Building modeling design method and system based on BIM model

Abstract

The invention discloses a building modeling design method and system based on a BIM model, and relates to the technical field of building modeling design, and the method comprises the steps: calculating the buckling bearing capacity of a building concrete column based on a finite element model, and evaluating the performance of a building design scheme according to fuzzy reasoning in combination with the matching degree of the predicted photovoltaic power generation amount and the power consumption of a building; creating a construction progress based on WBS according to the building model, creating a workspace based on a Dynamo visualization program according to the construction progress, obtaining a progress-space impact factor according to the construction progress and the workspace, and improving the progress-space impact factor based on a genetic algorithm; and evaluating whether the building modeling design scheme needs to be optimized or not according to the performance of the building design scheme and the improved progress-space impact factor. According to the method, the problem of working space conflict on the basis of ensuring the construction progress is solved, and the working space planning and construction progress optimization level in the construction process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building modeling and design, and more specifically, to a building modeling and design method and system based on a BIM model. Background Art

[0002] BIM (Building Information Modeling) is a technology and method for building design, construction, and operation management based on digital three-dimensional models. It is not just a three-dimensional model, but integrates various information of the building, covering all stages of the life cycle such as design, construction, operation and maintenance, so as to carry out more precise, coordinated and intelligent management throughout the project cycle.

