A test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope

Abstract

The present invention discloses a test device for exploring the protective performance of dam slopes, which belongs to the technical field of soil erosion test, and includes a slope test bench and test equipment. The slope test bench is provided with a supporting rectangular cylinder, and the outer wall of the supporting rectangular cylinder is provided with a plurality of control test units, and the supporting rectangular cylinder is provided with a supporting column, and the top of the supporting column is provided with a spray simulation device and a water flushing device. The present invention is a test device designed according to the influence of rock pile and deep root turf on the dam. Through the combined and installed simulated grass root parts, the root depth can be flexibly adjusted according to the test requirements, and the soil at the grass root part is hardened by the delivered hardener to simulate the soil fixing effect of the grass root on the soil. While being able to quickly conduct the test, it can also explore the influence of the combination of turf with different root depths and rock pile, and can intuitively obtain the amount of soil and water loss during the test, directly form a comparison of the water volume, and facilitate the calculation of soil and water loss data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil and water loss testing, and in particular to a testing device for exploring the protective performance of dam slopes. Background Art

[0002] Soil erosion is a concentrated reflection of ecological degradation. Doing a good job in soil and water conservation is a fundamental measure to promote the protection and management of rivers. Affected by natural factors and human activities, soil erosion, an ecological problem, seriously threatens flood control safety.

[0003] In continuous experiments, it was found that the combination of deep-rooted turf and rockfill can improve the protection effect of the dam, based on the theory that "the rockfill can be effectively wrapped with root turf to form a stable structure. The growth of root turf can enhance the stability of the rockfill and reduce the erosion of the dam slope by water flow." Although the theoretical demonstration can be realized, experiments are needed. How to reasonably use the root turf and rockfill, what kind of root depth to choose, and the specific impact on soil erosion all require experiments to obtain specific data. At present, there is a lack of test equipment specifically used for combined dam management on the market. For this reason, we propose a test device for exploring the performance of dam slope protection, which is specially used for the test of the impact of deep-rooted turf and rockfill on soil erosion. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of lack of test devices specifically used for combined dam management on the market, and to propose a test device for exploring the slope protection performance of dams.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A test device for exploring the protective performance of dam slopes, comprising a slope test bench and test equipment, wherein the slope test bench is provided with a supporting rectangular cylinder, a plurality of control test units are provided on the outer side wall of the supporting rectangular cylinder, a supporting column is provided inside the supporting rectangular cylinder, and a spray simulation device and a water flushing device are provided on the top of the supporting column;

[0007] The control test unit includes protective isolation corner plates arranged on both sides, a test site for soil and water loss test is arranged in the middle of the protective isolation corner plates, and the test site is connected to the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder through an assembly;

[0008] The test site comprises a test pool plate, on which simulated grass roots are densely arranged, a water supply pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the test pool plate, the water supply pipeline is connected to the simulated grass roots, and a blocking wire piece is detachably installed on the test pool plate;

[0009] Measuring cylinders for displaying the amount of water and soil loss are respectively arranged around the slope test platform, and a water storage and drainage device is arranged on the slope test platform.

[0010] Preferably, a water storage pan is provided on the top of the supporting column, a water storage port is provided in the water storage pan, a water supply pipe for an external water source is provided on the water storage port, and the spray simulation device includes a plurality of spray plates arranged in a rectangular shape at the bottom of the water storage pan, and spray heads are densely arranged at the bottom of the spray plates.

[0011] Preferably, the water flushing device comprises a driving ring connected by a hydraulic push rod, a plurality of flushing ports adapted to the control test unit are arranged at the bottom of the driving ring, and the flushing ports are connected to the water storage port through a control water pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the assembly includes an adjustable vertical track arranged on a supporting rectangular cylinder, an adjusting motor is arranged in the slope test bench, the output end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected to a vertical screw located in the adjusting vertical track, and the outer side wall of the vertical screw is threadedly connected to a lifting slider.

[0013] Preferably, a hook locking piece is provided on the lifting slide block, the end of the test pool plate is connected to an assembly block via a rotating piece, a hanging opening matched with the hook locking piece is provided on the assembly block, and moving wheels are provided at the bottom of the test pool plate.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of water supply pipes are commonly connected to a water collecting pipe, and the water collecting pipe is connected to a water supply pump;

[0015] The simulated grass root part includes a conveying penetration main pipe and a penetration cotton pipe arranged on the test site, the conveying penetration main pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, a plurality of assembly sockets are arranged on the conveying penetration main pipe, a fan-shaped diaphragm for sealing is arranged between the assembly socket and the conveying penetration main pipe, and an assembly card ball matched with the assembly socket is arranged at the end of the penetration cotton tube.

[0016] Preferably, the blocking steel wire member is composed of detachable chucks at both ends and a steel wire, and a bayonet adapted to the detachable chuck is provided on the test pool plate.

