A power system monitoring device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a power system monitoring device and method, belonging to the field of engineering machinery technology. The power system includes a gearbox, which comprises a housing, bearings, and a drive shaft. A bearing cavity is provided on the housing, and the bearings are disposed within the bearing cavity. The drive shaft is connected to the bearings. The power system monitoring device includes a power generation component and a monitoring component. The power generation component includes a thermoelectric generator, with its hot end facing the bearing cavity and its cold end away from the bearing cavity. Lubricating oil within the bearing cavity can flush the hot end of the thermoelectric generator, causing it to generate electrical energy. The monitoring component includes a circuit board and multiple sensors. The sensors are electrically connected to the circuit board, and the power generation component provides electrical energy to the circuit board. The multiple sensors include a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a torque sensor. The power system monitoring method utilizes the aforementioned power system monitoring device. It fully utilizes heat, enables monitoring, reduces failure rates, and saves energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a power system monitoring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Construction machinery typically uses motors and gearboxes to provide power. Gearboxes may malfunction during operation. Due to their sealed internal structure, routine inspections often fail to detect internal faults promptly. Furthermore, frequently disassembling the gearbox inspection port cover or plug is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and can compromise sealing, leading to oil leaks or contamination of the gearbox oil. Sensors are typically used to monitor the gearbox's status, powered by batteries. However, battery replacement is difficult, resulting in high costs for fault monitoring.

[0003] Furthermore, gearbox lubrication typically employs oil immersion lubrication, where the rotation of gears or other auxiliary components carries lubricating oil to the meshing points, with some oil also lubricating the bearings. Bearings generate heat during operation, and the lubricating oil carries away this heat, thus providing a cooling effect. However, the bearings are cooled by the lubricating oil, meaning the heat is not fully utilized. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power system monitoring device and method to solve the technical problems of difficulty in monitoring gearbox faults and insufficient utilization of heat generated at the bearing in the prior art.

[0005] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A power system monitoring device, the power system including a gearbox, the gearbox including a housing, a bearing and a drive shaft, the housing having a bearing cavity, the bearing being disposed within the bearing cavity, the drive shaft being drively connected to the bearing, the power system monitoring device comprising:

[0007] A power generation component is disposed within the housing. The power generation component includes a thermoelectric generator, the hot end of which faces the bearing cavity, and the cold end of which is away from the bearing cavity. Lubricating oil in the bearing cavity can flush the hot end of the thermoelectric generator to generate electricity. Alternatively, the hot end of the thermoelectric generator faces the drive shaft, and the cold end of which is away from the drive shaft. Heat is transferred to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator through the drive shaft, and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator dissipates heat through lubricating oil or air.

[0008] A monitoring component includes a circuit board and multiple sensors electrically connected to the circuit board. A power generation component supplies electrical energy to the circuit board. The multiple sensors include a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a torque sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the thermoelectric generator is fixedly connected to the drive shaft and arranged in a ring around the circumference of the drive shaft, and the circuit board is disposed on the drive shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the hot end of the thermoelectric generator is provided with a heat collection plate, which is located inside the bearing cavity; and / or, the cold end of the thermoelectric generator is provided with a heat dissipation plate, which extends away from the bearing cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the power generation component further includes a plurality of piezoelectric generators, which are fixedly mounted on the drive shaft and generate electrical energy under the vibration of the drive shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the power generation component further includes a coil and a magnet, one of which is disposed on the drive shaft and the other is disposed on the housing. During the rotation of the drive shaft, the coil and the magnet have relative motion to generate electrical energy, and the coil is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0013] Preferably, the coil is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, the circuit board is disposed on the drive shaft, and the magnet is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0014] Preferably, the power system further includes a motor, which is disposed outside the housing and can drive the drive shaft to rotate. The coil cuts the electromagnetic waves emitted by the motor into the surrounding space to generate electrical energy as it rotates synchronously with the drive shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the system further includes a mounting ring and a torque ring, both of which are fixed to the drive shaft. At least a portion of the torque ring is inserted into the mounting ring along the axial direction of the drive shaft to form a receiving space between the mounting ring and the torque ring. The circuit board is disposed on the mounting ring and located within the receiving space. The torque sensor is disposed on the torque ring and located within the receiving space. The torque sensor and the circuit board are arranged radially opposite each other along the drive shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the circuit board is also included with a storage battery, which is electrically connected to the circuit board and is capable of storing the electrical energy provided by the power generation component.

