Fatigue life test device for gas compressor and turbine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering test detection of heavy duty gas turbines and aero-engines, and particularly discloses a fatigue life test device for a gas compressor and a turbine, which is used for detecting the fatigue life of a blade root or a wheel groove. The first loading clamp and the second loading clamp are oppositely and coaxially arranged in the vertical direction, the simulation test piece is coaxially installed on the first loading clamp, the fixing clamp is coaxially installed on the second loading clamp, and the loading mechanism is configured to apply axial acting force to the first loading clamp and the second loading clamp. In a fatigue life test, on the basis that the simulation test piece is clamped and fixed by the fixing clamp, good centering coaxiality in the vertical direction is ensured through the first loading clamp and the second loading clamp, effective transmission of loads of the loading mechanism is achieved, and the accurate fatigue life of the simulation test piece is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heavy-duty gas turbine and aviation engine engineering test and detection, and in particular to a fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines. Background Art

[0002] Heavy-duty gas turbines and aircraft engines mainly include structural components such as compressors, turbines and combustion chambers. Among them, the compressor mainly compresses the air through structures such as blades and impellers, and the turbine converts heat energy into mechanical energy to do work through structures such as blades and impellers. The blades mainly include blade tips, blade bodies and blade roots. The blade roots are fixed to the wheel groove structure on the impeller to achieve the connection between the blade and the impeller structure. Generally speaking, during actual operation, the blade roots and wheel grooves have a short life due to factors such as stress concentration. Therefore, the life of blades and impellers mainly depends on the fatigue life of the blade roots and wheel grooves. Therefore, whether in the design stage or in the service process, it is of great significance to obtain the fatigue life of the blade roots and wheel grooves.

[0003] The fatigue life test of existing compressor and turbine blade roots and wheel groove components, if the real blade root and wheel groove structure is used for testing, due to the large size of the test piece, a higher fatigue load is required to make it fail. The current test equipment has limited capacity and it is difficult to test it to failure and obtain effective test data. At the same time, if the real blade root and wheel groove structure is used for testing, a large number of test materials need to be purchased, which will further cause a sharp increase in test costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, which can quickly obtain relatively accurate fatigue life of compressor and turbine blade roots and wheel groove components while reducing test costs.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a fatigue life test device for a compressor and a turbine, wherein the compressor and the turbine include blades and a wheel disc, wherein the wheel disc is provided with a wheel groove, wherein the blade includes a blade root, a blade tip and a blade body, wherein the blade body is connected between the blade tip and the blade root, and the blade root is fixedly connected in the wheel groove. The test device is used to detect the fatigue life of the blade root or the wheel groove, and the test device includes:

[0008] A fixing fixture, the fixing fixture is used to clamp and position the simulation test piece;

[0009] A first loading fixture and a second loading fixture, wherein the first loading fixture and the second loading fixture are opposite to each other in a vertical direction and are coaxially arranged, the simulation test piece is coaxially installed on the first loading fixture, and the fixing fixture is coaxially installed on the second loading fixture;

[0010] A loading mechanism is configured to apply a force to the first loading fixture and the second loading fixture.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the first loading fixture includes a first clamp block and a first connecting rod, the first clamp block is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting rod, and the first clamp block is connected to the simulation test piece.

[0012] As an optimal technical solution for the above-mentioned fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the test device also includes a first connecting piece, the first clamping block is provided with a first positioning groove, the simulated test piece is partially placed in the first positioning groove, the first connecting piece passes through the first clamping block, and is connected to the simulated test piece.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fatigue life testing device for compressors and turbines, the second loading fixture includes a second clamp block and a second connecting rod, the second clamp block is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod, and the second clamp block is connected to the fixing fixture.

[0014] As an optimal technical solution for the above-mentioned fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the fixing fixture includes a clamping portion and a positioning portion connected in sequence, the clamping portion is used to clamp the simulated test piece, the second clamping block is provided with a second positioning groove, the positioning portion is placed in the second positioning groove and connected to the second clamping block, the clamping portion abuts against the second clamping block and seals the notch at the top of the second positioning groove.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the fatigue life test device for the compressor and turbine, the test device further includes a second connecting member, the second connecting member passes through the second clamping block and is connected to the positioning portion.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the test device also includes a first cooling fixture and a first connecting fixture, the first cooling fixture is fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod, and the first connecting fixture is connected to the first cooling fixture.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the above fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the test device also includes a plurality of first adjusting bolts, and the plurality of first adjusting bolts are connected between the first cooling fixture and the first connecting rod.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the test device also includes a second cooling fixture and a second connecting fixture, the second cooling fixture is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod, and the second connecting fixture is connected to the second cooling fixture.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the above fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines, the test device also includes a plurality of second adjusting bolts, and the plurality of second adjusting bolts are connected between the second cooling fixture and the second connecting rod.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention provides a fatigue life test device for a compressor and a turbine. The compressor and turbine structure includes a blade and a wheel disc. The wheel disc is provided with a wheel groove. The blade includes a blade root, a blade tip and a blade body. The blade body is connected between the blade tip and the blade root. The blade root is fixedly connected in the wheel groove. The test device is used to detect the fatigue life of the blade root or the wheel groove. The test device includes: a fixing fixture, a first loading fixture, a second loading fixture and a loading mechanism. The fixing fixture is used to clamp and position a simulation test piece. The first loading fixture and the second loading fixture are opposite and coaxially arranged in the vertical direction. The simulation test piece is coaxially installed on the first loading fixture. The fixing fixture is coaxially installed on the second loading fixture. The loading mechanism is configured to apply an axial force to the first loading fixture and the second loading fixture. In such a configuration, in an actual fatigue life test, on the basis of the fixing fixture clamping and fixing the simulation test piece, the first loading fixture and the second loading fixture are used to ensure good centering coaxiality in the vertical direction, so as to realize the effective transmission of the load of the loading mechanism and obtain a more accurate fatigue life of the simulation test piece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fatigue life test device for a compressor and a turbine provided by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fatigue life test device for a compressor and a turbine provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 The structure of the fatigue life test device for compressor and turbine provided by the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 The structure of the fatigue life test device for compressor and turbine provided by the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 .

