A method for increasing the annual number of flower stubbles of cut roses

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fresh cut flower cultivation. A method for increasing the annual number of flower stubbles of cut roses is provided. The method comprises: in the process of cultivating cut roses, when the flower opening degree of the first batch of flowering mother branches reaches level 1 by more than 70%, the compound leaves grown on the axillary buds of the roses are wiped off. The method provided by the invention, by wiping off the compound leaves grown on the axillary buds of the roses, on the one hand, releases the dormancy of the axillary buds at the base, and after the flower branches are harvested, the axillary buds with the compound leaves at the base removed begin to grow rapidly, avoiding the phenomenon that the compound leaves grown on the axillary buds of the roses inhibit the germination of the axillary buds, and significantly advances the harvesting time of the next batch of flowers; on the other hand, the ventilation of the base can be enhanced, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of diseases and insect pests in the harvesting stage, and ultimately improving the quality of the cut roses. Moreover, by wiping off the compound leaves when the flower opening degree of the flowering mother branches reaches level 1 by more than 70%, the phenomenon that the buds develop into blind branches can be avoided, and the harvesting time of the next batch of flowers is further advanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fresh cut flower cultivation, and in particular to a method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses. Background Art

[0002] Rose( Rosa hybrida ) is a woody plant of the genus Rosa in the Rosaceae family and is the world's largest cut flower. In the different stages of the development of the rose fresh cut flower industry, high-yield and high-quality fresh cut flowers have always been the main goals pursued by flower producers around the world. Therefore, it is necessary to further break through technical barriers through continuous innovation to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency production.

[0003] Yunnan is the main production area of ​​cut roses in my country. Its annual production of flowers can reach 4-5 crops. The number of annual production of flowers determines the annual output of cut roses to a certain extent, and plays an important role in improving the quality and efficiency of cut roses. However, there are many commercial varieties of cut roses with low yields on the market, such as "Gaoyuanhong", "Cappuccino", "Corolla", etc. Therefore, how to increase the yield of these commercial varieties has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for effectively increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses.

[0005] A method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses comprises: in the process of cultivating cut roses, when the opening degree of flowers of the first batch of flowering mother branches reaches more than 70% and reaches level 1, removing the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the roses.

[0006] Furthermore, in the method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses as described above, the step of wiping off the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the roses comprises: gently wiping off 2-3 compound leaves on the aboveground part close to the base.

[0007] Furthermore, according to the method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses as described above, after the compound leaves are removed, when the first batch of cut flower mother branches reach the harvesting stage, flower branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 are selected, and the branches are pruned and harvested 1.0 cm from the upper ends of the two opposite leaves in the upper middle part of the branches.

[0008] Furthermore, according to the method for increasing the annual flower production of cut roses as described above, when the flowers of the second and subsequent batches of cut flower mother branches develop to the first stage, the five leaflets at the bottom of the base are removed; and when the flowers of the cut flower mother branches develop to the second stage, flower branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm are selected, and they are pruned and harvested 1 cm above the position where the five leaflets are removed at the base; at the same time, flower branches with a branch thickness less than 0.8 cm are compressed as nutrient branches or pruned.

[0009] The method for increasing the annual number of flower stubbles of cut roses provided by the present invention, by wiping off the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the roses, on the one hand, releases the dormancy of the axillary buds at the base, and after the flower branches are harvested, the axillary buds with the compound leaves at the base removed begin to grow rapidly, avoiding the phenomenon that the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the roses inhibit the germination of the axillary buds, thereby significantly advancing the harvesting time of the next batch of flowers; on the other hand, the ventilation of the base can be enhanced, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of diseases and insect pests at the harvesting stage, and ultimately improving the quality of the cut roses. Moreover, by wiping off the compound leaves when the flower opening degree of the flowering mother branches reaches level 1 by more than 70%, the phenomenon that the buds develop into blind branches can be avoided, thereby further advancing the harvesting time of the next batch of flowers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the length growth of axillary buds on days 0, 6, and 8 when the compound leaves were not removed after cutting and when the compound leaves were removed;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a comparison of the growth curves of the length of the axillary buds on the 0th, 6th and 8th days after cutting without removing the compound leaves and after removing the compound leaves;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a comparison of the cut rose with and without the basal compound leaves removed;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a comparison of the growth status of axillary buds 10 days after harvesting cut flower mother branches with and without compound leaves removed from the base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] In order to further improve the cultivation technology of cut roses to achieve high yields and thus improve industrial benefits, the applicant has conducted systematic and in-depth research on the growth and development of cut roses in the early stage, and found that the compound leaves growing in the axillary buds of roses significantly inhibit the germination of axillary buds. Therefore, the present application provides a method that can effectively increase the annual number of flower stubbles of cut roses to achieve high-yield cultivation of cut roses, the method comprising: in the process of cultivating cut roses, wiping off the compound leaves growing in the axillary buds of roses.

