Downlink communication method and apparatus for spatial division and mode division multiplexing, electronic device, and medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication and artificial intelligence, and particularly relates to a downlink communication method and device for spatial division and mode division multiplexing in a smart network communication scenario, an electronic device and a medium. The specific implementation scheme is as follows: a plurality of user terminals are paired according to the demand types of the user terminals, and common information and characteristic information between the plurality of user terminals are determined; a base station adjusts a beam coverage range according to position information of a first type of user terminal, so that a same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first type of user terminals, and the base station transmits the common information to the first type of user terminals; the base station adjusts the beam coverage range, so that a separate beam emitted by the base station can cover a corresponding second type of user terminal, and the base station transmits characteristic information to the second type of user terminal. The beam coverage range is adjusted according to different user position information, and the characteristic semantic information of multiple users is transmitted at the same time, thereby saving communication cost, improving communication efficiency and communication quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication and artificial intelligence, in particular to a downlink communication method and device for spatial division and mode division multiplexing in a smart network communication scenario, an electronic device and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the advent and development of semantic communication, the data volume of traditional communication has been greatly compressed. Semantic communication mainly integrates user needs and information meaning into the communication process. Semantic communication can filter out useless, irrelevant and non-essential information by extracting the meaning of data, thereby further compressing data while preserving semantics and processing data in the semantic domain.

[0003] In the existing semantic communication method, especially when the base station transmits information to multiple users, the information required by multiple users may have overlapping parts. If the base station transmits the same information to multiple users through different time domain, frequency domain or spatial domain resources, it will cause waste of communication resources. Therefore, there is a need for a communication method that further improves the utilization of communication resources based on semantic communication. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a downlink communication method and device for spatial division and mode division multiplexing in a smart network communication scenario, an electronic device and a medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a downlink communication method for spatial division and mode division multiplexing is provided, which is applied to a scenario where a base station transmits information to multiple user terminals simultaneously, and characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] According to the demand type of each user terminal, the multiple user terminals are paired: the common information and the characteristic information between the multiple user terminals are determined, and the user terminals requiring the common information are determined as first-type user terminals, and the user terminals requiring the characteristic information are determined as second-type user terminals;

[0007] The base station determines the position information of each user terminal;

[0008] The base station adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the first-type user terminals, so that the same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first-type user terminals;

[0009] The base station sends the common information to all the first-type user terminals;

[0010] The base station adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the second-type user terminals, so that one or more beams emitted by the base station can cover the corresponding second-type user terminals;

[0011] The base station transmits corresponding characteristic information to corresponding second type user terminals.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a downlink communication device for spatial division and mode division multiplexing is provided, which is applied to a scenario where a base station transmits information to multiple user terminals simultaneously, and the device comprises:

[0013] A user pairing module is configured to pair multiple user terminals according to the demand types of each user terminal: determine commonality information and characteristic information between multiple user terminals, and determine the user terminals that need the commonality information as first type user terminals, and determine the user terminals that need the characteristic information as second type user terminals;

[0014] A position determination module is configured to determine position information of each user terminal;

[0015] A beam adjustment module is configured to adjust a beam coverage range according to the position information of the first type user terminals, so that the same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first type user terminals;

[0016] An information transmission module is configured to transmit the commonality information to all the first type user terminals;

[0017] The beam adjustment module adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the second type user terminals, so that one or more beams emitted by the base station can cover corresponding second type user terminals;

[0018] The information transmission module transmits corresponding characteristic information to corresponding second type user terminals.

[0019] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, which comprises:

[0020] at least one processor; and

[0021] a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein

[0022] The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of the above technical solutions.

[0023] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions is provided, wherein the computer instructions are used to make the computer perform the method of any one of the above technical solutions.

[0024] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of the above technical solutions.

[0025] The present disclosure provides a downlink communication method, device, electronic equipment and medium for spatial division and mode division multiplexing in an intelligent network communication scenario, which widens the spatial resource in mode division multiple access semantic communication, adjusts the beam coverage range according to different user position information, simultaneously transmits the characteristic semantic information of multiple users, and realizes a downlink semantic communication method for spatial division multiple access and mode division multiple access, thereby saving the cost of communication, improving the communication efficiency and communication quality.

