Gas sensing system and method based on graphene side-polished FBG

Abstract

The present application relates to a gas sensing system and method for graphene side-polished fiber optic bridges (FBGs). The system comprises: an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light source, a polarization controller, a fiber coupler, a spectrum analyzer, a real-time demodulation system, and at least one graphene side-polished FBG. The graphene side-polished FBG comprises a single-layer graphene and a side-polished FBG polished by a polishing device, wherein the single-layer graphene is used to tune the center wavelength of the side-polished FBG. The ASE light source is used to generate multi-path broadband light that sequentially passes through the polarization controller, the fiber coupler, and at least one graphene side-polished FBG. The polarization controller is used to tune the polarization state of the broadband light to tune the loss of the graphene side-polished FBG. The spectrum analyzer is used to receive the broadband light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG and analyze it to obtain an analysis result. The real-time demodulation system is used to obtain the concentrations of multiple gases to be measured based on the analysis result. This method can achieve efficient and accurate detection of multiple gases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gas sensing technology based on graphene side-polished FBG, and in particular to a gas sensing system and method based on graphene side-polished FBG. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most cutting-edge technologies in current science and technology, sensing technology is not only a key pillar of the modern information industry but also a vital engine driving technological innovation and development. Its application prospects across a wide range of industries are vast, and it is considered one of the most promising high-tech technologies both domestically and internationally. Fiber optic sensing technology, with its unique advantages, has rapidly emerged as a highly anticipated emerging technology. Its exceptional electromagnetic interference resistance, superior sensing performance, and high integration with fiber optic transmission systems have made it a highly anticipated emerging technology. Sensing technology has been widely applied in fields as diverse as the intelligent Internet of Things and biochemical testing, continuously driving technological innovation and expanding its application areas.

[0003] Among them, optical fiber gas sensors based on graphene side-polished FBGs, as an important branch of fiber optic sensing technology, demonstrate unique advantages in the field of graphene side-polished FBG-based gas sensing. Compared with traditional electrochemical gas sensors based on graphene side-polished FBGs, optical fiber gas sensors based on graphene side-polished FBGs have faster response speeds and higher sensitivity. Their precise gas detection capabilities and efficient data transmission give them broad application prospects in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, medical diagnosis, and other fields. Their reliability, real-time performance, and adaptability to complex environments provide strong support for solving many real-world challenges. However, in practical applications, traditional optical fiber gas sensors based on graphene side-polished FBGs suffer from insufficient sensitivity, difficulty in multi-gas detection, and complex operation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas sensing system and method based on graphene side-polished FBG that can achieve efficient and accurate detection of multiple gases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a gas sensing system and method of graphene side-polished FBG that can achieve efficient and accurate detection of multiple gases in response to the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBG, comprising:

[0007] The system includes an amplified spontaneous emission light source, a polarization controller, a fiber coupler, a spectrum analyzer, a real-time demodulation system and at least one graphene side-polished FBG;

[0008] The graphene side-polished FBG comprises a single-layer graphene and a side-polished FBG polished by a polishing device, wherein the single-layer graphene is used to tune the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0009] The amplified spontaneous emission light source is used to generate multi-path broadband light that is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and at least one of the graphene side-polished FBGs;

[0010] The polarization controller is used to tune the polarization state of the broadband light to tune the loss of the graphene side-polished FBG;

[0011] The spectrum analyzer is used to receive the broad spectrum light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG and analyze it to obtain analysis results;

[0012] The real-time demodulation system is used to obtain the concentrations of multiple gases to be measured based on the analysis results.

[0013] In one embodiment, the laser effective area of ​​the side-polished FBG and the single-layer graphene is 2×10 -8 m 2 -8×10 -8 m 2 within the range.

[0014] In one embodiment, the real-time demodulation system is specifically used to:

[0015] According to the analysis result, the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light is obtained; according to the position of the central wavelength, the drift of the central wavelength is calculated; according to the drift of the central wavelength, the concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated.

