Transmit clutter suppression

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for transmit clutter suppression. An example method of signal transmission by a transceiver generally includes outputting a first signal from a transmit chain in a first state; determining that a power associated with the first signal violates a spectral mask; and outputting a second signal from the transmit chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

Description

Background Art Technical Field

[0001] Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to electronic circuits and, more particularly, to radio frequency transceivers.

[0002] Related technologies

[0003] Electronic devices include traditional computing devices, such as desktop computers, notebook computers, tablet computers, smart phones, wearable devices such as smart watches, Internet servers, etc. These various electronic devices provide information, entertainment, social interaction, security, safety, productivity, transportation, manufacturing and other services for human users. Many functions of these various electronic devices rely on wireless communication. Wireless communication systems and devices are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, message transmission, broadcast, etc. Wireless communication devices can send and / or receive radio frequency (RF) signals via any of various suitable radio access technologies (RATs), including but not limited to 5G new radio (NR), long term evolution (LTE), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), wideband CDMA (WCDMA), global system for mobile (GSM), Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy (BLE), ZigBee, wireless local area network (WLAN) RAT (e.g., IEEE 802.11), etc. Summary of the invention

[0004] The systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure each have several aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for its desirable characteristics. Without limiting the scope of the present application as expressed by the claims that follow, some features will now be briefly discussed. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled "Detailed Description of the Invention," it will be understood how the features of the present disclosure provide advantages including reducing adjacent channel interference, improving error vector magnitude performance, and allowing online detection of spectral mask violations.

[0005] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method of signal transmission. The method generally includes outputting a first signal from a transmission chain in a first state; determining that a power associated with the first signal violates a spectrum mask; and outputting a second signal from the transmission chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

[0006] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a device for signal transmission. The device generally includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to cause a transceiver to output a first signal from a transmission chain in a first state. The processor is further configured to determine that a power violation spectrum mask associated with the first signal is present. The processor is further configured to cause the transceiver to output a second signal from the transmission chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

[0007] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for signal transmission. The apparatus generally includes means for outputting a first signal from a transmission chain in a first state; means for determining that a power associated with the first signal violates a spectrum mask; and means for outputting a second signal from the transmission chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

[0008] To achieve the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects include the features fully described below and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings set forth in detail some illustrative features of one or more aspects. However, these features are merely indicative of some of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed, and this specification is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to be able to understand in detail the manner in which the above-mentioned features of the present disclosure are achieved, a more specific description briefly summarized above may be obtained by reference to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the scope thereof, as the specification may admit to other equally effective aspects.

[0010] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an example RF transceiver.

[0011] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating further details of an example radio frequency transceiver configured to perform transmit clutter suppression.

[0012] Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating example operations for transmit clutter suppression.

[0013] Figure 4 is a graph illustrating an example of a spectral power response of a transceiver to a spectral mask.

[0014] Figure 5 is a flow chart of example operations for transmit clutter suppression.

[0015] Figure 6is an illustration of a wireless communication network including wireless communication devices configured to perform transmit clutter suppression.

[0016] To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one aspect may be beneficially utilized on other aspects without specific recitation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to circuits for transmit clutter suppression and methods of performing transmit clutter suppression.

[0018] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., IEEE 802.11 wireless systems), spectrum masks are used to ensure that transmissions do not emit too much radiation in adjacent channels or sub-bands. The spectrum mask can define the maximum transmit power allowed at certain frequencies across the channel bandwidth and adjacent frequency bands. In some cases, the spectrum mask can be in terms of power levels (e.g., dBr) relative to the peak transmit power across a certain frequency band. The spectrum mask can be used to reduce adjacent channel interference by limiting excessive radiation at frequencies adjacent to the bandwidth of the transmission. In some aspects, the spectrum mask may depend on the bandwidth of the channel and / or the generation of the radio access technology (RAT). The generation of RAT may refer to a specific generation of IEEE 802.11, such as IEEE802.11a, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11be, etc. For example, a different spectrum mask may be used for a 20MHz channel compared to a 40MHz channel, and a different spectrum mask may be used for IEEE802.11n compared to a spectrum mask for IEEE 802.11ac.

[0019] For example, for a channel with a 20 MHz bandwidth, the spectrum mask may specify that the maximum transmit power may be at most zero decibels relative to the peak transmit power (dBr) at ±9 MHz from the center frequency of the bandwidth. The spectrum mask may also specify that the maximum transmit power may be at most -20 dBr at ±11 MHz from the center frequency of the bandwidth. The spectrum mask may specify that the maximum transmit power may be at most -28 dBr at ±20 MHz from the center frequency of the bandwidth. The spectrum mask may specify that the maximum transmit power may be at most -40 dBr at ±30 MHz from the center frequency of the bandwidth.

[0020] A wireless communication device may include a transceiver (also referred to as a radio frequency front end (RFFE) circuit or RF transceiver circuit) for transmitting and / or receiving RF signals. In some cases, a transceiver may generate spurious RF emissions at certain frequencies, such as frequencies adjacent to the bandwidth. Spurious emissions may be referred to as "spurs," where generally speaking, spurs may represent unwanted signals, for example, due to harmonics, intermodulation, leakage, or interference. Spurs may cause excessive adjacent channel leakage and / or adjacent channel interference. For example, in a transceiver, spurs may cause a spectrum mask violation at certain channels. That is, spurs may exceed the allowable transmit power level provided by the spectrum mask. In some cases, spurs may be caused by harmonics generated by certain circuits, such as a baseband phase-locked loop (BB-PLL) and / or a local oscillator (LO). Over time, spurs may invalidate marginal spectrum masks.

