A breeding method for hemp-colored meat rabbit complementary line

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for breeding a complete line of hemp-colored meat rabbits, and relates to the field of biological breeding technology. The breeding method comprises the following steps: using Kangda E line and Kangda 5 line as breeding materials, obtaining the M line through hybridization, backcrossing, crosscrossing, and coat color purification; using Kangda D line and Kangda 2 line as breeding materials, obtaining the 8 line through hybridization, backcrossing, and crosscrossing; using Kangda 1 line as the maternal parent and the 8 line as the maternal paternal parent, hybridizing to obtain the terminal maternal line; using the M line as the terminal paternal line, hybridizing with the terminal maternal line, to obtain commercial hemp-colored meat rabbits. The hemp-colored meat rabbit complete line bred using the method of the present invention has outstanding production performance, strong adaptability, good meat quality, and good fur, meeting the market demand for fresh rabbit consumption and the fur industry in my country.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a complete line of hemp meat rabbits. Background Art

[0002] Domestic rabbit production offers advantages such as high-quality products, grain conservation through herbivory, and high ecological efficiency. Breeding high-quality, efficient, and improved breeds is fundamental to the development of modern agriculture and animal husbandry. Meat rabbit breeding generally involves cultivating specialized strains, which are then crossbred to produce commercial-generation "hybrid" meat rabbits. This fully utilizes hybrid vigor and improves both meat rabbit production levels and overall efficiency.

[0003] As people's living standards continue to improve, consumer demand for livestock products is becoming more diversified, and meat rabbit consumption is gradually shifting from a demand for quantity to a demand for quality. Cultivating a complete line of high-quality colored meat rabbits, establishing a sound breeding system, improving meat performance and the added value of rabbit skins, and providing diversified meat rabbit products that meet the needs of the live rabbit market will help further enrich my country's meat rabbit genetic resources, reduce reliance on imported rabbit breeds, effectively improve commercial meat rabbit production, and play a positive role in promoting the stable development of my country's meat rabbit industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for a line of hemp-colored meat rabbits to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The line of hemp-colored meat rabbits bred by the method of the present invention has outstanding breeding and production performance, strong adaptability, and hemp-colored fur, and has broad market promotion prospects.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for breeding a complete line of hemp-colored meat rabbits, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Kangda E-line (hereinafter referred to as E-line) and Kangda 5-line (hereinafter referred to as 5-line) were used as breeding materials, and the M-line was obtained through hybridization, backcrossing, cross-crossing and coat color purification.

[0008] Using Kangda D line (hereinafter referred to as D line) and Kangda 2 line (hereinafter referred to as 2 line) as breeding materials, 8 lines were obtained through hybridization, backcrossing and cross-crossing;

[0009] The terminal maternal line was obtained by hybridization using Kangda 1 line (hereinafter referred to as 1 line) as the maternal parent and the 8 line as the maternal parent;

[0010] The M line is used as the terminal paternal line and is hybridized with the terminal maternal line to obtain commercial generation hemp meat rabbits.