[0017] A power system monitoring method, employing the aforementioned power system monitoring device, includes:

[0018] During the rotation of the drive shaft, lubricating oil splashes, and some of the lubricating oil flows through the bearing to carry away the heat generated by the bearing. The lubricating oil washes the hot end of the thermoelectric generator to raise its temperature. The hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric generator generate a temperature difference to generate electricity and provide power to the circuit board. Alternatively, heat is transferred to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator through the drive shaft, and some of the lubricating oil flows through the cold end of the thermoelectric generator to dissipate heat from the thermoelectric generator.

[0019] Vibration sensors collect vibration information from the drive shaft and transmit it to the controller; temperature sensors collect temperature information inside the housing and transmit it to the controller; torque sensors collect torque information from the drive shaft and transmit it to the controller.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] The power system monitoring device proposed in this invention incorporates a thermoelectric generator within the gearbox housing. During the rotation of the drive shaft, lubricating oil splashes, with some flowing over the bearings to carry away the heat generated. The lubricating oil also washes over the hot end of the thermoelectric generator, raising its temperature. The temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the generator generates electricity, which is then supplied to the circuit board, thus fully utilizing the heat generated by the bearings. Multiple sensors, including vibration, temperature, and torque sensors, are electrically connected to the circuit board, enabling the monitoring of vibration, temperature, and torque information for timely fault handling. Through the combined use of the thermoelectric generator and sensors, not only is heat fully utilized, but vibration, temperature, and torque information are also monitored, reducing the failure rate. Furthermore, the device eliminates the need for batteries, saving energy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power system monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a power system monitoring device is provided.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another power system monitoring device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power system monitoring device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power system monitoring device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A partial structural diagram.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 110. Housing; 120. Bearing; 130. Drive shaft;

[0033] 11. Thermoelectric generator; 111. Heat collector; 112. Heat sink; 12. Coil; 13. Magnet; 14. Piezoelectric generator;

[0034] 21. Circuit board; 22. Torque sensor;

[0035] 30. Mounting ring; 31. First mounting part; 32. Second mounting part;

[0036] 40. Torque ring; 41. First support part; 42. Second support part;

[0037] 50. Fixed-distance ring;

[0038] 60. Fixing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] See Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a power system monitoring device. The power system includes a gearbox, which comprises a housing 110, a bearing 120, and a drive shaft 130. The housing 110 has a bearing cavity, and the bearing 120 is disposed within the bearing cavity. The drive shaft 130 is drively connected to the bearing 120. The drive shaft 130 can be a gear shaft, a motor shaft, or other shaft. The power system monitoring device is used to monitor relevant information of the gearbox, typically including vibration information, temperature information, and torque information.

[0045] The power system monitoring device includes a power generation component and a monitoring component. The power generation component is housed inside the housing 110 and includes a thermoelectric generator 11. The hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11 faces the bearing cavity, and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 11 is away from the bearing cavity. The lubricating oil in the bearing cavity can flush the hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11 so that the thermoelectric generator 11 generates electrical energy. The monitoring component includes a circuit board 21 and multiple sensors. The sensors are electrically connected to the circuit board 21. The power generation component provides electrical energy to the circuit board 21. The multiple sensors include a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a torque sensor 22.

[0046] During the rotation of the drive shaft 130, lubricating oil splashes, and some of the lubricating oil flows over the bearing 120, carrying away the heat generated by the bearing 120. The lubricating oil washes over the hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11, causing the hot end to heat up. The hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric generator 11 generate a temperature difference to generate electricity and supply power to the circuit board 21, thus making full use of the heat generated by the bearing 120. The sensor is electrically connected to the circuit board 21. Multiple sensors, including a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, and a torque sensor 22, can monitor vibration, temperature, and torque information, facilitating timely fault handling. Through the cooperation of the thermoelectric generator 11 and the sensors, not only is the heat generated by the bearing 120 fully utilized, but vibration, temperature, and torque information can also be monitored, reducing the failure rate, eliminating the need for a battery, and saving energy.