[0021] For example, to reduce the power level of spurious signals, a transceiver may use a higher transmit baseband filter (BBF) gain and reduced RF gain if the spurious level is relatively insensitive to the BBF gain. In some cases, spectrum mask violations may be mitigated by gain lookup table changes, where the gain lookup table provides gains for different components in the transceiver for certain channels and transmit power levels. Gain lookup table changes may degrade error vector magnitude (EVM) performance due to reduced linearity, especially for high modulation and coding scheme (MCS) rates. Gain lookup table changes may be implemented for certain channels that exhibit spurious emissions. In some cases, spurious channels may be affected by EVM degradation regardless of whether the spurious level invalidates the spectrum mask.

[0022] Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for transmit clutter suppression. To improve EVM performance at spurious channels, a transceiver can dynamically adjust the gain across certain circuits (e.g., BBF gain, power amplifier gain, etc.) by monitoring spectrum mask violations. For example, a transceiver can use a feedback path that couples the transmit chain of the transceiver to the receive chain to measure, correlate, and calculate clutter levels, as described herein for Figure 2 Further described. The transceiver may determine whether a spectrum mask is violated based on a transmit signal sampled using a feedback path between a transmit chain and a receive chain. In response to detecting a spectrum mask violation, the transceiver may transmit the signal using a gain from a specific lookup table configured for spurious emission suppression.

[0023] The methods and apparatus for transmit clutter suppression described herein may provide various advantages. For example, the methods and apparatus for transmit clutter suppression described herein may allow for online clutter detection, where a transceiver may respond to spurious emissions due to changes in operating conditions (such as transmit power changes, MCS changes, temperature changes, etc.). The methods and apparatus for transmit clutter suppression described herein may mitigate EVM degradation using a specific lookup table configured for spurious emission suppression. The methods and apparatus for transmit clutter suppression described herein may maximize transmit EVM performance across voltage and temperature and avoid EVM degradation.

[0024] Example RF Transceiver

[0025] Figure 1 is a block diagram of an example RF transceiver circuit 100 according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. The RF transceiver circuit 100 includes at least one transmit (TX) path 102 (also referred to as a “transmit chain”) for transmitting signals via one or more antennas 106 and at least one receive (RX) path 104 (also referred to as a “receive chain”) for receiving signals via antenna 106. When TX path 102 and RX path 104 share antenna 106, these paths can be connected to the antenna via interface 108, which can include any of a variety of suitable RF devices, such as switches, duplexers, diplexers, multiplexers, etc.

[0026] Receiving an in-phase (I) or quadrature (Q) baseband analog signal from a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 110, the TX path 102 may include a baseband filter (BBF) 112, a mixer 114, a driver amplifier (DA) 116, and a power amplifier (PA) 118. For certain aspects, the BBF 112, the mixer 114, the DA 116, and the PA 118 may be included in a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC). For other aspects, the PA 118 (and / or other components) may be external to the RFIC.

[0027] The BBF 112 filters the baseband signal received from the DAC 110, and the mixer 114 mixes the filtered baseband signal with a transmit local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the baseband signal of interest to a different frequency (e.g., upconvert from baseband to radio frequency). This frequency conversion process produces sum and difference frequencies between the LO frequency and the frequency of the baseband signal of interest. The sum and difference frequencies are referred to as "beat frequencies." The beat frequencies are typically in the RF range, so that the signal output by the mixer 114 is typically an RF signal, which may be amplified by the DA 116 and / or by the PA 118 before being transmitted through the antenna 106.

[0028] The RX path 104 may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 124, a mixer 126, and a baseband filter (BBF) 128. The LNA 124, the mixer 126, and the BBF 128 may be included in an RFIC, which may be the same RFIC as the RFIC that includes the TX path components, or may be a different RFIC. An RF signal received via the antenna 106 may be amplified by the LNA 124, and the mixer 126 mixes the amplified RF signal with a receive local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the RF signal of interest to a different baseband frequency (e.g., down-convert). The baseband signal output by the mixer 126 may be filtered by the BBF 128 before being converted to a digital I or Q signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 130 for digital signal processing.

[0029] Some transceivers may employ a frequency synthesizer with a variable frequency oscillator (e.g., a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) or a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO)) to generate a stable, tunable LO with a particular tuning range. Thus, the transmit LO may be generated by a TX frequency synthesizer 120, which may be buffered or amplified by an amplifier 122 before being mixed with a baseband signal in a mixer 114. Similarly, the receive LO may be generated by an RX frequency synthesizer 132, which may be buffered or amplified by an amplifier 134 before being mixed with an RF signal in a mixer 126. For certain aspects, a single frequency synthesizer may be used for both the TX path 102 and the RX path 104.

[0030] The controller 136 may direct the operation of the RF transceiver circuit 100, such as transmitting signals via the TX path 102 and / or receiving signals via the RX path 104. In certain aspects, the controller 136 may perform operations related to transmit clutter suppression as further described herein. The controller 136 may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. The memory 138 may store data and program codes for operating the RF transceiver circuit 100. The controller 136 and / or the memory 138 may include control logic components (e.g., CMOS logic components).

[0031] Although Figure 1 An RF transceiver in which certain aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented is provided as an example application to facilitate understanding, but certain aspects related to transmit clutter suppression described herein may be utilized in a variety of other suitable electronic systems.

