Gas storage three-dimensional model, manufacturing method thereof, simulation experiment device and experiment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas storage three-dimensional model, a manufacturing method thereof, a simulation experiment device and an experiment method, and the device comprises a clamping device which is internally provided with a confining pressure cavity; the reservoir body is used for simulating a real reservoir, and the reservoir body is located in the confining pressure cavity; the surrounding rock simulation layer covers the reservoir body and is positioned in the confining pressure cavity; the at least one injection-production simulation well penetrates through the holder and the surrounding rock simulation layer and is communicated with the reservoir body; and the at least one monitoring simulation well penetrates through the holder and is communicated into the surrounding rock simulation layer. The stress of the surrounding rock simulation layer and the stress of the reservoir body in the injection-production process are mutually restricted and mutually influenced, so that the influence of surrounding rock can be considered, the underground gas storage can be simulated more truly, and the underground gas storage can be simulated more truly; by arranging the monitoring simulation well extending into the surrounding rock simulation layer, pressure monitoring on the surrounding rock simulation layer can be achieved, whether leakage happens to the surrounding rock simulation layer or not is judged, and the sealing performance of the surrounding rock layer in the operation process of the gas storage is accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and in particular to a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir and a manufacturing method thereof, a simulation experiment device and an experiment method. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] As an efficient green energy, natural gas plays a key role in energy transformation. In recent years, natural gas consumption has grown rapidly at a double-digit rate, with more obvious seasonal and regional differences. Underground gas storage, as a natural gas "granary" and giant energy battery, has played a major strategic and practical role in responding to emergencies such as extreme cold weather, ensuring economic development and social stability.

[0004] There is a big difference between the construction of gas storage and the development of gas reservoirs. The evaluation of the surrounding rock (cap rock, bottom support layer) is crucial to the sealing of the gas storage. Therefore, the influence of the surrounding rock must be considered when constructing the gas storage. The underground reservoir refers to a stratum with high permeability and porosity that can store gas. It is generally a depleted oil and gas reservoir after exploitation. There are cap rocks, bottom support layers, etc. (surrounding rocks) around the gas reservoir. Its permeability and porosity are extremely low, and gas cannot pass through. It is equivalent to protecting the reservoir, so that the gas will not diffuse to other strata. Generally, there will be no leakage during the development of gas reservoirs. However, during the operation of the gas storage, the operation of the gas storage is faster than that of the gas reservoir development. In order to ensure emergency supply, half of the reserves in the gas storage must be produced in three months. The injection and production speed is 20 to 25 times that of normal gas reservoir development. Under such strong alternating conditions, whether the sealing of the surrounding rock around the reservoir will fail needs to be experimentally demonstrated.

[0005] The simulation experimental device of the prior art simulates the confining pressure, but does not set the surrounding rock. The inventors found that in the actual underground environment, the surrounding rock (cap rock, bottom supporting layer) is crucial to the evaluation of the sealing performance of the gas storage reservoir. Therefore, the simulation experimental device of the prior art does not consider the impact of the actual underground surrounding rock on the gas storage reservoir, and the simulation effect is not good. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir and a production method thereof, a three-dimensional simulation experimental device and an experimental method for a gas storage reservoir, so as to solve the technical problem that the simulation experimental device in the prior art does not take into account the influence of the actual underground surrounding rock on the gas storage reservoir and the simulation effect is poor.

[0007] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir, comprising: a clamp having a confining pressure cavity inside; a reservoir body used to simulate a real reservoir, the reservoir body being located in the confining pressure cavity; a surrounding rock simulation layer covering the reservoir body and being located in the confining pressure cavity; at least one injection and production simulation well penetrating the clamp and the surrounding rock simulation layer and communicating with the reservoir body; and at least one monitoring simulation well penetrating the clamp and entering the surrounding rock simulation layer.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir also includes an elastic layer and a confining pressure injection pipe, the elastic layer is coated on the surrounding rock simulation layer, and one end of the confining pressure injection pipe passes through the clamp and extends into the gap between the elastic layer and the clamp.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the surrounding rock simulation layer is spherically coated on the reservoir body, and the clamp is spherically clamped on the surrounding rock simulation layer.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the injection and production simulation wells is multiple, and the injection and production simulation wells are injection and production pipes made of high-temperature and high-pressure materials.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple monitoring simulation wells, and the monitoring simulation wells are monitoring pipes made of high-temperature and high-pressure materials.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for making a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir, which is used to make the above-mentioned three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir, comprising the following steps: making an artificial reservoir core according to the shape and pore structure of a real reservoir, wherein the artificial reservoir core forms the reservoir body; or taking out a real reservoir core from the real reservoir, wherein the real reservoir core forms the reservoir body; making an artificial surrounding rock layer core on the reservoir body according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer, and making the artificial surrounding rock layer core cover the reservoir body, thereby forming the surrounding rock simulation layer; wherein the At least one injection and production channel and at least one monitoring channel are reserved on the surrounding rock simulation layer; one end of at least one injection and production pipe is extended from at least one injection and production channel to the vicinity of the reservoir to form at least one injection and production simulation well; one end of at least one monitoring pipe is extended from at least one monitoring channel into the surrounding rock simulation layer to form at least one monitoring simulation well; the surrounding rock simulation layer with the reservoir inside is placed in the confining pressure cavity of the clamp, and the other end of the injection and production pipe and the other end of the monitoring pipe are extended from the injection and production hole and the monitoring hole set on the clamp.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the artificial reservoir core is prepared according to the shape and pore structure of the real reservoir, comprising the following steps: obtaining the shape characteristics of the real reservoir and the distribution characteristics of small faults and large caves; determining the shape of the artificial reservoir core according to the shape characteristics of the real reservoir; scanning the pore structure of the real reservoir core taken out of the real reservoir, and performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structure of the real reservoir core to obtain a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the real reservoir core; and converting the three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the real reservoir core into a three-dimensional data body according to the shape of the artificial reservoir core. The artificial reservoir core is spliced ​​into the shape of the artificial reservoir core and enlarged in proportion to obtain a first three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core; according to the distribution characteristics of small fractures and caves, a three-dimensional data body of small fractures and caves that are proportionally reduced is inserted into the first three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core to obtain a second three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core having a triple medium of pores, caves and fractures; according to the second three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core, the artificial reservoir core is replicated in proportion by 3D printing, laser engraving or sandstone cementation artificial core, so that the artificial reservoir core forms the reservoir body.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the real surrounding rock layer includes an overburden layer covering the real reservoir layer and a supporting layer located below the real reservoir layer; the preparation of an artificial surrounding rock layer core on the reservoir body according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer includes the following steps: obtaining the distribution characteristics of faults and cracks existing in the overburden layer and the supporting layer; scanning the pore structures of the overburden layer core and the supporting layer core taken out of the supporting layer, performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structures of the overburden layer core and the supporting layer core, and obtaining a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the overburden layer core and a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the supporting layer core; and The three-dimensional data volume of the pore structure of the surrounding rock layer core and the three-dimensional data volume of the pore structure of the bottom supporting layer core are spliced ​​into a sphere and enlarged in proportion to obtain a first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core; according to the distribution characteristics of the faults and cracks, the three-dimensional data volumes of the proportionally reduced faults and cracks are inserted into the first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core to obtain a second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core; according to the second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core, the artificial surrounding rock layer core is proportionally replicated on the reservoir body by 3D printing, laser engraving or sandstone cemented artificial core, so as to form the surrounding rock simulation layer covering the reservoir body.