[0026] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings are used to better understand the present scheme and do not constitute a limitation on the present disclosure. Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 is an implementation step diagram of the downlink communication method for spatial division and mode division multiplexing in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 2 is a principle diagram of user pairing in step S101 in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 3 is a beam adjustment principle diagram for transmitting common information in step S103 in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 4 is a beam adjustment principle diagram for transmitting characteristic information in step S105 in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 5 is a principle block diagram of the downlink communication device for spatial division and mode division multiplexing in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6 is a block diagram of an electronic device for implementing the downlink communication method of the embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which include various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure to help understanding, and should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Also, in order to be clear and concise, the description below omits the description of well-known functions and structures.

[0035] Term explanation:

[0036] Wavebeam: refers to the shape formed by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna on the earth's surface (to help understand, like the beam of a flashlight shining into the darkness), which is determined by the transmitting antenna.

[0037] Multiple access: that is, multiple access. When multiple users access a common transmission medium to communicate with each other, it is necessary to distinguish users in a certain domain. Commonly used domains for distinguishing include the time domain, which distinguishes users by time; the frequency domain, which distinguishes users by frequency; and the spatial domain, which distinguishes users by space.

[0038] Space division multiple access (SDMA): also known as multi-beam frequency multiplexing, which is based on spatial angle separation channels, frequency, time, and code word sharing, and occupies different spaces Transmission medium to divide different channels, that is, to divide different channels by using spatial division. The division method of different spatial paths mainly depends on intelligent antenna technology, which is based on antenna technology. Ideally, the antenna requires a point beam for each user; thus, the wireless signal of each user can be distinguished according to the spatial position of the user, and multiple access division can be completed.

[0039] Model division multiple access: refers to the extraction of common semantic information and characteristic semantic information between multiple user data based on the same source type or similar source type between different users in semantic communication, and then sending in turn. For example, two users need cat short videos, but different varieties, then the common semantic information of the source required by the two users is "cat", and the respective characteristic semantic information is the corresponding variety.

[0040] Semantic encoding: semantic information contained in service information. According to the different types of semantics, it can be divided into text semantic encoding, image semantic encoding, audio semantic encoding, video semantic encoding, and point cloud semantic encoding. The possible categories of semantic encoding are related to the possible categories of service information, and can be all possible types of semantic encoding for communication transmission. The generation of semantic encoding is also related to the semantic encoding model, and the semantic encoding model can use all possible models of artificial intelligence, deep learning, and pattern recognition.

[0041] Semantic multiple access: after converting the service information to be transmitted into semantic encoding, the semantic encoding is split into common and individual parts, and the common part and the individual part corresponding to each semantic encoding are transmitted for multiple access transmission.

[0042] Business information: information involved in information service. According to the different types of information, it can be divided into text service information, image service information, voice service information, video service information, point cloud service information, etc. It can also be divided into structured information and unstructured information. It can also be all possible types of service information for communication transmission.

[0043] Common information: after multiple business information is converted into multiple semantic encodings, the common part obtained by superimposing multiple semantic encodings on the semantic domain.

[0044] Characteristic information: after the business information is converted into semantic encoding, the semantic encoding can be divided into common part and characteristic part. The semantic encoding obtained by converting the business information is the characteristic part that is different from the common part in the semantic domain.

[0045] Transmitter and receiver: there is a channel connection between the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter (transmitter) has an encoder, and the receiver (receiver) has a decoder. The present disclosure is based on semantic encoding and semantic decoding, so the transmitter of the present disclosure has a semantic encoder; the receiver of the present disclosure has a semantic decoder. The transmitter and receiver of the present disclosure work at the semantic layer, and the bottom layer is still the Shannon physical layer.

[0046] Artificial intelligence model: including artificial intelligence semantic encoding model and artificial intelligence semantic decoding model. The artificial intelligence semantic encoding model is used to encode the business information from the signal source into semantic information. The semantic information is transmitted on the channel. The artificial intelligence semantic decoder is used to decode the semantic information transmitted on the channel into business information. According to the different types of semantics, it can be divided into text artificial intelligence model, audio artificial intelligence model, image artificial intelligence model, video artificial intelligence model, point cloud artificial intelligence model, one-dimensional waveform model, radar data model, etc. The category of artificial intelligence model is related to the category of semantic encoding and the category of business information. It can be all possible types of models for communication transmission.