[0032] Example Transmit Clutter Suppression

[0033] Figure 2 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example RF transceiver 200 configured to perform transmit clutter suppression. The RF transceiver 200 may include circuits of the RF transceiver circuit 100. The RF transceiver 200 may also include a coupler 240, a feedback path 242, a feedback component 244, and a modem 246. In some cases, the RF transceiver 200 may include a transconductance amplifier 250. Figure 2 This is merely one example of an RF transceiver, and other circuits including fewer, additional, or alternative elements or components are possible and consistent with the present disclosure.

[0034] The coupler 240 may include an RF coupler or an RF switch. The coupler 240 may selectively couple the output of the transmit chain 102 to the receive chain 104. For example, the coupler 240 may be coupled to the output of the PA 118 and the output of the LNA 124 (and / or the input of the transconductance amplifier 250). The coupler 240 may be coupled to the receive chain 104 via a feedback path 242. The feedback path 242 may allow a transmit signal output from the transmit chain 102 to be fed back to the receive chain 104. In the case of an RF switch, the coupler 240 may be coupled to the modem 246 via a control path 256, which may carry a signal indicating whether to open or close the connection of the coupler 240 to the feedback path 242. In some cases, the feedback path 242 may be used to evaluate compliance of the transmit power with a spectrum mask and other operations, such as digital pre-distortion (DPD) characterization and / or transmit power control measurements.

[0035] Feedback component 244 may include an amplifier, a buffer, an attenuator, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the feedback component may include a voltage buffer and / or a current buffer. Feedback component 244 may be coupled between coupler 240 and receive chain 104, for example, along feedback path 242. Feedback component 244 may electrically isolate receive chain 104 from transmit chain 102. Feedback component 244 may prevent transmit chain 102 from overloading receive chain 104.

[0036] The modem 246 may be coupled to the input of the DAC 110 and the output of the ADC 130. The modem 246 may perform digital modulation and / or demodulation on the data stream. The modem 246 may perform various digital processing on the data stream, such as scrambling, modulation (e.g., quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)), layer mapping, and / or spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding). In some cases, the modem 246 may encode / decode the data stream across multiple carrier frequencies, for example, via orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).

[0037] The modem 246 may include a processor 252 and a memory 254, wherein the processor 252 is communicatively coupled to the memory 254. The processor 252 may include the controller 136, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other PLD, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. The memory 254 may be a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory 254 may store instructions (e.g., computer executable code) that, when executed by the processor 252, cause the processor 252 to perform the functions described herein, such as for example Figure 3 and / or Figure 5 Describes the operation for transmit clutter suppression.

[0038] For example, the processor 252 may obtain a signal output from the transmit chain 102 via a coupler 240 that selectively couples the transmit chain 102 to the receive chain 104 through a feedback path 242. The processor 252 may compare the spectral power of the signal to a spectral mask and determine whether the power of the signal violates the spectral mask. If the power of the signal violates the spectral mask, the processor 252 may determine to implement a change to the gain used across the transmit chain 102. The processor 252 may dynamically adjust the gain used across the transmit chain 102 in response to detecting a spectral mask violation. For example, the processor 252 may adjust a specific gain for the BBF 112, the DA 116, the mixer 114, and / or the PA 118. In certain aspects, the processor 252 may use gains specified in a lookup table configured for transmit clutter suppression, wherein each of these gains is associated with a specific element (e.g., the BBF 112, the DA 116, the mixer 114, and / or the PA 118) in the transmit chain 102.

[0039] The transconductance (GM) amplifier 250 may allow the receive chain 104 to operate in current mode rather than voltage mode. In some aspects, the GM amplifier 250 may include a low noise transconductance amplifier (LNTA). The GM amplifier 250 may output a current in response to a differential input voltage (not shown). The GM amplifier 250 may allow a passive mixer to be used as the mixer 126 to improve the linearity and noise performance of the receive chain 104. The GM amplifier 250 may convert the RF signal into a current and drive the mixer 126 in current mode.

[0040] Figure 3 A flow diagram illustrating example operations 300 for transmit clutter suppression is shown. For example, operations 300 may be performed by a transceiver, such as RF transceiver 200. In some aspects, these operations may be performed (or at least caused to be performed) by a processor of the transceiver, such as processor 252.

[0041] Operations 300 may optionally begin at block 302, where the transceiver may perform certain calibrations. For example, the transceiver may calibrate pre-distortion for a PA (such as PA 118) to reduce the nonlinearity of the PA. The transceiver may calibrate harmonic or intermodulation cancellation that is implemented to suppress harmonics generated by specific circuits (such as mixers and / or PAs). The transceiver may calibrate cancellation for self-interference to improve isolation between the transmit chain and the receive chain. Calibration may be performed at the factory before the wireless communication device is deployed.

[0042] At block 304, the transceiver may measure the spectral power output from the transmit chain (e.g., at an antenna). The transceiver may output a signal (e.g., a modulated signal) from the transmit chain in a first state, wherein the first state may correspond to operating the transmit chain with first gain information (e.g., a gain lookup table) associated with circuits in the transmit chain (e.g., BBF, mixer, DA, and / or PA). The first gain information may provide a default set of gains for different circuits across the transmit chain at different power levels, and may be specifically used when there is no spectral mask violation (i.e., when the transmitted spectral power satisfies the spectral mask). The transceiver may provide a feedback path (such as a Figure 2 The transceiver may control a coupler (e.g., coupler 240) to couple the transmit chain 102 to the receive chain 104. In certain aspects, the transceiver may adjust the gain applied to the transmit chain and / or the receive chain to allow a modem of the transceiver to decode the spectral power of the output signal. The transceiver may record or capture samples of the output signal to measure the spectral power of the signal. The transceiver may convert the spectral power of the signal to a relative power level, such as by using the peak transmit power of the signal as a reference power level.

