A multi-scraper electric land grader for mining engineering

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of graders, and in particular to a multi-scraper-blade electric grader for mining engineering, comprising a vehicle body and a frame, wherein the frame comprises a rectangular frame, the rear end of the rectangular frame is rotatably connected to a rear wheel axle, and both sides of the rear wheel axle are rotatably connected to tires; two front movable rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the front end of the rectangular frame, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected between the front ends of the two front movable rods; a scraper cylinder is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the rotating shaft; a fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular frame; a scraper blade is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the fixed shaft, and the blade edge of the scraper blade is located at the bottom and faces forward; a hydraulic control system is arranged on the frame; the scraper cylinder rolls on the ground along with the advancement of the vehicle, the compacted ground is preliminarily loosened, and the scraper blade can be automatically raised and lowered accordingly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of land levelers, and in particular to a multi-scraper-blade electric land leveler for mining engineering. Background Art

[0002] A motor grader, also known as a motor grader or a motor grader bulldozer, is a main machine used for shaping and leveling operations in earthmoving projects. It uses a transmission system to enable the scraper to level the road surface. It is widely used in technical fields such as road construction, land reclamation, construction sites and mining projects.

[0003] The motor grader with publication number CN111456129A can distribute the material by means of a spiral material distribution mechanism before spreading the material by means of a shovel blade, thereby reducing the operating resistance of the shovel blade, reducing the number of back and forth leveling times of the motor grader, and reducing material segregation, thereby effectively improving the construction efficiency and quality of the motor grader.

[0004] In mining projects, due to blasting vibration, mining and transportation and loading of heavy transport vehicles, a continuous undulating wavy hard road surface will be formed over a long period of time. The wavy road section will cause the vehicle to bump and shake during driving, reducing the stability of the vehicle and increasing the difficulty and danger of the driver's operation. Due to the uneven road surface, the braking distance of the vehicle may increase, which reduces the safety during emergency braking. At the same time, long-term driving on wavy sections will easily damage the vehicle's suspension system, tires and other components, increasing maintenance costs and safety hazards.

[0005] Based on this, a motor grader is needed to trim the wavy road sections. If the motor grader's blade keeps at the same height all the time, the road surface will still be undulating after the motor grader levels the ground once. If the blade is manually raised and lowered frequently according to the undulation of the road surface, the driver's operation difficulty will be greatly increased. In order to pay attention to the undulation of the road surface, the speed of the motor grader will also decrease, reducing work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-scraper-blade electric grader for mining engineering to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] Based on the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering, including a vehicle body, including: a frame, the frame including a rectangular frame, the rear end of the rectangular frame is rotatably connected to a rear wheel axle, and tires are rotatably connected to both sides of the rear wheel axle; two front movable rods are provided, which are rotatably connected to both sides of the front end of the rectangular frame, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected between the front ends of the two front movable rods; a scraper cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the rotating shaft; a fixed shaft, which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular frame; a scraper blade, which is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the fixed shaft, the scraper blade is in an arc shape, and the cutting edge of the scraper blade is located at the bottom and faces forward; a hydraulic control system is arranged on the frame, and the hydraulic control system is transmission-connected to the scraper cylinder.

[0008] As an optional embodiment, the hydraulic control system includes two support arms rotatably connected to both sides of the frame, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected between the two support arms, two first telescopic cylinders are respectively connected to the two ends of the connecting shaft and the two ends of the scraper barrel, the first telescopic cylinder includes a first cylinder body rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, a first telescopic column is slidably connected in the first cylinder body, the front end of the first telescopic column is rotatably connected to the scraper barrel, two telescopic oil cylinders are respectively connected to the two ends of the connecting shaft and the two ends of the scraper barrel, the front end of the telescopic oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rear wheel axle, and the rear end of the telescopic oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft.