[0047] The present disclosure provides a downlink communication method of space and mode multiplexing, which is applied to the scene of the base station transmitting information to multiple user terminals at the same time, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it includes:

[0048] Step S101, pairing multiple user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal: determining the common information and characteristic information between multiple user terminals, and determining the user terminal needing common information as the first type of user terminal, and determining the user terminal needing characteristic information as the second type of user terminal;

[0049] Step S102, the base station determines the position information of each user terminal;

[0050] Step S103, the base station adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the first type of user terminal, so that the same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first type of user terminal;

[0051] Step S104, the base station sends the common information to all the first type of user terminal;

[0052] Step S105, the base station adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the second type of user terminal, so that one or more beams emitted by the base station can cover the corresponding second type of user terminal;

[0053] Step S106, the base station sends the corresponding characteristic information to the corresponding second type of user terminal.

[0054] Exemplarily, the scene of the downlink communication method in this embodiment is the communication process of multiple users brushing short videos, including the following steps:

[0055] In step S101, multiple user terminals use the short video program at the same time, and send their respective video content requirements to the base station. The base station pairs the same type or the same data set or source type according to the requirement type of each user, for example, pairs the users who all require pet content videos, and records the corresponding user position information. The pet content video is the common information between multiple user terminals. As shown in Figure 2 When the requirement type of user 1 is food content video, and the requirement type of user 2 and user 3 is pet content video, it is considered that user 2 and user 3 have common information, and the base station G can pair user 2 and user 3, and determine user 2 and user 3 as the first type of user terminal, and determine user 1 as the second type of user terminal.

[0056] According to the paired same type of user, based on the user position information, the base station smart antenna can be adjusted so that the signal beam range of the base station can cover the paired users, and then the base station only needs to send the common information to the paired multiple users at the same time through the same beam. For example, as shown in Figure 3 The base station G sends the pet content video to multiple paired users (user 2 and user 3) at the same time through the same beam W1.

[0057] As shown in Figure 4As shown, after the base station G sends the common information to the first type of user terminals (user 2, user 3), the base station adjusts the smart antenna according to the location information of each user, so that each user terminal can be covered by a separate beam, for example, beam W2 covers user 2 and beam W3 covers user 3. Then, the base station simultaneously sends the characteristic information required by each user terminal through the corresponding beam within the coverage range of each beam, that is, it sends the characteristic information required by user 2 through beam W2 and the characteristic information required by user 3 through beam W3, and completes the downlink communication after the transmission is completed.

[0058] Further, after each user terminal receives all the common information and individual information sent by the base station, the user terminal can integrate and decode the characteristic information and the common information to obtain the semantic information required by the user terminal, thereby completing the downlink transmission process. Through the semantic model multiple access method, the base station only needs to transmit one copy of the common information to the two users and transmit the characteristic information to the two users respectively, saving the transmission time and bandwidth of the common information transmission and avoiding waste of communication resources and improving communication efficiency. At the same time, when transmitting information to the user terminal using the semantic multiple access method, the beam direction and beam coverage range of the base station are flexibly adjusted according to the transmission characteristics of the common information and the characteristic information, thereby improving the utilization rate of communication resources and the quality of information transmission.

[0059] As an optional implementation, the base station adjusts the beam direction and beam width of the smart antenna to adjust the beam coverage range. For example Figure 4 As shown, the number of beams of the smart antenna is adjusted to two, i.e. beam W2 and beam W3, the direction of beam W2 is adjusted to face the direction where user 2 is located, and the width of beam W2 is adjusted to just cover user 2, thereby avoiding waste of resources and improving the signal quality received by user 2. Similarly, the direction of beam W3 is adjusted to face the direction where user 3 is located, and the width of beam W3 is adjusted to just cover user 3.

[0060] As an optional implementation, before pairing the plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, the method further comprises:

[0061] The base station determines whether the user terminal is located within the maximum beam coverage range of the base station according to the location information of the user terminal, and pairs the user terminals located within the maximum beam coverage range.

[0062] Specifically, considering the finiteness of the maximum beam coverage range of the base station smart antenna, if the maximum beam coverage range is exceeded, even if the users are paired, the signals transmitted by the base station cannot reach the users. Therefore, when the users request pairing, the user location information can be included in the pairing rule, that is, the users far away from the base station (exceeding the maximum beam coverage range of the base station) are not paired even if the demand types are the same, and neither are determined as the first type of user terminal nor the second type of user terminal.

