Mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical auxiliary catalyst fluidized plasma reaction device, and a reaction cavity is formed by coaxial inner and outer medium pipes, two ground electrodes and a high-voltage electrode; the first ground electrode, the outer medium pipe, the high-voltage electrode, the inner medium pipe and the second ground electrode are arranged from outside to inside to form the reaction cavity; a sealing device is arranged at the port of the outer medium pipe, a motor in the sealing device is connected to the head port of the inner medium pipe through a transmission device to drive the inner medium pipe, the high-voltage electrode and the second ground electrode to rotate along a straight line with the central axis; gas enters the inner medium pipe through the gas inlet hole in the sealing device, enters the reaction cavity, enters the cavity between the inner and outer medium pipes through the tail end of the inner medium pipe and finally flows out from the gas outlet hole at the head of the outer medium pipe. The application solves the problem of weakened discharge caused by catalyst wall sticking while increasing gas treatment efficiency, and significantly improves energy utilization efficiency and synergistic effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma processing technology, and specifically to a plasma reaction apparatus and method for mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization. Background Technology

[0002] The utilization of biomass energy generates harmful byproducts—tar. Tar is a complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that easily condenses into a black, viscous substance, leading to scaling and subsequent corrosion and clogging of equipment. Traditional tar treatment methods include physical and chemical removal. Physical removal methods include water washing, filtration, and electrostatic precipitation, but these only partially remove tar and can cause secondary pollution. Electrostatic precipitation is only effective for smaller liquid particles and is inconvenient to operate. Chemical methods involve thermal decomposition reactions that require oxygen injection and a temperature of 1200°C. o At temperatures above 30°C, the reaction conditions are extremely harsh. Catalytic cracking requires the addition of a catalyst, which can generate high catalytic activity in a short time, but prolonged reaction will lead to deactivation due to the formation of coke, thus resulting in high costs.

[0003] Plasma is a collection of numerous particles, including electrons, atoms, molecules, active free radicals, and excited-state species. Common methods for generating plasma include dielectric barrier discharge, microwave discharge, sliding arc discharge, and corona discharge. Dielectric barrier discharge involves placing an insulating dielectric between two metal electrodes. Gas molecules between the electrodes ionize under a strong electric field, eventually penetrating the entire channel. Dielectric barrier discharge offers advantages such as stable discharge, simple apparatus, and the ability to occur at room temperature and pressure, making it one of the most widely used methods for plasma generation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. The technical problem to be solved:

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a plasma reactor with mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization. The device incorporates a motor that drives gears and an inner media tube to rotate the base, thereby scraping off the catalyst adhering to the walls due to siphon effect and electrostatic adsorption, allowing the catalyst to re-fluidize. Simultaneously, the two blades of the rotating base and the inner wall of the outer media tube form an airflow channel, achieving a gas-gathering effect and enabling the catalyst to reach a higher floating height at the same flow rate. Furthermore, this device employs a three-electrode structure, increasing the gas processing area for the same volume, thus enhancing the processing effect and efficiency.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution:

[0007] A plasma reaction apparatus for mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization is characterized in that: its reaction chamber is composed of coaxially sleeved inner and outer dielectric tubes, two ground electrodes, and a high-voltage electrode; wherein the outer dielectric tube is in the shape of a long test tube, and the first ground electrode is sleeved on the outer surface of the outer dielectric tube; the spiral high-voltage electrode is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner dielectric tube; the second ground electrode covers the inner wall of the inner dielectric tube; the first ground electrode, the second ground electrode, the high-voltage electrode, and the inner and outer dielectric tubes are coaxially arranged, and the two directly opposite ground electrodes and the high-voltage electrode form a plasma reaction chamber in the inner cavity of the inner and outer dielectric tubes; the head of the outer dielectric tube... The port is fixedly connected to the sealing device through a sealing and fixing device; the sealing device is equipped with a motor and its wiring structure; the motor output shaft is connected to the head port of the inner medium tube through a transmission device to drive the inner medium tube, the high voltage electrode and the second ground electrode to rotate in a straight line with their central axis; during operation, the gas to be treated enters the inner medium tube and the reaction chamber through the air inlet hole set in the sealing device, that is, it enters the inner medium tube through the air inlet hole, enters the cavity between the inner and outer medium tubes through the tail end of the inner medium tube, and finally flows out from the air outlet hole set at the head of the outer medium tube.