[0043] At block 306, the transceiver may determine whether the power (e.g., spectral power) of the signal violates a spectrum mask, for example, based on the channel bandwidth and / or the generation of the RAT used for transmission (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11be, etc.). The transceiver may compare the spectral power of the signal with the spectrum mask. The transceiver may select a spectrum mask for comparison from a spectrum mask power level table. The table may include a set of maximum power levels associated with the channel bandwidth and the peak transmit power level, wherein each set of the maximum power level sets may include power levels at different frequencies relative to the center frequency of the bandwidth, for example, ±9 MHz, ±11 MHz, ±20 MHz, and ±30 MHz from the center frequency. The transceiver may be pre-configured with a spectrum mask power table, and the table may be generated based on certain spectrum masks (e.g., IEEE spectrum mask standards).

[0044] If the spectral power of the signal satisfies the spectral mask, the transceiver may continue to transmit in the first state at block 308. For example, the transceiver may continue to transmit the signal based on the first gain information in response to detecting that the power of the signal satisfies the spectral mask.

[0045] If the spectral power of the signal violates the spectrum mask, then at box 310, the transceiver may transmit in a second state, where the second state corresponds to operating the transmit chain with second gain information that is different from the first gain information. The second gain information may provide an alternative set of gains for circuits in the transmit chain at different power levels. The second gain information may be specifically used when the spectrum mask is violated. The second gain information may be configured to allow transmission to meet the spectrum mask when a spectrum mask violation is detected. The transceiver may adjust the gain applied to certain circuits in the transmit chain. For example, relative to the first information, the transceiver may increase the gain applied to the BBF and reduce the gain applied to the PA. The transceiver may adjust the gain applied to the circuits in the transmit chain based on the second gain information.

[0046] In certain aspects, the transceiver may evaluate the spectrum mask compliance of the transmit chain for various operating conditions, such as different transmit power levels, different gain levels or indices, different channel bandwidths, different frequencies, different operating temperatures, different supply voltages, etc. For example, the transceiver may re-execute operation 300 starting at block 304. For each of the operating conditions (or combinations of operating conditions), the transceiver may repeatedly measure the spectrum power of the transmit chain at block 304 and determine at block 306 whether there is a spectrum mask violation for the corresponding operating condition (or combination of operating conditions). The transceiver may store the results and apply the first gain information or the second gain information according to the current operating conditions of the transceiver. For example, assuming that it is detected based on a previous spectrum power measurement that the transceiver will operate in violation of the spectrum mask (e.g., a particular temperature and transmit frequency combination may produce a spectrum mask violation), the transceiver may switch to operating the transmit chain using the second gain information in response to such detection.

[0047] For certain aspects, the transceiver may evaluate the spectrum mask compliance of the transmit chain periodically and / or in response to certain events, such as changes in operating conditions. For example, the transceiver may periodically evaluate the spectrum mask compliance of the transmit chain every 500 milliseconds, one second, or ten seconds. In some cases, the transceiver may evaluate the spectrum mask compliance of the transmit chain in response to certain events, such as a change in the operating temperature of the transceiver, a change in transmit power, a change in channel bandwidth, a change in frequency, or any combination thereof. Online monitoring of the spectrum mask compliance of the transmit chain may allow the transceiver to dynamically respond to spectrum mask violations to reduce adjacent channel leakage.

[0048] In some cases, each of the first gain information and the second gain information may correspond to a different lookup table. The lookup table may be used to determine the gain level associated with a circuit for certain output powers in the transmission chain according to whether there is a spectrum mask violation. Each of the lookup tables may be associated with certain output powers of the transmission chain. For example, the lookup table may provide various gains for different output powers of the transmission chain. The lookup table may include different values ​​of output power associated with certain circuits in the transmission chain (e.g., Pout_1 and Pout_2 in Table 1). Table 1 is an example of a lookup table that can be used to set various gains based on the output power of the transmission chain. Table 1 includes a first output power (Pout_1) associated with a first BBF gain (BBF_G1), a first DA gain (DA_G1), and a first PA gain (PA_G1), and a second output power (Pout_2) associated with a second BBF gain (BBF_G2), a second DA gain (DA_G2), and a second PA gain (PA_G2).

[0049] BBF Gain DA Gain PA Gain <![CDATA[Output power (P out )]]> BBF_G1 DA_G1 PA_G1 Pout_1 BBF_G2 DA_G2 PA_G2 Pout_2

[0050] Table 1

[0051] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the parameters given in Table 1 are exemplary only. Other parameters or parameter categories may be used in addition to or in place of those given in Table 1 for the lookup table. For example, the gain and corresponding output power may further depend on the channel bandwidth, modulation and coding scheme, transmission frequency, etc.

[0052] Figure 4 4 is a graph illustrating an example of a spectral power response 402 for a spectral mask 404 in terms of transmit power versus frequency. The spectral power response 402 may represent the power of a transmission across a certain bandwidth or spectrum output from a transmission chain (e.g., transmission chain 102). In some cases, the spectral power response 402 may be obtained by, for example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The coupler 240 and feedback path 242 described measure the signal output from the transmit chain to determine. In this example, the spectrum power response 402 has a spurious 406 at a certain frequency (e.g., a harmonic of the LO or BBF). The spurious 406 has a power level 408 that exceeds the maximum power level of the spectrum mask 404 at the frequency of the spurious 406. That is, the spectrum power response 402 violates the spectrum mask 404.