[0047] In other embodiments, the hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11 faces the drive shaft 130, while the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 11 is away from the drive shaft 130. Heat is transferred to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11 through the drive shaft 130. During rotation, the drive shaft 130 causes lubricating oil to splash, and some of the lubricating oil flows over the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 11 to dissipate heat. Alternatively, the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 11 is located outside the housing and in contact with the air.

[0048] In addition, multiple sensors may include noise sensors, displacement sensors, and strain sensors. The types of sensors can be set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0049] In this embodiment, the thermoelectric generator 11 can be disposed on the drive shaft 130 or on the housing 110. In this embodiment, the thermoelectric generator 11 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 130. Correspondingly, the circuit board 21 electrically connected to the thermoelectric generator 11 is also disposed on the drive shaft 130, and multiple sensors electrically connected to the circuit board 21 are also disposed on the drive shaft 130.

[0050] The thermoelectric generator 11 is arranged in a ring around the circumference of the drive shaft 130 to increase the area of ​​the thermoelectric generator 11 and make full use of the heat at the bearing 120. The thermoelectric generator 11 is an existing generator that converts temperature difference into electrical energy. Its working principle is to generate an electromotive force through two different materials at different temperatures and generate electrical energy through circuit connection. The principle will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The thermoelectric generator 11 has a heat collection plate 111 at its hot end, which is located inside the bearing cavity. During the flow of lubricating oil, the lubricating oil washes over the heat collection plate 111, which transfers heat to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11, causing the hot end to heat up. Therefore, the arrangement of the heat collection plate 111 increases the contact area with the lubricating oil and improves the power generation effect.

[0052] The thermoelectric generator 11 has a heat sink 112 at its cold end, which extends away from the bearing cavity. The heat sink 112 increases the heat dissipation area, making it easier to dissipate the cold energy at the cold end of the thermoelectric generator 11 in a timely manner, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0053] The thermoelectric generator 11 can be directly connected to the drive shaft 130. Alternatively, the power system monitoring device also includes a mounting ring 30, which is sleeved on and fixedly connected to the drive shaft 130. The thermoelectric generator 11 is mounted on the mounting ring 30. The circuit board 21 and the sensor are also mounted on the mounting ring 30.

[0054] To facilitate the utilization of the heat from the bearing 120, a mounting ring 30 is disposed on one side of the bearing cavity, so that the thermoelectric generator 11 is close to the bearing cavity. The mounting ring 30 includes a first mounting portion 31 and a second mounting portion 32 coaxially connected. The first mounting portion 31 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 130. The inner diameter of the second mounting portion 32 is larger than the outer diameter of the drive shaft 130 and extends away from the bearing 120. The thermoelectric generator 11 is disposed in the first mounting portion 31, and the circuit board 21 is disposed in the second mounting portion 32.

[0055] Specifically, the second mounting part 32 has a receiving cavity, the circuit board 21 is disposed in the receiving cavity, and the wires connected to the thermoelectric generator 11 extend through the receiving cavity to the circuit board 21 and are connected to the circuit board 21.

[0056] The vibration sensor is connected to circuit board 21 via a vibration acquisition circuit, and the temperature sensor is connected to circuit board 21 via a temperature acquisition circuit. Both the vibration and temperature sensors are existing sensors used to monitor the vibration and temperature information of the drive shaft 130 and transmit it to the controller. The controller can determine whether the gearbox is malfunctioning based on this information. The controller can be wirelessly connected to the sensors or circuit board 21, so the controller can be placed outside the housing 110. The controller can be powered by a battery or a wired power supply. Wireless connection can be existing technologies such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, which will not be elaborated here.

[0057] The torque sensor 22 can be directly mounted on the drive shaft 130, or the power system monitoring device can also include a torque ring 40, which is sleeved on and fixedly connected to the drive shaft 130, with the torque sensor 22 mounted on the torque ring 40. By setting the torque ring 40, the torque on the drive shaft 130 is amplified, making it easier for the torque sensor 22 to monitor.