[0011] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the M lineage include: the coat is hemp-colored, and the hair fibers on its head, neck, back, sides, outer sides of limbs, and back of the tail are similar in color to those of wild rabbit hair fibers, with the base of the hair fibers being light gray, the middle part being slightly lighter, the tips being darker, and interspersed with black gun hair; the hair behind the ears, under the neck, and in the groin is lighter in color, straw yellow; the hair on the lower jaw, inner sides of limbs, soles of feet, abdomen, and ventral side of the tail is white; the ears are broad and erect, with shiny black hair edges on the tips of the ears; the head is large and the forehead is The rabbit is broad, with a deep chest, a straight back and waist, strong limbs, and well-developed leg and buttocks muscles, showing a typical meat body shape; the eyeballs are brown, the skin is brown-yellow, and some parts are dark gray; there are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples, the average number of live piglets born is 8.0 to 8.6, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1000g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.3 to 6.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.2 to 5.8kg; the body length of an adult rabbit is 48 to 54cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the 8 lines include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, large, erect ears, symmetrical body structure, well-developed front, middle and hindquarters, strong physique, sturdy limbs, and thick leg hair; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, and strong sustained reproductive capacity; the average number of live born pups is 10.2 to 10.8, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1,000 g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.2 to 5.7 kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.0 to 5.4 kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 44 to 52 cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 39 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the Kangda 1 series include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, medium-sized and erect ears, symmetrical body structure, well-developed mid- and hindquarters, strong limbs, long back and waist, and strong physique; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive capacity, and long service life; the average number of live born pups is 9.6 to 10.2, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 970g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 4.6 to 5.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 4.4 to 4.9kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 40 to 48cm, and the chest circumference is 34 to 38cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the terminal maternal line include: white coat, neat head shape, symmetrical structure, deep back and waist, and well-developed middle and hindquarters; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive ability, and long service life; the average number of live piglets born is 10.0 to 10.5; the adult weight of the female rabbit is 4.5 to 4.8 kg, the body length is 42 to 50 cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the commercial generation of hemp meat rabbits include: hemp coat; symmetrical body structure, plump muscles, and strong physique; weaning weight of more than 1,000 g at 35 days of age; market weight of more than 2,500 g at 70 days of age; feed-to-weight ratio of 2.95 to 3.00 during the fattening period of 35-70 days of age; semi-eviscerated slaughter rate of 53.0% to 54.0%; and fully eviscerated slaughter rate of 49.0% to 50.0%.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] This invention has successfully developed the industry's first lineage of hemp-colored meat rabbits, filling a gap in the market. This lineage boasts outstanding production performance, high feed conversion efficiency, rapid growth, a long breeding life, low production costs, and strong stress resistance and adaptability. All commercial rabbits are hemp-colored, resulting in high live prices and high added value for their skins. This lineage meets the diverse needs of regional meat rabbit production and consumption, enriching the variety of my country's own meat rabbit lineages.

[0018] The performance of the hemp meat rabbit strain bred by the present invention is comparable to that of the imported white meat rabbit strain, but the female rabbits have obvious advantages in continuous reproduction ability and high value-added fur. At the same time, the invention has strong adaptability, wide sales channels and broad market promotion prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the synthesis of M series;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of 8-series synthesis;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the matching pattern of the hemp-colored meat rabbit matching system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0025] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0027] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0028] In the following examples, the fecundity index = (0.2 × conception rate + 0.2 × litter size + 0.2 × litter weight at birth + 0.4 × litter weight at 21 days of age) + 100, which is used to comprehensively evaluate the reproductive performance of each combination;

[0029] Fattening ability index = 0.5 × (weight at 70 days of age - weight at 35 days of age) + 0.35 × inverse of feed-to-weight ratio + 0.15 × survival rate during fattening + 100, used to comprehensively evaluate the fattening performance of each combination;

[0030] Commodity index = 0.5 × evisceration rate + 0.3 × meat cut ratio + 0.2 × hide added value + 100, used to comprehensively evaluate the output capacity of each combination;

[0031] Comprehensive index = 0.5 × fattening index + 0.3 × reproduction index + 0.2 × commodity index, used to evaluate the comprehensive production performance of each combination;

[0032] Commercial rabbit profit = output of a single commercial rabbit (variables include market weight, evisceration rate, meat cut ratio, and hide value added) - commercial rabbit fattening cost (variables include weight gain during fattening, feed-to-weight ratio, fattening survival rate, and fattening non-feed costs) - rabbit weaning cost (variables include annual breeding cost of breeder rabbits, breeding rabbit conception rate, number of piglets born alive, and weaning survival rate);

[0033] Annual profit of a single cage = profit of commercial rabbits × number of commercial rabbits bred and marketed in a single cage per year.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] 1. Breeding materials

[0036] According to the breeding goal of cultivating a complementary line of hemp-colored high-quality meat rabbits, preliminary screening was carried out on the basis of the original meat rabbit breeding results and germplasm resources, and the breeding materials shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[0037] Table 1 Main breeding materials, performance indicators and their sources

[0038]

[0039] Note: Series D, Series E, Series 5, Series 1 and Series 2 were purchased from Kangda Rabbit Industry Co., Ltd.