[0003] Deficiencies of existing technologies: During the construction process, construction progress and workspace not only affect the quality and efficiency of the project, but may also lead to construction delays, increased costs and safety hazards. Workspace conflict refers to the situation where multiple work teams or equipment need to occupy the same or adjacent space areas at the same time at the construction site, resulting in mutual interference of operations, reduced construction efficiency, and even safety accidents. Workspace conflict during construction is a common construction management problem, especially in complex large-scale construction projects. The present invention solves the problem of workspace conflict on the basis of ensuring the construction progress by analyzing and optimizing the pre-construction architectural modeling design scheme, and improves the level of workspace planning and construction progress optimization during the construction process.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a building modeling and design method and system based on the BIM model, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology by analyzing and optimizing the building modeling and design scheme before construction.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A building modeling and design method based on a BIM model comprises: constructing a building model according to Revit software, installing a photovoltaic power generation system on the building, analyzing the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building, and calculating the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building according to the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption; calculating the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns based on a finite element model, and evaluating the performance of a building design scheme according to fuzzy reasoning in combination with the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption; creating a construction schedule based on a WBS according to the building model, creating a workspace based on a Dynamo visualization program according to the construction schedule, obtaining a schedule-space influence factor according to the construction schedule and the workspace, and improving the schedule-space influence factor based on a genetic algorithm; and evaluating whether the building modeling design scheme needs to be optimized according to the performance of the building design scheme and the improved schedule-space influence factor.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the process of calculating the matching degree of the building's expected photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption based on the expected photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption is as follows: obtain the building's expected photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption, compare the expected photovoltaic power generation with the building electricity consumption to obtain the building's demand for the photovoltaic power generation system, that is, the matching degree of the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building electricity consumption.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the steps of calculating the buckling bearing capacity of a building concrete column based on a finite element model are as follows: boundary conditions are set in a nonlinear finite element model, and a preliminary linear static analysis is performed to obtain an initial equilibrium state; loads are applied step by step by static force, and the column displacement, stress and strain of each step are recorded to update the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of the material; a load-displacement curve is drawn according to the applied load size and the column displacement, and the changes in the load-displacement curve are analyzed, and the load size corresponding to the inflection point of the curve is the buckling bearing capacity.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the process of evaluating the performance of a building design scheme is as follows: defining the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns and the matching degree between photovoltaic predicted power generation and building electricity consumption as input variables, and dividing them into different fuzzy sets respectively; defining the performance of the building design scheme as an output variable, and dividing it into fuzzy sets; formulating fuzzy rules to describe the influence of the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns and the matching degree between photovoltaic predicted power generation and building electricity consumption on the performance of the building design scheme; and performing fuzzy reasoning according to the fuzzy rules to determine the performance of the building design scheme.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the steps of creating a construction schedule based on WBS are as follows: determine the ultimate goal and scope of work of the project, decompose the project, and refine each stage into specific work packages, which are manageable, measurable, and deliverable units; list all tasks included in each work package, and determine the resources required for each task, and clarify the execution time and sequence of each task; estimate the time required for each task based on the complexity of the task and the availability of resources, and use the three-point estimation method to estimate the duration of the task; determine the order of tasks and the dependencies between tasks through a Gantt chart, and formulate a construction schedule in combination with the duration of the task.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of creating a workspace based on the Dynamo visualization program according to the construction progress are as follows: select model components and extract the parameters required by the model; create a baseline of the workspace, and move the baseline of the workspace through the Curve.Offset node to create a workspace boundary line; obtain the starting point of the boundary line through the node Curve.StartPoint, and obtain the four contour points of the workspace; summarize the four contour points of the workspace, and form a closed curve from the four contour points through the node PolyCurve.ByPoints, and after passing the closed curve into the node Solid.BySweep, specify the baseline as the path to generate the required workspace.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of obtaining the progress-space impact factor according to the construction progress and workspace are as follows: create a basic activity workspace, use the node Solid.Volume to summarize the volumes of all activity workspaces, and use the node Geometry.Intersect to perform intersection calculation on the workspace for creating the basic activity to determine the volume of the overlapping and intersecting part of the reference activity and the basic activity workspace, and divide the volume of the intersection part by the basic activity workspace to obtain the spatial impact factor of the basic activity; obtain the start date, end date and duration of all activities, determine the time ratio of the basic activity overlapping with other reference activities in the construction progress, and calculate the parallel progress impact factor of the basic activities in sequence; multiply the spatial impact factor of the basic activity by the parallel progress impact factor to obtain the progress-space impact factor.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of improving the progress-space influence factor based on the genetic algorithm are as follows: taking the progress-space influence factor of each activity as the individual fitness function, minimizing the sum of the progress-space influence factors of all activities as the objective function, and taking the ratio of the progress-space influence factor of the current population to that of the initial population as the fitness function; randomly generating an initial population, evaluating the individual fitness based on the individual fitness function, and selecting individuals with high fitness as the parent population according to the individual fitness ranking; pairing the individuals in the selected parent population, performing crossover and mutation operations, and generating an offspring population; when the preset fitness threshold is reached, stopping the operation, and the obtained objective function value is the improved progress-space influence factor.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of evaluating whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized based on the architectural design scheme performance and the improved progress-space impact factor are as follows: the architectural design scheme performance and the improved progress-space impact factor are defined as input variables, and they are divided into different fuzzy sets respectively; whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized is defined as an output variable, and it is divided into fuzzy sets; fuzzy rules are formulated to describe the influence of the architectural design scheme performance and the improved progress-space impact factor on whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized; fuzzy reasoning is performed according to the fuzzy rules to determine whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a system of a building modeling and design method based on a BIM model includes a construction module, an evaluation module, an improvement module, and an optimization module, and there are connections between the modules: a construction module, which is used to construct a building model according to Revit software, wherein the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and the photovoltaic predicted power generation and building power consumption of the building are analyzed, and the matching degree between the photovoltaic predicted power generation and building power consumption of the building is calculated according to the photovoltaic predicted power generation and building power consumption; an evaluation module, which is used to calculate the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns based on a finite element model, and evaluate the performance of the building design scheme according to fuzzy reasoning in combination with the matching degree between the photovoltaic predicted power generation and building power consumption; an improvement module, which is used to create a construction schedule based on the WBS according to the building model, create a workspace based on the Dynamo visualization program according to the construction schedule, obtain a schedule-space impact factor according to the construction schedule and the workspace, and improve the schedule-space impact factor based on a genetic algorithm; an optimization module, which is used to evaluate whether the building modeling design scheme needs to be optimized according to the performance of the building design scheme and the improved schedule-space impact factor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a building modeling and design method based on a BIM model in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a building modeling and design method based on a BIM model in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1, Figure 1 The present invention provides a building modeling and design method based on the BIM model.

[0020] The building model is constructed according to the Revit software, the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building are analyzed, and the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building is calculated according to the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption; Revit software is used to construct the architectural model, which includes three different modeling series: Revit Architecture, Revit Structure and Revit MEP, which can create models of architecture, structure and mechanical and electrical engineering respectively. Compared with other types of modeling software, this software has great advantages in model expression, which is that it can truly and accurately represent the actual building and embody the architectural design concept.

