Ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method and system. The method comprises the steps that a ship navigation area is expressed as a to-be-assessed area, navigation information and historical accident data of the to-be-assessed area are acquired, key risk factors influencing ship navigation safety are determined based on the navigation information, and the key risk factors are classified; building an accident scene based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, evaluating the accident scene, calculating a risk value of the evaluated accident scene, and dividing the accident scene into different grades according to the risk value; and constructing a risk control operation flow chart, and determining a risk value of the to-be-evaluated area based on the risk control operation flow chart and the accident scene. The method is suitable for risk assessment of different scales and complexities, the risk is comprehensively and accurately assessed, meanwhile, adaptability and flexibility to variable environments are kept, and the navigation safety performance and effect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart maritime affairs, and in particular to a method and system for ship navigation risk assessment and decision support. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of the booming global shipping industry, the safety of maritime navigation is particularly important. Risk assessment of maritime navigation is of great significance in ensuring the safety of ships and crew members, protecting the marine environment, complying with laws and regulations, improving economic benefits and enhancing emergency response capabilities. Through systematic risk assessment, potential dangers can be identified and predicted, effective prevention and response measures can be taken, accidents can be reduced, legal disputes and economic losses can be avoided, and scientific data support can be provided to managers to help optimize routes and operational strategies. In addition, risk assessment can also formulate emergency plans, improve the ability to respond to emergencies, and ensure the overall safety and efficiency of ship operations.

[0003] Existing ship navigation risk assessment technologies have some significant shortcomings. Although SIRA (Systematic Identification of Risk and Assessment) provides a comprehensive, structured framework and quantitative analysis capabilities, it is not flexible enough when dealing with special or unstructured risks, and it relies too much on quantitative data and ignores some important qualitative risk factors. On the other hand, although the expert scoring method is highly professional and flexible and can make full use of the experience and knowledge of experts, its results are greatly influenced by the personal subjectivity of experts and there is a risk of subjective bias. In addition, this method is time-consuming and relies on expert judgment, resulting in an inefficient assessment process. These shortcomings show that existing technologies are insufficient in dealing with complex and changing navigation environments and are in urgent need of further improvement.

[0004] At present, the risk assessment of maritime navigation faces many challenges and shortcomings, including complex and changing navigation environment, incomplete coverage of multiple risk factors, lack of real-time monitoring and emergency response capabilities, difficulty in technical integration, insufficient personnel training and experience, and economic and cost pressures. These problems have led to significant defects in the accuracy, comprehensiveness and dynamic response capabilities of existing assessment methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method and system to overcome the above technical problems.

[0006] A ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method, comprising:

[0007] S1. The area where the ship is sailing is indicated as the area to be evaluated, and the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated are obtained, wherein the navigation information includes geographic information, navigation information, hydrological and meteorological information, and ecological environment information;

[0008] S2. Determine the key risk factors that affect the navigation safety of ships based on navigation information and classify the key risk factors;

[0009] S3. Construct an accident scenario based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and evaluate the accident scenario, wherein the evaluation of the accident scenario includes evaluating the possibility of the accident scenario and the severity of the consequences of the accident;

[0010] S4. Calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value, and determine risk control measures according to the different levels;

[0011] S5. Construct a risk control operation flowchart, wherein the risk control operation flowchart is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk control measures taken in the accident scenario, and determine the risk value of the area to be evaluated based on the risk control operation flowchart and the accident scenario.

[0012] Preferably, the evaluating of the accident scenario includes: constructing a risk matrix diagram, and evaluating the possibility of the accident scenario and the severity of the consequences of the accident according to the risk matrix diagram.

[0013] Preferably, the risk matrix diagram includes two fields: possibility and consequence, wherein the possibility includes five values: very rare, rare, occasional, frequent and very frequent, and the consequence includes five values: trivial, slight, severe, major and catastrophic.

[0014] A system based on a ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method, comprising a data acquisition module, a key risk factor acquisition module, an accident scenario construction and assessment module, an accident scenario risk value calculation module, and a risk value calculation module for an area to be assessed;

[0015] The data acquisition module is used to indicate the area where the ship is sailing as the area to be evaluated, and to acquire the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated;

[0016] The key risk factor acquisition module is used to determine the key risk factors that affect the navigation safety of the ship based on the navigation information and classify the key risk factors;

[0017] The accident scenario construction and evaluation module is used to construct accident scenarios based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and to evaluate the accident scenarios;

[0018] The accident scenario risk value calculation module is used to calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value, and determine risk control measures according to the different levels;

[0019] The risk value calculation module for the area to be assessed is used to construct a risk control operation flow chart, and determine the risk value of the area to be assessed based on the risk control operation flow chart and the accident scenario.