[0053] In some aspects, the power level 408 of the spurious signal 406 may be determined relative to the peak transmit power 410 of the spectral power response 402. In some cases, the absolute power level of the spurious signal 406 may be used to determine whether the spurious signal 406 violates the spectral mask 404. The absolute power level may be determined based on transmit power control measurements (such as transmit power control operations implemented for IEEE 802.11). The spectral power response 402 may be determined by digital signal processing at a modem of the transceiver (e.g., by sampling the output signal with an ADC).

[0054] Figure 5 5 is a flow chart of example operations 500 for signal transmission with transmit clutter suppression. Operations 500 may be performed by a transceiver, such as RF transceiver 200. Operations 500 may be implemented as a processor, such as one or more processors, such as Figure 2 In addition, the signal transmission and reception performed by the transceiver in operation 500 may be performed by one or more antennas (e.g., Figure 1 In some aspects, the transmission and / or reception of signals by the transceiver may be implemented via a bus interface of a circuit (eg, RFIC) that obtains and / or outputs signals.

[0055] Operations 500 may optionally begin at block 502, where a transceiver may output a first signal from a transmit chain (e.g., transmit chain 102) in a first state. For example, the transceiver may output a data signal from the transmit chain. As described herein, the first state may correspond to operating the transmit chain with first gain information (e.g., a gain lookup table) associated with circuits in the transmit chain (e.g., BBF, mixer, DA, and / or PA).

[0056] At block 504, the transceiver may determine that the power associated with the first signal (e.g., spectral power response 402) violates a spectral mask (e.g., spectral mask 404). The transceiver may obtain one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmit chain in the first state, and the transceiver may determine that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectral mask based at least in part on the one or more measurements associated with the first signal. The measurements associated with the first signal may include the spectral power of the first signal, such as Figure 44. The measurement may be in terms of a transmit power control metric or in terms of decibels (dBr) relative to a peak spectral power of the first signal. The transceiver may compare the spectral power of the first signal to a spectral mask. In certain aspects, the transceiver may obtain the measurement associated with the first signal via a feedback path (e.g., feedback path 242) coupling an output of a transmit chain (e.g., an output of PA 118) to a receive chain (e.g., receive chain 104).

[0057] At block 506, the transceiver may output a second signal from the transmit chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state. The second state may correspond to operating the transmit chain with second gain information configured to satisfy a spectral mask and / or suppress adjacent channel leakage. For example, the gain applied to the circuits in the transmit chain in the second state may be different from the gain applied to the circuits in the first state.

[0058] The transceiver may output a second signal from the transmission chain in the second state based at least in part on information associated with the second state (e.g., second gain information). The information associated with the first state and the second state may include a lookup table (e.g., Table 1) of gains associated with different components in the transmission chain. The information associated with the second state may include a set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain, and each of the sets of one or more gains may be associated with an output power of the transmission chain. The information associated with the second state may include a first set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain and a second set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain, wherein the first set of one or more gains corresponds to a first output power of the transmission chain, and the second set of one or more gains corresponds to a second output power of the transmission chain.

[0059] The transceiver may apply a particular set of gains from the information to a corresponding component in the transmit chain. Each of the one or more sets of gains may include multiple gains, and each of the multiple gains may be associated with a different component (e.g., BBF, mixer, DA, and / or PA) in the transmit chain. To output a second signal, the transceiver may apply each of the multiple gains in one of the one or more sets of gains corresponding to the second state to a corresponding component in the transmit chain.

[0060] The gain information associated with the second state may be channel specific. The gain information associated with the second state may depend on the channel used to output the first signal and / or the second signal. The information associated with the second state may include a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain, and each set of the one or more gains corresponds to a different frequency channel. For example, a specific set of gains may be used for a single channel.

[0061] In some aspects, the gain information associated with the second state may be associated with multiple channels (e.g., wideband gain information). The information associated with the second state may include a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain across multiple frequency channels. For example, a particular set of gains may be used for multiple channels.

[0062] A spectrum mask may be specified for wireless communications in a shared spectrum or wireless local area network (WLAN). For example, a spectrum mask may be provided in the IEEE 802.11 standard. A spectrum mask may include one or more maximum transmit powers across a spectrum or bandwidth.

[0063] In certain aspects, the transceiver may iterate through different operating conditions to evaluate spectrum mask compliance. The transceiver may obtain one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmit chain in multiple states (e.g., operating conditions) or across multiple channels. The transceiver may determine, for each of the multiple states or each of the multiple channels, whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask.

[0064] For certain aspects, the transceiver may periodically and / or in response to certain events evaluate the spectrum mask compliance of the transmission chain, as described herein. The transceiver may output a third signal from the transmission chain in a first state. The transceiver may determine that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask. The transceiver may output a fourth signal from the transmission chain in a second state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask. The transceiver may determine that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask in response to satisfying one or more criteria. The one or more criteria may be satisfied when a timer expires and / or when an event is detected. The timer may be reset after it expires so that the transceiver periodically evaluates spectrum compliance. The transceiver may monitor one or more events that trigger the evaluation of spectrum mask compliance, such as a change in the operating temperature of the transceiver, a change in the transmit power, a change in the channel bandwidth, a change in the frequency, or any combination thereof.

[0065] In some aspects, if the transceiver detects that the transmitted spectral power satisfies the spectral mask, the transceiver may continue to operate in the first state (e.g., using the first gain information). The transceiver may output a third signal from the transmit chain in the first state. The transceiver may determine that the power associated with the third signal satisfies the spectral mask. The transceiver may output a fourth signal from the transmit chain in the first state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal satisfies the spectral mask.