[0008] Furthermore, a rotating base is provided at the tail end of the inner and outer media tubes; the rotating base is fixed to the surface of the inner media tube and can rotate with the rotation of the inner media tube; the rotating base includes a cylindrical base, and the tail end of the inner media tube is fixedly sleeved to the inner wall of the cylindrical base for fixation; multiple L-shaped rotating blades are provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical base; the rotating blades include a connecting part and a diverging part connected to the cylindrical base; the diverging parts of the multiple rotating blades are bud-shaped and can wrap around the outer wall of the inner media tube and are in close contact with the inner wall of the outer media tube, so that when the rotating base rotates, the rotating blades can scrape off the adhering material on the inner wall of the inner media tube; the shape of the connecting part connected to the bottom of the cylindrical base is hemispherical and adapted to the shape of the tail end of the outer media tube, so that it can rotate in close contact with the inner wall of the tail end of the outer media tube; the cross-section of the diverging part of the rotating blades is triangular, and the side of the triangle that is in contact with the outer media tube is arc-shaped.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating base has six rotating blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing device includes a sealing device body, an air inlet, a motor, and a sealing device base; the motor is fixed to the sealing device body by a groove seal; the sealing device base is located at the bottom of the sealing device body and is fixedly connected to the outer medium pipe by threads; the air inlet penetrates through the sealing device body to the sealing device base and communicates with the inner cavity of the inner medium pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a first gear and a second gear are also provided inside the sealing device; the second gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the first gear meshes with the second gear; the first gear is sleeved on the end of the inner medium tube to drive the inner medium tube to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, a bearing is also provided between the sealing device body and the sealing device base; the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner medium tube, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the sealing base so that the inner ring of the bearing rotates with the inner medium tube while the sealing base remains stationary.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor and its wiring are sealed within a sealing device.

[0014] Furthermore, both the inner and outer medium tubes are quartz tubes; the outer medium tube has a length of 160~240mm, an outer diameter of 8~14mm, and a wall thickness of 0.8~1.6mm; the inner medium tube has a length of 160~240mm, an outer diameter of 4~6mm, and a wall thickness of 0.8~1.6mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode is a high-voltage electrode made of stainless steel, copper, or iron, with a spiral diameter of 5-7 mm, a wire diameter of 1-2 mm, a pitch of 2-7 mm, a length of 60-120 mm, and a distance of 6-14 mm from the inner wall of the outer dielectric tube; both the first and second ground electrodes are copper mesh or stainless steel mesh; the first ground electrode is 60-120 mm long and 8-14 mm in diameter; the second ground electrode is 60-120 mm long, covers the inner wall of the inner dielectric tube, and is 0-10 mm from the bottom of the inner dielectric tube.

[0016] 3. Beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The plasma reaction apparatus for mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization disclosed in this method uses a motor to drive the inner medium tube to rotate, thereby driving the rotating base to rotate. Due to the unique structure of the blades of the rotating base, the catalyst adhering to the wall due to the siphon effect and electrostatic adsorption can be scraped off, so that the catalyst can be re-fluidized. At the same time, when processing gas, the two adjacent blades of the rotating base form an airflow channel with the inner wall of the outer medium tube, so that the gas gathers in the airflow channel, achieving the effect of gas gathering, which is conducive to the catalyst achieving a completely fluidized state.

[0018] (2) The mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization plasma reactor disclosed in this method can not only achieve dielectric barrier discharge treatment of gas, but also surface discharge treatment of gas. When the gas enters the space between the second ground electrode and the high voltage electrode, surface discharge treatment is achieved; when the gas enters the space between the first ground electrode and the high voltage electrode, dielectric barrier discharge treatment is achieved, which effectively improves the gas treatment efficiency.

[0019] (3) The plasma reactor with mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization disclosed in this method introduces gas into the reaction zone through a closed space, avoiding gas leakage and environmental pollution. Compared with existing biomass tar treatment methods, the plasma device simplifies and stabilizes the process, reduces temperature requirements, lowers the requirements for device materials, ensures stable operation, facilitates catalyst replacement, and allows for self-adjustment according to different needs, thus showing broad application prospects.