[0020] Preferably, the system further comprises a real-time data processing module, a risk status monitoring module, an intelligent preventive measures recommendation module, an emergency response plan generation module and an environmental impact assessment module;

[0021] The real-time data processing module is used to obtain and process the real-time navigation data of the ship;

[0022] The risk status monitoring module is used to monitor the navigation risk index of the ship according to the real-time navigation data and update the risk status of the navigation risk index;

[0023] The intelligent preventive measures recommendation module is used to automatically recommend risk control measures;

[0024] The emergency response plan generation module is used to provide an emergency response plan when a risk event occurs;

[0025] The environmental impact assessment module is used to assess the potential impact of navigation activities on the environment and generate an assessment report.

[0026] The present invention provides a method and system for ship navigation risk assessment and decision support, which obtains navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be assessed, constructs accident scenarios, assesses the accident scenarios, and determines the risk value of the area to be assessed based on the risk control operation flow chart and the accident scenarios. The method and system are suitable for risk assessments of different scales and complexities, and can comprehensively and accurately assess risks while maintaining adaptability and flexibility to changing environments, thereby improving navigation safety performance and effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method of this embodiment includes:

[0031] S1. The area where the ship is sailing is indicated as the area to be evaluated, and the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated are obtained, wherein the navigation information includes geographic information, navigation information, hydrological and meteorological information, and ecological environment information;

[0032] S2. Determine the key risk factors that affect the navigation safety of ships based on navigation information and classify the key risk factors;

[0033] S3. Construct an accident scenario based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and evaluate the accident scenario, wherein the evaluation of the accident scenario includes evaluating the possibility of the accident scenario and the severity of the consequences of the accident;

[0034] S4. Calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value, and determine risk control measures according to the different levels;

[0035] S5. Construct a risk control operation flowchart, wherein the risk control operation flowchart is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk control measures taken in the accident scenario, and determine the risk value of the area to be evaluated based on the risk control operation flowchart and the accident scenario.

[0036] Based on the above scheme, by obtaining navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated, constructing accident scenarios, evaluating the accident scenarios, and determining the risk value of the area to be evaluated based on the risk control operation flowchart and accident scenarios, it is suitable for risk assessments of different scales and complexities, and can comprehensively and accurately assess risks while maintaining adaptability and flexibility to changing environments, thereby improving navigation safety performance and effectiveness.

[0037] Specifically, this embodiment provides the details of the method, including:

[0038] S1. The area where the ship is sailing is indicated as the area to be evaluated, and the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated are obtained. The navigation information includes geographical information, navigation information, hydrological and meteorological information, and ecological and environmental information. Specifically, when conducting a detailed analysis of the geographical, navigation, hydrological and meteorological and ecological and environmental conditions of the area to be evaluated, the Strait of Malacca is first selected as the target area, and the geographical characteristics, hydrological and meteorological data, and ecological and environmental information of the area from June 1 to July 31, 2023 are collected. It is used to analyze the current status and potential risks and safety hazards of the area in terms of topography, water navigation conditions, seasonal meteorological changes, and ecosystem conditions. Among them, the geographical features include narrow waterways and shoals, and the water navigation includes the influence of high-density ships, complex waterways, fishing activities, and the complexity of the navigation environment caused by the development of oil and gas resources. Hydrological and meteorological factors include the influence of strong monsoons, significant tidal changes, complex ocean currents, and large changes in rainfall. The ecological environment includes rich biodiversity, serious pollution problems, habitat destruction, and overfishing.

[0039] S2. Based on navigation information, determine the key risk factors that affect the safety of ship navigation and classify the key risk factors; Specifically, the analysis and identification of the key risk factors that affect the safety of navigation in the Strait of Malacca involves a systematic classification of multiple aspects, and a table of major risk types is obtained, refer to Table 1. This includes but is not limited to meteorological conditions, such as tropical cyclones, low sea visibility, waves, changes in air pressure, tides and ocean currents; communication facilities are limited by the small coverage of AIS base stations, unstable base station performance and aging equipment; crew operation risks involve poor ship operation skills, poor emergency response capabilities and insufficient safety awareness; ship status risks include insufficient fishing vessel facilities and aging equipment or failure to maintain them regularly; ecological and environmental risks involve collisions with offshore structures, oil spills, chemical spills, waste discharges, and drilling and dredging operation errors.