[0016] In one embodiment, the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG is in the range of 550 nm to 1570 nm, and the transmission bandwidth of the side-polished FBG is 1 nm.

[0017] In one embodiment, the polishing area depth of the side-polished FBG is in the range of 50 μm-60 μm.

[0018] In one embodiment, the broadband light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source has a wavelength in the range of 1525 nm to 1575 nm.

[0019] In one embodiment, the polishing device includes an optical fiber fixing device, a polishing grinding wheel, a grinding wheel driving motor, and a three-dimensional diameter measurement platform.

[0020] In one embodiment, the polishing area of ​​the side-polished FBG has a length of 2 cm.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a gas sensing method based on graphene side-polished FBG, the method comprising:

[0022] Polishing the side of a single-mode FBG using a polishing device to obtain a side-polished FBG, attaching a single-layer graphene to a side region of the side-polished FBG to obtain a graphene side-polished FBG, such that the single-layer graphene tunes the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0023] Passing the broad spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and at least one of the graphene side-polished FBGs in sequence;

[0024] tuning the polarization state of the broadband light to tune the loss of the graphene side-polished FBG;

[0025] receiving and analyzing the broadband light transmitted by the graphene side-edge polished FBG to obtain an analysis result;

[0026] The concentrations of multiple gases to be measured are obtained based on the analysis results.

[0027] In one embodiment, obtaining the concentrations of multiple gases to be measured based on the analysis results includes:

[0028] According to the analysis result, obtaining the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light;

[0029] Calculating the center wavelength shift according to the center wavelength position;

[0030] The concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated based on the drift of the central wavelength.

[0031] The aforementioned graphene side-polished fiber Bragg grating (FBG) gas sensing system and method utilizes graphene's gas molecule adsorption capacity, combined with the optical properties of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), to achieve highly sensitive gas molecule detection. The system can simultaneously monitor multiple gases, using a real-time demodulation system to analyze the drift of the center wavelengths of different FBGs, enabling real-time sensing of multiple gases. By simplifying the operational process and system integration, the entire sensing system is easy to operate and integrate. The combination of graphene and FBGs reduces material and production costs, making the sensing system more economical. The system design considers integration, facilitating integration with other systems or devices. Using an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source and an optical spectrum analyzer, the system monitors gas concentration changes in real time. By tuning the center wavelength of the FBGs, the system can distinguish between different gases, improving detection selectivity. Adsorption of gas molecules by graphene rapidly changes its Fermi level, which in turn rapidly tunes the center wavelength of the FBGs, achieving a fast response. Due to the small size of graphene and FBGs, the entire sensing system is also compact, making it easier to carry and deploy. The system design takes into account the adaptability to complex environments, enabling it to operate stably in a variety of environments. Utilizing at least one graphene side-polished FBG ensures efficient and accurate data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 FIG1 is a diagram showing a test system of a gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBG in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a graphene side-polished FBG device in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 FIG1 is a transmission spectrum diagram of a graphene side-polished FBG device in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 1 is a graph showing the response of the central wavelength of a graphene side-polished FBG device to gas concentration in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 1 is a flow chart of a gas sensing method based on graphene side-polished FBG in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 1: Single-mode optical fiber; 2: Single-mode FBG; 3: D-type polished area; 4: Single-layer graphene; 5: ASE light source; 6: Polarization controller; 7: Fiber coupler; 8: First graphene side-polished FBG device; 9: Second graphene side-polished FBG device; 10: Third graphene side-polished FBG device; 11: Spectrum analyzer; 12: Real-time demodulation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0041] The gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBG provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an amplified spontaneous emission light source, a polarization controller, a fiber coupler, a spectrum analyzer, a real-time demodulation system and at least one graphene side-polished FBG;

[0042] The graphene side-polished FBG includes a single-layer graphene and a side-polished FBG polished by a polishing device, wherein the single-layer graphene is used to tune the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0043] The amplified spontaneous emission light source is used to generate multi-path broadband light which is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and at least one graphene side-polished FBG;

[0044] The polarization controller is used to tune the polarization state of broadband light to tune the loss of graphene side-polished FBG;

[0045] The spectrum analyzer is used to receive the broad spectrum light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG and analyze it to obtain the analysis results;

[0046] The real-time demodulation system is used to obtain the concentrations of multiple gases to be measured based on the analysis results.