[0016] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir, comprising: the above-mentioned three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir; a constant temperature box, in which the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir is placed; an injection-production mechanism, comprising an injection structure and a production structure connected to the injection-production simulation well; a confining pressure application mechanism, connected to the surrounding rock cavity; and a first pressure monitoring structure, used to monitor the pressure of the monitoring simulation well.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the injection structure includes a natural gas tank, a formation water tank and an injection pump, and the injection pump can inject the natural gas provided by the natural gas tank and / or the water provided by the formation water tank from the injection and production simulation well into the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the injection structure and the production structure are both connected to the injection and production simulation well through an injection and production control valve, and the production structure includes a first production pipeline, a second production pipeline and a fluid recovery container, the input end of the first production pipeline is connected to at least one of the injection and production simulation wells, the output end of the first production pipeline is connected to the fluid recovery container, the input end of the second production pipeline is connected to at least another injection and production simulation well through the injection and production control valve, and the output end of the second production pipeline is connected to the fluid recovery container through the first production pipeline; a second pressure monitoring structure is provided on the injection and production control valve.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first mass flow meter is provided between the injection and production control valve and the injection and production simulation well; a second mass flow meter is provided between the first production pipeline and the fluid recovery container; or a third pressure monitoring structure and a back pressure pump are provided between the first production pipeline and the fluid recovery container.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present invention, the confining pressure applying mechanism includes a confining pressure pump, which is connected to the confining pressure chamber through a confining pressure injection pipe. The output end of the confining pressure pump is provided with a fourth pressure monitoring structure, and the fourth pressure monitoring structure is used to monitor the confining pressure applied by the confining pressure applying mechanism.

[0021] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional simulation experimental method for a gas storage reservoir, which adopts the above-mentioned three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir, and the experimental method comprises the following steps: detecting the sealing performance of the three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir; the confining pressure applying mechanism slowly pressurizes the pressure of the confining pressure chamber to the formation pressure; the injection structure injects water and natural gas from the injection and production simulation well into the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir until the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir reaches the state before the gas storage reservoir is built; the injection and production mechanism performs multiple cycles of injection and production of gas, and the first pressure monitoring structure monitors the pressure changes of the monitoring simulation well during the injection and production of gas; according to the pressure changes of the monitoring simulation well, the parameters of the injection and production mechanism are optimized; wherein the optimized parameters include one or more of the injection rate, injection pressure, gas production rate, gas production pressure and injection and production mode.

[0022] The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] The three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir of the present invention, by coating the surrounding rock simulation layer on the reservoir body and placing the surrounding rock simulation layer together in the confining pressure chamber of the clamp, so that the reservoir body is used to simulate the underground reservoir that can store gas, and the surrounding rock simulation layer simulates the surrounding rock layer that can prevent gas leakage, thereby achieving a more realistic simulation of the underground gas storage reservoir; by setting a monitoring simulation well extending into the surrounding rock simulation layer, it is possible to monitor the pressure of the surrounding rock simulation layer, judge whether the surrounding rock simulation layer leaks, and accurately evaluate the sealing property of the surrounding rock layer during the operation of the gas storage reservoir.

[0024] The method for making a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir of the present invention first makes a reservoir body, and then makes an artificial surrounding rock layer core directly on the reservoir body according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer, thereby forming a surrounding rock simulation layer covering the reservoir body, and ensuring that the surrounding rock simulation layer and the reservoir body are connected as a whole, rather than two separated parts, so that the stresses of the surrounding rock simulation layer and the reservoir body are mutually restricted and influence each other during the injection and production process, thereby taking into account the influence of the surrounding rock and realizing a more realistic simulation of the underground gas storage reservoir.