[0063] As an optional implementation, before pairing the plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, further comprising:

[0064] According to the maximum number of single beams that the base station can transmit, the maximum number of user terminals to be paired is determined.

[0065] Specifically, the maximum number of user pairing can be set according to the maximum number of non-overlapping beam ranges of the base station smart antenna, that is, to ensure that the beam range resources are sufficient when transmitting the characteristic information. For example, the base station can transmit up to 10 non-overlapping beams at the same time, so the maximum number of user terminals to be paired cannot exceed 10. If there are 11 paired users, the base station needs to use a separate beam when transmitting the characteristic information to the user terminal, and the number of beams of the base station is not enough to transmit the characteristic information to the 11 user terminals at the same time.

[0066] As an optional implementation, before pairing the plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, further comprising:

[0067] According to the current load of the base station, it is determined whether the pairing is completed in the base station or completed among the plurality of user terminals.

[0068] Specifically, the user pairing can be paired by the base station or self-paired among the user terminals. When the load of the base station is large, the user can complete it by itself, which can ensure the normal operation of the base station.

[0069] As an optional implementation, determining the common information and the characteristic information among the plurality of user terminals comprises:

[0070] The base station determines the service information to be transmitted to the plurality of user terminals;

[0071] The base station extracts features of the service information to be transmitted by a semantic coding model to obtain semantic information;

[0072] The base station divides the semantic information into common information and characteristic information.

[0073] Exemplarily, if the base station determines to transmit pet content videos and food videos to multiple user terminals, the pet content videos and the food videos can be subjected to feature extraction by a semantic coding model to obtain corresponding semantic information, and the semantic information can be divided into common information and characteristic information. For example, the food videos required by only user 1 can be divided into characteristic information, and the pet content videos required by multiple users such as user 2 and user 3 can be divided into common information, and the common information and the characteristic information are transmitted to the user terminals respectively. Further, the user terminals can also perform semantic decoding by a semantic decoding model to restore the semantic information transmitted by the base station to pet content videos and / or food videos.

[0074] The semantic coding model and the semantic decoding model can both be artificial intelligence models trained based on neural networks. It should be noted that the semantic information obtained by the user terminal after recovering the semantic coding by the semantic decoding model is highly similar to the service information transmitted by the base station. For example, the service information transmitted by the base station is a pet cat video, the first semantic information is obtained after the semantic feature extraction and compression of the pet cat video by the semantic coding model; after being divided into common information and characteristic information, the common information and the characteristic information are transmitted to the user terminal through a channel; the second semantic information is obtained by integrating the common information and the characteristic information by the semantic decoding model, and the pet cat video is reconstructed based on the second semantic information. The pet cat video recovered by the semantic decoding model has some differences in image quality compared with the original pet cat video, but the content of the two is consistent, and the visual experience of the user is almost the same. However, compared with directly transmitting the original service information, transmitting the semantic information extracted and compressed by the semantic coding model can significantly reduce the amount of communication transmission data and greatly improve the transmission efficiency. For example, a picture with an original size of 3M can be compressed into semantic information with a size of about 30K.

[0075] The present disclosure also provides a downlink communication device 500 for space division and mode division multiplexing, which is applied to a scenario in which a base station simultaneously transmits information to multiple user terminals, as shown in Figure 5 The downlink communication device 500 comprises:

[0076] A user pairing module 501 is configured to pair multiple user terminals according to the demand types of each user terminal: determine the common information and the characteristic information between the multiple user terminals, and determine the user terminals requiring the common information as first-type user terminals and the user terminals requiring the characteristic information as second-type user terminals;

[0077] A position determination module 502 is configured to determine the position information of each user terminal;

[0078] A beam adjustment module 503 is configured to adjust the beam coverage range of the base station according to the position information of the first-type user terminals, so that the same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first-type user terminals.

[0079] The information transmission module 504 is configured to send common information to all first-type user terminals;

[0080] The beam adjustment module 503 adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the second-type user terminals, so that one or more beams emitted by the base station can cover the corresponding second-type user terminals;

[0081] The information transmission module 504 sends corresponding characteristic information to the corresponding second-type user terminals.