[0047] In one embodiment, the laser effective area of ​​the side-polished FBG and the single-layer graphene is 2×10 -8 m 2 -8×10 -8 m 2 within the range.

[0048] In one embodiment, the real-time demodulation system is specifically used to: obtain the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light according to the analysis results; calculate the drift of the central wavelength according to the position of the central wavelength; and calculate the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the drift of the central wavelength.

[0049] In one embodiment, the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG is in the range of 550 nm to 1570 nm, and the transmission bandwidth of the side-polished FBG is 1 nm.

[0050] In one embodiment, the polished region of the side-polished FBG has a depth in the range of 50 μm to 60 μm.

[0051] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the broad spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source is in the range of 1525 nm to 1575 nm.

[0052] In one embodiment, the polishing device includes an optical fiber fixing device, a polishing grinding wheel, a grinding wheel driving motor, and a three-dimensional diameter measurement platform.

[0053] In one embodiment, the polishing area of ​​the side-polished FBG has a length of 2 cm.

[0054] The most detailed embodiment of this application is:

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a test system diagram of a gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBG. The wavelength range of the amplified spontaneous emission light source (ASE light source 5) is 1525nm-1575nm, and the FBG is a single-mode FBG.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the side surfaces of the single-mode optical fiber 1 and the single-mode FBG 2 are polished using an optical fiber fixture, a polishing wheel, a grinding wheel drive motor, and a three-dimensional diameter measurement platform to obtain a side-polished FBG. The polishing depth of the D-shaped polishing area 3 is about 60 μm, and the length of the D-shaped polishing area 3 is about 2 cm. A single-layer graphene 4 is transferred to the D-shaped polishing area 3 using a wet transfer technique. The laser effective area of ​​the side-polished FBG and the single-layer graphene 4 is about 2×10 -8 m 2 -8×10 -8 m 2 In the range of 7×10-8m 2 , and finally completed the preparation of graphene side-polished FBG device.

[0057] Combine Figure 2Single-mode FBGs 2 with different central wavelengths are selected as initial devices. After the above operations, a first graphene side-polished FBG device 8, a second graphene side-polished FBG device 9, and a third graphene side-polished FBG device 10 are respectively produced. A fiber-optic gas sensing system is formed through a fiber coupler 7. The produced fiber-optic gas sensing system is placed in an environment where gas sensing is required. The broadband light generated by the ASE light source 5 is injected into the first graphene side-polished FBG device 8, the second graphene side-polished FBG device 9, and the third graphene side-polished FBG device 10, respectively, through a polarization controller 6 and a fiber coupler 7. The polarization controller 6 can tune the polarization state of the laser light to adjust the loss in each graphene side-polished FBG device. Due to the transmission characteristics of FBGs, only light within their transmission bandwidth can pass through, and each graphene side-polished FBG device has a different central wavelength and transmission bandwidth. Therefore, the broadband light transmitted by the multi-path graphene side-polished FBG device can be directly passed into the spectrum analyzer 11, and finally the central wavelength of each signal is demodulated and quickly calculated in real time by the real-time demodulation system 12, thereby obtaining multiple gas concentrations.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG, a transmission spectrum diagram of the first graphene side-polished FBG device 8 in this embodiment is generated under the drive of the ASE light source 5 , and it can be seen that its central wavelength is 1566.9 nm and the bandwidth is about 1 nm.

[0059] When this fiber-optic gas sensing system is used for gas sensing, gas molecules adsorb onto the graphene monolayer 4 in the D-shaped polished region 3 of each graphene side-polished FBG device. This changes the complex effective refractive index of the graphene monolayer 4, thereby shifting the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG. Because different gas types and concentrations cause different changes in the FBG central wavelength, gas sensing is possible.