[0025] The three-dimensional simulation experimental device and experimental method of the gas storage reservoir of the present invention utilize the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir to conduct simulation experiments. On the one hand, the influence of the surrounding rock layer on the gas storage reservoir can be truly considered when conducting the injection and production seepage simulation of the gas storage reservoir. On the other hand, the pressure of the monitoring simulation well can be monitored through the first pressure monitoring structure to determine whether the surrounding rock simulation layer leaks, thereby evaluating the sealing performance of the gas storage reservoir during the high-speed injection and production process. On the other hand, the injection mechanism parameters can be optimized according to the pressure changes of the monitoring simulation well during the injection and production period, thereby simulating the optimization of the optimal injection and production gas volume and injection and production pressure under the condition that the surrounding rock layer will not leak, providing a theoretical basis for the storage capacity parameter design of the gas storage reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 100. Three-dimensional model of gas storage; 1. Reservoir; 2. Surrounding rock simulation layer; 3. Elastic layer; 4. Clamp; 5. Injection and production simulation well; 5', injection and production simulation well; 6. Monitoring simulation well; 7. Confining pressure injection pipe;

[0032] 8. Injection pump; 9. Natural gas tank; 10. Formation water tank; 11. Injection and production control valve; 12. First production pipeline;

[0033] 13. Second extraction pipeline; 14. Fluid recovery container; 15. Back pressure pump; 16. First pressure monitoring structure;

[0034] 17. Second pressure monitoring structure; 18. Third pressure monitoring structure; 19. Fourth pressure monitoring structure; 20. Confining pressure pump; 21. First mass flow meter; 22. Second mass flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Implementation Method 1

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional model 100 of a gas storage reservoir, comprising: a clamp 4 having a confining pressure cavity inside; a reservoir body 1 for simulating a real reservoir, the reservoir body 1 being located in the confining pressure cavity; a surrounding rock simulation layer 2, covering the reservoir body 1 and being located in the confining pressure cavity; at least one injection and production simulation well 5, penetrating the clamp 4 and the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 and being the same as the reservoir body 1; and at least one monitoring simulation well 6, penetrating the clamp 4 and entering the surrounding rock simulation layer 2.

[0038] The three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir of the present invention, by coating the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 on the reservoir body 1 and placing them together in the confining pressure chamber of the clamp 4, uses the reservoir body 1 to simulate the underground reservoir that can store gas, and the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 simulates the surrounding rock layer that can prevent gas leakage, thereby achieving a more realistic simulation of the underground gas storage reservoir; by setting a monitoring simulation well 6 extending into the surrounding rock simulation layer 2, it is possible to monitor the pressure of the surrounding rock simulation layer 2, determine whether the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 leaks, and accurately evaluate the sealing property of the surrounding rock layer during the operation of the gas storage reservoir.

[0039] Specifically, the shape of the reservoir 1 may not be specifically limited, and may be set according to the shape of the actual reservoir, and the shape factors η of the two may be similar. The expression of the shape factor η is η=b / a, where b is the height dimension and a is the length dimension. In some embodiments of the present invention, the reservoir 1 is generally in the shape of a cube with a side length of 10cm-30cm. In other embodiments of the present invention, the reservoir 1 is generally in the shape of an ellipsoid. The injection and production simulation well 5 is the same as the reservoir 1, which means that the bottom of the injection and production simulation well 5 is in contact with the surface of the reservoir 1 and is directly connected to the pore structure of the reservoir 1, and may also directly extend into the interior of the reservoir 1.

[0040] The pore structure of the reservoir body 1 is made according to the pore structure of the real reservoir. The reservoir body 1 can use an artificial reservoir core with the same pore structure as the real reservoir. On the one hand, it can avoid the difficulty in obtaining a real reservoir core with the pore structure to be studied from the real reservoir during actual coring, especially for fracture-cavity reservoirs, where large fractures and caves cannot be obtained; on the other hand, since only cylindrical cores with a diameter of about 5cm-6cm can be obtained from the real reservoir, it is impossible to make a larger reservoir body 1 for experiment. Of course, when the model size required by the experiment is not too large, a real reservoir core taken from a real reservoir can also be used as the reservoir body 1. The material for making the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 is selected according to the properties of the covering layer and the bottom supporting layer of the gas storage reservoir, including but not limited to gypsum, and the pore structure of the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 is made according to the pore structure of the covering layer and the bottom supporting layer. The specific production method of the reservoir body 1 and the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 is described in Implementation Method 2, which will not be described in detail here.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir further includes an elastic layer 3 and a confining pressure injection pipe 7, wherein the elastic layer 3 is coated on the surrounding rock simulation layer 2, and the confining pressure injection pipe 7 is connected to the gap between the elastic layer 3 and the clamp 4. Liquid is injected into the gap between the elastic layer 3 and the clamp 4 through the confining pressure injection pipe 7, thereby applying confining pressure to the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 and the reservoir body 1 in the confining pressure cavity.