[0082] Exemplarily, the scenario of the downlink communication method in this embodiment is the communication process of multiple users brushing short videos, including the following steps:

[0083] In step S101, multiple user terminals simultaneously use a short video program, and send their respective video content requirements to the base station. The base station pairs the same type or the same data set or source type according to the requirement type of each user, for example, pairs users who both require pet content videos, and records the corresponding user position information. The pet content video is the common information between multiple user terminals. As shown in Figure 2 When the requirement type of user 1 is a food content video, and the requirement types of user 2 and user 3 are pet content videos, it is considered that user 2 and user 3 have common information, and the base station G can pair user 2 and user 3, and determine user 2 and user 3 as first-type user terminals, and determine user 1 as a second-type user terminal.

[0084] According to the paired same-type users, the base station smart antenna can be adjusted based on the user position information, so that the signal beam range of the base station can cover the paired users. Then, the base station only needs to send common information to the paired multiple users at the same time through the same beam once, for example, as shown in Figure 3 The base station G sends pet content videos to multiple paired users (user 2 and user 3) at the same time through the same beam W1.

[0085] As shown in Figure 4 After the base station G sends the common information to the first-type user terminals (user 2 and user 3), the smart antenna of the base station is adjusted according to the position information of each user, so that each user terminal can be covered by a separate beam, for example, beam W2 covers user 2 and beam W3 covers user 3. Then, the base station simultaneously sends the characteristic information required by each user terminal through the corresponding beam in the coverage range of each beam, that is, sends the characteristic information required by user 2 through beam W2, and sends the characteristic information required by user 3 through beam W3. After the sending is completed, the downlink communication is completed.

[0086] Further, after receiving all the common information and individual information sent by the base station to each user terminal, the user terminal can integrate the characteristic information and the common information and then decode to obtain the semantic information required by the user terminal, thereby completing the downlink transmission process. Through the semantic model multiple access method, the base station only needs to transmit one copy of the common information to the two users and transmit individual information to the two users respectively, thereby saving the transmission time and bandwidth of the common information and avoiding waste of communication resources and improving communication efficiency. At the same time, when transmitting information to the user terminal using the semantic multiple access method, the beam direction and beam coverage range of the base station are flexibly adjusted according to the transmission characteristics of the common information and the individual information, thereby improving the utilization rate of communication resources and the quality of information transmission.

[0087] As an optional implementation, the beam adjustment module 503 adjusts the beam coverage range by adjusting the beam direction and beam width of the smart antenna of the base station. For example Figure 4 As shown, the number of beams of the smart antenna is adjusted to two, i.e., beam W2 and beam W3, the direction of the beam W2 is adjusted to face the direction where the user 2 is located, and the width of the beam W2 is adjusted to just cover the user 2, thereby avoiding waste of resources and improving the signal quality received by the user 2. Similarly, the direction of the beam W3 is adjusted to face the direction where the user 3 is located, and the width of the beam W3 is adjusted to just cover the user 3.

[0088] As an optional implementation, before the user pairing module 501 pairs the plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, the method further includes:

[0089] The base station determines whether the user terminal is located within the maximum beam coverage range of the base station according to the position information of the user terminal, and pairs the user terminals located within the maximum beam coverage range.

[0090] Specifically, considering the finiteness of the maximum beam coverage range of the smart antenna of the base station, if the user is located beyond the maximum beam coverage range, even if the user is paired, the signal transmitted by the base station cannot reach the user. Therefore, when the user requests pairing, the position information of the user can be included in the pairing rule, i.e., the user located far away from the base station (beyond the maximum beam coverage range of the base station) is not paired even if the demand type is the same, and is neither determined as the first type of user terminal nor determined as the second type of user terminal.

[0091] As an optional implementation, before the user pairing module 501 pairs the plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, the method further includes:

[0092] According to the maximum number of single beams that can be transmitted by the base station, the maximum number of user terminals to be paired is determined.

[0093] Specifically, the maximum number of user pairs can be set according to the maximum number of non-overlapping beam ranges of the base station smart antenna, that is, to ensure that the beam range resources are sufficient when transmitting the characteristic information. For example, the base station can transmit a maximum of 10 non-overlapping beams at the same time, and the user terminals for pairing cannot exceed 10. If there are 11 paired users, the base station needs to use a separate beam when transmitting the characteristic information to the user terminals, and the number of beams of the base station is not enough to transmit the characteristic information to the 11 user terminals at the same time.