[0060] In this embodiment, real-time sensing of multiple components of three gases can be achieved. Figure 4 The relationship between the gas concentration and the FBG's central wavelength when sensing a specific gas using the first graphene side-polished FBG device 8 is recorded, demonstrating a linear response. Because each FBG device simultaneously cross-responds to three gases, the specific concentrations of the three gases in the gas sensing environment can be determined through real-time demodulation and calculation of a linear system of equations. Accordingly, for complex gas environments with more components, the number of FBG devices can be increased to determine the concentration of each gas by solving the linear equations.

[0061] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention combines graphene with FBG, utilizing a novel structure to achieve a novel fiber-optic gas sensing system that is low-cost, simple to operate, and easily integrated, and can also simultaneously demodulate multiple gases. By combining two-dimensional material optoelectronics, fiber microstructure processing technology, FBG central wavelength control principles, and gas sensing technology, the present invention addresses the problems of existing fiber-optic gas sensing systems, such as low integration, complex operation, and inability to simultaneously detect multiple gases. The system offers advantages such as low cost, simple operation, small size, and easy integration, making it suitable for a variety of complex gas sensing applications, including environmental monitoring and power equipment testing. This contributes to further exploration of more highly integrated gas sensing systems in this field.

[0062] Each module in the aforementioned side-polished graphene FBG-based gas sensing system can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a computer device's memory in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application also provide a method for gas sensing based on graphene side-polished FBGs for implementing the aforementioned gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBGs. The solution provided by this method is similar to the solution described in the aforementioned system. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more embodiments of the gas sensing method based on graphene side-polished FBGs provided below can be found in the above-mentioned limitations on the gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBGs and will not be repeated here.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the present application also provides a gas sensing method based on graphene side-polished FBG, the method comprising:

[0065] Step S502: polishing the side of a single-mode FBG using a polishing device to obtain a side-polished FBG, attaching a single-layer graphene to the side region of the side-polished FBG to obtain a graphene side-polished FBG, so that the single-layer graphene tunes the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0066] Step S504, passing the broadband light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source into the polarization controller, the fiber coupler and at least one graphene side-polished FBG in sequence;

[0067] Step S506, tuning the polarization state of the broadband light to tune the loss of the graphene side-polished FBG;

[0068] Step S508, receiving and analyzing the broadband light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG to obtain analysis results;

[0069] Step S510: acquiring concentrations of multiple gases to be measured based on the analysis results.

[0070] Specifically, the side of the single-mode FBG is polished by a polishing device, and the side of the single-mode FBG is polished by a physical method to form a specific structure, that is, a side-polished FBG.

[0071] Attaching the single-layer graphene to the side region of the side-polished FBG is to precisely place or transfer the single-layer graphene material to a specific region of the side-polished FBG.

[0072] The single-layer graphene is used to tune the center wavelength of the side-polished FBG. The introduction of graphene can change the optical properties of the FBG, especially the center wavelength, because graphene affects the refractive index of light.

[0073] The broadband light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source is sequentially fed into a polarization controller and fiber coupler, processing and transmitting the light through a series of devices. The processed light is ultimately fed into at least one graphene side-polished fiber-glass (FBG) for further optical interaction.

[0074] Tuning the polarization state of broadband light to tune the loss of graphene side-edge polished FBG is done by adjusting the polarization state of light to change its interaction with the FBG, thereby adjusting the loss characteristics of the FBG.

[0075] Light transmitted or reflected by the FBG contains gas sensing information, which can be analyzed using a spectrum analyzer. The analysis results typically include information such as the wavelength and intensity of the light, which is correlated with variations in the FBG's central wavelength. By analyzing variations in the FBG's central wavelength, the type and concentration of the gas can be inferred. This is because different gas molecules interact with graphene, causing specific variations in the FBG's central wavelength.