[0040] 2. Methods and Results

[0041] 2.1 Determination of combining ability of breeding materials

[0042] The combining ability between the main breeding materials was determined, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0043] Table 2 Results of combining ability test of breeding materials (unit: litter, piece, g, %)

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] The best combination for comprehensive reproductive performance was D♂×2♀, indicating that hybridization of these two breeding materials into a new strain could yield higher reproductive performance. The best combination for comprehensive fattening performance was E♂×5♀, indicating that hybridization of these two breeding materials into a new strain could yield higher fattening performance.

[0047] 2.2 Creation of specialized strains

[0048] 2.2.1M series

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, the M line was established using the E and 5 lines as breeding materials through hybridization, backcrossing, and cross-crossing combined with flax coat genotyping. The E line pedigree accounts for 12.5% ​​of the breed, while the 5 line pedigree accounts for 87.5%. After the establishment of the base population, closed-group selection was used for successive generations, focusing on individuals with flax coat color, rapid early growth, and high feed conversion efficiency. Flax coat genotyping was continuously tested throughout the breeding process (for specific testing methods, see Chinese patent CN201910029901.6). By the first generation, all flax-colored individuals had the AACCEE genotype (where AA corresponds to the ASIP gene, CC to the TYR gene, and EE to the MC1R gene). By the third generation, the flax phenotype was 100%, as detailed in Table 3. The progress of the M line's feed-to-weight ratio breeding is shown in Table 4.

[0050] The M series has been bred since 2018 and has bred 7 generations. Each generation has continuously reproduced 3 to 4 batches. The size of the core group is maintained at about 300, and the male-female ratio is about 1:7. The actual breeding rate of female rabbits is about 16%, and the actual breeding rate of male rabbits is about 2.5%.

[0051] Table 3 Statistics of coat color selection, mating and separation in each generation of M line (unit: pieces, %)

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Table 4 Progress in the selection of weight ratio of M series materials

[0055]

[0056] 2.2.28 series

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, D-line male rabbits with the highest breeding value index, and 2-line female rabbits that consistently reproduced three or more litters, were selected through hybridization, backcrossing, and cross-crossing to select individuals homozygous for the white coat color genotype to form the 8-line breeding stock. D-line ancestry accounts for 75% of the total, while 2-line ancestry accounts for 25%. After the establishment of the base population, closed-group selection was used for successive generations. The 8-line breeding stock was established in 2018 and has been undergoing successive generations of selection. The first two generations maintained a small population size. Starting from the third generation, to improve population uniformity and increase the size of the breeding base population, the male-to-female ratio in the breeding stock was approximately 1:10. The actual breeding rate for males in each generation was kept below 2%, and the breeding rate for females was kept below 15%.

[0058] In the F1 generation, individuals with white paws or noses, as well as those with distinctly brown terminal black, were eliminated; in the F2 generation, individuals homozygous for the white coat genotype were selected. The F2 generation's litter weight at 21 days of age was 263.81 g higher than that of the F0 generation (two lines); at 70 days of age, the body weight increased by 187.54 g, demonstrating a degree of hybrid vigor. The reproductive and growth performance of the 8-line synthetic hybrid population are shown in Tables 5 and 6, respectively.

[0059] Table 5 Reproductive performance of 8-line synthetic hybrid population (unit: litter, number, g, %)

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Table 6 Growth performance of 8-line synthetic hybrid population (unit: individual, g)

[0063]

[0064] 2.2.31 series

[0065] To improve the breeding lifespan and tolerance of rabbits, we select families and individuals that have reproduced five or more healthy litters from the first line population as the F1 generation. From the F1 generation, we select families and individuals that have reproduced five or more healthy litters as the F2 generation. This F2 generation serves as the base population for future generations of selection, and we use the closed population successive generation selection method for future generations of selection.