[0016] Specifically, after removing the compound leaves on the axillary buds of roses, the dormancy of the axillary buds at the base will be released despite the existence of apical dominance, and they will begin to slowly sprout; about 10-15 days later, after the flower branches that have reached the harvesting stage are harvested, the axillary buds begin to grow rapidly, and their growth rate is significantly faster than that of the axillary buds at the same node whose compound leaves are not removed at the base. This method can significantly speed up the harvesting process of the next batch of cut roses.

[0017] Figure 1 The figure is a comparison of the length growth of axillary buds on days 0, 6, and 8 after the compound leaves were removed and before the compound leaves were removed after cutting; the left control group is the length growth change of axillary buds on days 0, 6, and 8 after the compound leaves were not removed, and the right group with compound leaves removed is the length growth change of axillary buds on days 0, 6, and 8 after the compound leaves were removed; Figure 2 The graph is a comparison of the growth curves of axillary bud lengths on days 0, 6, and 8 after cuttings with and without compound leaves removed. *** indicates significant difference analysis, representing p-value ≤ 0.001. Figure 1 , Figure 2 It can be seen that after removing the compound leaves, the axillary buds began to grow rapidly, and their growth rate was significantly faster than that of the axillary buds at the same node whose compound leaves were not removed at the base.

[0018] Figure 3 The following are comparisons of the basal compound leaves of cut roses with and without removal. Figure A shows the growth status of the cut rose after the basal compound leaves have been removed, and Figure B shows the growth status of the cut rose after the basal compound leaves have been removed. The arrows in the figure indicate the locations where the basal compound leaves have been removed. Figure 3 It can be seen that by removing the compound leaves at the base, the ventilation of the base can be enhanced, thereby effectively reducing diseases and insect pests during the flower branch harvesting stage.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a comparison of the growth status of axillary buds of cut flower mother branches 10 days after the compound leaves were removed and those that were not removed. Figure A shows the growth status of the axillary buds of the compound leaves at the base without removing them, and Figure B shows the growth status of the axillary buds of the compound leaves at the base with the axillary buds removed. The arrows in the figure indicate the locations of the axillary buds of the compound leaves at the base without removing them. Figure 4 It can be seen that in normal growth, the axillary buds at the base are in a dormant state. After the flowers are picked, the axillary buds begin to germinate, and the flowering and harvesting period is extended. If the base leaves are removed during the color-release stage, the axillary buds begin to germinate and after the flowers are picked, the axillary buds grow rapidly, and the flowering and harvesting period is shortened, thereby increasing the annual number of flower stubbles.

[0020] The method provided by the present invention can remove the compound leaves grown on the axillary buds of roses during the cultivation of cut roses, so that on the one hand, the dormancy of the axillary buds at the base is released, and 10-15 days later, after the flower branches are harvested, the axillary buds with the compound leaves at the base removed have begun to grow, so that the harvesting time of the next crop of flowers is significantly advanced, the cultivation time of two crops of flowers is effectively shortened, and the annual number of crop production is increased by 1-2 crops of flowers on average; on the other hand, the ventilation of the base can be enhanced, and the incidence of diseases and insect pests (mainly gray mold, which is a devastating disease with a fast outbreak speed and often causes irreparable economic losses) in the harvesting stage is effectively reduced, thereby improving the quality of the cut roses; and the method has low technical requirements for workers.

[0021] Furthermore, the method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses also includes: in the cultivation of cut roses, when the flower opening degree of the first batch of flowering mother branches reaches level 1 by more than 70%, the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the roses are wiped off.

[0022] Specifically, the so-called level 1 refers to the stage when the sepals are flat and the flowers grow rapidly. If the basal compound leaves are removed at other stages, such as during the vegetative growth period, the axillary buds will germinate too early and develop into blind branches due to insufficient light; if it is removed too late, there will be no significant difference in growth rate after the flowering mother branches are harvested; therefore, the compound leaves are removed when the flower opening degree of the flowering mother branches is more than 70% and reaches level 1. After harvesting, the axillary buds have begun to germinate and there is sufficient light, which will not cause the blind branch phenomenon.

[0023] The method provided by the present invention can avoid the phenomenon of buds developing into blind branches by removing compound leaves when the flower opening degree of the flowering mother branch reaches level 1 by more than 70%, thereby further advancing the harvesting time of the next batch of flowers.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of removing the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the rose comprises: gently removing 2-3 compound leaves on the above-ground part close to the base.

[0025] Specifically, the purpose of gently removing the compound leaves in the present invention is to avoid damaging the axillary buds and ensure the integrity of the axillary buds. If the axillary buds are damaged, the quality of the subsequent flowering branches will be affected. In addition, because an axillary bud will develop into a fresh cut flower, the present invention can ensure that the number of flowering branches in the next batch is maintained at 2-3 flowers by removing 2-3 compound leaves, and the quality of the flowering branches can be guaranteed. If 4-5 compound leaves are removed, although the yield of the next batch of flowers is significantly improved, each flowering branch is relatively thin and weak, which will seriously affect the quality of the cut flowers.