[0066] Example Wireless Communication Network

[0067] In certain aspects, apparatus and methods for transmit clutter suppression may be employed in certain wireless communication devices in a wireless network. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication network 600 including a wireless communication device 602 having a plurality of wireless communication devices such as Figure 1 The wireless transceiver 696 of the RF transceiver circuit 100. In some aspects, the wireless transceiver 696 may include transmit clutter suppression circuitry such as that included in the RF transceiver 200.

[0068] In the wireless communication network 600, a wireless communication device 602 communicates with a base station 604 via a wireless link 606. As shown, the wireless communication device 602 is depicted as a smart phone. However, the wireless communication device 602 can be implemented as any suitable computing or other electronic device, such as a cellular base station, a broadband router, an access point, a cellular or mobile phone, a gaming device, a navigation device, a media device, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a network attached storage (NAS) device, a smart appliance, a vehicle-based communication system, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a sensor or security device, an asset tracker, etc.

[0069] Base station 604 communicates with wireless communication device 602 via wireless link 606, which can be implemented as any suitable type of wireless link. Although depicted as a base station tower of a cellular radio network, base station 604 can represent or be implemented as another device, such as a satellite, a terrestrial broadcast tower, an access point, a peer device, a mesh network node, a fiber optic line, another electronic device substantially as described above, etc. Thus, wireless communication device 602 can communicate with base station 604 or another device via a wired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination thereof. Wireless link 606 can include a downlink of data or control information communicated from base station 604 to wireless communication device 602, and an uplink of other data or control information communicated from wireless communication device 602 to base station 604. Wireless link 606 can use any suitable communication protocol or standard (such as 3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution (3GPP LTE), 3GPP New Radio Fifth Generation (NR 5G), IEEE 802.11 (WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), Bluetooth TM etc.) to achieve this.

[0070] The wireless communication device 602 includes a processor 608 and a memory 610. The memory 610 may be part of or form part of a computer-readable storage medium. The processor 608 may include any type of processor configured to execute processor-executable instructions (e.g., code) stored by the memory 610, such as an application processor or a multi-core processor. The memory 610 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the processor 608, cause the processor 608 to perform operations for the wireless communication device 602. Figure 3 and Figure 5 Operation 300 and / or operation 500 described herein, or any aspects related to such operations. Memory 610 may include any suitable type of data storage medium, such as volatile memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM)), non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory), optical media, magnetic media (e.g., disk or tape), etc. In the context of the present disclosure, memory 610 is implemented to store instructions 612, data 614 and other information of wireless communication device 602, and therefore when configured as a computer-readable storage medium or a portion thereof, memory 610 does not include transient propagation signals or carrier waves. That is, memory 610 may include non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media).

[0071] The wireless communication device 602 may also include input / output ports 616. The I / O ports 616 enable data exchange or interaction with other devices, networks, or users or components of the device.

[0072] The wireless communication device 602 may also include a signal processor (SPC) 618, such as, for example, a digital signal processor (DSP). The signal processor 618 may function similarly to the processor 608 and may be capable of executing instructions and / or processing information in conjunction with the memory 610.

[0073] For communication purposes, the wireless communication device 602 also includes a modem 620, a wireless transceiver 622, and an antenna (not shown). The wireless transceiver 622 uses radio frequency (RF) wireless signals to provide connectivity to corresponding networks and other wireless communication devices connected to these corresponding networks, and may include Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 The RF transceiver (circuitry) 100, 200 of the present invention. The wireless transceiver 622 can facilitate communication over any suitable type of wireless network, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN), a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, a mesh network, a cellular network, a wireless wide area network (WWAN), a navigation network (e.g., the Global Positioning System (GPS) or another Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in North America), and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN).

[0074] The various operations of the above methods may be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding functions. The component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors. For example, a component for outputting and / or applying gain may include a transceiver (e.g., RF transceiver 200) and / or a processor (e.g., processor 252). A component for determining may include a controller or a processor (e.g., processor 252).

[0075] Based on the present disclosure, it should be understood that the transceiver and method for transmitting clutter suppression described herein provide various advantages. The methods and devices described herein can allow online clutter detection and suppression. The methods and devices described herein can utilize a specific lookup table configured for spurious emission suppression to mitigate EVM degradation.

[0076] Example aspects

[0077] In addition to the above-mentioned various aspects, specific combinations of the various aspects are also within the scope of the present disclosure, and the details of some of the specific combinations are as follows:

[0078] Aspect 1: A method of signal transmission, the method comprising: outputting a first signal from a transmission chain in a first state; determining that a power associated with the first signal violates a spectrum mask; and outputting a second signal from the transmission chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

[0079] Aspect 2: According to the method of Aspect 1, the method also includes: outputting a third signal from the transmission chain in the first state; determining that the power associated with the third signal satisfies the spectrum mask; and outputting a fourth signal from the transmission chain in the first state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal satisfies the spectrum mask.

[0080] Aspect 3: According to the method described in Aspect 1 or 2, the method also includes: obtaining one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmission chain in the first state, wherein determining that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask includes determining that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask based at least in part on the one or more measurements associated with the first signal.

[0081] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3, wherein the one or more measurements are in terms of a transmit power control metric or decibels relative to a peak spectral power of the first signal.

[0082] Aspect 5: The method according to aspect 3 or 4, wherein obtaining the one or more measurements associated with the first signal includes obtaining the one or more measurements associated with the first signal via a feedback path coupling an output of the transmit chain to a receive chain.

[0083] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein outputting the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state includes outputting the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state based at least in part on information associated with the second state.

[0084] Aspect 7: A method according to Aspect 6, wherein: the information associated with the second state includes a set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain; and each set of the one or more gains is associated with an output power of the transmission chain.