[0066] The F0-F2 generations were continuously and intensively selected for two indicators: the cumulative number of weaneds over five litters and the average litter weight at 21 days of age over five litters. As shown in Table 7, the cumulative number of weaneds over five litters increased from 37.50 in the F0 generation to 39.25 in the F2 generation, an increase of 1.75; the average litter weight at 21 days of age over five litters increased from 3063.84 g in the F0 generation to 3260.55 g in the F2 generation, an increase of 196.71 g, which is a significant progress.

[0067] Table 71 Progress in reproductive performance of F0-F1 generation (unit: individual, g)

[0068]

[0069] The size of the 1st series core group is maintained at more than 400 rabbits, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1:10. The actual breeding rate of male rabbits is approximately 1.5%, and the actual breeding rate of female rabbits is approximately 13%.

[0070] 2.3 Determination of combining ability between two systems

[0071] To analyze and compare the production performance of various lines, test the hybridization effects between lines, identify optimal production combinations, establish a suitable two-line hybridization scheme for maternal, paternal, and commercial production, and provide a basis for the selection and establishment of a complementary line for fawn meat rabbits, seven combinations were developed. The reproductive, fattening, and slaughter performance of each combination were systematically evaluated. The comprehensive evaluation results of the combining ability between the two lines are shown in Table 8. The results show that the best combination in terms of comprehensive index was 8♂×1♀, with M♂×8♀ ranking second. Due to the high added value of M♂×8♀ fur, its commercial rabbit profit and annual profit per cage were higher than those of 8♂×1♀. The 8♂×1♀ combination also achieved significantly higher annual profit per cage and commercial rabbit profit than the 1♂×8♀ combination. Ultimately, the 8♂×1♀ combination was selected as the hybrid combination for commercial production.

[0072] Table 8 Comprehensive evaluation results of combining ability between two lines

[0073]

[0074] 2.4 Determination of combining ability among three systems

[0075] On the basis of the two-line combining ability test, the combining ability test among the three lines was carried out, and the Yila meat rabbit and Kangda No. 1 meat rabbit matching lines were added as controls. The purpose was to analyze and compare the production performance of each combination, detect the combining ability among each line and hybrid line, screen and establish the best three-line hybrid scheme, and provide a basis for screening and establishing the matching line of hemp meat rabbit.

[0076] Table 9 Comprehensive evaluation results of combining ability among three lines

[0077]

[0078] As shown in Table 9, the best combination of comprehensive index, commercial rabbit profit, and annual profit per cage is M ♂ ×(8·1) ♀ , which is significantly better than other combinations.

[0079] 2.5 Supporting System Composition and Characteristics

[0080] 2.5.1 Supporting Model

[0081] The hemp color meat rabbit system consists of three specialized lines: the maternal line is 1 line, pure white; the maternal line is 8 line, pure white; the terminal line is M line, hemp color. The commercial generation is all hemp color. Its supporting model is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0082] 2.5.2 Characteristics of the supporting system

[0083] 2.5.2.1 Great-grandparents and grandparents

[0084] (1)M series

[0085] The coat is linen-colored, similar in color to that of wild rabbit hair on the head, neck, back, sides, outer limbs, and dorsal surface of the tail. The base of the hair is light gray, slightly lighter in the middle, and darker at the tips, interspersed with black gun hair. The hair behind the ears, under the neck, and in the groin is lighter, straw-yellow in color. The lower jaw, inner limbs, soles of the feet, abdomen, and ventral surface of the tail are white. The ears are broad, erect, and tipped with shiny black fringe. The head is large, the forehead is broad, the chest is deep, the back and waist are straight, the limbs are sturdy, and the legs and hips are well-muscled, giving it a typical meat-producing body shape. The eyes are brown, and the skin is brownish-yellow, with some areas showing dark gray. There are 4 to 5 pairs of active teats, and the average live born is 8.0 to 8.6 pups. The average weaning weight is over 1000g at 35 days of age. The adult weight of male rabbits is 5.3-6.0 kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.2-5.8 kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 48-54 cm, and the chest circumference is 35-40 cm.