[0042] Specifically, the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 is spherically coated on the reservoir 1, and the clamp 4 is spherically clamped on the surrounding rock simulation layer 2. By setting the confining pressure simulation layer and the clamp 4 to be spherical, the three-dimensional loading of the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 in the confining pressure cavity is achieved, and the formation stress is more realistically restored, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of the simulation experiment results. After the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 coats the reservoir 1, the whole is generally a sphere with a diameter of 1m. The elastic layer 3 is made of an elastic material resistant to high temperature and high pressure, for example, the elastic layer 3 can be a rubber sleeve.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of injection and production simulation wells 5 is multiple, and the injection and production simulation wells 5 are injection and production pipes made of high-temperature and high-pressure materials (such as steel). By setting up multiple injection and production simulation wells 5, simulations of different injection and production modes such as one injection and one production, simultaneous injection and simultaneous production, and one injection and multiple production can be realized. The number of monitoring simulation wells 6 is multiple, and the monitoring simulation wells 6 are monitoring pipes made of high-temperature and high-pressure materials (such as steel). By setting up multiple monitoring simulation wells 6, the sealing at different positions in the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 can be monitored during the injection and production process. Specifically, the number of injection and production simulation wells 5 is four, and the four injection and production simulation wells 5 are evenly distributed around the reservoir 1 along the circumferential interval of the reservoir 1. The clamp 4 is provided with injection and production holes for the injection and production pipes to extend from the confining pressure chamber. The number of monitoring simulation wells 6 is four. The clamp 4 is provided with monitoring holes for monitoring the pipes to extend from the confining pressure chamber. The injection and production holes and the injection and production pipes, as well as the monitoring holes and the monitoring pipes, can be fixed on the clamp 4 by threaded connection.

[0044] Implementation Method 2

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention also provides a method for making a three-dimensional model 100 of a gas storage reservoir, which is used to make the three-dimensional model 100 of a gas storage reservoir, and includes the following steps: making an artificial reservoir core according to the shape and pore structure of the real reservoir, and the artificial reservoir core forms a reservoir body 1; or taking a real reservoir core from the real reservoir, and the real reservoir core forms a reservoir body 1; making an artificial surrounding rock layer core on the reservoir body 1 according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer, and making the artificial surrounding rock layer core cover the reservoir body 1, thereby forming a surrounding rock simulation layer 2; wherein, At least one injection and production channel and at least one monitoring channel are reserved on the surrounding rock simulation layer 2; one end of at least one injection and production pipe is extended from at least one injection and production channel to the periphery of the reservoir 1 to form at least one injection and production simulation well 5; one end of at least one monitoring pipe is extended from at least one monitoring channel into the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 to form at least one monitoring simulation well 6; the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 with the reservoir 1 inside is placed in the confining pressure cavity of the clamp 4, and the other end of the injection and production pipe and the other end of the monitoring pipe are extended from the injection and production hole and the monitoring hole set on the clamp 4. The specific structure, working principle and beneficial effects of the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir in this embodiment are the same as those of the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0046] The method for making the three-dimensional model 100 of a gas storage reservoir of the present invention is to first make a reservoir body 1, and then directly cement an artificial surrounding rock layer core on the reservoir body 1 according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer, thereby forming a surrounding rock simulation layer 2 that covers the reservoir body 1, and ensure that the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 and the reservoir body 1 are connected as a whole, rather than two separated parts, so that the stresses of the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 and the reservoir body 1 are mutually restricted and influence each other during the injection and production process, thereby taking into account the influence of the surrounding rock and achieving a more realistic simulation of the underground gas storage reservoir.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, an artificial reservoir core is prepared according to the shape and pore structure of a real reservoir, comprising the following steps: obtaining the shape characteristics of the real reservoir and the distribution characteristics of small faults and large karst caves; determining the shape of the artificial reservoir core according to the shape characteristics of the real reservoir; scanning the pore structure of the real reservoir core taken out of the real reservoir, and performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structure of the real reservoir core to obtain a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the real reservoir core; and performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structure of the real reservoir core according to the shape of the artificial reservoir core. The artificial reservoir core is spliced ​​into the shape of the artificial reservoir core and enlarged in proportion to obtain a first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial reservoir core; according to the distribution characteristics of small faults and caves, the three-dimensional data volume of small faults and caves that are proportionally reduced is inserted into the first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial reservoir core to obtain a second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial reservoir core with triple media of pores, caves and fractures; according to the second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial reservoir core, the artificial reservoir core is proportionally replicated and produced by 3D printing, laser engraving or sandstone cementation artificial core, so that the artificial reservoir core forms a reservoir body 1.

[0048] Among them, the shape characteristics of the real reservoir and the distribution characteristics of small faults and large karst caves can be obtained through the three-dimensional seismic interpretation of the gas reservoir. The pore structure of the real reservoir core can be scanned by micrometer CT, nanometer CT, and focused ion beam scanning electron microscope FIB-SEMCT, and then the pore structure of the real reservoir core is three-dimensionally modeled by digital core software or self-programming to obtain a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the real reservoir core. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core is a three-dimensional data body of a cube-shaped artificial core, and the side length can be 10cm-30cm. In addition, if the physical properties of the real reservoir are good and relatively homogeneous, fractures and caves can be ignored, that is, there is no need to insert a proportionally reduced three-dimensional data body of small faults and karst caves into the first three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core to obtain the second three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core, and the artificial reservoir core, that is, reservoir body 1, can be directly produced by proportionally replicating the first three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core through the method of artificial core.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the real surrounding rock layer includes an overburden layer covering the real reservoir layer and a supporting layer located below the real reservoir layer; an artificial surrounding rock layer core is prepared on the reservoir body 1 according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer, comprising the following steps: obtaining the distribution characteristics of faults and cracks in the overburden layer and the supporting layer; scanning the pore structures of the overburden layer core and the supporting layer core taken out of the supporting layer, performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structures of the overburden layer core and the supporting layer core, obtaining a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the overburden layer core and a three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the supporting layer core; and The three-dimensional data volume of the structure and the three-dimensional data volume of the pore structure of the bottom supporting layer core are spliced ​​into a sphere and enlarged in proportion to obtain a first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core; according to the distribution characteristics of the faults and cracks, the three-dimensional data volumes of the faults and cracks that are proportionally reduced are inserted into the first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core to obtain a second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core; according to the second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock layer core, an artificial surrounding rock layer core is proportionally replicated on the reservoir body 1 by 3D printing, laser engraving or sandstone cementation artificial core, thereby forming a surrounding rock simulation layer 2 covering the reservoir body 1.