[0009] As an optional embodiment, the hydraulic control system also includes two connecting ears fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the back of the scraper blade, the tail of the rectangular frame is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft, each of the connecting ears is hinged with a second telescopic cylinder, and the other ends of the two second telescopic cylinders are rotatably connected to the fixed shaft.

[0010] As an optional embodiment, two switching mechanisms are fixedly connected on both sides of the rectangular frame, and the switching mechanism includes two mounting brackets fixedly connected on both sides of the frame, and each mounting bracket is fixedly connected to a switching block, and a first hydraulic channel and a second hydraulic channel are horizontally arranged inside the switching block, and a sliding groove is also provided in the switching block, and a sliding block is also slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a third hydraulic channel is provided in the sliding block, the front end of the sliding block is fixedly connected to a fixed bracket, and the top end of the fixed bracket is rotatably connected to a sliding shaft, and a cam groove is provided at the rear rotation center of the front movable rod, and the sliding shaft is slidably connected in the cam groove.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the cam groove includes a raised portion and a smooth portion, the raised portion has a radius greater than that of the smooth portion, and the raised portion and the smooth portion are communicated and connected.

[0012] As an optional embodiment, a return spring is disposed between the tail of the first telescopic column and the first cylinder body, a pipeline is connected to the tail of the first cylinder body and the first hydraulic channel, a pipeline is connected to the tail of the telescopic cylinder and the second hydraulic channel, and a pipeline is connected to the tail of the second telescopic cylinder and the third hydraulic channel.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the scraper cylinder is a combination of multiple scraper wheels, and each of the scraper wheels is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0014] As an optional implementation, a plurality of toothed scrapers are fixedly connected to each scraper wheel at equal circumferences.

[0015] As an optional embodiment, the toothed scraper blade end is bent forward.

[0016] As an optional implementation, two sides of the rectangular frame are fixedly connected with a drag frame, and the drag frame is fixedly connected to the vehicle body.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when leveling the wavy road surface, the present invention rolls the scraper drum on the ground along with the advancement of the vehicle, preliminarily loosens the compacted ground, and then the scraper blade subsequently shovels and levels the ground. When encountering undulating ground, the scraper drum will rise and fall accordingly, and the driving force will be transmitted to the scraper blade through the hydraulic transmission system, so that the scraper blade can rise and fall automatically, and there is no need for the operator to manually raise and lower the scraper blade. After the wavy road surface is initially leveled, the road surface needs to be further refined for leveling. In order to speed up the leveling rate and reduce damage to the road surface, the scraper drum does not need to work. Through the hydraulic control system, the scraper drum is lifted up without contacting the ground, and the scraper blade is manually controlled by the operator to adjust the lifting height of the scraper blade to complete the further leveling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a switch block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the scraper wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] The markings in the figure are:

[0025] 1. Frame; 2. Rectangular frame; 3. Rear wheel axle; 4. Tire; 5. Front movable rod; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Scraper cylinder; 8. Fixed shaft; 9. Scraper blade; 10. Hydraulic control system; 11. Support arm; 12. Connecting shaft; 13. First telescopic cylinder; 14. First cylinder body; 15. First telescopic column; 16. Telescopic oil cylinder; 17. Connecting ear; 18. Second telescopic cylinder; 19. Switching mechanism; 20. Mounting bracket; 21. Switching block; 22. First hydraulic channel; 23. Second hydraulic channel; 24. Sliding groove; 25. Sliding block; 26. Third hydraulic channel; 27. Fixed bracket; 28. Sliding shaft; 29. ​​Cam groove; 30. Raised part; 31. Stabilizing part; 32. Scraper wheel; 33. Toothed scraper; 34. Drag frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a multi-scraper 9-type electric grader for mining engineering includes a vehicle body, including: a frame 1, the frame 1 includes a rectangular frame 2, the rear end of the rectangular frame 2 is rotatably connected to a rear wheel axle 3, and the two sides of the rear wheel axle 3 are rotatably connected to tires 4; two front movable rods 5 are provided, which are rotatably connected to the two sides of the front end of the rectangular frame 2, and a rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected between the front ends of the two front movable rods 5; a scraper cylinder 7 is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the rotating shaft 6; a fixed shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular frame 2; a scraper blade 9 is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the fixed shaft 8, the scraper blade 9 is curved, and the cutting edge of the scraper blade 9 is located at the bottom and faces forward; a hydraulic control system 10 is arranged on the frame 1, and the hydraulic control system 10 is transmission-connected to the scraper cylinder 7.