[0040] Table 1 Main risk types

[0041]

[0042] S3. Construct accident scenarios based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and evaluate the accident scenarios. The evaluation of the accident scenarios includes evaluating the possibility of the accident scenarios and the severity of the consequences of the accidents. The evaluation of the accident scenarios includes constructing a risk matrix diagram, and evaluating the accident scenarios according to the risk matrix diagram. The risk matrix diagram includes two fields: possibility and consequence. The possibility includes five values: very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. The consequence includes five values: insignificant, minor, serious, major, and catastrophic.

[0043] Specifically, based on the identified key risk factors and historical accidents, accident scenarios are constructed, such as ship collision, grounding, offshore structure collision, etc. The possible accident scenario types are shown in Table 2, where the probability of each type of accident is calculated based on the risk matrix diagram (i.e., Table 3) and the analysis of historical accident data. The probability of accidents and the potential impact of these scenarios on maritime traffic safety and the environment are evaluated by calculating the probability of accidents.

[0044] Table 2 Risk scenario types

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] S31. Referring to Table 2, we identified the marine accidents that occurred in the sea area from 2020 to 2024, and classified a series of key marine accident scenarios. These accident scenarios cover a wide range of marine accident types, including the following situations. (1) Collision between ships: This may involve collisions between different types of ships, such as merchant ships, fishing boats, etc.; (2) Grounding: Operational errors or unforeseen changes in natural conditions may cause the ship to hit the bottom in unsuitable waters, causing hull damage or leakage; (3) Collision with offshore structures: Ships may collide with fixed structures such as docks, offshore wind farms, drilling platforms and protected areas. Such accidents may cause damage to offshore facilities and affect maritime traffic and operational safety; (4) Structural failure: Due to improper maintenance or design defects, ships or other offshore facilities may suffer structural damage, resulting in loss of function or more serious safety accidents; (5) Other risks: Among the various types of accidents, special attention should be paid to the environmental risks they may cause, including oil spills, chemical pollution, etc., which may cause catastrophic damage to the marine ecosystem. Construct an accident scenario table based on the identified risk factors and historical accident data;

[0048] S32. Referring to Table 3, by analyzing the historical accident data and according to the risk matrix diagram, the probability of accidents in each scenario is assigned a score. Specifically, "very rare" events will only occur under special circumstances and no more than once every twenty years; "rare" events may occur once every two to twenty years; relatively more common are "occasional" events, which may occur once every two months to two years; further, "frequent" events may occur once a week to every two months; finally, "very frequent" events may occur at least once a week;

[0049] Table 3 Risk Matrix Diagram

[0050]

[0051] S33. Refer to Table 3 to conduct a detailed assessment of each accident scenario, analyze the direct damage to maritime traffic safety and the environment, economic losses and long-term impact on the ecosystem, determine the risk severity of each scenario and assign a score.

[0052] Specifically, “trivial” impacts are those that, other than some delay or annoyance, do not cause interruption of service, cause no harm to humans, perhaps only cause a significant nuisance, and are free of damage and can be restored without any effort or expense;

[0053] A “minor” impact would result in some non-permanent loss of services, such as the closure of a port or waterway for up to four hours, with the possibility of one or more people sustaining minor injuries requiring hospitalization, with limited and short-term damage to the environment, minimal impact, and little effort required to recover;

[0054] “Severe” impacts would result in disruption of services, such as a sustained closure of a port or waterway for 4-24 hours, several injuries requiring hospitalization, short-term damage to a smaller area of ​​the environment, and damage requiring some effort and expense to restore;

[0055] “Significant” impacts would result in prolonged disruption of services, such as closure of a major port or waterway for 1-30 days or permanently, severe injury or loss of life to a large number of people, irreversible and long-term damage to the environment within a limited area, and severe impairment requiring considerable effort and expense for recovery;

[0056] “Catastrophic” impacts would be sustained disruption of services, such as closure of major ports or waterways for months or years, severe injury to many people and / or several fatalities, and irreversible and extensive damage to the environment from which the impacts could not be recovered;

[0057] S4. Calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, and classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value;

[0058] Furthermore, the specific steps of S4 are as follows:

[0059] S4. Assign a numerical value to each accident scenario using the method in S3, take the average value to form a risk value, and classify the risk scenarios into different levels according to the risk value and color coding, for example, "red" for major risk, "orange" for high risk, "yellow" for medium risk, and "green" for low risk;

[0060] S41. Based on the scores of the probability of an accident and the severity of its consequences, the risk value is calculated by the product method to fully reflect the frequency and severity of the risk;

[0061] S42. Based on the quantitative assessment results, risk scenarios are divided into different levels using color coding to ensure that decision makers can quickly identify areas with higher risks and take management measures in a priority manner;

