Low-carbon dispatching method, device and electronic equipment for power distribution system

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device and electronic device for low-carbon scheduling of power distribution and utilization systems. It relates to the field of low-carbon scheduling of power distribution and utilization systems. The method includes: obtaining a carbon emission factor curve of a target date, and determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve; determining a first objective function of a target user based on the carbon trading information, and determining the user's low-carbon electricity strategy according to the first objective function; determining all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and determining the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the user's electricity load plan between the user and the power distribution and utilization system from each user's low-carbon electricity strategy; determining the second objective function of the power distribution and utilization system through the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the user's electricity load plan of all users; and determining the scheduling strategy of the power distribution and utilization system according to the second objective function. Through the present application, the problem of high carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution and utilization system in the related technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of low-carbon scheduling of power distribution and utilization systems, and specifically, to a method, device and electronic equipment for low-carbon scheduling of power distribution and utilization systems. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, the construction of new power systems is constantly advancing, the proportion of distributed power sources and new loads in the distribution network is constantly increasing, and electricity consumers are gradually transforming into power producers and consumers that integrate generation, use and storage resources and have independent decision-making capabilities. The distribution network is gradually transforming from a simple power distribution network to a new type of distribution and use system that integrates source, grid, load and storage and interacts, and is flexibly coupled with the superior power grid.

[0003] In the related technologies, for the low-carbon emission reduction schemes of new power systems, on the source side, carbon emissions can be reduced on the power generation side by introducing carbon emission constraints, multi-objective optimization that takes into account economic benefits and carbon emissions, and considering carbon trading markets. However, since the power generation side and the load side belong to different entities, it is impossible to achieve coordinated emission reduction between the source and the load. On the load side, low-carbon operation of the system can be achieved by considering demand response to change user electricity consumption behavior through price or incentive mechanisms, considering the participation of the load side in the carbon market, and low-carbon demand response. However, in the low-carbon emission reduction schemes in the related technologies, users cannot perceive the differences in carbon emissions caused by their own electricity consumption plans, making it difficult for them to actively reduce emissions.

[0004] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed to address the problem of high carbon emissions generated during the operation of power distribution systems in related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a low-carbon scheduling method, device and electronic equipment for a distribution and utilization power system to solve the problem of high carbon emissions generated during the operation of the distribution and utilization power system in related technologies.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a low-carbon scheduling method for a power distribution system is provided. The method comprises: obtaining a carbon emission factor curve for a target date, determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information on the transaction of carbon emission rights between users and the power distribution system in different time periods; determining a first objective function for the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determining a low-carbon electricity strategy for the target user based on the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the low-carbon electricity strategy of the target user on the target user's electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost; determining all users managed by the power distribution system, Determine the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of each user between the user and the power distribution system from the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of each user; determine the second objective function of the power distribution system through the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the scheduling strategy of the power distribution system on the scheduling cost of the power distribution system; determine the scheduling strategy of the power distribution system according to the second objective function, wherein the scheduling strategy includes at least one of the following: the second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system.

[0007] Optionally, determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve includes: extracting all carbon emission factor data from the carbon emission factor curve, clustering all carbon emission factor data according to a preset clustering algorithm to obtain a target number of cluster clusters, wherein each carbon emission factor data represents the carbon emission intensity within a unit time period, and each cluster cluster represents a carbon emission intensity range; obtaining the benchmark cost of trading carbon emission rights, and determining the cost ratio of trading carbon emission rights relative to the benchmark cost under each carbon emission intensity range; calculating the product of the cost ratio and the benchmark cost to obtain the carbon trading cost for each carbon emission intensity range, and combining the carbon trading costs of all carbon emission intensity ranges to obtain carbon trading information.

[0008] Optionally, determining the first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information includes: obtaining the target user's electricity purchasing power and electricity selling power, calculating the difference between the electricity purchasing power and the electricity selling power, and calculating the product of the difference and the carbon emission intensity to obtain the target user's carbon emissions; obtaining the target user's carbon quota, calculating the difference between the carbon quota and the carbon emissions, and calculating the product of the difference and the carbon trading cost to obtain the target user's first carbon trading cost, wherein the carbon quota is the carbon emissions used free of charge by the user; determining the first electricity purchasing price and the first electricity selling price of the power distribution system, and calculating the user's first electricity trading cost based on the first electricity purchasing price, the first electricity selling price, the electricity purchasing power and the electricity selling power; determining the first electricity power after the user adjusts the electricity load plan, determining the second electricity power of the user before adjusting the electricity load plan, and calculating the adjustment cost of the user adjusting the electricity load plan based on the first electricity power and the second electricity power; calculating the sum of the first carbon trading cost, the first electricity trading cost and the adjustment cost to obtain the first objective function.