[0026] in:

[0027] 1. Fixing fixture; 11. Clamping part; 12. Positioning part;

[0028] 2. First loading fixture; 201. First clamping block; 202. First connecting rod;

[0029] 3. Second loading fixture; 301. Second clamping block; 302. Second connecting rod;

[0030] 4. First cooling fixture; 5. First connecting fixture; 6. Second cooling fixture; 7. Second connecting fixture; 8. Simulated test piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

[0033] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a fatigue life test device for a compressor and a turbine, the compressor and the turbine include blades and a wheel disc, the wheel disc is provided with a wheel groove, the blade includes a blade root, a blade tip and a blade body, the blade body is connected between the blade tip and the blade root, the blade root is fixedly connected in the wheel groove, the test device is used to detect the fatigue life of the blade root or the wheel groove, the test device includes: a fixing fixture 1, a first loading fixture 2, a second loading fixture 3 and a loading mechanism, the fixing fixture 1 is used to clamp and position the simulation test piece 8, the first loading fixture 2 and the second loading fixture 3 are opposite and coaxially arranged in the vertical direction, the simulation test piece 8 is coaxially installed on the first loading fixture 2, the fixing fixture 1 is coaxially installed on the second loading fixture 3, and the loading mechanism is configured to apply an axial force to the first loading fixture 2 and the second loading fixture 3. With such arrangement, in the actual fatigue life test, on the basis of the fixing fixture 1 to clamp and fix the simulated test piece 8, the first loading fixture 2 and the second loading fixture 3 are used to ensure good centering coaxiality in the vertical direction, so as to realize the effective transmission of the load of the loading mechanism and obtain a more accurate fatigue life of the simulated test piece.

[0037] It should be noted that the design principle of the simulation test piece 8 is as follows: First, based on the principle of structural similarity, according to the blade root and wheel groove structural shapes of the actual compressor and turbine blade root and wheel groove components, the structural contour of the simulation test piece 8 similar to the actual blade root and wheel groove structure is designed; secondly, based on the principle of stress similarity, according to the stress-strain calculation and analysis results of the actual blade root and wheel groove structure, the detailed structure of the simulation test piece 8 is designed so that its stress state is similar to the service condition of the actual blade root and wheel groove structure; and according to the stress conditions of the actual blade root and wheel groove components and combined with the external dimensions of the blade root and wheel groove simulation test piece 8, a fixing fixture 1 compatible with the blade root and wheel groove test piece is designed, and a fatigue test is carried out to obtain its fatigue life. By using the simulation test piece 8 to replace the actual blade root and wheel groove components for fatigue testing, the material and processing costs can be greatly reduced.

[0038] Optionally, the first loading fixture 2 includes a first clamp block 201 and a first connecting rod 202, the first clamp block 201 is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting rod 202, and the first clamp block 201 is connected to the simulated test piece 8. Further, the first connecting rod 202 is a stepped shaft.

[0039] Optionally, in order to further enhance the positioning effect on the simulated test piece 8 and facilitate installation, the test device further includes a first connecting member, the first clamping block 201 is provided with a first positioning groove, the simulated test piece 8 is partially placed in the first positioning groove, the first connecting member passes through the first clamping block 201, and is connected to the simulated test piece 8. Specifically, the first connecting member is a loading pin.

[0040] Optionally, the second loading fixture 3 includes a second clamping block 301 and a second connecting rod 302 , the second clamping block 301 is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod 302 , and the second clamping block 301 is connected to the fixing fixture 1 .

[0041] Optionally, in order to further enhance the positioning effect of the fixing fixture 1 and facilitate installation, the fixing fixture 1 includes a clamping portion 11 and a positioning portion 12 connected in sequence, the clamping portion 11 is used to clamp and fix the simulated test piece 8, the second clamping block 301 is provided with a second positioning groove, the positioning portion 12 is placed in the second positioning groove and connected to the second clamping block 301, the clamping portion 11 abuts against the second clamping block 301, and seals the notch at the top of the second positioning groove.