[0062] S43. When assessing the acceptability of risk, we not only consider the calculated risk score, but also social, economic and environmental factors. Some risk types, such as nearshore stranding, may be rated as low risk due to low probability or small impact, while other types, such as ship-to-floating structure collision, may be rated as high risk due to high probability or severe consequences. Some risks, such as contact with the operating area, may still be acceptable even if the calculated score is high if their impact can be reduced through effective risk mitigation measures. On the contrary, some risks, such as hull damage, may have a low calculated score, but if their consequences are irreversible or difficult to control, we may need to reassess their acceptability. Finally, we calculated the average value of these risks and rounded them off. In this way, even if the risk value of some accidents is high, if the risk of other accidents in the same scenario is low, the average risk level may be lower. On the contrary, if the risk value of all accidents in a scenario is high, the average risk level of the scenario will also be high accordingly. This will further clarify the risk distribution and identify high-risk areas to be paid attention to;

[0063] S5. Construct a risk control operation flowchart, wherein the risk control operation flowchart is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk control measures taken in the accident scenario, and determine the risk value of the area to be evaluated based on the risk control operation flowchart and the accident scenario.

[0064] Furthermore, the specific steps of S5 are as follows:

[0065] Integrate the data and analysis results collected in the previous steps to form a comprehensive risk assessment perspective and identify risk areas that need to be focused on based on risk values.

[0066] S51. By comprehensively analyzing the maritime traffic safety situation, identifying key risk factors, and conducting a comprehensive assessment, a risk control operation flow chart was constructed, refer to Table 4;

[0067] Table 4 Risk control operation flow chart

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] S52. Risk control operation flow chart including assessment of the likelihood and consequences of each risk scenario and the effectiveness of existing risk control measures;

[0071] S53. Accurately identify high-risk areas that require special attention based on the risk value of the accident scenario and the risk control operation flow chart;

[0072] A ship navigation risk assessment and decision support system, comprising a data acquisition module, a key risk factor acquisition module, an accident scenario construction and assessment module, an accident scenario risk value calculation module and a risk value calculation module for an area to be assessed;

[0073] The data acquisition module is used to indicate the area where the ship is sailing as the area to be evaluated, and to acquire the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated;

[0074] The key risk factor acquisition module is used to determine the key risk factors that affect the navigation safety of the ship based on the navigation information and classify the key risk factors;

[0075] The accident scenario construction and evaluation module is used to construct accident scenarios based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and to evaluate the accident scenarios;

[0076] The accident scenario risk value calculation module is used to calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value, and determine risk control measures according to the different levels;

[0077] The risk value calculation module for the area to be assessed is used to construct a risk control operation flow chart, and determine the risk value of the area to be assessed based on the risk control operation flow chart and the accident scenario.

[0078] The system also includes a real-time data processing module, a risk status monitoring module, an intelligent preventive measures recommendation module, an emergency response plan generation module, and an environmental impact assessment module;

[0079] The real-time data processing module is used to obtain and process the real-time navigation data of the ship. Specifically, the real-time data processing module is constructed to realize the rapid reception, processing and integration of multi-source data, ensuring that the system responds to changes in the navigation environment in real time;

[0080] The risk status monitoring module is used to monitor the navigation risk indicators of the ship according to the real-time navigation data, and update the risk status of the navigation risk indicators. Specifically, a risk status monitoring module is constructed; the navigation risk indicators are monitored using real-time data, the risk status is automatically updated, and an early warning is issued when an abnormality is detected, so as to provide support for timely decision-making;

[0081] The intelligent preventive measures recommendation module is used to automatically recommend risk control measures. Specifically, an intelligent preventive measures recommendation module is constructed. This module automatically recommends the most suitable preventive measures based on multi-source real-time data and historical information integrated and analyzed by the knowledge graph module, including geographic information, meteorological data, navigation history, and environmental monitoring results. According to the current risk assessment and environmental conditions, this module can intelligently provide specific response suggestions to effectively reduce the probability of navigation risks.

[0082] The emergency response plan generation module is used to provide an emergency response plan when a risk event occurs. Specifically, the emergency response plan generation module is constructed to ensure that when a risk event occurs, the system can quickly provide a customized emergency response plan to improve the response efficiency;

[0083] The environmental impact assessment module is used to assess the potential impact of navigation activities on the environment and generate an assessment report. Specifically, an environmental impact assessment module is constructed to assess the potential impact of navigation activities on the environment and generate a detailed assessment report to help achieve sustainable development and environmental protection goals.