[0009] Optionally, determining the second objective function of the power distribution system through the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of all users includes: calculating the user's carbon emissions through the first electricity trading volume and electricity load plan of each user, and calculating the sum of the carbon emissions of all users to obtain the total carbon emissions; calculating the second carbon trading cost of the power distribution system through the total carbon emissions, calculating the power trading income of the power distribution system based on the first electricity trading volume of all users, and calculating the carbon trading income of the power distribution system based on the first carbon trading volume of all users; calculating the sum of the second carbon trading cost, the power trading income and the carbon trading income to obtain the second objective function.

[0010] Optionally, calculating the carbon emissions of a user through the first electricity trading volume and electricity load plan of each user includes: determining the user's target electricity purchasing power and target electricity selling power from the first electricity trading volume; determining multiple target time periods according to the electricity load plan, determining the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, and determining the user's sub-electricity purchasing power and sub-electricity selling power in the target time period based on the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, wherein the sum of the sub-electricity purchasing powers under all target time periods is the target electricity purchasing power, and the sum of the sub-electricity selling powers under all target time periods is the target electricity selling power; for each target time period, determining the average carbon emission intensity of the target time period, calculating the difference between the sub-electricity purchasing power and the sub-electricity selling power, calculating the product of the difference and the average carbon emission intensity, and obtaining the sub-carbon emissions of the target time period; calculating the sum of the sub-carbon emissions of all target time periods to obtain the user's carbon emissions.

[0011] Optionally, calculating the second carbon trading cost of the power distribution system through total carbon emissions includes: calculating the sum of the carbon quotas of all users managed by the power distribution system to obtain the total carbon quota; calculating the difference between the total carbon emissions and the total carbon quota, and calculating the product of the difference and the benchmark cost to obtain the second carbon trading cost.

[0012] Optionally, calculating the power trading income of the power distribution system based on the first power trading volume of all users includes: determining the user's power purchasing power and power selling power from each user's first power trading volume, calculating the sum of the power purchasing powers of all users to obtain the total power purchasing power, and calculating the sum of the power selling powers of all users to obtain the total power selling power; determining the second power purchasing price and the second power selling price of the power distribution system, and calculating the second power trading cost of the power distribution system based on the second power purchasing price, the second power selling price, the total power purchasing power and the total power selling power; calculating the sum of the first power trading costs of all users to obtain the third power trading cost of the power distribution system; calculating the sum of the second power trading cost and the third power trading cost to obtain the power trading income of the power distribution system.

[0013] Optionally, calculating the carbon trading income of the power distribution system based on the first carbon trading volume of all users includes: calculating the product of the first carbon trading volume of each user and the carbon trading cost to obtain the sub-carbon trading income of each user; calculating the sum of the sub-carbon trading income of all users to obtain the carbon trading income of the power distribution system.

[0014] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to another aspect of the present application, a low-carbon scheduling device for a power distribution system is provided. The device includes: an acquisition unit, which is used to acquire the carbon emission factor curve of the target date, and determine the carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information of carbon emission rights traded between users and the power distribution system in different time periods; a first determination unit, which is used to determine the first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determine the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the impact of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the target user's electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost; a second determination unit, which is used to determine all the management of the power distribution system. A user determines the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of the user between the user and the distribution and use system from the low-carbon electricity use strategy of each user; a third determination unit is used to determine the second objective function of the distribution and use system through the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the distribution and use system on the dispatching cost of the distribution and use system; a fourth determination unit is used to determine the dispatching strategy of the distribution and use system according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second electricity trading volume between the distribution and use system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the distribution and use system and the carbon trading system.