[0020] In summary, this device employs a dual-electrode and high-voltage electrode design, which increases gas processing efficiency while maintaining the same electrode length. It also solves the problem of reduced discharge due to catalyst adhesion to the wall, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency. Furthermore, this device enables the catalyst to achieve a higher fluidization height at lower flow rates, ensuring sufficient contact between the catalyst and plasma, while simultaneously increasing the residence time of the reactant gas, thus contributing to better reaction results. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall external view of the device;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the sealing device and its connecting parts in this apparatus;

[0023] Figure 3 An exploded view of the device showing the location of the reaction chamber in this apparatus;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the sealing device body in a specific embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the sealing device base in a specific embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the sealing and fixing device in this apparatus;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the motor in this device;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the bearing in this device;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the inner medium tube side of the rotating base in this device;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the rotating base of the device that fits against the outer medium tube.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Reaction chamber 1; High-voltage electrode 2; First ground electrode 3; Outer medium tube 4; Inner medium tube 5; Second ground electrode 6; Sealing and fixing device 7; Groove structure of sealing and fixing device 701; Sealing device 8; Sealing device base 801; Groove 802; First gear 803; Second gear 804; Motor outlet 805; Outlet hole of second ground electrode 806; High-voltage electrode lead-out interface 807; Motor 9; Air inlet 10; Air outlet 11; Rotating base 12; Cylindrical base of rotating base 1201; Rotating blade of rotating base 1202; Thread 13; Bearing 14. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 10 As shown, a plasma reaction device for mechanically assisted catalyst fluidization is characterized in that: its reaction chamber 1 is composed of inner and outer dielectric tubes connected by a common central axis, two ground electrodes, and a high-voltage electrode 2; wherein the outer dielectric tube is in the shape of a long test tube, and the first ground electrode 3 is sleeved on the outer surface of the outer dielectric tube 4; the spiral high-voltage electrode is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner dielectric tube 5; the second ground electrode 6 covers the inner wall of the inner dielectric tube; the first ground electrode, the second ground electrode, the high-voltage electrode, and the inner and outer dielectric tubes are coaxially arranged, and the two ground electrodes and the high-voltage electrode facing each other form a plasma reaction chamber in the inner cavity of the inner and outer dielectric tubes; the outer dielectric tube... The head port is fixedly connected to the sealing device 8 by a sealing fixing device 7; the sealing device is equipped with a motor 9 and its wiring structure; the motor output shaft is connected to the head port of the inner medium tube through a transmission device to drive the inner medium tube, the high voltage electrode and the second ground electrode to rotate in a straight line with their central axis; during operation, the gas to be treated enters the inner medium tube and the reaction chamber through the air inlet 10 set in the sealing device, that is, it enters the inner medium tube through the air inlet, enters the cavity between the inner and outer medium tubes through the tail end of the inner medium tube, and finally flows out from the air outlet 11 set at the head of the outer medium tube.

[0034] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 9 , 10As shown, a rotating base 12 is also provided at the tail end of the inner and outer medium tubes; the rotating base is fixed to the surface of the inner medium tube and can rotate with the rotation of the inner medium tube; the rotating base includes a cylindrical base 1201, and the tail end of the inner medium tube is fixedly sleeved to the inner wall of the cylindrical base for fixation; multiple L-shaped rotating blades 1202 are provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical base; the rotating blades include a connecting part and a diverging part connected to the cylindrical base; the diverging part of the multiple rotating blades is bud-shaped and can wrap around the outer wall of the inner medium tube and be in close contact with the inner wall of the outer medium tube, and the rotating blades can scrape off the adhering material on the inner wall of the inner medium tube when the rotating base rotates; the shape of the connecting part connected to the bottom of the cylindrical base is hemispherical and adapted to the shape of the tail end of the outer medium tube, and can rotate in close contact with the inner wall of the tail end of the outer medium tube; the cross-section of the diverging part of the rotating blade is triangular, and the side of the triangle that is in contact with the outer medium tube is arc-shaped.

[0035] Furthermore, the rotating base has six rotating blades.

[0036] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the sealing device includes a sealing device body, an air inlet, a motor, and a sealing device base 801; the motor is sealed and fixed to the sealing device body through a groove 802; the sealing device base is located at the bottom of the sealing device body and is fixedly connected to the outer medium pipe through a thread 13; the air inlet passes through the sealing device body to the sealing device base and communicates with the inner cavity of the inner medium pipe.