[0084] Specifically, the system in this embodiment also includes a knowledge graph module, which is used to integrate multi-source real-time data and historical information, including geographic information, meteorological data, navigation history, and environmental monitoring results. This module can form a dynamically updated information network and use data association and analysis technology to deeply understand the navigation environment and risk status.

[0085] A system for ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method has the following functions:

[0086] (1) The automated iterative process is a comprehensive technical framework in the present invention. It realizes full automation from data collection to decision-making through the close integration and continuous optimization of key steps such as real-time data processing, risk status monitoring, knowledge graph construction and analysis, intelligent preventive measures recommendation, emergency response plan generation, and environmental impact assessment, thus significantly improving navigation safety performance and efficiency.

[0087] (2) Based on the expert scoring method and systematic risk assessment, a real-time data processing module, a risk status monitoring module, a knowledge graph module, an intelligent preventive measures recommendation module, an emergency response plan generation module and an environmental impact assessment module were added to reduce the impact of subjectivity and improve the objectivity and reliability of the assessment.

[0088] (3) This system is suitable for risk assessments of different scales and complexities, and can comprehensively and accurately assess risks while maintaining adaptability and flexibility to changing environments.

[0089] (4) By intuitively displaying the connections between risk factors through the knowledge graph, the present invention improves the transparency of risk assessment and promotes team collaboration and decision-making efficiency through structured information sharing.

[0090] Overall beneficial effects:

[0091] The present invention provides a method and system for ship navigation risk assessment and decision support, which obtains navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be assessed, constructs accident scenarios, assesses the accident scenarios, and determines the risk value of the area to be assessed based on the risk control operation flow chart and the accident scenarios. The method and system are suitable for risk assessments of different scales and complexities, and can comprehensively and accurately assess risks while maintaining adaptability and flexibility to changing environments, thereby improving navigation safety performance and effects.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method, characterized in that: include: S1. The area where the ship is sailing is indicated as the area to be evaluated, and the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated are obtained, wherein the navigation information includes geographic information, navigation information, hydrological and meteorological information, and ecological environment information; S2. Determine the key risk factors that affect the navigation safety of ships based on navigation information and classify the key risk factors; S3. Construct an accident scenario based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and evaluate the accident scenario, wherein the evaluation of the accident scenario includes evaluating the possibility of the accident scenario and the severity of the consequences of the accident; S4. Calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value, and determine risk control measures according to the different levels; S5. Construct a risk control operation flowchart, wherein the risk control operation flowchart is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk control measures taken in the accident scenario, and determine the risk value of the area to be evaluated based on the risk control operation flowchart and the accident scenario.

2. A ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation of the accident scenario includes: constructing a risk matrix diagram, and evaluating the possibility of the accident scenario and the severity of the consequences of the accident according to the risk matrix diagram.

3. A ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The risk matrix diagram includes two fields: possibility and consequence. The possibility includes five values: very rare, rare, occasional, frequent and very frequent. The consequence includes five values: trivial, slight, severe, major and catastrophic.

4. A system based on the ship navigation risk assessment and decision support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, a key risk factor acquisition module, an accident scenario construction and evaluation module, an accident scenario risk value calculation module, and a risk value calculation module for the area to be evaluated; The data acquisition module is used to indicate the area where the ship is sailing as the area to be evaluated, and to acquire the navigation information and historical accident data of the area to be evaluated; The key risk factor acquisition module is used to determine the key risk factors that affect the navigation safety of the ship based on the navigation information and classify the key risk factors; The accident scenario construction and evaluation module is used to construct accident scenarios based on the classified key risk factors and historical accident data, and to evaluate the accident scenarios; The accident scenario risk value calculation module is used to calculate the risk value of the assessed accident scenario, classify the accident scenario into different levels according to the risk value, and determine risk control measures according to the different levels; The risk value calculation module for the area to be assessed is used to construct a risk control operation flow chart, and determine the risk value of the area to be assessed based on the risk control operation flow chart and the accident scenario.

5. A ship navigation risk assessment and decision support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a real-time data processing module, a risk status monitoring module, an intelligent preventive measures recommendation module, an emergency response plan generation module, and an environmental impact assessment module; The real-time data processing module is used to obtain and process the real-time navigation data of the ship; The risk status monitoring module is used to monitor the navigation risk index of the ship according to the real-time navigation data and update the risk status of the navigation risk index; The intelligent preventive measures recommendation module is used to automatically recommend risk control measures; The emergency response plan generation module is used to provide an emergency response plan when a risk event occurs; The environmental impact assessment module is used to assess the potential impact of navigation activities on the environment and generate an assessment report.

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