[0017] Preferably, the water storage and drainage device includes a rectangular water storage tank connected to the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder, the slope test bench located at the bottom of the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder is provided with a central water tank, and the slope test bench located at the control test unit is provided with a side water tank, and the central water tank and the surrounding side water tanks 26 are connected to the metering cylinder through a water accumulation channel.

[0018] Preferably, the test equipment includes slope test soil, gabions wrapped with wire mesh and soil hardener.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The test device designed according to the influence of rockfill and deep-rooted turf on the embankment can flexibly adjust the root depth according to the test requirements through the combined installation of simulated grass root parts, and harden the soil at the grass root part through the delivered hardener to simulate the soil fixing effect of grass roots on the soil. While being able to quickly conduct the test, it can also explore the influence of the combination of turf with different root depths and rockfill.

[0021] 2. This scheme is designed to address the potential safety hazards when the rockfill is arranged on the surface of the dam. The test pool plate is set to be detachable so that the test dam can be arranged on a flat surface. While adjusting the angle of the test pool plate, blocking wires are used to ensure that the rockfill on it will not roll down, so as to ensure the safety of the test site and personnel.

[0022] 3. This scheme designs the areas of the test group and the control group to be consistent, which can ensure that the water supply of multiple sprinkler panels is consistent when they are working, and collects the sewage from multiple test groups and control groups in a measuring cylinder, so that the amount of soil and water loss during the test can be intuitively obtained, directly forming a comparison of water volume, which is convenient for the calculation of soil and water loss data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slopes proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a test device for investigating the protection performance of dam slopes proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a water storage pan in a test device for exploring the dam slope protection performance proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control test unit in a test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slopes proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the installation relationship of the simulated grass root components in a test device for exploring the dam slope protection performance proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a simulated grass root member in a test device for investigating the dam slope protection performance proposed in the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Slope test bench; 2. Support rectangular cylinder; 3. Support column; 4. Protective isolation angle plate; 5. Test pool plate; 6. Water supply pipe; 7. Blocking wire; 8. Measuring cylinder; 9. Water storage tray; 10. Spray plate; 11. Hydraulic push rod; 12. Flush port; 13. Adjust vertical track; 14. Adjust motor; 15. Vertical screw; 16. Lifting slider; 17. Hook locking piece; 18. Assembly block; 19. Water collecting pipe; 20. Transport infiltration main pipe; 21. Infiltration cotton tube; 22. Assembly seat; 23. Fan-shaped diaphragm; 24. Assembly card ball; 25. Rectangular water storage tank; 26. Side water storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Example, see Figures 1 to 7 A test device for exploring the protective performance of dam slopes comprises a slope test bench 1 and test equipment, wherein the test equipment comprises slope test soil, gabions wrapped with steel wire mesh and soil hardener.

[0035] A supporting rectangular cylinder 2 is provided on the slope test bench 1, a plurality of control test units are provided on the outer wall of the supporting rectangular cylinder 2, a supporting column 3 is provided inside the supporting rectangular cylinder 2, and a spray simulation device and a water flushing device are provided on the top of the supporting column 3;

[0036] Furthermore, a water storage pan 9 is arranged on the top of the supporting column 3, a water storage port is arranged in the water storage pan 9, a water supply pipe 6 for an external water source is arranged on the water storage port, the spray simulation device includes a plurality of spray plates 10 arranged in a rectangular shape at the bottom of the water storage pan 9, spray heads are densely arranged at the bottom of the spray plates 10, and the water flushing device includes a driving ring connected by a hydraulic push rod 11, a plurality of flushing ports 12 adapted to the control test unit are arranged at the bottom of the driving ring, and the flushing port 12 is connected to the water storage port through a control water pipe.

[0037] The spray plate 10 simulates rainwater erosion, and the flushing port 12 realizes the transmission of water flow, simulating running water erosion.

[0038] It is worth noting that the multiple spray plates 10 are of the same size and are all the same size as the test pool plate 5 in the control test unit, which can ensure that the water supply of the multiple spray plates 10 is consistent when they are working, making it easy to intuitively obtain the amount of soil and water loss.

[0039] The control test unit includes protective isolation corner plates 4 arranged on both sides, and a test field for soil and water loss test is arranged in the middle of the protective isolation corner plates 4, and the test field is connected to the supporting rectangular vertical tube 2 through an assembly;

[0040] The protective isolation corner plate 4 and the test pool plate 5 are both acrylic plates made of transparent material, which can ensure that the state of the soil during the test stage can be seen from both sides.

[0041] Furthermore, the assembly includes an adjustable vertical rail 13 arranged on the supporting rectangular cylinder 2, an adjusting motor 14 is arranged in the slope test bench 1, the output end of the adjusting motor 14 is fixedly connected to a vertical screw 15 located in the adjusting vertical rail 13, and the outer side wall of the vertical screw 15 is threadedly connected to a lifting slider 16.