[0037] Furthermore, a first gear 803 and a second gear 804 are also provided inside the sealing device; the second gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the first gear meshes with the second gear; the first gear is sleeved on the end of the inner medium tube to drive the inner medium tube to rotate.

[0038] Furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 8 As shown, a bearing 14 is also provided between the sealing device base and the sealing fixing device; the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner medium tube, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the sealing base so that the inner ring of the bearing rotates with the inner medium tube while the sealing base remains stationary; the bottom of the bearing is fixed by the groove structure 701 provided in the sealing fixing device.

[0039] Furthermore, the motor and its wiring are sealed within a sealing device.

[0040] Furthermore, both the inner and outer medium tubes are quartz tubes; the outer medium tube has a length of 160~240mm, an outer diameter of 8~14mm, and a wall thickness of 0.8~1.6mm; the inner medium tube has a length of 160~240mm, an outer diameter of 4~6mm, and a wall thickness of 0.8~1.6mm.

[0041] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode is a high-voltage electrode made of stainless steel, copper, or iron, with a spiral diameter of 5-7 mm, a wire diameter of 1-2 mm, a pitch of 2-7 mm, a length of 60-120 mm, and a distance of 6-14 mm from the inner wall of the outer dielectric tube; both the first and second ground electrodes are copper mesh or stainless steel mesh; the first ground electrode is 60-120 mm long and 8-14 mm in diameter; the second ground electrode is 60-120 mm long, covers the inner wall of the inner dielectric tube, and is 0-10 mm from the bottom of the inner dielectric tube. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0043] This embodiment provides a structural diagram of a sealing device; as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the main body of the sealing device is hollow, and the motor and its connecting structure are sealed and fixed inside the hollow. Figure 4 802 is a groove adapted to the shape of the motor for fixing and placing the motor. 805 is the motor outlet for connecting the motor to external power. The sealing device is connected to the sealing device base via screws and matching screw holes, with rubber sealing rings added at the edges of both to ensure isolation from external air. 806 in the figure is the outlet hole for the second ground electrode, allowing the second ground electrode to be led out for grounding and keeping the outlet sealed. Figure 5 In the diagram, 806 is the connection port between the internal medium tube and the sealing device. The sealing device is fixed as a whole by entering through three screw holes into the corresponding screw holes. 807 is the high-voltage electrode lead-out interface. The high-voltage electrode is connected to the external high-voltage electrical system via a bearing. The threads in the threaded sealing device in the diagram engage to place the bearing between the two and fix it in place. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the sealing device consists of fitting the two bodies and the base together in a shape-adaptive manner and sealing the connection between them. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0045] This implementation example is attached. Figure 6 As shown, this is a sealing and fixing device located between the sealing device and the inner and outer medium pipes; the thread in the upper figure mates with the thread of the sealing device base to fix the bearing in the middle of the sealing device base. The base of the sealing device mates with 701 in the figure to fix the bearing. Specific Implementation Example 3:

[0047] As attached Figure 9 , 10As shown in the figure, the rotating base in this embodiment has six blades. The figure shows the structure of the rotating base from two different perspectives. As shown in the figure, the rotating blade is divided into a connecting part and a diverging part. In this embodiment, the diverging part is at an angle of 15-30° to the tangential direction of the base cylinder, and the cross-section of the diverging part is triangular. This arc-shaped blade design allows the bottom of the rotating base to scrape away the catalyst in the dead zone, concentrating the catalyst in the area of ​​dense airflow. The diverging part is fitted outside the inner medium tube. When the inner medium tube rotates, it drives the rotating base to rotate synchronously, causing the catalyst to concentrate towards the center, increasing the amount of catalyst in the area of ​​dense airflow, and increasing the amount of catalyst fluidized at the same flow rate. At the same time, two adjacent blades are closely fitted with the outer medium tube, forming an airflow channel between the two blades and the outer medium tube, so that the gas can only flow out from the airflow channel between the six adjacent blades, achieving the effect of gas concentration and improving the fluidization effect at the same flow rate.