[0058] At least a portion of the torque ring 40 is inserted into the mounting ring 30 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 130 so that a receiving space is formed between the mounting ring 30 and the torque ring 40. The circuit board 21 is provided with the mounting ring 30 and is located within the receiving space. The torque sensor 22 is provided with the torque ring 40 and is located within the receiving space. The torque sensor 22 and the circuit board 21 are arranged facing each other radially along the drive shaft 130.

[0059] Specifically, the torque ring 40 includes a first support portion 41 and a second support portion 42 coaxially connected. The first support portion 41 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 130. The inner diameter of the second support portion 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the drive shaft 130. A portion of the second support portion 42 is inserted into the second mounting portion 32 of the mounting ring 30. The torque sensor 22 is disposed on the second support portion 42.

[0060] The power system monitoring device also includes a spacer ring 50, which is sleeved on the drive shaft 130 and located between the mounting ring 30 and the torque ring 40 to serve a positioning function. Specifically, one end of the spacer ring 50 abuts against the first mounting portion 31 of the mounting ring 30, and the other end of the spacer ring 50 abuts against the first support portion 41 of the torque ring 40.

[0061] The axial extension lengths of the second mounting portion 32 and the second support portion 42 can be set according to actual needs, as long as it ensures that a portion of the second support portion 42 is inserted into the second mounting portion 32 of the mounting ring 30. The longer the axial extension length of the second support portion 42, the more pronounced the deformation of the second support portion 42 will be when the drive shaft 130 twists. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second support portion 42 extends substantially axially from one end of the spacer ring 50 to the other, with a relatively long extension length. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the axial extension length of the second mounting part 32 is approximately equal to half the length of the spacer ring 50, and the axial extension length of the second support part 42 is approximately equal to half the length of the spacer ring 50.

[0062] The torque sensor 22 is connected to the circuit board 21 via a torque acquisition circuit. The torque sensor 22 is a conventional sensor, which can be a strain gauge or a magnetic grating. A strain gauge is an element used to measure strain, consisting of a sensitive grating or similar component. The working principle of a resistance strain gauge is based on the strain effect, that is, when a conductor or semiconductor material undergoes mechanical deformation under external force, its resistance changes accordingly. By placing the strain gauge on the drive shaft 130, when torque is input to the drive shaft 130, the drive shaft 130 will twist, causing the strain gauge to deform and its resistance to change. This causes a change in current in the torque acquisition circuit, which in turn allows the actual torque of the drive shaft 130 to be calculated based on the change in current. The working principle of the magnetic grating is magnetoelectric conversion. To ensure that the magnetic head has a stable output signal amplitude, the gap between the magnetic grating ruler and the magnetic head is small. The magnetic head can be set on the torque ring 40, and the magnetic grating ruler can be set on the mounting ring 30. The magnetic head and the magnetic grating are in contact. When there is torque input to the drive shaft 130, the drive shaft 130 will be twisted, which will drive the magnetic head to move, so that the magnetic head moves relative to the magnetic grating ruler. The actual torque of the drive shaft 130 can be calculated based on the moving distance or angle of the magnetic head.

[0063] The power system monitoring device also includes a storage battery, which is electrically connected to the circuit board 21. The storage battery can store electrical energy provided by the power generation components. By setting up the storage battery, electrical energy can be stored. The storage battery can supply power to the circuit board 21 as needed. Even if the drive shaft 130 does not rotate, the sensor can still acquire electrical energy for detection.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Embodiment 2 is shown, in which components that are the same as or corresponding to those in Embodiment 1 are represented by the same reference numerals as those in Embodiment 1. For simplicity, only the differences between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are described. The difference is that the power generation component also includes a coil 12 and a magnet 13. One of the coil 12 and the magnet 13 is disposed on the drive shaft 130, and the other is disposed on the housing 110. During the rotation of the drive shaft 130, there is relative motion between the coil 12 and the magnet 13 to generate electrical energy. The coil 12 is electrically connected to the circuit board 21. By generating electrical energy through the coil 12 cutting magnetic field lines, the relative motion between the drive shaft 130 and the housing 110 is fully utilized, and the electrical energy can be supplied to the circuit board 21.