[0050] Among them, the distribution characteristics of faults and cracks in the overburden and supporting layers can be obtained through comprehensive 3D seismic interpretation and logging interpretation results. Micrometer CT, nanometer CT, and focused ion beam scanning electron microscope FIB-SEMCT can be used to scan the pore structure of the overburden core and the supporting layer core, and then the pore structure of the overburden core and the supporting layer core can be 3D modeled through digital core software or self-programming to obtain the 3D data volume of the pore structure of the overburden core and the 3D data volume of the pore structure of the supporting layer core.

[0051] Implementation Method 3

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir, comprising: a three-dimensional model 100 of a gas storage reservoir; a constant temperature box, in which the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir is placed; an injection and production mechanism, including an injection structure and a production structure connected to the injection and production simulation well; a confining pressure applying mechanism, which is connected to the surrounding rock cavity; and a first pressure monitoring structure 16, which is used to monitor the pressure of the monitoring simulation well 6. The specific structure, working principle and beneficial effects of the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir in this embodiment are the same as those of the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] Among them, the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir is used to simulate a gas storage reservoir with a surrounding rock layer; the constant temperature box is used to keep the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir in a high temperature state to simulate the high temperature state of the real formation; the confining pressure applying mechanism is used to inject liquid into the confining pressure cavity, thereby applying confining pressure around the surrounding rock simulation layer 2, and truly simulating the influence of the surrounding rock confining pressure on the reservoir; the injection structure and the production structure are connected to the injection and production simulation well 5 and / or the injection and production simulation well 5', so as to perform injection and production simulation on the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir; the pressure of the monitoring simulation well 6 is monitored by the first pressure monitoring structure 16 to realize the pressure monitoring of the surrounding rock simulation layer 2; the pressure in the injection and production simulation well 5 is monitored by the second pressure monitoring structure 17 to realize the pressure monitoring of the reservoir body 1.

[0054] The three-dimensional simulation experiment device of the gas storage reservoir of the present invention uses the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir to carry out simulation experiments. On the one hand, it can truly consider the impact of the surrounding rock layer on the gas storage reservoir when conducting the injection and production seepage simulation of the gas storage reservoir. On the other hand, it can monitor the pressure of the monitoring simulation well 6 through the first pressure monitoring structure 16 to determine whether the surrounding rock simulation layer 2 leaks, thereby evaluating the sealing performance of the gas storage reservoir during the high-speed injection and production process. On the other hand, it can optimize the parameters of the injection and production mechanism according to the pressure changes of the monitoring simulation well 6 and the pressure changes of the injection and production simulation well 5 during the injection and production of gas, so as to simulate and obtain the optimal injection and production speed and injection and production pressure under the condition that the surrounding rock layer will not leak, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the storage capacity parameter design of the gas storage reservoir.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the injection-production mechanism includes a plurality of control valves installed on a plurality of injection-production pipes to control a plurality of injection-production simulation wells 5 and injection-production simulation wells 5' to form different injection-production modes. Taking the four injection-production simulation wells of this embodiment as an example, the injection-production modes include simultaneous injection and simultaneous production, one injection and one production, two injections and two productions, three injections and one production, and one injection and three productions.

[0056] The injection structure includes a natural gas tank, a formation water tank 10 and an injection pump 8. The injection pump 8 can inject the natural gas provided by the natural gas tank and / or the water provided by the formation water tank 10 from the injection and production simulation well 5 into the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir. The injection structure is connected to the injection and production simulation well 5 through the injection and production control valve 11. The production structure includes a first production pipeline 12, a second production pipeline 13 and a fluid recovery container 14. The input end of the first production pipeline 12 is connected to at least one injection and production simulation well 5', the output end of the first production pipeline 12 is connected to the fluid recovery container 14, the input end of the second production pipeline 13 is connected to at least another injection and production simulation well 5 through the injection and production control valve 11, and the output end of the second production pipeline 13 is connected to the fluid recovery container 14 through the first production pipeline 12; a second pressure monitoring structure 17 is provided on the injection and production control valve 11. The natural gas tank 9 is controlled to be connected to the injection and production simulation well 5 by the injection and production control valve 11, so that the natural gas is injected from the injection and production simulation well 5 into the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir. The formation water tank 10 is controlled to be connected to the injection and production simulation well 5 by the injection and production control valve 11, so that water is injected from the injection and production simulation well 5 into the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir. The fluid recovery container 14 is used to recover the fluid flowing out of the first production pipeline 12 during the injection and production process. The monitoring of the injection and production pressure is realized by setting the second pressure monitoring structure 17.

[0057] Specifically, the injection pump 8 is connected to the natural gas tank 9 and the formation water tank 10 respectively, and the natural gas tank 9 and the formation water tank 10 are connected to the two ports of the injection and production control valve 11 respectively through pipelines. The injection and production control valve 11 also has two other ports connected to the injection and production simulation well 5 and the second production pipeline 13 respectively. When one injection and one production or multiple injections and multiple productions are performed, one or more injection and production simulation wells 5 are connected to the injection structure through the injection and production control valve 11 to form one or more injection wells, and one or more injection and production simulation wells 5' are connected to the first production pipeline 12 to form one or more production wells. When performing simultaneous injection and simultaneous production, during injection, an injection and production simulation well 5 is connected to the injection structure through the injection and production control valve 11, and during production, the same injection and production simulation well 5 is connected to the second production pipeline 13 through the injection and production control valve 11.