[0029] In this embodiment, when leveling the wavy road surface, the scraper drum 7 rolls on the ground along with the forward movement of the vehicle to preliminarily loosen the compacted ground, and then the scraper blade 9 performs subsequent shoveling and leveling. When encountering undulating ground, the scraper drum 7 will rise and fall accordingly, and the driving force will be transmitted to the scraper blade 9 through the hydraulic transmission system, so that the scraper blade 9 can rise and fall automatically, and there is no need for the operator to manually raise and lower the scraper blade 9. After the wavy road surface is initially leveled, it is necessary to further refine the leveling of the road surface. In order to speed up the leveling rate and reduce damage to the road surface, the scraper drum 7 does not need to work. Through the hydraulic control system 10, the scraper drum 7 is lifted up without contacting the ground, and the scraper blade 9 is manually controlled by the operator to increase or decrease the lifting height of the scraper blade 9 to complete the further leveling process.

[0030] As an optional implementation, Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic control system 10 includes two support arms 11 rotatably connected to both sides of the frame 1, a connecting shaft 12 is fixedly connected between the two support arms 11, two first telescopic cylinders 13 are respectively connected between the two ends of the connecting shaft 12 and the two ends of the scraper barrel 7, the first telescopic cylinder 13 includes a first cylinder body 14 rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 12, a first telescopic column 15 is slidably connected in the first cylinder body 14, the front end of the first telescopic column 15 is rotatably connected to the scraper barrel 7, two telescopic oil cylinders 16 are also respectively connected between the two ends of the connecting shaft 12 and the two ends of the scraper barrel 7, the front end of the telescopic oil cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the rear wheel axle 3, and the rear end of the telescopic oil cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 12.

[0031] In this way, when the wavy road surface is first leveled, the telescopic cylinder 16 is raised and lowered to the specified position and then fixed, the first telescopic cylinder 13 is filled with hydraulic oil, and the scraper barrel 7 encounters undulating changes in the road surface and the oil is transmitted to the first cylinder body 14 through the first telescopic column 15.

[0032] As an optional implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic control system 10 also includes two connecting ears 17 fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the back of the scraper blade 9, the tail of the rectangular frame 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 8, and each of the connecting ears 17 is hinged with a second telescopic cylinder 18, and the other ends of the two second telescopic cylinders 18 are rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 8. In this way, the second telescopic cylinder 18 is filled with hydraulic oil, and the extension and contraction of the second telescopic cylinder 18 will enable the scraper blade 9 to achieve rotation adjustment, and the rotation of the scraper blade 9 will cause the blade edge height of the scraper blade 9 to change, thereby achieving the change of the scraping depth of the scraper blade 9.

[0033] As an optional implementation, Figure 3-4 As shown, two switching mechanisms 19 are fixedly connected on both sides of the rectangular frame, and the switching mechanism 19 includes two mounting brackets 20 fixedly connected on both sides of the frame 1, and a switching block 21 is fixedly connected to each mounting bracket 20, and a first hydraulic channel 22 and a second hydraulic channel 23 are arranged transversely inside the switching block 21, and a sliding groove 24 is also arranged inside the switching block 21, and a slider 25 is also slidably connected inside the sliding groove 24, and a third hydraulic channel 26 is arranged inside the slider 25, and a fixed bracket 27 is fixedly connected to the head end of the slider 25, and a sliding shaft 28 is rotatably connected to the top end of the fixed bracket 27, and a cam groove 29 is arranged at the rear rotation center of the front movable rod 5, and the sliding shaft 28 is slidably connected in the cam groove 29. In this way, the rotation of the front movable rod 5 will cause the cam groove 29 to rotate, and then push the sliding shaft 28 to move horizontally in the sliding groove 24, so that the first hydraulic channel 22 and the third hydraulic channel 26 are connected, or the second hydraulic channel 23 and the third hydraulic channel 26 are connected.