[0042] Furthermore, a hook locking piece 17 is provided on the lifting slider 16, and an assembly block 18 is connected to the end of the test pool plate 5 through a rotating piece. A hanging opening adapted to the hook locking piece 17 is opened on the assembly block 18, and a moving wheel is provided at the bottom of the test pool plate 5.

[0043] A further advantage of adopting the above method is that the test pool plate 5 and the slope test bench 1 are designed to be detachably installed, so that the soil erosion state required for the test can be arranged on the slope surface, and then assembled. Compared with the existing direct assembly on the slope surface, it is more convenient and safer when arranging the rockfill.

[0044] The motor 14 is controlled and adjusted according to the required slope angle to drive the vertical screw 15, so as to control the height of the lifting slider 16 as needed to control the slope angle of the test pool plate 5 and meet the test of various slope angles.

[0045] The test field includes a test pool plate 5, on which simulated grass root pieces are densely arranged, and a water supply pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the test pool plate 5, and the water supply pipe 6 is connected to the simulated grass root pieces;

[0046] Furthermore, multiple water supply pipes 6 are commonly connected to a water collecting pipe 19, and the water collecting pipe 19 is connected to a water supply pump; the simulated grass root parts include a conveying infiltration main pipe 20 and an infiltration cotton tube 21 arranged on the test field, the conveying infiltration main pipe 20 is connected to the water supply pipe 6, and multiple assembly sockets 22 are arranged on the conveying infiltration main pipe 20, a fan-shaped diaphragm 23 for sealing is arranged between the assembly socket 22 and the conveying infiltration main pipe 20, and an assembly card ball 24 adapted to the assembly socket 22 is arranged at the end of the infiltration cotton tube 21.

[0047] The fan-shaped diaphragms 23 are provided with a plurality of sealing ring structures. When the permeable cotton tube 21 is not inserted, the sealing ring structure can seal the part where the permeable cotton tube 21 is not installed to prevent the liquid from flowing out.

[0048] It should be noted that the infiltration cotton tube 21 is connected to the transport infiltration main tube 20 by assembling the card ball 24. When it is necessary to simulate the rooting depth of different plants, the infiltration cotton tube 21 at the bottom can be selectively removed to achieve the purpose of simulating the rooting depth;

[0049] During the test, the soil hardener is transported to the transport infiltration main pipe 20 through a water pump, and dispersed into the soil at the corresponding position through the infiltration cotton tube 21 connected thereto, so that the soil at the position disconnected from the infiltration cotton tube 21 is compacted by the soil hardener, thereby simulating the effect of root turf soil fixation.

[0050] A blocking steel wire piece 7 is detachably mounted on the test pool plate 5 . The blocking steel wire piece 7 is composed of detachable chucks at both ends and a steel wire. A bayonet adapted to the detachable chuck is provided on the test pool plate 5 .

[0051] It is worth noting that the setting of the blocking wire member 7 can limit the wire mesh wrapped gabion on which the test is carried out during the process of adjusting the slope angle, thereby avoiding the danger caused by its loosening and ensuring the safety of the test pool plate 5 during the process of transforming it from a horizontal state to an inclined angle state. When the stable state after the angle adjustment is ensured, the blocking wire member 7 can be removed without affecting the progress of the test.

[0052] Measuring cylinders 8 for displaying the amount of water and soil loss are respectively arranged around the slope test platform 1, and a water storage and drainage device is arranged on the slope test platform 1.

[0053] Furthermore, the water storage and drainage device includes a rectangular water storage tank 25 connected to the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder 2, a central water tank is provided on the slope test bench 1 located at the bottom of the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder 2, and a side water tank 26 is provided on the slope test bench 1 located at the control test unit. The central water tank and the surrounding side water tanks 26 are connected to the metering cylinder 8 through water accumulation channels.

[0054] Among them, the surface area occupied by the rectangular water storage tank 25 plus the inner diameter of the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder 2 is consistent with the area of ​​several test pool plates 5. When the water output of the spray simulation device and the water flushing device is consistent, the water consumption during the test can be directly obtained through the water storage capacity of the metering cylinder 8 connected to the central water storage tank, so that the water volume can be directly compared during the test stage, which is convenient for the calculation of soil and water loss data.