[0058] In addition, a first mass flowmeter 21 is provided between the injection and production control valve 11 and the injection and production simulation well 5 to control the injection speed of the injection structure. In one embodiment of the present invention, a second mass flowmeter 22 is provided between the first production pipeline 12 and the fluid recovery container 14 to control the production speed. By controlling the gas production speed, the purpose of constant-speed gas production can be achieved, and the production speed can also be changed at any time. In another embodiment of the present invention, a third pressure monitoring structure 18 and a back-pressure pump 15 are provided between the first production pipeline 12 and the fluid recovery container 14 to form a preset pressure at the production end, thereby controlling the gas production pressure to achieve the purpose of constant-pressure gas production, and the production pressure can also be changed at any time.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the confining pressure applying mechanism includes a confining pressure pump 20, which is connected to the confining pressure chamber through a confining pressure injection pipe 7. A fourth pressure monitoring structure 19 is provided at the output end of the confining pressure pump 20, and the fourth pressure monitoring structure 19 is used to monitor the confining pressure applied by the confining pressure applying mechanism.

[0060] Among them, the first pressure monitoring structure 16 includes a plurality of first pressure gauges installed on a plurality of monitoring pipe fittings. The second pressure monitoring structure 17 includes a second pressure gauge installed on the injection and production control valve 11. The third pressure monitoring structure 18 includes a third pressure gauge installed between the back pressure pump 15 and the first production pipeline 12. The fourth pressure monitoring structure 19 includes a fourth pressure gauge installed on the confining pressure injection pipe 7. In addition, the three-dimensional simulation experimental device of the gas storage reservoir also includes a fifth pressure monitoring structure, and the fifth pressure monitoring structure includes a plurality of fifth pressure gauges installed on a plurality of injection and production pipe fittings, so as to realize the pressure monitoring of different positions of the reservoir body 1 by monitoring the pressure of different injection and production pipe fittings. The first pressure gauge, the second pressure gauge, the third pressure gauge, the fourth pressure gauge and the fifth pressure gauge are all electrically connected to the processing terminal, and the pressure monitoring signals obtained by the first pressure gauge, the second pressure gauge, the third pressure gauge, the fourth pressure gauge and the fifth pressure gauge are processed by the processing terminal to generate pressure information.

[0061] Implementation Method 4

[0062] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a three-dimensional simulation experimental method for a gas storage reservoir, using a three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir. The three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir in this embodiment has the same specific structure, working principle and beneficial effects as the three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir in Implementation Example 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0063] The three-dimensional simulation experimental method of the gas storage reservoir of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step S1, detecting the sealing performance of the three-dimensional simulation experimental device of the gas storage reservoir.

[0065] Specifically, the purpose of checking the sealing is to check whether the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir and the injection and production mechanism are well connected and whether there are any leaks. Preferably, the method for checking the sealing is: first, add confining pressure to the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir to a first preset pressure, and then inject gas of a second preset pressure into each connecting pipeline of the injection and production mechanism and the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir. After the pressure is balanced, close the injection and production control valve 11, and observe whether the pressure of each pressure gauge changes. If it changes, it means that there is a leak. Check the sealing of each part one by one and correct it. Among them, the first preset pressure can be 2MPa-3MPa higher than the second preset pressure. For example, the first preset pressure can be 5MPa, and the second preset pressure can be 3MPa.

[0066] Step S2: The confining pressure applying mechanism slowly increases the pressure of the confining pressure chamber to the formation pressure.

[0067] Specifically, liquid (such as water) is injected into the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir 100 using a confining pressure pump 20 and pressurized to the formation pressure, such as 20 MPa, which serves to simulate the original pressure of the formation far from the gas storage reservoir.

[0068] Step S3: The injection structure injects formation water and natural gas from the injection-production simulation well 5 into the reservoir body 1 until the reservoir body 1 reaches the state before the gas storage reservoir is built.

[0069] Specifically, water and natural gas are injected to make the gas storage three-dimensional model 100 reach the state before the construction of the gas reservoir in the late stage of gas reservoir development. The purpose is: the gas storage is generally a depleted oil and gas reservoir before the construction of the gas reservoir. If it is a gas reservoir, there will be residual natural gas and formation water. Therefore, in order to restore the initial state before injection and production, natural gas and water need to be injected. The method for judging whether the gas storage three-dimensional model 100 has reached the state before the construction of the gas reservoir in the late stage of gas reservoir development is: first inject water to saturate the reservoir body 1 with water, inject gas in a one-injection-one-production manner until no water is produced, and continue to inject gas until the pressure is consistent with the pressure of the oil and gas reservoir before the construction of the gas reservoir, which is generally 2MPa-3MPa, and stop injecting gas after the pressure stabilizes.

[0070] Step S4: the injection structure and the production structure perform multiple cycles of gas injection and production, and the first pressure monitoring structure 16 monitors the pressure change of the injection and production simulation well 5 during the gas injection and production period.