[0066] In this embodiment, the thermoelectric generator 11 and the coil 12 share a circuit board 21. Therefore, the coil 12 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 130, the circuit board 21 is disposed on the drive shaft 130, and the magnet 13 is fixedly connected to the housing 110.

[0067] Specifically, the coil 12 is disposed on the mounting ring 30, the outer diameter of the second mounting part 32 is larger than the outer diameter of the first mounting part 31, and the coil 12 is disposed at the stepped surface of the first mounting part 31 and the second mounting part 32.

[0068] The power system monitoring device also includes a fixing ring 60, which is disposed on the housing 110 and arranged circumferentially around the drive shaft 130, and the magnet 13 is fixed to the fixing ring 60. Specifically, the fixing ring 60 has multiple receiving holes, and one or more magnets 13 are disposed in each receiving hole.

[0069] The power system also includes a motor, which is located outside the housing 110 and drives the drive shaft 130 to rotate. The coil 12, rotating synchronously with the drive shaft 130, cuts the electromagnetic waves emitted by the motor into the surrounding space to generate electrical energy. Currently, most motors are permanent magnet DC motors. A permanent magnet DC motor is a motor in which the inner stator uses a permanent magnet to generate torque and rotate through the interaction of the magnetic field generated by the energized coils of the outer rotor. When the motor rotates, it inevitably emits electromagnetic waves. The motor's casing can shield most of these waves, but some still leak out. Therefore, the coil 12 can fully utilize these electromagnetic waves. Alternatively, the motor can also be a generator, such as a generator integrated with a gearbox. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave emission source can also be a transmitting circuit board.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Figure 8 and Figure 9 Embodiment 3 is shown, wherein components that are the same as or corresponding to those in Embodiment 1 are referred to using the same reference numerals as those in Embodiment 1. For simplicity, only the differences between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 are described. The difference is that the power generation assembly further includes multiple piezoelectric generators 14, which are fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 130 and generate electrical energy under the vibration of the drive shaft 130. By providing the piezoelectric generators 14, the vibration energy is fully utilized.

[0072] The piezoelectric generator 14 is an existing generator, specifically a piezoelectric ceramic sheet. Piezoelectric ceramics have sensitive characteristics and can convert extremely weak mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. Because the internal structure of a piezoelectric ceramic contains both positive and negative charges, when subjected to pressure or vibration, the distribution of positive and negative charges inside will change, thereby generating a potential difference and current, resulting in electrical energy output.

[0073] The piezoelectric generator 14 can be directly mounted on the drive shaft 130, or it can be mounted on the mounting ring 30 or the torque ring 40.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] This embodiment provides a power system monitoring method, employing the power system monitoring device from any of the above embodiments, including:

[0076] During the rotation of the drive shaft 130, lubricating oil splashes, and some of the lubricating oil flows through the bearing 120 to carry away the heat generated by the bearing 120. The lubricating oil washes the hot end of the thermoelectric generator 11 to raise the temperature of the hot end. The hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric generator 11 generate a temperature difference to generate electricity and provide power to the circuit board 21.

[0077] The vibration sensor collects the vibration information of the drive shaft 130 and transmits it to the controller; the temperature sensor collects the temperature information inside the housing 110 and transmits it to the controller; and the torque sensor 22 collects the torque information of the drive shaft 130 and transmits it to the controller.

[0078] The aforementioned power generation components can be freely combined without contradiction. For example, thermoelectric generator 11, coil 12, and magnet 13 can generate electricity simultaneously; thermoelectric generator 11 and piezoelectric generator 14 can generate electricity simultaneously; or thermoelectric generator 11, piezoelectric generator 14, coil 12, and magnet 13 can generate electricity simultaneously. During the rotation of the drive shaft 130 relative to the housing 110, coil 12 and magnet 13 rotate relative to each other. Coil 12 cuts the magnetic field lines of magnet 13, thereby generating current. Piezoelectric generator 14 generates electrical energy under the vibration of drive shaft 130.