[0021] In the Revit modeling process, parametric design modeling is used. It mainly uses parametric architectural elements, i.e., parametric size, location information and other data information. Revit software can realize building component models that can be opened at any time, including beams, plates, columns, doors, windows, etc. By adjusting the parameters of the components, the type of components can be changed, such as doors and windows of different sizes, walls of different sizes and materials. There are related connections between these different components. On the basis of adjusting the parameters, you can also create a family to realize the components you want. Revit software can flexibly adapt to the creation needs of modelers. Users only need to enter parameter information once when opening, and they can apply these component information to create at any time in the subsequent creation process.

[0022] Obtain the estimated photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption of the building. Compare the estimated photovoltaic power generation with the building electricity consumption to obtain the value to obtain the building's demand for the photovoltaic power generation system, that is, the matching degree between the estimated photovoltaic power generation and the building electricity consumption. The specific calculation formula is: ; In the formula, It represents the expected photovoltaic power generation. represents the electricity consumption of the building, and P represents the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the electricity consumption of the building.

[0023] The buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns is calculated based on the finite element model, and the performance of the building design scheme is evaluated based on fuzzy reasoning, combining the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption; The finite element model is used to assign different material properties to simulate the mechanical properties of concrete columns. Compared with traditional algorithms, the performance parameters of concrete columns are increased and more in line with the measured parameters. The steps of establishing the finite element model are as follows: First, the geometric properties and material parameters of the concrete column are defined. Considering the strain softening and compression failure of concrete, the nonlinear stress-strain relationship needs to be reflected in the finite element analysis. Divide the column into finite element units (such as quadrilateral units, triangular units or cubic units) and set a sufficiently fine grid to ensure the accuracy of the analysis results. The density of the grid is related to the geometric shape of the column, loading conditions and nonlinear characteristics of the material; The concrete column is subjected to nonlinear processing, and the three degrees of freedom of the nodes of the finite element model are linearly displaced along the X, Y, and Z directions of the concrete column.

[0024] The steps for calculating the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns based on the finite element model are as follows: First, boundary conditions are set in the nonlinear finite element model, and a preliminary linear static analysis is performed to obtain the initial equilibrium state; The load is applied step by step by static force, and the column displacement, stress and strain at each step are recorded to update the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of the material; During the gradual loading process, the load-displacement curve is drawn according to the applied load size and column displacement.

[0025] Analyze the changes in the load-displacement curve. The load corresponding to the inflection point of the curve is the buckling bearing capacity, and the column buckles at this point.

[0026] The specific steps of combining the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns with the matching degree of photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption to fuzzy infer the performance of the building design solution are as follows: In step C1, the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns and the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption are defined as input variables, and they are divided into different fuzzy sets.

[0027] For example, "Low", "Medium", "High" for the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns, and "Low", "Medium", "High" for the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building electricity consumption.

[0028] Step C2, define the building design solution performance as the output variable and divide it into fuzzy sets, for example, "Low", "High", for the building design solution performance.

[0029] Step C3, formulate a set of fuzzy rules to describe the impact of different input variables on output variables. The definition of rules can be based on professional knowledge or obtained through data analysis and experiments. For example: The buckling bearing capacity of the building concrete column is marked as B, the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption is marked as P, and the performance of the building design scheme is marked as D, then it can be defined as: Rule 1: IF (B is High) AND (P is High) THEN (D is High ); Rule 2: IF (B is Low) AND (P is Low) THEN (D is Low ); ...; Step C4, performing fuzzy reasoning according to fuzzy rules to determine the performance of the building design solution.

[0030] It should be noted that the division of fuzzy sets can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, although this embodiment takes three fuzzy sets as examples, in fact, the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building electricity consumption, the buckling bearing capacity of the building concrete columns, and the performance of the building design scheme can be divided into more than three sets to facilitate better precise adjustment.

[0031] Furthermore, for the judgment of the performance of the building design scheme, a threshold can be set according to the actual situation. For example, when the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption exceeds 0.8, it is marked as "High"; when the buckling bearing capacity of the building concrete column is higher than 1000kN, it is marked as "High", and so on. I will not go into details here.

