one or more steps of methods S1 to S5 described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the CPU may be configured to execute methods S1 to S5 in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0057] The functions described above herein may be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and the like.

[0058] The program code for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, enables the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine as a stand-alone software package and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0059] In the context of the present invention, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0060] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Establishing a prefabricated component production information database based on RFID tags; Step S2: when the prefabricated components arrive at the site, batch read the RFID tag information and update the arrival information of the prefabricated components; Step S3: Obtaining construction information of prefabricated components at the construction site; Step S4: matching the prefabricated component information obtained in real time in step S3 with the BIM model; Step S5: Using the prefabricated component information obtained in step S3, the prefabricated component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene are matched and integrated to establish a spatial bidirectional index model of the actual spatial position of the construction site and the BIM model, thereby realizing automatic positioning of the prefabricated components.

2. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of establishing a prefabricated component production information database based on RFID tags includes: Step S11, embedding an RFID chip during the production of prefabricated components, assigning a unique ID, and the tag ID corresponds to the component information one by one; Step S12: When the prefabricated component leaves the factory, the identity ID of the prefabricated component is associated with its production information to establish a prefabricated component production information database.

3. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The batch reading of RFID tag information and updating of prefabricated component entry information is specifically as follows: when the prefabricated components arrive at the construction site, an RFID chip reading device is set at the entrance of the entry channel to batch obtain the information of the prefabricated components entering the site, and update the prefabricated component entry information.

4. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction information of the prefabricated component includes the identity information of the prefabricated component, the construction location information of the prefabricated component, and the construction condition information of the prefabricated component.

5. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The obtaining of the construction information of the prefabricated components includes: Match the spatial coordinate system of the construction site and the BIM model scene, so that the position of the actual single construction object corresponds to the spatial position of the prefabricated components in the BIM model; By installing an RFID chip reading device on the lifting equipment, the identity information of the prefabricated components during lifting can be obtained.

6. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The process of obtaining the construction information of the prefabricated components also includes: installing a positioning device on the hoisting equipment, and then combining the outdoor Beidou positioning and the indoor WIFI location fingerprint technology to obtain the hoisting position information of the current prefabricated components in real time.

7. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The process of obtaining the construction information of prefabricated components also includes: setting up a shooting device at the construction site, matching its shooting image range with the BIM model scene, regularly collecting construction site images to identify construction objects, obtaining on-site construction condition information, and matching and proofreading it with the BIM model objects to obtain progress information of prefabricated components and construction objects.

8. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The matching of the prefabricated component information acquired in real time in step S3 with the BIM model includes: Step S41, the prefabricated component information obtained at the construction site is transmitted to the system server in real time through the 4G or 5G network for storage and management; Step S42, retrieve the corresponding single component by the type of the prefabricated component object, and select the corresponding BIM node model in combination with the given spatial position information, and associate the construction object with the BIM model.

9. The method for automatic positioning of prefabricated components based on BIM and Internet of Things technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S5 also includes matching and integrating the prefabricated component monomer object index and spatial information in the BIM scene to achieve bidirectional management indexing of construction information and BIM models, as well as automatic positioning of prefabricated components after construction is completed.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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