[0071] The specific gas injection method is: connect the natural gas tank 9 and an injection and production simulation well 5 through the injection and production control valve 11, make the injection and production simulation well 5 as an injection well, and then use the injection pump 8 to inject natural gas into the reservoir 1, select constant pressure injection or use the first mass flowmeter 21 to control the injection speed and inject at a constant speed, until the injection pressure is 2MPa-3MPa lower than the original formation pressure, stop the injection, and monitor the pressure changes at the wellhead of the injection and production simulation well 5 serving as the injection well and the wellheads of multiple other injection and production simulation wells 5'. When the gas diffuses through the reservoir 1 to the wellheads of multiple other injection and production simulation wells 5', that is, the pressure at the wellhead of the injection and production simulation well 5 decreases and the pressure at the wellheads of multiple other injection and production simulation wells 5' increases, continue the injection until the pressure of the entire reservoir 1 is stable.

[0072] If the injection and production method is adopted, then during gas production, the injection and production simulation well 5 and the second production pipeline 13 are connected through the injection and production control valve 11, so that gas is produced from the injection and production simulation well 5 through the second production pipeline 13, and the back pressure pump 15 is used to produce gas at a constant pressure, or the second mass flowmeter 22 is used to control the production speed for gas production; if the injection and production method is adopted, then during gas production, the control valve on the injection and production simulation well 5' connected to the first production pipeline 12 is opened to produce gas; in addition, during the injection and production of gas, the first pressure monitoring structure 16 is used to monitor the pressure of the confining pressure simulation layer in real time, and the first mass flowmeter 21 is used to monitor the injection speed and injection volume in real time, and the second mass flowmeter 22 is used to monitor the gas production speed and production volume.

[0073] Step S5, optimizing the parameters of the injection and production mechanism according to the pressure change of the monitoring simulation well 6. The optimized parameters include one or more of the injection speed, injection pressure, gas production speed, gas production pressure and injection and production mode.

[0074] The specific parameter optimization examples are as follows:

[0075] In one embodiment, the optimized parameters are the gas injection rate and the gas injection pressure: using the first mass flow meter 21, different gas injection rates and gas injection pressures are designed for experiments, and the pressure values ​​of the injection and production simulation wells 5 around the reservoir 1 are recorded. When the pressure value does not exceed the original formation pressure and the monitoring simulation well 6 does not detect the sealing failure of the surrounding rock simulation layer 2, the optimal gas injection rate and gas injection pressure are selected to quickly fill the gas storage reservoir;

[0076] In another embodiment, the optimized parameters of gas production speed and gas production pressure: experiments are conducted under different gas production speeds and / or gas production pressures to select the optimal gas production speed and gas production pressure, which can ensure that the gas storage reservoir has a long stable production time and can meet a larger gas production demand;

[0077] In another embodiment, the optimization parameter is the injection-production mode: different injection-production simulation wells 5 and injection-production simulation wells 5' are combined to inject and produce gas, and a method that can achieve a rapid injection-production effect is selected. In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional model 100 of the gas storage reservoir has four injection-production simulation wells, which respectively perform different injection-production modes, such as one injection and one production, two injections and two productions, one injection and three productions, and the same injection and production, etc., to select a method that can achieve a rapid injection-production effect.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the injection and production speed is controlled to achieve constant injection and production speed. Figure 3As shown, in another embodiment, it is to control the injection and production pressure to achieve constant pressure injection and production. Among them, when the control valve on the injection and production simulation well 5' connected to the first production pipeline 12 is opened, and the second production pipeline 13 and the injection and production control valve 11 are disconnected, it is an injection and production mode of one injection and one production; when the control valve on the injection and production simulation well 5' connected to the first production pipeline 12 is closed, the second production pipeline 13 and the injection and production control valve 11 are connected, and gas is produced from the second production pipeline 13, it is an injection and production mode of simultaneous injection and simultaneous production.

[0079] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir, characterized in that: include: A holder having a confining pressure chamber therein; A reservoir body, used to simulate a real reservoir, wherein the reservoir body is located in the confining pressure cavity; A surrounding rock simulation layer, covering the reservoir and located in the confining pressure cavity; At least one injection-production simulation well, penetrating the holder and the surrounding rock simulation layer and communicating with the reservoir; At least one monitoring simulation well passes through the clamp and leads into the surrounding rock simulation layer.

2. The three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir also includes an elastic layer and a confining pressure injection pipe, wherein the elastic layer is coated on the surrounding rock simulation layer, and one end of the confining pressure injection pipe passes through the clamp and extends into the gap between the elastic layer and the clamp.

3. The three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding rock simulation layer is spherically coated on the reservoir, and the clamp is spherically clamped on the surrounding rock simulation layer.

4. The three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple injection and production simulation wells, and the injection and production simulation wells are injection and production pipes made of high-temperature and high-pressure materials.

5. The three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple monitoring simulation wells, and each monitoring simulation well is a monitoring pipe made of high-temperature and high-pressure material.

6. A method for making a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir, characterized in that: The method for producing a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: An artificial reservoir core is prepared according to the shape and pore structure of the real reservoir, and the artificial reservoir core forms the reservoir body; or a real reservoir core is taken out from the real reservoir, and the real reservoir core forms the reservoir body; An artificial surrounding rock layer core is prepared on the reservoir body according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer, and the artificial surrounding rock layer core covers the reservoir body, thereby forming the surrounding rock simulation layer; wherein at least one injection and production channel and at least one monitoring channel are reserved on the surrounding rock simulation layer; Extending one end of at least one injection-production pipe from at least one injection-production channel to the vicinity of the reservoir to form at least one injection-production simulation well; Extending one end of at least one monitoring pipe from at least one monitoring channel into the surrounding rock simulation layer to form at least one monitoring simulation well; The surrounding rock simulation layer with the reservoir body inside is placed in the confining pressure cavity of the clamp, and the other end of the injection and production pipe and the other end of the monitoring pipe are extended from the injection and production hole and the monitoring hole set on the clamp.