[0085] Aspect 8: A method according to Aspect 6 or 7, wherein: the information associated with the second state includes a first set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain and a second set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain; the first set of one or more gains corresponds to a first output power of the transmission chain; and the second set of one or more gains corresponds to a second output power of the transmission chain.

[0086] Aspect 9: A method according to Aspect 7 or 8, wherein: each of the one or more sets of gains includes multiple gains, and each of the multiple gains is associated with a different component in the transmission chain; and outputting the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state includes applying each of the multiple gains in a set of the one or more sets of gains corresponding to the second state to a corresponding component in the transmission chain.

[0087] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 6 to 9, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a lookup table of gains associated with different components in the transmission chain.

[0088] Aspect 11: A method according to any one of Aspects 6 to 10, wherein the information associated with the second state includes a set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain, and each of the one or more sets of gains corresponds to a frequency channel.

[0089] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 6 to 10, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain across multiple frequency channels.

[0090] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, wherein the spectrum mask is specified for wireless communications in a shared spectrum or a wireless local area network.

[0091] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, wherein the spectrum mask comprises one or more maximum transmit powers across the spectrum.

[0092] Aspect 15: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 14, the method further includes: obtaining one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmission chain in multiple states or across multiple channels, wherein determining whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask includes determining whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask for each state in the multiple states or each channel in the multiple channels.

[0093] Aspect 16: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 15, the method further includes: outputting a third signal from the transmission chain in the first state; determining that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask; and outputting a fourth signal from the transmission chain in the second state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask.

[0094] Aspect 17: The method of Aspect 16, wherein determining that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask comprises determining that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask in response to satisfying one or more criteria.

[0095] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when a timer expires or when an event is detected.

[0096] Aspect 19: A device for signal transmission, the device comprising: a memory; and a processor, the processor being coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to: cause a transceiver to output a first signal from a transmission chain in a first state, determine that a power violation spectrum mask associated with the first signal is present, and cause the transceiver to output a second signal from the transmission chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

[0097] Aspect 20: An apparatus according to Aspect 19, wherein: the processor is further configured to obtain one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmission chain in the first state; and in order to determine that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask, the processor is further configured to determine that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask at least in part based on the one or more measurements associated with the first signal.

[0098] Aspect 21: An apparatus according to Aspect 20, the apparatus further comprising: a feedback path coupled between the output end of the transmitting chain and the receiving chain; and wherein in order to obtain the one or more measurements associated with the first signal, the processor is further configured to obtain the one or more measurements associated with the first signal by coupling the output end of the transmitting chain to the feedback path of the receiving chain.

[0099] Aspect 22: An apparatus according to any one of Aspects 19 to 21, wherein in order to output the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state, the processor is further configured to cause the transceiver to output the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state at least partially based on information associated with the second state.

[0100] Aspect 23: An apparatus according to Aspect 22, wherein: the information associated with the second state includes a set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain; and each set of the one or more gains is associated with an output power of the transmission chain.

[0101] Aspect 24: An apparatus according to Aspect 22 or 23, wherein: the information associated with the second state includes a first set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain and a second set of one or more gains associated with the transmission chain; the first set of one or more gains corresponds to a first output power of the transmission chain; and the second set of one or more gains corresponds to a second output power of the transmission chain.

[0102] Aspect 25: An apparatus according to Aspect 23, wherein: each of the one or more sets of gains includes multiple gains, and each of the multiple gains is associated with a different component in the transmission chain; and in order to output the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state, the processor is further configured to cause the transceiver to apply each of the multiple gains in one of the sets of one or more gains corresponding to the second state to a corresponding component in the transmission chain.

[0103] Aspect 26: The apparatus according to any one of aspects 22 to 25, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a lookup table of gains associated with different components in the transmission chain.

[0104] Aspect 27: The apparatus according to any one of aspects 19 to 26, wherein the spectrum mask is specified for wireless communications in a shared spectrum or a wireless local area network.

[0105] Aspect 28: An apparatus according to any one of aspects 19 to 27, wherein the spectrum mask comprises one or more maximum transmit powers across the spectrum.

[0106] Aspect 29: An apparatus according to any one of Aspects 19 to 28, wherein: the processor is further configured to obtain one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmit chain in multiple states or across multiple channels; and in order to determine whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask, the processor is further configured to determine whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask for each state in the multiple states or each channel in the multiple channels.

[0107] Aspect 30: An apparatus according to any one of Aspects 19 to 29, wherein the processor is further configured to: cause the transceiver to output a third signal from the transmission chain in the first state; determine that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask; and cause the transceiver to output a fourth signal from the transmission chain in the second state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectrum mask.

[0108] Aspect 31: A device comprising: a memory comprising computer-executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause a processing system to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 18.

[0109] Aspect 32: An apparatus comprising means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 18.

[0110] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a processing system, cause the processing system to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 18.

[0111] Aspect 34: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program product comprising code for executing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 18.

[0112] Additional considerations

[0113] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein are not limited to the scope, applicability or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed. Each example may ignore, replace or add each procedure or component as appropriate. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from the described order, and various actions may be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described for some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods practiced using other structures, functions, or structures and functions that are supplemented or substituted for the various aspects of the present disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0114] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the present disclosure may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

[0115] As used herein, a signal may refer to a detectable physical quantity or pulse (such as voltage, current, or magnetic field strength over time) through which a message or information may be transmitted. A signal may carry information that can be used for observation.

[0116] As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items (including single members). For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0117] As used herein, the term "determining" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, a database, or another data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Furthermore, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), and the like. Furthermore, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and the like.