[0076] The aforementioned gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) leverages graphene's gas molecule adsorption capacity, combined with the optical properties of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), to achieve highly sensitive gas molecule detection. The system can simultaneously monitor multiple gases, using a real-time demodulation system to analyze the drift of the center wavelengths of different FBGs, enabling real-time sensing of multiple gases. By simplifying the operational process and system integration, the entire sensing system is easy to operate and integrate. The combination of graphene and FBGs reduces material and production costs, making the sensing system more economical. The system design prioritizes integration, facilitating integration with other systems and devices. Using an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source and an optical spectrum analyzer, the system monitors gas concentration changes in real time. By tuning the center wavelength of the FBGs, the system can distinguish between different gases, improving detection selectivity. Adsorption of gas molecules by graphene rapidly alters its Fermi level, which in turn rapidly tunes the center wavelength of the FBGs, achieving a fast response. Due to the small size of graphene and FBGs, the entire sensing system is also compact, making it easier to carry and deploy. The system design takes into account the adaptability to complex environments, enabling it to operate stably in a variety of environments. Utilizing at least one graphene side-polished FBG ensures efficient and accurate data transmission.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the concentrations of multiple gases to be measured are obtained based on the analysis results, including:

[0078] According to the analysis results, the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light is obtained;

[0079] According to the position of the central wavelength, the drift of the central wavelength is calculated;

[0080] The concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated based on the drift of the central wavelength.

[0081] Specifically, in spectral analysis, the central wavelength of broadband light refers to the strongest or most pronounced wavelength in the spectrum. The location of this central wavelength can be determined by using a spectrum analyzer to receive light transmitted through a side-polished graphene FBG. The location of this central wavelength is closely related to the optical properties of the FBG and the presence of gases. The drift of the central wavelength refers to the change in the FBG's central wavelength due to the interaction between gas molecules and graphene under different gas environments. The drift can be calculated by comparing the currently measured central wavelength with the initial central wavelength. This drift reflects the influence of the gas. Different gases have different effects on graphene, so the drift of the central wavelength can be used to infer the gas concentration. By establishing a mathematical model or empirical formula to quantify the relationship between the drift and gas concentration, the concentration of the gas under test can be determined.

[0082] In this example, spectral analysis is used to detect changes in light characteristics (central wavelength) and infer gas concentration. This approach leverages fiber optic sensing technology and the superior properties of graphene to achieve efficient, real-time monitoring of gas concentration. This method offers the advantages of high sensitivity and fast response, making it suitable for detecting a wide range of gases.

[0083] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless communication, and the wireless communication can be achieved via Wi-Fi, a mobile cellular network, near-field communication (NFC), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBG. The display unit of the computer device is used to produce a visual image and can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0087] A side-polished FBG is obtained by polishing the side of a single-mode FBG using a polishing device, and a graphene side-polished FBG is obtained by attaching a single-layer graphene to the side region of the side-polished FBG, so that the single-layer graphene tunes the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0088] The broad spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and at least one graphene side-polished FBG;

[0089] Tuning the polarization state of broadband light to tune the loss of graphene side-polished FBG;

[0090] Receive and analyze the broad spectrum light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG to obtain analysis results;

[0091] The concentrations of various gases to be measured are obtained based on the analysis results.

[0092] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0093] According to the analysis results, the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light is obtained;

[0094] According to the position of the central wavelength, the drift of the central wavelength is calculated;

[0095] The concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated based on the drift of the central wavelength.

[0096] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0097] A side-polished FBG is obtained by polishing the side of a single-mode FBG using a polishing device, and a graphene side-polished FBG is obtained by attaching a single-layer graphene to the side region of the side-polished FBG, so that the single-layer graphene tunes the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0098] The broad spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and at least one graphene side-polished FBG;

[0099] Tuning the polarization state of broadband light to tune the loss of graphene side-polished FBG;

[0100] Receive and analyze the broad spectrum light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG to obtain analysis results;

[0101] The concentrations of various gases to be measured are obtained based on the analysis results.