[0086] (2)8 series

[0087] The coat is pure white, with a delicate head, pink eyes, large, erect ears, and a well-proportioned body structure, with well-developed forequarters, midsection, and hindquarters. The physique is sturdy, the limbs are strong, and the legs are well-haired. It has four to five pairs of functional nipples. It has a gentle temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, and a strong reproductive capacity. The average live birth size is 10.2 to 10.8 pups, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is over 1000g. Adult male rabbits weigh 5.2 to 5.7kg, while female rabbits weigh 5.0 to 5.4kg. Adult rabbits are 44 to 52cm long, with a chest circumference of 35 to 39cm.

[0088] (3)1 series

[0089] The coat is pure white, the head is delicate, the eyes are pink, the ears are medium-sized and erect, and the body structure is well-proportioned, with well-developed mid- and hindquarters, strong limbs, a long back and loin, and a sturdy physique. It has four to five pairs of effective teats. It has a gentle temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive capacity, and a long lifespan. The average live birth size is 9.6 to 10.2 pups, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is over 970g. Adult weights for males are 4.6 to 5.0kg, and for females are 4.4 to 4.9kg. Adult length is 40 to 48cm, with a chest circumference of 34 to 38cm.

[0090] 2.5.2.2 Parent Generation

[0091] (1) Parent male rabbit

[0092] The characteristics of the male rabbits of the parent generation are the same as those of the great-grandparent and grandparent generations of the M line.

[0093] (2) Parent rabbits

[0094] The coat is white, the head is handsome, the structure is symmetrical, the back and loin are deep, and the mid-hindquarters are well-developed. It has 4-5 pairs of functional teats. It has a gentle temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive capacity, and a long lifespan. The average live birth size is 10.0-10.5 pups. Adult females weigh 4.5-4.8 kg, are 42-50 cm long, and have a chest circumference of 35-40 cm.

[0095] 2.5.2.3 Product Agency

[0096] The coat is hemp-colored, essentially the same as the M line. The body structure is well-proportioned, with well-muscled, solid physique. Weaning weight is over 1000g at 35 days of age; market weight is over 2500g at 70 days of age. The feed-to-weight ratio during the finishing period from 35 to 70 days of age is 2.95 to 3.00. The eviscerated slaughter rate is 53.0% to 54.0%, and the eviscerated slaughter rate is 49.0% to 50.0%.

[0097] 2.6 Performance test of the hemp meat rabbit system

[0098] The performance of the parent and commercial generations of the hemp meat rabbit breeding line was tested, and the results are shown in Table 10.

[0099] Table 10 Performance test results of hemp meat rabbit matching system (unit: piece, g, %)

[0100]

[0101] 2.7 Differences from other supporting systems / variety

[0102] Currently, the main meat rabbit strains raised in China include the imported Ira and Iplu strains, as well as the domestically bred Kangda series. The Ira strain has the highest market share. The most common fawn rabbits on the market are primarily Flanders, but their coat color and production performance vary widely, making it difficult to establish a large, stable supply. Taking into account market demand, this study systematically compared the characteristics and production performance of the fawn strain with Kangda No. 1, the Ira strain, and the Flanders. The results are shown in Tables 11-13.

[0103] Through the comparison of characteristics and production performance, it can be seen that the line of hemp meat rabbits has obvious advantages in seed production efficiency and utilization of hybrid advantages; the commercial generation of hemp meat rabbits are all hemp-colored with high consistency, the fur is dense and smooth, and the fur has high added value. Large-scale commercial production can provide batches of high-quality hemp-colored skins with stable and consistent quality, and the market prospects are good; the parent generation of hemp meat rabbits in the matching line has strong continuous reproductive capacity, provides a large number of weaned rabbits each year, and the commercial generation grows fast, consumes less feed, has strong adaptability, and has a high survival rate.