[0026] The method provided by the invention can effectively improve the quality of fresh cut flowers by gently wiping off 2-3 compound leaves near the base of the above-ground part of the flowering mother branch.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses also includes: after the compound leaves are removed, when the first batch of cut flower mother branches reach the harvesting stage, branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm are selected, and branches are pruned and harvested from 1.0 cm above the upper ends of two leaves growing opposite each other in the upper middle part of the branches.

[0028] Particularly, because branch thickness is an important index of fresh cut flower quality, when thickness is greater than 0.8 centimetre, the thickness of the next crop of flower branches of its growth will be guaranteed to be more than 0.8 centimetre, if branch thickness is less than 0.8 centimetre, the thickness of the next crop of flower branches will also be less than 0.8 centimetre, causing serious reduction in quality. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of each crop of flowers, the present invention selects the flower branches with thickness greater than 0.8 centimetre to be pruned, and the branches less than 0.8 centimetre are cut off or used as nutrient branches. In addition, due to the longer stem length above the axillary bud during pruning, the inhibitory effect on the axillary bud sprouting is stronger, otherwise when the stem above the axillary bud is less than 1.0 centimetres, the wound will cause the water loss in the axillary bud to be faster, thereby causing the axillary bud to be necrosis. Therefore, the present invention selects to carry out pruning and harvesting at 1.0 centimetres of the upper ends of the two leaves of opposite birth, neither causing the axillary bud to be necrosis due to wound flow, nor slowing down the growth rate of axillary bud sprouting.

[0029] The method provided by the present invention can not only advance the harvesting time of the next crop of flowers, but also significantly improve the quality of the next crop of flowers by pruning and harvesting at 1.0 cm above the upper ends of two leaves growing opposite each other in the upper middle part of branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm.

[0030] Furthermore, the method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses also includes: when the flowers of the second batch and subsequent batches of cut flower mother branches develop to the first stage, the five leaflets at the bottom of the base are removed; and when the flowers of the cut flower mother branches develop to the second stage, flower branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm are selected, and pruning and harvesting are performed 1 cm above the position where the five leaflets are removed at the base; at the same time, flower branches with a branch thickness less than 0.8 cm are compressed as nutrient branches or pruned.

[0031] Specifically, when the second batch of flowers develops to the first stage, the five leaflets at the bottom of the base are removed; when the flowers develop to the second harvesting stage, branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm are selected, and pruning is performed 1 cm above the position where the five leaflets are removed from the base. Branches with a branch thickness less than 0.8 cm are compressed or cut off. The new three batches of flower branches and the fourth batch of flower branches all select branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm, and remove the five leaflets at the bottom of the base; when the flowers develop to the second harvesting stage, branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm are selected, and pruning is performed 1 cm above the position where the five leaflets are removed from the base. Branches with a branch thickness less than 0.8 cm are compressed or cut off.

[0032] In addition, since the axillary buds at the five leaflets at the base node are fully developed, while the axillary buds at the other 1 / 3 of the compound leaves are incompletely developed, which has an impact on the quality of subsequent flowering branches, the present invention can effectively improve the quality of the next crop of cut flowers by removing the five leaflets at the bottom of the base.

[0033] In addition, the present invention performs pruning and harvesting of the first batch at 1 cm above the position where 5 leaflets are removed from the base, while the second batch of pruning and harvesting is performed at 1 cm above the position where 5 leaflets are removed from the base. This is because the two leaves at the base of the first batch of flowers are removed in order to allow the next batch to have two axillary buds, which can develop into two commercial flowers. If the number of leaves (axillary buds) left after pruning the second batch of flowers is more, the yield will be higher, but the thickness of each branch is relatively thin and weak, and the quality is extremely low. Therefore, starting from the second batch of flowers, only the lowest leaf at the base of the second batch of flower branches is left for each pruning, thereby effectively ensuring the quality of cut flowers and improving industrial benefits.

[0034] The present invention presses or cuts off the flower branches less than 0.8 cm because the branches with a thickness less than 0.8 cm cannot become commercial flowers. Therefore, these weak branches are pressed to form nutrient branches, which provide sufficient nutrients for the growth and development of the main flower branches, thereby further improving the quality of the next batch of flowers.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the annual number of flower stubbles of cut roses, characterized in that: include: In the process of cultivating cut roses, when the first batch of flowering mother branches have a flower opening degree of more than 70% and reach level 1, remove the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the roses; The method of removing the compound leaves growing on the axillary buds of the rose comprises: removing 2-3 compound leaves on the above-ground part close to the base.

2. The method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the compound leaves are removed, when the first batch of cut flower mother branches reach the harvesting stage, flower branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm are selected and cut and harvested from 1.0 cm above the upper ends of two leaves growing opposite each other in the upper middle part of the branch.

3. The method for increasing the annual flower stubble number of cut roses according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the flowers of the second and subsequent batches of cut flower mother branches develop to the first stage, remove the five leaflets at the bottom of the base; and when the flowers of the cut flower mother branches develop to the second stage, select flower branches with a branch thickness greater than 0.8 cm, and prune and harvest them 1 cm above the position where the five leaflets are removed at the base; at the same time, flower branches with a branch thickness less than 0.8 cm should be compressed as nutrient branches or cut off.

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