[0079] The above embodiments merely illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power system monitoring device, characterized by, The power system comprises a gearbox, the gearbox comprises a gearbox body (110), a bearing (120) and a transmission shaft (130), the gearbox body (110) is provided with a bearing cavity, the bearing (120) is arranged in the bearing cavity, and the transmission shaft (130) is in transmission connection with the bearing (120), and the power system monitoring device comprises: A power generation assembly is arranged in the gearbox body (110), the power generation assembly comprises a thermoelectric generator sheet (11), the hot end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) faces the bearing cavity, the cold end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) is away from the bearing cavity, the lubricating oil in the bearing cavity can flush the hot end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) so that the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) generates electric energy, the hot end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) is provided with a heat collecting sheet (111), the heat collecting sheet (111) is located in the bearing cavity, the cold end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) is provided with a heat radiating sheet (112), and the heat radiating sheet (112) extends away from the bearing cavity; or the hot end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) faces the transmission shaft (130), the cold end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) is away from the transmission shaft (130), heat is transmitted to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) through the transmission shaft (130), and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator sheet (11) is cooled through lubricating oil or air; A monitoring assembly comprises a circuit board (21) and a plurality of sensors, the sensors are electrically connected with the circuit board (21), the power generation assembly provides electric energy for the circuit board (21), and the plurality of sensors comprise a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor and a torque sensor (22); Further comprising a mounting ring (30) and a torque ring (40), the mounting ring (30) and the torque ring (40) are both fixed to the transmission shaft (130), at least part of the torque ring (40) is inserted into the mounting ring (30) along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (130) so that a containing space is formed between the mounting ring (30) and the torque ring (40), the circuit board (21) is arranged on the mounting ring (30) and located in the containing space, the torque sensor (22) is arranged on the torque ring (40) and located in the containing space, and the torque sensor (22) is arranged opposite to the circuit board (21) along the radial direction of the transmission shaft (130).

2. The power system monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The thermoelectric generator sheet (11) is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft (130) and arranged in a ring shape around the circumference of the transmission shaft (130), and the circuit board (21) is arranged on the transmission shaft (130).

3. The power system monitoring apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The power generation assembly further comprises a plurality of piezoelectric generator sheets (14), the piezoelectric generator sheets (14) are fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft (130) and generate electric energy under the vibration of the transmission shaft (130).

4. The power system monitoring apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The power generation assembly further comprises a coil (12) and a magnet (13), one of the coil (12) and the magnet (13) is arranged on the transmission shaft (130), and the other is arranged on the box (110), during rotation of the transmission shaft (130), the coil (12) and the magnet (13) have relative motion to generate electric energy, and the coil (12) is electrically connected with the circuit board (21).

5. The power system monitoring apparatus of claim 4 wherein, The coil (12) is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft (130), the circuit board (21) is arranged on the transmission shaft (130), and the magnet (13) is fixedly connected with the box (110).

6. The power system monitoring apparatus of claim 5 wherein, The power system further comprises a motor, the motor is arranged outside the box (110) and can drive the transmission shaft (130) to rotate, and the coil (12) cuts electromagnetic waves emitted by the motor to the surrounding space during synchronous rotation with the transmission shaft (130) to generate electric energy.

7. The power system monitoring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, Further comprising a storage battery, the storage battery is electrically connected with the circuit board (21), and the storage battery can store electric energy provided by the power generation assembly.

8. A power system monitoring method characterized by, The power system monitoring device adopts any one of claims 1-7, comprising: During rotation of the transmission shaft (130), the lubricating oil is splashed, part of the lubricating oil flows through the bearing (120) to take away heat generated by the bearing (120), the lubricating oil washes the hot end of the thermoelectric generator (11) to make the hot end warm, the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generator (11) generate a temperature difference to generate electricity and provide electric energy to the circuit board (21); or, heat is transmitted to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator (11) through the transmission shaft (130), and part of the lubricating oil flows through the cold end of the thermoelectric generator (11) to dissipate heat of the thermoelectric generator (11); The vibration sensor collects vibration information of the transmission shaft (130) and transmits the vibration information to the controller, the temperature sensor collects temperature information in the box (110) and transmits the temperature information to the controller, and the torque sensor (22) collects torque information of the transmission shaft (130) and transmits the torque information to the controller.

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