[0034] As an optional implementation, Figure 3-4 As shown, the cam groove 29 includes a raised portion 30 and a stable portion 31, the radius of the raised portion 30 is larger than the stable portion 31, and the raised portion 30 is connected and connected to the stable portion 31. In this way, the stable portion 31 and the raised portion 30 of the slide shaft 28 in the cam groove 29 correspond to the movement state switching of the slider 25 in the slide groove 24, in other words, the state switching between the first hydraulic channel 22 and the third hydraulic channel 26 being connected, or the second hydraulic channel 23 and the third hydraulic channel 26 being connected.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, a return spring is provided between the tail of the first telescopic column 15 and the first cylinder body 14, a pipe is connected between the tail of the first cylinder body 14 and the first hydraulic channel 22, a pipe is connected between the tail of the telescopic oil cylinder 16 and the second hydraulic channel 23, and a pipe is connected between the tail of the second telescopic cylinder 18 and the third hydraulic channel 26. In this way, when the wavy road surface is initially leveled, the telescopic oil cylinder 16 has a fixed telescopic length, and the sliding shaft 28 is located in the stable portion 31 in the cam groove 29. In other words, the first hydraulic channel 22 and the third hydraulic channel 26 are connected, that is, the telescopic movement of the first telescopic cylinder 13 is linked to the linkage of the second telescopic cylinder 18. Adding a return spring can make the first telescopic cylinder 13 telescopic according to the undulation of the ground, so that the scraper shaft is always in contact with the ground when the wavy road surface is initially leveled, and the undulation of the ground is transmitted to the second telescopic cylinder 18 through the hydraulic oil. When the scraper barrel 7 encounters a bulge or depression, the scraper blade 9 behind will also adjust the scraping angle of the scraper blade 9 accordingly, thereby changing the scraper blade The height of 9 decreases when encountering a raised road surface and increases when encountering a sunken road surface, thereby reducing the degree of fluctuation of the road surface as a whole. When performing secondary leveling of the road surface, in order to increase the leveling rate and reduce damage to the road surface, the telescopic cylinder 16 is driven to contract, so that the scraper barrel 7 is lifted and does not contact the ground. At the same time, the sliding shaft 28 is located in the raised portion 30 under the rotation of the cam groove 29. In other words, the second hydraulic channel 23 and the third hydraulic channel 26 are connected. That is to say, the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder 16 is linked to the second telescopic cylinder 18. The scraper blade 9 is controlled by separately controlling the extension and retraction degree of the telescopic cylinder 16. The lifting and lowering of the entire system and the state switching are controlled as a whole through the flow of hydraulic oil.

[0036] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the scraper drum 7 is composed of a plurality of scraper wheels 32, and each of the scraper wheels 32 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 6. In this way, when encountering buried stones on the road surface, the entire scraper drum 7 will not stop moving, and if some scraper wheels 32 are damaged, only some scraper wheels 32 need to be taken for repair.

[0037] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of toothed scrapers 33 are fixedly connected to each scraper wheel 32 at equal circumferences. In this way, the toothed scrapers 33 have a smaller force-bearing area and can penetrate the road surface more effectively.

[0038] As an optional implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the blade end of the toothed scraper 33 is bent forward. In this way, after the scraper barrel 7 passes over the road surface, part of the soil can be turned up, which is convenient for subsequent scraping blade 9 to remove.

[0039] As an optional implementation, Figure 3As shown, the two sides of the rectangular frame 2 are fixedly connected with a drag frame 34, and the drag frame 34 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body. In this way, the vehicle body provides the power for the grader to move forward.