[0055] In the test of the influence of deep-rooted turf and rockfill on soil erosion, the present invention arranges the test equipment in the test pool plate 5 according to the implementation requirements. In this process, the depth and number of the infiltration cotton tubes 21 are reasonably assembled according to the required root depth of the deep-rooted turf, and the soil hardener is delivered to the water supply pipe by the water pump during the test, and dispersed into the soil at the corresponding position through the infiltration cotton tubes 21 connected thereto, so that the soil at the position released from the infiltration cotton tubes 21 is hardened by the soil hardener, thereby simulating the effect of root turf consolidation, and under the limiting protection of the blocking wire member 7, the gabions wrapped with wire mesh are arranged one by one above the soil to simulate the test state of deep-rooted turf and rockfill;

[0056] According to the required requirements, separate tests of deep-rooted turf and rockfill can be carried out through multiple control test units to form a control test group.

[0057] After the test arrangement of the dam slope is completed, the assembly block 18 on the test pool plate 5 is combined and connected with the hook locking member 17, and the arranged dam slope is slowly adjusted to a predetermined angle by adjusting the motor 14 to simulate the actual required slope test;

[0058] During the test, different soil and water loss conditions are simulated by the spray simulation device and the water flushing device installed on the top. During the test, the final amount of lost soil and water will be concentrated and transported to the corresponding metering cylinder 8. According to the scale of the metering cylinder 8, the amount of soil and water loss under different test conditions can be intuitively obtained, which is convenient for test calculations.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for exploring the protective performance of dam slopes, comprising a slope test bench (1) and test equipment, characterized in that: The slope test bench (1) is provided with a supporting rectangular cylinder (2), a plurality of control test units are provided on the outer wall of the supporting rectangular cylinder (2), a supporting column (3) is provided inside the supporting rectangular cylinder (2), and a spray simulation device and a water flushing device are provided on the top of the supporting column (3); The control test unit comprises protective isolation corner plates (4) arranged on both sides, a test site for soil and water loss test is arranged in the middle of the protective isolation corner plates (4), and the test site is connected to the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder (2) through an assembly part; The test site comprises a test pool plate (5), on which simulated grass root pieces are densely arranged, a water supply pipe (6) is arranged at the bottom of the test pool plate (5), the water supply pipe (6) is connected to the simulated grass root pieces, and a blocking wire piece (7) is detachably mounted on the test pool plate (5); Measuring cylinders (8) for displaying the amount of soil and water loss are respectively arranged around the slope test bench (1), and a water storage and drainage device is arranged on the slope test bench (1); The plurality of water supply pipes (6) are commonly connected to a water collecting pipe (19), and the water collecting pipe (19) is connected to a water supply pump; The simulated grass root component comprises a transport penetration main pipe (20) and a penetration cotton pipe (21) arranged on the test site, the transport penetration main pipe (20) being connected to a water supply pipe (6), a plurality of assembly holders (22) being arranged on the transport penetration main pipe (20), a fan-shaped diaphragm (23) for sealing being arranged between the assembly holder (22) and the transport penetration main pipe (20), and an assembly clamping ball (24) matching the assembly holder (22) being arranged at the end of the penetration cotton pipe (21); The test equipment includes slope test soil, gabions wrapped with steel wire mesh and soil hardener.

2. A test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water storage pan (9) is arranged on the top of the support column (3), a water storage port is arranged in the water storage pan (9), a water supply pipe (6) connected to an external water source is arranged on the water storage port, and the spray simulation device comprises a plurality of spray plates (10) arranged in a rectangular shape at the bottom of the water storage pan (9), and spray heads are densely arranged at the bottom of the spray plates (10).

3. A test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water flushing device comprises a driving ring connected via a hydraulic push rod (11), a plurality of flushing ports (12) adapted to the control test unit are arranged at the bottom of the driving ring, and the flushing ports (12) are connected to the water storage port via a control water pipe.

4. The test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The assembly comprises an adjustable vertical track (13) arranged on a supporting rectangular vertical cylinder (2), an adjustable motor (14) is arranged in the slope test bench (1), an output end of the adjustable motor (14) is fixedly connected to a vertical lead screw (15) located in the adjustable vertical track (13), and an outer side wall of the vertical lead screw (15) is threadedly connected to a lifting slider (16).

5. The test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lifting slide block (16) is provided with a hook locking member (17), the end of the test pool plate (5) is connected to an assembly block (18) via a rotating member, the assembly block (18) is provided with a hanging opening adapted to the hook locking member (17), and the bottom of the test pool plate (5) is provided with a moving wheel.

6. The test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blocking steel wire member (7) is composed of detachable chucks at two ends and a steel wire, and a bayonet adapted to the detachable chuck is provided on the test pool plate (5).

7. The test device for exploring the protection performance of dam slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water storage and drainage device comprises a rectangular water storage tank (25) connected to the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder (2); the slope test platform (1) located at the bottom of the supporting rectangular vertical cylinder (2) is provided with a central water storage tank; the slope test platform (1) located at the control test unit is provided with a side water storage tank (26); the central water storage tank and the surrounding side water storage tanks (26) are connected to the metering cylinder (8) through a water accumulation channel.

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