[0118] The method disclosed herein includes one or more actions for implementing the method. The method actions can be interchangeable with each other without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific actions can be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. In addition, the various operations of the method described above can be performed by any appropriate component that can perform the corresponding function. The component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or processors.

[0119] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the various aspects shown herein, but should be granted the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Within the claims, unless otherwise specified, references to elements in the singular form are not intended to mean "one and only one", but "one or more". Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" refers to one or more. No claim element is interpreted according to the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112 (f) unless the element is explicitly stated using the phrase "member for...". All structural and functional equivalents of the elements of the various aspects described throughout the present disclosure that are known or will be known later to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. In addition, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for signal transmission, the method comprising: outputting a first signal from the transmit chain in a first state; determining that a power associated with the first signal violates a spectral mask; as well as A second signal is output from the transmit chain in a second state in response to the determining, the second state being different from the first state.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: outputting a third signal from the transmission chain in the first state; determining that a power associated with the third signal satisfies the spectral mask; as well as A fourth signal is output from the transmit chain in the first state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal satisfies the spectral mask.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: One or more measurements associated with the first signal are obtained while the first signal is output from the transmit chain in the first state, wherein determining that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask includes determining that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask based at least in part on the one or more measurements associated with the first signal.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the one or more measurements are in terms of a transmit power control metric or in terms of decibels relative to a peak spectral power of the first signal.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein obtaining the one or more measurements associated with the first signal comprises obtaining the one or more measurements associated with the first signal via a feedback path coupling an output of the transmit chain to a receive chain. 6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein outputting the second signal from the transmit chain in the second state comprises outputting the second signal from the transmit chain in the second state based at least in part on information associated with the second state.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The information associated with the second state includes a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain; and Each of the one or more sets of gains is associated with an output power of the transmit chain.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The information associated with the second state includes a first set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain and a second set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain; The first set of one or more gains corresponds to a first output power of the transmit chain; and The second set of one or more gains corresponds to a second output power of the transmit chain.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein: Each set of the one or more sets of gains includes a plurality of gains, and each gain of the plurality of gains is associated with a different component in the transmit chain; and Outputting the second signal from the transmit chain in the second state includes applying each of the plurality of gains in one of the sets of one or more gains corresponding to the second state to a corresponding component in the transmit chain.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a lookup table of gains associated with different components in the transmit chain.

11. The method of claim 6, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain, and each of the one or more sets of gains corresponds to a frequency channel.

12. The method of claim 6, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain across a plurality of frequency channels.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the spectral mask is specified for wireless communications in a shared spectrum or a wireless local area network.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the spectrum mask comprises one or more maximum transmit powers across a spectrum.

15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: While outputting the first signal from the transmit chain in multiple states or across multiple channels, one or more measurements associated with the first signal are obtained, wherein determining whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask includes determining whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectrum mask for each of the multiple states or each of the multiple channels.

16. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: outputting a third signal from the transmission chain in the first state; determining that a power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask; and A fourth signal is output from the transmit chain in the second state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask comprises determining that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask in response to one or more criteria being satisfied.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more criteria are satisfied when a timer expires or when an event is detected.

19. An apparatus for signal transmission, the apparatus comprising: Memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to: causing the transceiver to output a first signal from the transmission chain in a first state; determining that a power associated with the first signal violates a spectral mask; as well as The transceiver is caused to output a second signal from the transmit chain in a second state in response to the determination, the second state being different from the first state.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein: The processor is further configured to obtain one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmit chain in the first state; and To determine that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectral mask, the processor is further configured to determine that the power associated with the first signal violates the spectral mask based at least in part on the one or more measurements associated with the first signal.

21. The apparatus according to claim 20, further comprising: a feedback path coupled between an output of the transmit chain and a receive chain; and Wherein to obtain the one or more measurements associated with the first signal, the processor is further configured to obtain the one or more measurements associated with the first signal via coupling the output of the transmit chain to the feedback path of the receive chain.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein to output the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state, the processor is further configured to cause the transceiver to output the second signal from the transmission chain in the second state based at least in part on information associated with the second state.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein: The information associated with the second state includes a set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain; and Each of the one or more sets of gains is associated with an output power of the transmit chain.

24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein: The information associated with the second state includes a first set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain and a second set of one or more gains associated with the transmit chain; The first set of one or more gains corresponds to a first output power of the transmit chain; and The second set of one or more gains corresponds to a second output power of the transmit chain.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein: Each set of the one or more sets of gains includes a plurality of gains, and each gain of the plurality of gains is associated with a different component in the transmit chain; and To output the second signal from the transmit chain in the second state, the processor is further configured to cause the transceiver to apply each of the plurality of gains in one of the sets of the one or more gains corresponding to the second state to a corresponding component in the transmit chain.

26. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the information associated with the second state comprises a lookup table of gains associated with different components in the transmit chain.

27. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the spectral mask is specified for wireless communications in a shared spectrum or a wireless local area network.

28. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the spectral mask comprises one or more maximum transmit powers across a frequency spectrum.

29. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein: The processor is further configured to obtain one or more measurements associated with the first signal while outputting the first signal from the transmit chain in multiple states or across multiple channels; and To determine whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectral mask, the processor is further configured to determine, for each state of the plurality of states or each channel of the plurality of channels, whether the power associated with the first signal violates the spectral mask.

30. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to: causing the transceiver to output a third signal from the transmission chain in the first state; determining that a power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask; and The transceiver is caused to output a fourth signal from the transmit chain in the second state in response to the determination that the power associated with the third signal violates the spectral mask.

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