[0040] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples; under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering, comprising a vehicle body, characterized in that: include: A frame (1), the frame (1) comprising a rectangular frame (2), the tail of the rectangular frame (2) being rotatably connected to a rear wheel axle (3), and both sides of the rear wheel axle (3) being rotatably connected to tires (4); There are two front movable rods (5), which are rotatably connected to both sides of the front end of the rectangular frame (2), and a rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected between the front ends of the two front movable rods (5); A scraper cylinder (7) rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the rotating shaft (6); A fixed shaft (8) fixedly connected to the rear end of the rectangular frame (2); A scraper blade (9) is rotatably connected to the outer circular end of the fixed shaft (8), the scraper blade (9) is in an arc shape, and the edge of the scraper blade (9) is located at the bottom and faces forward; A hydraulic control system (10) is arranged on the frame (1), and the hydraulic control system (10) is drivingly connected to the scraper cylinder (7); The hydraulic control system (10) comprises two support arms (11) rotatably connected to both sides of the frame (1), a connecting shaft (12) is fixedly connected between the two support arms (11), two first telescopic cylinders (13) are respectively connected between the two ends of the connecting shaft (12) and the two ends of the scraper cylinder (7), the first telescopic cylinder (13) comprises a first cylinder body (14) rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (12), a first telescopic column (15) is slidably connected inside the first cylinder body (14), the front end of the first telescopic column (15) is rotatably connected to the scraper cylinder (7), two telescopic oil cylinders (16) are respectively connected between the two ends of the connecting shaft (12) and the two ends of the scraper cylinder (7), the front end of the telescopic oil cylinder (16) is rotatably connected to the rear wheel shaft (3), and the rear end of the telescopic oil cylinder (16) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (12); The hydraulic control system (10) further comprises two connecting ears (17) fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the back of the scraper blade (9), each of the connecting ears (17) being hinged with a second telescopic cylinder (18), and the other ends of the two second telescopic cylinders (18) being rotatably connected to the fixed shaft (8); Two switching mechanisms (19) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the rectangular frame (2). The switching mechanism (19) comprises two mounting brackets (20) fixedly connected to the two sides of the frame (1). A switching block (21) is fixedly connected to each mounting bracket (20). A first hydraulic channel (22) and a second hydraulic channel (23) are arranged transversely inside the switching block (21). A sliding groove (24) is also arranged inside the switching block (21). A sliding block (25) is slidably connected inside the sliding groove (24). A third hydraulic channel (26) is arranged inside the sliding block (25). A fixed bracket (27) is fixedly connected to the front end of the sliding block (25). A sliding shaft (28) is rotatably connected to the top end of the fixed bracket (27). A cam groove (29) is arranged at the rear rotation center of the front movable rod (5). The sliding shaft (28) is slidably connected in the cam groove (29).

2. A multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam groove (29) comprises a raised portion (30) and a stable portion (31); the raised portion (30) has a radius greater than that of the stable portion (31); and the raised portion (30) and the stable portion (31) are communicated and connected.

3. The multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return spring is provided between the tail of the first telescopic column (15) and the first cylinder body (14), a pipeline is connected between the tail of the first cylinder body (14) and the first hydraulic channel (22), a pipeline is connected between the tail of the telescopic oil cylinder (16) and the second hydraulic channel (23), and a pipeline is connected between the tail of the second telescopic cylinder (18) and the third hydraulic channel (26).

4. The multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper cylinder (7) is a combination of a plurality of scraper wheels (32), and each of the scraper wheels (32) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (6).

5. The multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of toothed scrapers (33) are fixedly connected to each scraper wheel (32) at equal circumferences.

6. The multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blade end of the toothed scraper (33) is bent forward.

7. The multi-scraper electric grader for mining engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the rectangular frame (2) are fixedly connected with a drag frame (34), and the drag frame (34) is fixedly connected to the vehicle body.

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