[0032] Create a construction schedule based on WBS according to the building model, create a workspace based on the Dynamo visualization program according to the construction schedule, obtain the schedule-space impact factor based on the construction schedule and workspace, and improve the schedule-space impact factor based on the genetic algorithm; Creating a construction schedule based on WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) is an important step in project management. It helps break down complex construction projects into smaller, more manageable tasks and ensures that the project is completed on time through clear timelines. Here are the steps to create a construction schedule based on WBS: Clarify the ultimate goal of the project, refine the scope of work of the project, decompose the project according to its main stages, and further refine each stage into specific work packages. Each work package should be a manageable, measurable and deliverable unit; List all tasks included in each work package to ensure that nothing is missed, determine the resources required for each task (such as workers, equipment, materials, etc.), and clarify the execution time and sequence of each task; Estimate the time required for each task based on the complexity of the task and the availability of resources, and use the three-point estimation method (optimistic estimation, pessimistic estimation, and most likely estimation) to estimate the duration of the task, or refer to the experience of similar projects and check the time taken for similar tasks in the past; Determine the order of tasks through Gantt charts, display the start and end time of each task, and the relationship between tasks, and develop a schedule based on the duration, dependencies, and resource availability of all tasks; Regularly check the actual construction progress of the project and compare it with the original plan.

[0033] Use Dynamo to build a workspace. Click on components to get parameters to create them. This avoids inputting a large number of parameters. Compared with secondary development, it is more convenient. In addition, Dynamo is easier to understand than programming languages ​​because of its visual programming, which is more friendly to engineers. The creation of a workspace in secondary development requires input parameters to create it. Compared with Dynamo, the creation of a workspace is more cumbersome, and the development language is more difficult to learn. Compared with the two methods, Dynamo has an advantage in generating workspaces. By comparing the two methods, the Dynamo method is chosen to create a workspace.

[0034] The specific steps involved in creating a workspace based on the Dynamo visualization program for the construction schedule are as follows: First, select the model components and extract the parameters required by the model, and create the baseline of the workspace. Use the Curve.Offset node to move the baseline of the workspace to create the boundary line of the workspace. Get the starting point of the boundary line through the node Curve.StartPoint, and get the four contour points of the workspace; The four contour points of the workspace are summarized and the four contour points are formed into a closed curve through the node PolyCurve.ByPoints. The closed curve is passed to the node Solid.BySweep and the baseline is specified as the path to generate the required workspace.

[0035] The specific steps to obtain the progress-space influencing factor based on the construction progress and workspace are as follows: Create a basic activity workspace, use the Solid.Volume node to summarize the workspace volume, and use the Geometry.Intersect node to calculate the intersection of the workspace where the basic activity is created to determine the volume of the overlapping and intersecting parts of other reference activities and the basic activity workspace, and divide the intersection volume by the basic activity workspace to obtain the spatial impact factor of the basic activity; Obtain the start date, end date and duration of all activities, determine the time proportion of the basic activities overlapping with other reference activities in the construction schedule, and calculate the parallel schedule impact factors of the basic activities in sequence; Multiply the spatial impact factor of the basic activity and the parallel progress impact factor to get the progress-spatial impact factor. The specific formula is as follows: ; In the formula, is the progress-space impact factor, It is the basic activity workspace. is the volume of the overlapping part of the reference activity and the base activity workspace, is the proportion of time that the base activity overlaps with other reference activities, is the reference activity duration.

[0036] The encoding method and genetic operation of genetic algorithms are relatively simple, the optimization is not constrained by restrictions, and it has the characteristics of implicit parallelism and global space search; The specific steps to improve the progress-space influencing factor based on genetic algorithm are as follows: The name of the project activity is encoded as the gene position of the chromosome, and the gene value is the start time of the activity. In this way, the gene position and gene value correspond to the activity name and start time, and are combined with the gene to form a chromosome. A chromosome represents a schedule; The progress-space impact factor of each activity is used as the individual fitness function, the sum of the progress-space impact factors of all activities is minimized as the objective function, and the ratio of the progress-space impact factor of the current population to that of the initial population is used as the fitness function; The initial population is randomly generated, the individual fitness is evaluated based on the fitness function, and the individuals with high fitness are selected as the parent population according to the individual fitness ranking; Pair the individuals in the selected parent population, perform crossover and mutation operations, and generate offspring populations; When the preset fitness threshold is reached, the operation is stopped, and the objective function value obtained is the improved progress-space impact factor.

[0037] Evaluate whether the architectural modeling design solution needs to be optimized based on the performance of the architectural design solution and the improved progress-space impact factor.