[0102] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are further implemented:

[0103] According to the analysis results, the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light is obtained;

[0104] According to the position of the central wavelength, the drift of the central wavelength is calculated;

[0105] The concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated based on the drift of the central wavelength.

[0106] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0107] A side-polished FBG is obtained by polishing the side of a single-mode FBG using a polishing device, and a graphene side-polished FBG is obtained by attaching a single-layer graphene to the side region of the side-polished FBG, so that the single-layer graphene tunes the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG;

[0108] The broad spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and at least one graphene side-polished FBG;

[0109] Tuning the polarization state of broadband light to tune the loss of graphene side-polished FBG;

[0110] Receive and analyze the broad spectrum light transmitted by the graphene side-polished FBG to obtain analysis results;

[0111] The concentrations of various gases to be measured are obtained based on the analysis results.

[0112] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are further implemented:

[0113] According to the analysis results, the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light is obtained;

[0114] According to the position of the central wavelength, the drift of the central wavelength is calculated;

[0115] The concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated based on the drift of the central wavelength.

[0116] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0117] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, and the like.

[0118] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0119] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas sensing system based on graphene side-polished FBG, characterized in that: The system includes an amplified spontaneous emission light source, a polarization controller, a fiber coupler, a spectrum analyzer, a real-time demodulation system and a graphene side-polished FBG; The graphene side-polished FBG comprises a single-layer graphene and a side-polished FBG polished by a polishing device, wherein the single-layer graphene is used to tune the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG; The amplified spontaneous emission light source is used to generate multi-path broadband light that is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and the graphene side-polished FBG; The polarization controller is used to tune the polarization state of broadband light to tune the loss of each graphene side-polished FBG; each graphene side-polished FBG device has a different central wavelength and transmission bandwidth; The spectrum analyzer is used to receive the broad spectrum light transmitted by each of the graphene side-polished FBGs and analyze the light to obtain analysis results; The real-time demodulation system is used to obtain the concentrations of multiple gases to be measured based on the analysis results; the real-time demodulation system is specifically used to: Based on the analysis results, the position of the central wavelength of the broadband light is obtained; based on the position of the central wavelength, the drift of the central wavelength is calculated; based on the drift of the central wavelength, the concentration of the gas to be measured is calculated; when the optical fiber gas sensing system is used for gas sensing, gas molecules are adsorbed onto the single-layer graphene in the D-shaped polished area of ​​each graphene side-polished FBG device, and the complex effective refractive index of the single-layer graphene changes accordingly, thereby causing the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG to change; because different gas types and different gas concentrations cause different changes in the FBG central wavelength, gas sensing is achieved.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The laser effective area of ​​the side-polished FBG and the single-layer graphene is 2×10 -8 m 2 -8×10 -8 m 2 within the range.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The central wavelength of the side-polished FBG is within the range of 550 nm to 1570 nm.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The depth of the polishing area of ​​the side-polished FBG is in the range of 50 μm to 60 μm.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The wavelength of the broad-spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source is within the range of 1525 nm to 1575 nm.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The polishing device includes an optical fiber fixing device, a polishing grinding wheel, a grinding wheel driving motor and a three-dimensional diameter measuring platform.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the polishing area of ​​the side-polished FBG is 2 cm.

8. A gas sensing method based on graphene side-polished FBG, characterized in that: Applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprises: Polishing the side of a single-mode FBG using a polishing device to obtain a side-polished FBG, attaching a single-layer graphene to a side region of the side-polished FBG to obtain a graphene side-polished FBG, such that the single-layer graphene tunes the central wavelength of the side-polished FBG; The broad spectrum light generated by the amplified spontaneous emission light source is sequentially passed into the polarization controller, the optical fiber coupler and the graphene side-polished FBG; tuning the polarization state of the broadband light to tune the loss of each graphene side-polished FBG; receiving and analyzing the broad spectrum light transmitted by each of the graphene side-edge polished FBGs to obtain analysis results; The concentrations of multiple gases to be measured are obtained based on the analysis results.

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