[0094] As an optional implementation, before the user pairing module 501 pairs the plurality of user terminals according to the demand types of each user terminal, the user pairing module 501 further includes:

[0095] According to the current load of the base station, it is determined whether the pairing is completed in the base station or is completed among the plurality of user terminals.

[0096] Specifically, the user pairing can be performed by the base station or can be completed by the user terminals themselves. When the load of the base station is large, the user can complete it by themselves, which can ensure the normal operation of the base station.

[0097] As an optional implementation, the user pairing module 501 includes:

[0098] A determination unit configured to determine the service information transmitted by the base station to the plurality of user terminals;

[0099] A feature extraction unit configured to extract features of the service information to be transmitted by a semantic coding model to obtain semantic information;

[0100] An information division unit configured to divide the semantic information into common information and characteristic information.

[0101] For example, if the base station determines to transmit pet content videos and food videos to the plurality of user terminals, the semantic coding model can be used to extract features of the pet content videos and the food videos to obtain corresponding semantic information, and then the semantic information is divided into common information and characteristic information. For example, only the food video required by user 1 can be divided into characteristic information, and the pet content video required by user 2 and user 3 and the like can be divided into common information, and then the common information and the characteristic information are transmitted to the user terminals. Further, the user terminals can also use a semantic decoding model to decode the semantic information transmitted by the base station to restore the pet content videos and / or the food videos.

[0102] The semantic encoding model and the semantic decoding model can both be artificial intelligence models trained based on neural networks. It should be noted that the semantic information obtained by the user end after recovering the semantic encoding by using the semantic decoding model is highly similar to the service information transmitted by the base station. For example, the service information transmitted by the base station is a pet cat video, and after the semantic feature extraction and compression of the pet cat video by using the semantic encoding model, the first semantic information is obtained. After being divided into common information and characteristic information, the information is transmitted to the user end through a channel. The user end integrates the common information and the characteristic information by using the semantic decoding model to obtain second semantic information, and reconstructs an image based on the second semantic information to obtain the pet cat video. The pet cat video recovered by the semantic decoding model has some differences in image quality compared with the original pet cat video, but the content of the two is consistent, and the visual experience of the user is almost the same. However, compared with directly transmitting the original service information, transmitting the semantic information compressed by the semantic encoding model can significantly reduce the amount of communication transmission data and greatly improve the transmission efficiency. For example, an original picture with a size of 3M can be compressed into semantic information with a size of about 30K.

[0103] In the technical solution of the present disclosure, the acquisition, storage and application of user personal information comply with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good customs.

[0104] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium and a computer program product.

[0105] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 600 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, tablets, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular telephones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown here, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be examples only, and are not intended to limit implementations of the present disclosure described and / or claimed in this document.

[0106] As Figure 6As shown, the device 600 includes a computing unit 601 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a computer program loaded into a random access memory (RAM) 603 from a storage unit 608. In the RAM 603, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 600 can also be stored. The computing unit 601, the ROM 602, and the RAM 603 are connected to each other through a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0107] A plurality of components in the device 600 are connected to the I / O interface 605, including: an input unit 606, such as a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output unit 607, such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 608, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like; and a communication unit 609, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, and the like. The communication unit 609 allows the device 600 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network, such as the Internet, and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0108] The computing unit 601 can be various general and / or special-purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 601 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning objective function algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, and the like. The computing unit 601 performs various methods and processes described above, such as the spatial and modal multiplexed downlink communication method. For example, in some embodiments, the spatial and modal multiplexed downlink communication method can be implemented as a computer software program that is tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 608. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the device 600 via the ROM 602 and / or the communication unit 609. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 603 and executed by the computing unit 601, one or more steps of the spatial and modal multiplexed downlink communication method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 601 can be configured to perform the spatial and modal multiplexed downlink communication method by any other appropriate means, such as by means of firmware.

[0109] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on a chip (SOC), a load programmable logic device (CPLD), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0110] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, produces the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or the block diagrams. The program code can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, partially on a machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0111] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that contains or stores a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include but is not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium will include one or more lines of electrical conductors, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0112] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

[0113] The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back end, middleware, or front end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0114] The computer system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server can arise by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, a server of a distributed system, or a server combined with a blockchain.