7. The method for making a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of preparing an artificial reservoir core according to the shape and pore structure of a real reservoir comprises the following steps: Obtaining the shape characteristics of the real reservoir and the distribution characteristics of small faults and large caves; Determining the shape of the artificial reservoir core according to the shape characteristics of the real reservoir; Scanning the pore structure of the real reservoir core taken out of the real reservoir, and performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structure of the real reservoir core to obtain a three-dimensional data volume of the pore structure of the real reservoir core; According to the shape of the artificial reservoir core, the three-dimensional data body of the pore structure of the real reservoir core is spliced ​​into the shape of the artificial reservoir core and enlarged in proportion to obtain a first three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core; According to the distribution characteristics of small fractures and karst caves, three-dimensional data volumes of small fractures and karst caves that are proportionally reduced are inserted into the first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial reservoir core to obtain a second three-dimensional data volume of the artificial reservoir core having a triple medium of pores, caves and fractures; According to the second three-dimensional data body of the artificial reservoir core, the artificial reservoir core is replicated in proportion by 3D printing, laser engraving or sandstone cemented artificial core, so that the artificial reservoir core forms the reservoir body.

8. The method for making a three-dimensional model of a gas storage reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The real surrounding rock layer includes a cover layer covering the real reservoir layer and a bottom support layer located below the real reservoir layer; The method of preparing an artificial surrounding rock layer core on the reservoir body according to the pore structure of the real surrounding rock layer comprises the following steps: Obtaining distribution characteristics of faults and cracks existing in the cover layer and the bottom support layer; Scanning the pore structures of the overburden core of the overburden layer and the bottom supporting layer core taken out of the bottom supporting layer, performing three-dimensional modeling on the pore structures of the overburden core and the bottom supporting layer core, and obtaining three-dimensional data volumes of the pore structures of the overburden core and the bottom supporting layer core; The three-dimensional data volume of the pore structure of the overburden core and the three-dimensional data volume of the pore structure of the bottom supporting layer core are spliced ​​into a sphere and enlarged in equal proportion to obtain a first three-dimensional data volume of the artificial surrounding rock core; According to the distribution characteristics of the faults and cracks, the three-dimensional data volumes of the faults and cracks that are proportionally reduced are inserted into the first three-dimensional data volume of the core of the artificial surrounding rock layer, so as to obtain a second three-dimensional data volume of the core of the artificial surrounding rock layer; According to the second three-dimensional data body of the artificial surrounding rock layer core, the artificial surrounding rock layer core is replicated in equal proportion on the reservoir body by 3D printing, laser engraving or sandstone cementation artificial core, so as to form the surrounding rock simulation layer covering the reservoir body.

9. A three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir, characterized in that: include: The three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A thermostatic box, in which the three-dimensional model of the gas storage is placed; The injection-production mechanism comprises an injection structure and a production structure connected to the injection-production simulation well; a confining pressure applying mechanism, which is in communication with the surrounding rock cavity; The first pressure monitoring structure is used to monitor the pressure of the monitoring simulation well.

10. The three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The injection structure includes a natural gas tank, a formation water tank and an injection pump. The injection pump can inject the natural gas provided by the natural gas tank and / or the water provided by the formation water tank from the injection and production simulation well into the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir.

11. The three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir according to claim 10 is characterized in that: The injection structure and the production structure are both connected to the injection and production simulation well through an injection and production control valve. The production structure includes a first production pipeline, a second production pipeline and a fluid recovery container. The input end of the first production pipeline is connected to at least one of the injection and production simulation wells, the output end of the first production pipeline is connected to the fluid recovery container, the input end of the second production pipeline is connected to at least another injection and production simulation well through the injection and production control valve, and the output end of the second production pipeline is connected to the fluid recovery container through the first production pipeline; a second pressure monitoring structure is provided on the injection and production control valve.

12. The three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir according to claim 11, characterized in that: A first mass flow meter is provided between the injection-production control valve and the injection-production simulation well; A second mass flow meter is provided between the first extraction pipeline and the fluid recovery container; or A third pressure monitoring structure and a back pressure pump are provided between the first extraction pipeline and the fluid recovery container.

13. The three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The confining pressure applying mechanism comprises a confining pressure pump, which is connected to the confining pressure chamber through a confining pressure injection pipe. The output end of the confining pressure pump is provided with a fourth pressure monitoring structure, which is used to monitor the confining pressure applied by the confining pressure applying mechanism.

14. A three-dimensional simulation experimental method for a gas storage reservoir, characterized in that: Using the three-dimensional simulation experimental device for a gas storage reservoir according to any one of claims 9 to 13, the experimental method comprises the following steps: Testing the sealing performance of the three-dimensional simulation experimental device of the gas storage reservoir; The confining pressure applying mechanism slowly pressurizes the pressure of the confining pressure chamber to the formation pressure; The injection structure injects water and natural gas from the injection-production simulation well into the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir until the three-dimensional model of the gas storage reservoir reaches a state before the gas storage reservoir is built; The injection and production mechanism performs multiple cycles of gas injection and production, and the first pressure monitoring structure monitors the pressure change of the monitoring simulation well during the gas injection and production period; According to the pressure change of the monitoring simulation well, the parameters of the injection and production mechanism are optimized; wherein the optimized parameters include one or more of the injection rate, the injection pressure, the gas production rate, the gas production pressure and the injection and production mode.

Images