[0042] It should be noted that the fixing fixture 1 must have sufficient strength to prevent obvious plastic deformation from occurring during loading, thereby avoiding changes in the stress state.

[0043] Optionally, the test device further includes a second connecting member, which passes through the second clamping block 301 and is connected to the positioning portion 12. Specifically, the second connecting member is a loading pin.

[0044] Optionally, the test device further includes a first cooling fixture 4 and a first connecting fixture 5, wherein the first cooling fixture 4 is sleeved and fixed to the other end of the first connecting rod 202, and the first connecting fixture 5 is connected to the first cooling fixture 4. With such a configuration, when testing at high temperature, the first cooling fixture 4 can effectively cool the first connecting fixture 5 and the first connecting rod 202 to avoid overheating and burning related test components.

[0045] Optionally, in order to improve the centering coaxiality of the first loading fixture 2 and the second loading fixture 3 in the vertical direction, the test device further includes a plurality of first adjusting bolts, which are connected between the first cooling fixture 4 and the first connecting rod 202. During the test, the centering degree (coaxiality) of the loading chain can be adjusted by adjusting the bolts to improve the accuracy of the test.

[0046] Optionally, the test device further includes a second cooling fixture 6 and a second connecting fixture 7, wherein the second cooling fixture 6 is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod 302, and the second connecting fixture 7 is connected to the second cooling fixture 6. In this arrangement, when testing at high temperature, the second cooling fixture 6 can effectively cool the second connecting fixture 7 and the second connecting rod 302 to avoid overheating and burning related test components.

[0047] Optionally, in order to further improve the centering coaxiality between the first loading fixture 2 and the second loading fixture 3 in the vertical direction, the test device also includes a plurality of second adjusting bolts, which are connected between the second cooling fixture 6 and the second connecting rod 302 .

[0048] It should be noted that the loading mechanism is transmission-connected to the first connecting fixture 5 and the second connecting fixture 7, and transmits the force load to the simulated test piece 8 through the first loading fixture 2 and the second loading fixture 3. The simulated test piece 8 eventually undergoes fatigue fracture under the action of stress to obtain its fatigue life, and the cross-sectional shape corresponding to the clamping end fixture can be a plane or a curved surface, etc.

[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue life test device for a compressor and a turbine, wherein the compressor and the turbine comprise blades and a wheel disc, wherein the wheel disc is provided with a wheel groove, wherein the blade comprises a blade root, a blade tip and a blade body, wherein the blade body is connected between the blade tip and the blade root, and the blade root is fixedly connected in the wheel groove, wherein the test device is used to detect the fatigue life of the blade root or the wheel groove, and wherein: The test device comprises: A fixing fixture (1), the fixing fixture (1) being used for clamping and positioning a simulated test piece (8); A first loading fixture (2) and a second loading fixture (3), wherein the first loading fixture (2) and the second loading fixture (3) are arranged opposite to each other in a vertical direction and are coaxially disposed, the simulation test piece (8) is coaxially mounted on the first loading fixture (2), and the fixing fixture (1) is coaxially mounted on the second loading fixture (3); A loading mechanism is configured to apply a force to the first loading fixture (2) and the second loading fixture (3).

2. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first loading fixture (2) comprises a first clamping block (201) and a first connecting rod (202), wherein the first clamping block (201) is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting rod (202), and the first clamping block (201) is connected to the simulation test piece (8).

3. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test device further comprises a first connecting member, the first clamping block (201) is provided with a first positioning groove, the simulated test piece (8) is partially placed in the first positioning groove, and the first connecting member passes through the first clamping block (201) and is connected to the simulated test piece (8).

4. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second loading fixture (3) comprises a second clamping block (301) and a second connecting rod (302), wherein the second clamping block (301) is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod (302), and the second clamping block (301) is connected to the fixing fixture (1).

5. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing fixture (1) comprises a clamping portion (11) and a positioning portion (12) connected in sequence, the clamping portion (11) being used to clamp and fix the simulated test piece (8), the second clamping block (301) being provided with a second positioning groove, the positioning portion (12) being placed in the second positioning groove and connected to the second clamping block (301), the clamping portion (11) being in contact with the second clamping block (301) and sealing a notch at the top end of the second positioning groove.

6. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The test device also includes a second connecting piece, which is inserted into the second clamping block (301) and connected to the positioning portion (12).

7. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test device also includes a first cooling fixture (4) and a first connecting fixture (5), wherein the first cooling fixture (4) is sleeved and fixed on the other end of the first connecting rod (202), and the first connecting fixture (5) is connected to the first cooling fixture (4).

8. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test device also includes a plurality of first adjustment bolts, which are connected between the first cooling fixture (4) and the first connecting rod (202).

9. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test device also includes a second cooling fixture (6) and a second connecting fixture (7), wherein the second cooling fixture (6) is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod (302), and the second connecting fixture (7) is connected to the second cooling fixture (6).

10. The fatigue life test device for compressors and turbines according to claim 9, characterized in that: The test device also includes a plurality of second adjustment bolts, wherein the plurality of second adjustment bolts are connected between the second cooling fixture (6) and the second connecting rod (302).

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