[0115] It should be understood that various forms of flow shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or removed. For example, the steps recited in the present disclosure can be performed in parallel, in series, or in a different order, without limitation herein, so long as the desired results of the technology disclosed in the present disclosure are achieved.

[0116] The specific embodiments described above are not intended to be limiting, and persons skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives can be made to the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described above.

Claims

1. A method of downlink communication of space division and mode division multiplexing, applied to a scenario that a base station transmits information to multiple user terminals simultaneously, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: According to the demand type of each user terminal, a plurality of user terminals are paired: common information and characteristic information between a plurality of user terminals are determined, and the user terminals requiring the common information are determined as the first type of user terminals, and the user terminals requiring the characteristic information are determined as the second type of user terminals; The base station determines the position information of each user terminal; The base station adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the first type of user terminals, so that the same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first type of user terminals; The base station transmits the common information to all the first type of user terminals; The base station adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the second type of user terminals, so that one or more beams emitted by the base station can cover the corresponding second type of user terminals; The base station transmits the corresponding characteristic information to the corresponding second type of user terminals.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The adjustment of the beam coverage range comprises: the base station adjusts the beam direction and the beam width of the smart antenna of the base station, so as to adjust the beam coverage range.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the pairing of a plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, the method further comprises the following steps: The base station determines whether the user terminal is located within the maximum beam coverage range of the base station according to the position information of each user terminal, and pairs the user terminals located within the maximum beam coverage range.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the pairing of a plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, the method further comprises the following steps: According to the maximum number of single beams that the base station can emit, the maximum number of user terminals to be paired is determined.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the pairing of a plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, the method further comprises the following steps: According to the current load of the base station, it is determined whether the pairing is completed in the base station or is completed among a plurality of user terminals.

6. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein, The determination of the common information and the characteristic information between a plurality of user terminals comprises the following steps: The base station determines the service information transmitted to a plurality of user terminals; The base station extracts features of the service information to be transmitted through a semantic coding model to obtain semantic information; The base station divides the semantic information into the common information and the characteristic information.

7. A device for spatial division and mode division multiplexing downlink communication, applied to a scenario that a base station transmits information to multiple user terminals simultaneously, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A user pairing module is configured to pair a plurality of user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal: common information and characteristic information between a plurality of user terminals are determined, and the user terminals requiring the common information are determined as the first type of user terminals, and the user terminals requiring the characteristic information are determined as the second type of user terminals; A position determination module is configured to determine the position information of each user terminal; A beam adjustment module is configured to adjust the beam coverage range according to the position information of the first type of user terminals, so that the same beam emitted by the base station can cover all the first type of user terminals; An information transmission module is configured to transmit the common information to all the first type of user terminals; The beam adjustment module adjusts the beam coverage range according to the position information of the second type of user terminal, so that one or more beams emitted by the base station can cover the corresponding second type of user terminal. The information transmission module sends the corresponding characteristic information to the corresponding second type of user terminal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The beam adjustment module adjusts the beam coverage range includes: adjusting the beam direction of the smart antenna of the base station, thereby adjusting the beam coverage range.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, Before the user pairing module pairs multiple user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, it further includes: According to the position information of each user terminal, it is judged whether the user terminal is located in the maximum beam coverage range of the base station, and the user terminal located in the maximum beam coverage range is paired.

10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, Before the user pairing module pairs multiple user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, it further includes: According to the maximum number of single beams that the base station can emit, the maximum number of user terminals to be paired is determined.

11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, Before the user pairing module pairs multiple user terminals according to the demand type of each user terminal, it further includes: According to the current load of the base station, it is determined whether the pairing is completed in the base station or completed among multiple user terminals.

12. The apparatus of any of claims 7-11, wherein, The user pairing module includes: A determination unit configured to determine the service information transmitted by the base station to multiple user terminals; A feature extraction unit configured to perform feature extraction on the service information to be transmitted through a semantic coding model to obtain semantic information; An information division unit configured to divide the semantic information into the common information and the characteristic information.

13. An electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory connected in communication with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.

14. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein, The computer instructions are used to enable the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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