[0048] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, these are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor apparatus, characterized by: The reaction chamber consists of inner and outer dielectric tubes connected by a common central axis, two ground electrodes, and a high-voltage electrode. The outer dielectric tube is a long test tube, with the first ground electrode sleeved on its outer surface. The spiral high-voltage electrode is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner dielectric tube, and the second ground electrode covers the inner wall of the inner dielectric tube. The first ground electrode, the second ground electrode, the high-voltage electrode, and the inner and outer dielectric tubes are coaxially arranged, and the two opposing ground electrodes and the high-voltage electrode form a plasma reaction chamber in the inner cavity of the inner and outer dielectric tubes. The head end of the outer dielectric tube is fixedly connected to the sealing device through a sealing device. The sealing device contains a motor and its wiring structure. The motor output shaft is connected to the head end of the inner dielectric tube through a transmission device to drive the inner dielectric tube, the high-voltage electrode, and the second ground electrode to rotate in a straight line with their central axis. During operation, the gas to be processed enters the inner dielectric tube and the reaction chamber through the air inlet in the sealing device, that is, it enters the inner dielectric tube through the air inlet, enters the cavity between the inner and outer dielectric tubes through the tail end of the inner dielectric tube, and finally flows out from the air outlet at the head end of the outer dielectric tube. The inner and outer media tubes are also provided with a rotating base at their tail ends. The rotating base is fixed to the surface of the inner media tube and can rotate with the rotation of the inner media tube. The rotating base includes a cylindrical base, and the tail end of the inner media tube is fixedly sleeved to the inner wall of the cylindrical base for fixation. Multiple L-shaped rotating blades are provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical base. The rotating blades include a connecting part and a diverging part connected to the cylindrical base. The diverging parts of the multiple rotating blades are bud-shaped and can wrap around the outer wall of the inner media tube and are in close contact with the inner wall of the outer media tube. When the rotating base rotates, the rotating blades can scrape off the adhering substances on the inner wall of the inner media tube. The shape of the connecting part connected to the bottom of the cylindrical base is hemispherical and adapted to the shape of the tail end of the outer media tube, and can rotate in close contact with the inner wall of the tail end of the outer media tube. The cross-section of the diverging part of the rotating blade is triangular, and the side of the triangle that is in contact with the outer media tube is arc-shaped.

2. A mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating base has six rotating blades.

3. A mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor as defined in claim 1, wherein: The sealing device includes a sealing device body, an air inlet, a motor, and a sealing device base; the motor is fixed to the sealing device body by a groove seal; the sealing device base is located at the bottom of the sealing device body and is fixedly connected to the outer medium pipe by threads; the air inlet passes through the sealing device body to the sealing device base and communicates with the inner cavity of the inner medium pipe.

4. A mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor as defined in claim 3, wherein: The sealing device also includes a first gear and a second gear; the second gear is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the first gear meshes with the second gear; the first gear is sleeved on the end of the inner medium tube to drive the inner medium tube to rotate.

5. A mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor as defined in claim 4, wherein: A bearing is also provided between the base of the sealing device and the sealing fixing device; the inner ring of the bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the inner medium tube, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the sealing base so that the inner ring of the bearing rotates with the inner medium tube while the sealing base remains stationary; the bottom of the bearing is fixed by a groove structure provided in the sealing fixing device.

6. A mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor as defined in claim 3, wherein: The motor and its wiring are sealed in a sealing device.

7. The mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor of claim 1, wherein: Both the inner and outer medium tubes are quartz tubes; the outer medium tube has a length of 160~240mm, an outer diameter of 8~14mm, and a wall thickness of 0.8~1.6mm; the inner medium tube has a length of 160~240mm, an outer diameter of 4~6mm, and a wall thickness of 0.8~1.6mm.

8. The mechanically assisted catalytic fluidized plasma reactor of claim 1, wherein: The high-voltage electrode is made of stainless steel, copper, or iron, with a spiral diameter of 5-7 mm, a wire diameter of 1-2 mm, a pitch of 2-7 mm, and a length of 60-120 mm. It is 6-14 mm away from the inner wall of the outer dielectric tube. The first and second ground electrodes are both made of copper or stainless steel mesh. The first ground electrode is 60-120 mm long and 8-14 mm in diameter. The second ground electrode is 60-120 mm long and covers the inner wall of the inner dielectric tube, 0-10 mm away from the bottom of the inner dielectric tube.

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