[0104] Table 11 Comparison results of variety characteristics

[0105]

[0106] Table 12 Comparison of reproductive performance of the parental generation (unit: individual, g, fetus, %)

[0107]

[0108] Table 13 Comparison of performance of commodity production (unit: piece, g, %)

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding a line of hemp-colored meat rabbits, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Using Kangda E and Kangda 5 lines as breeding materials, the M line was obtained through hybridization, backcrossing, cross-crossing and coat color purification; Using Kangda D line and Kangda 2 line as breeding materials, 8 lines were obtained through hybridization, backcrossing and cross-crossing; Using Kangda 1 line as the maternal parent and the 8 line as the maternal parent, the terminal maternal line was obtained by hybridization; The M line is used as the terminal paternal line and is hybridized with the terminal maternal line to obtain commercial generation hemp meat rabbits; The phenotypic characteristics of the M lineage include: the coat is hemp-colored, and the hair fibers on the head, neck, back, sides of the body, outer sides of the limbs and back of the tail are similar in color to those of wild rabbit hair fibers, with the base of the hair fibers being light gray, the middle part being slightly lighter in color, the tips of the hair being darker, and interspersed with black gun hair; the hair behind the ears, under the neck, and in the groin is lighter in color, straw yellow; the hair on the lower jaw, inner sides of the limbs, soles of the feet, abdomen, and ventral side of the tail is white; the ears are broad and erect, with shiny black hair edges on the tips of the ears; the head is large and the forehead is broad, The chest is broad and deep, the back and waist are straight, the limbs are strong, and the legs and hip muscles are well-developed, showing a typical meat-producing body shape; the eyeballs are brown, the skin is brown-yellow, and some parts are dark gray; there are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples, the average number of live pups born is 8.0 to 8.6, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is over 1000g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.3 to 6.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.2 to 5.8kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 48 to 54cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40cm. Phenotypic characteristics of the eight lines include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, large, erect ears, well-proportioned body structure, well-developed forequarters, midsection, and hindquarters, a strong physique, robust limbs, and thickly furred legs; 4-5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, and strong sustained reproductive capacity; an average live birth size of 10.2-10.8 pups, and an average weaning weight of over 1000g at 35 days of age; adult weights of male rabbits of 5.2-5.7kg and female rabbits of 5.0-5.4kg; adult body length of 44-52cm, with a chest circumference of 35-39cm; Phenotypic characteristics of the Kangda 1 line include: pure white coat, neat head shape, pink eyes, medium-sized, erect ears, well-proportioned body structure, well-developed mid- and hindquarters, strong limbs, long back and waist, and a solid physique; 4-5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive capacity, and long lifespan; average live birth number of 9.6-10.2 pups, average weaning weight of over 970g at 35 days of age; adult weight of male rabbits 4.6-5.0kg, adult weight of female rabbits 4.4-4.9kg; adult body length 40-48cm, chest circumference 34-38cm; The phenotypic characteristics of the terminal maternal line include: white coat, neat head shape, symmetrical structure, deep back and long waist, and well-developed mid-hindquarters; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive capacity, and long service life; the average number of live piglets born is 10.0 to 10.5; the adult weight of the female rabbit is 4.5 to 4.8 kg, the body length is 42 to 50 cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40 cm.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phenotypic characteristics of the commercial generation of hemp meat rabbits include: hemp coat; symmetrical body structure, plump muscles, and strong physique; weaning weight of more than 1000g at 35 days of age; market weight of more than 2500g at 70 days of age; feed-to-weight ratio of 2.95-3.00 during the fattening period of 35-70 days of age; semi-eviscerated slaughter rate of 53.0%-54.0%; and fully eviscerated slaughter rate of 49.0%-50.0%.

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