[0038] The specific steps of evaluating whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized based on the performance of the architectural design scheme and the improved progress-space impact factor are as follows: In step C1, the architectural design scheme performance and the improved progress-space impact factor are defined as input variables, and they are divided into different fuzzy sets.

[0039] For example, "Low", "Medium", "High" for building design solution performance, "Low", "Medium", "High" for improved schedule-space impact factor.

[0040] Step C2, whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized is defined as an output variable, and it is divided into fuzzy sets, for example, "No", "Yes", for whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized.

[0041] Step C3, formulate a set of fuzzy rules to describe the impact of different input variables on output variables. The definition of rules can be based on professional knowledge or obtained through data analysis and experiments. For example: Mark the performance of the architectural design scheme as D, the improved progress-space impact factor as S, and whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized as Y, then we can define: Rule 1: IF (D is High) AND (S is Low) THEN (Y is No ); Rule 2: IF (D is Low) AND (S is High) THEN (Y is Yes ); ...; Step C4, performing fuzzy reasoning according to fuzzy rules to determine the performance of the building design solution.

[0042] It should be noted that the division of fuzzy sets can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, although this embodiment takes three fuzzy sets as examples, in fact, the performance of the architectural design scheme, the improved progress-space impact factor, and whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized can be divided into more than three sets to facilitate better precise adjustment.

[0043] Furthermore, for the judgment of whether the building modeling design scheme needs to be optimized, a threshold can be set according to the actual situation. For example, when the performance of the building design scheme exceeds 0.8, it is marked as "High", and when the improved progress-space impact factor is higher than 10, it is marked as "High", etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0044] Embodiment 2, Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a building modeling and design method based on a BIM model in the present invention.

[0045] A system for a building modeling and design method based on a BIM model includes: A construction module is used to construct a building model according to Revit software, wherein the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and analyze the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building, and calculate the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building according to the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption; An evaluation module is used to calculate the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns based on a finite element model and to evaluate the performance of building design solutions based on fuzzy reasoning in combination with the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building's electricity consumption; Improvement module, used to create construction schedule based on WBS according to building model, create workspace based on Dynamo visualization program according to construction schedule, obtain schedule-space influence factor according to construction schedule and workspace, and improve schedule-space influence factor based on genetic algorithm; The optimization module is used to evaluate whether the building modeling design scheme needs to be optimized based on the performance of the building design scheme and the improved progress-space impact factor.

[0046] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0047] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0048] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0049] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0050] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0051] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building modeling and design method based on BIM model, characterized in that: include: The building model is constructed according to the Revit software, the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building are analyzed, and the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building is calculated according to the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption; The buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns is calculated based on the finite element model, and the performance of the building design scheme is evaluated based on fuzzy reasoning, combining the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption; Create a construction schedule based on WBS according to the building model, create a workspace based on the Dynamo visualization program according to the construction schedule, obtain the schedule-space impact factor based on the construction schedule and workspace, and improve the schedule-space impact factor based on the genetic algorithm; Evaluate whether the architectural modeling design solution needs to be optimized based on the performance of the architectural design solution and the improved progress-space impact factor.

2. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of calculating the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption of the building according to the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption is as follows: Obtain the estimated photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption of the building, and compare the estimated photovoltaic power generation with the building electricity consumption to obtain the building's demand for the photovoltaic power generation system, that is, the matching degree between the estimated photovoltaic power generation and the building electricity consumption. The specific calculation formula is: ; In the formula, It represents the expected photovoltaic power generation. represents the electricity consumption of the building, and P represents the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the electricity consumption of the building.

3. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps for calculating the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns based on the finite element model are as follows: Set boundary conditions in the nonlinear finite element model and perform preliminary linear static analysis to obtain the initial equilibrium state; Apply loads step by step by static force, record column displacement, stress and strain at each step, and update the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of the material; The load-displacement curve is drawn according to the applied load size and column displacement, and the changes in the load-displacement curve are analyzed. The load size corresponding to the inflection point of the curve is the buckling bearing capacity.

4. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The process for evaluating the performance of a building design solution is as follows: The buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns and the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building electricity consumption are defined as input variables, and they are divided into different fuzzy sets respectively. The performance of architectural design solutions is defined as the output variable and divided into fuzzy sets; Formulate fuzzy rules to describe the impact of the buckling capacity of building concrete columns and the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building power consumption on the performance of the building design scheme; Fuzzy reasoning is performed based on fuzzy rules to determine the performance of the building design solution.

5. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The steps for creating a construction schedule based on WBS are as follows: Determine the ultimate goal and scope of the project, and decompose the project into specific work packages for each phase. Work packages are manageable, measurable, and deliverable units. List all the tasks included in each work package, determine the resources required for each task, and clarify the execution time and sequence of each task; Estimate the time required for each task based on the complexity of the task and the availability of resources, and use the three-point estimation method to estimate the duration of the task; The order of tasks and the dependencies between tasks are determined through the Gantt chart, and a construction schedule is formulated based on the task duration.

6. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of creating a workspace based on the Dynamo visualization program according to the construction progress are as follows: Select model components and extract the parameters required for the model; Create the baseline of the workspace, and use the Curve.Offset node to move the baseline of the workspace to create the boundary line of the workspace; Get the starting point of the boundary line through the node Curve.StartPoint, and get the four contour points of the workspace; The four contour points of the workspace are summarized and the four contour points are formed into a closed curve through the node PolyCurve.ByPoints. The closed curve is passed to the node Solid.BySweep and the baseline is specified as the path to generate the required workspace.

7. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the progress-space impact factor according to the construction progress and workspace are as follows: Create a basic activity workspace, use the Solid.Volume node to summarize the volumes of all activity workspaces, and use the Geometry.Intersect node to calculate the intersection of the workspaces that create the basic activity to determine the volume of the overlapping and intersecting parts of the reference activity and the basic activity workspaces, and divide the volume of the intersection part by the basic activity workspace to obtain the spatial impact factor of the basic activity; Obtain the start date, end date and duration of all activities, determine the time proportion of the basic activities overlapping with other reference activities in the construction schedule, and calculate the parallel schedule impact factors of the basic activities in sequence; Multiply the spatial impact factor of the basic activity and the parallel progress impact factor to get the progress-spatial impact factor. The specific formula is as follows: ; In the formula, is the progress-space impact factor, It is the basic activity workspace. is the volume of the overlapping part of the reference activity and the base activity workspace, is the proportion of time that the base activity overlaps with other reference activities, is the reference activity duration.

8. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of improving the progress-space impact factor based on the genetic algorithm are as follows: The progress-space impact factor of each activity is used as the individual fitness function, the sum of the progress-space impact factors of all activities is minimized as the objective function, and the ratio of the progress-space impact factor of the current population to that of the initial population is used as the fitness function; Randomly generate the initial population, evaluate the individual fitness based on the individual fitness function, and select individuals with high fitness as the parent population according to the individual fitness ranking; Pair the individuals in the selected parent population, perform crossover and mutation operations, and generate offspring populations; When the preset fitness threshold is reached, the operation is stopped, and the objective function value obtained is the improved progress-space impact factor.

9. The architectural modeling and design method based on the BIM model according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of evaluating whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized based on the performance of the architectural design scheme and the improved progress-space impact factor are as follows: The performance of architectural design scheme and the improved progress-space impact factor are defined as input variables, and they are divided into different fuzzy sets respectively; Whether the architectural modeling design scheme needs to be optimized is defined as the output variable and divided into fuzzy sets; Formulate fuzzy rules to describe the performance of architectural design solutions and the impact of improved progress-space influencing factors on whether the architectural modeling design solution needs to be optimized; Fuzzy reasoning is performed based on fuzzy rules to determine whether the architectural modeling design solution needs to be optimized.

10. A building modeling and design system based on a BIM model, used to implement a building modeling and design method based on a BIM model as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes building modules, evaluation modules, improvement modules, and optimization modules. There are connections between modules: A construction module is used to construct a building model according to Revit software, wherein the building is equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system, and analyze the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building, and calculate the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption of the building according to the expected photovoltaic power generation and building power consumption; An evaluation module is used to calculate the buckling bearing capacity of building concrete columns based on a finite element model and to evaluate the performance of building design solutions based on fuzzy reasoning in combination with the matching degree between the expected photovoltaic power generation and the building's electricity consumption; Improvement module, used to create construction schedule based on WBS according to building model, create workspace based on Dynamo visualization program according to construction schedule, obtain schedule-space influence factor according to construction schedule and workspace, and improve schedule-space influence factor based on genetic algorithm; The optimization module is used to evaluate whether the building modeling design scheme needs to be optimized based on the performance of the building design scheme and the improved progress-space impact factor.

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