[0015] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the low-carbon scheduling method for distribution and utilization power systems described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Through this application, the following steps are adopted: obtaining a carbon emission factor curve for a target date, determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information on the transaction of carbon emission rights between users and the power distribution and utilization system in different time periods; determining a first objective function for the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determining a low-carbon electricity strategy for the target user based on the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the low-carbon electricity strategy of the target user on the electricity transaction cost, carbon emission rights transaction cost and load transfer cost of the target user; determining all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and determining the low-carbon electricity strategy of each user from the perspective of the low-carbon electricity strategy of each user. The first power transaction volume, the first carbon transaction volume and the power load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution system are determined; the second objective function of the power distribution system is determined by the first power transaction volume, the first carbon transaction volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system; the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system is determined according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second power transaction volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon transaction volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system, which solves the problem of high carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system in the related technology. Carbon trading information is determined by the carbon emission factor curve, the first objective function is determined by the carbon trading information, and a low-carbon power consumption strategy with the lowest power transaction cost is selected for the target user by the first objective function, thereby determining the second objective function according to the low-carbon power consumption strategy of each user, and selecting a dispatching strategy with the lowest dispatching cost for the power distribution system by the second objective function, dispatching electricity based on the dispatching strategy, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a low-carbon dispatching method for a power distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a user's photovoltaic output and power load plan provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission factor curve and a carbon trading price curve provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4is a structural schematic diagram of a power distribution system provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a comparison diagram of the net load curve of the power distribution system before and after the low-carbon optimization operation provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of an optional low-carbon dispatching method for a power distribution system provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a low-carbon dispatching device for a power distribution system provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0029] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for display, data for analysis, etc.) involved in this disclosure are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0030] It should be noted that the information collected is information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure and application of relevant data comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant regions, take necessary confidentiality measures, do not violate public order and good customs, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0031] The present invention is described below in conjunction with preferred implementation steps. Figure 1 is a flow chart of a low-carbon dispatching method for a power distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step S101, obtain the carbon emission factor curve of the target date, and determine the carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information of carbon emission rights traded between users and the power distribution system in different time periods.

[0033] Specifically, the power dispatch plan is formulated by obtaining the operating information of the power distribution system. The operating information may include: the photovoltaic power generation power and power load forecast curve of the power distribution system on the target date, the on-grid electricity price of selling photovoltaic power to the distribution network, the time-of-use electricity price for electricity consumption in different time periods and the trading price of carbon emission rights, the carbon emission factor curve of the power distribution system on the target date, etc.

[0034] Among them, the carbon emission factor curve can be calculated based on the dispatching data of the upper power grid and the carbon emission data of non-clean energy power plants. The power distribution system formulates the carbon trading mechanism (i.e. carbon trading information) within the power distribution system based on the carbon emission factor curve. Carbon trading information includes the power trading price and carbon emission rights trading price between the users managed by the power distribution system and the power distribution system. By transmitting the power trading price and carbon emission rights trading price to each user, users are guided to use low-carbon electricity.

[0035] It should be noted that the power distribution and utilization system is mainly composed of distribution network operators and multiple users with production and sales capabilities (that is, they can produce and sell electricity through photovoltaic power generation). The entities involved in low-carbon interaction include distribution networks, carbon trading centers, distribution network operators with power regulation capabilities, and users who install distributed photovoltaics.

[0036] As a bridge between the superior power grid, carbon trading center and users, distribution network operators, on the one hand, formulate carbon trading mechanisms within the distribution and use system based on the carbon emission factor curve published by the power grid, so as to guide users to use electricity during periods of low carbon emission intensity as much as possible, thereby achieving low-carbon utilization of electricity; on the other hand, according to the overall electricity and carbon emission rights trading volume of users, they participate in the electricity and carbon emission rights trading of the power grid and the carbon trading center respectively, so as to meet the electricity and carbon emission rights needs of the distribution and use system.

[0037] Each user in the user group managed by the power distribution system is regarded as an independent decision maker. They can obtain a certain initial free carbon quota, that is, free carbon emissions, in each operating cycle, and adjust their electricity consumption plan according to the carbon trading mechanism within the power distribution system. On the one hand, based on the difference between the actual carbon emissions calculated according to the carbon emission factor curve and the initial free carbon quota, they act as buyers or sellers in the carbon trading within the power distribution system and conduct carbon transactions directly with the distribution network operator; on the other hand, based on the positive or negative net load demand, they directly trade electricity with the distribution network operator.

[0038] Step S102, determining the first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determining the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the impact of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the target user's electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost.

[0039] Specifically, the first objective function can be an optimization decision model for users to formulate low-carbon electricity consumption strategies. The first objective function takes into account the carbon emission reduction potential of distributed sources and loads, as well as the load transfer costs and the benefits of electricity trading and carbon trading between users and the power distribution system. After the power distribution system determines the internal electricity trading price and carbon emission rights trading price based on carbon trading information, each user in the user group will independently consider their own electricity purchase costs, electricity sales revenue, load transfer costs and carbon trading costs, and decide on a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy that can maximize their own interests. Among them, the load transfer cost refers to the cost incurred by users by adjusting the use period of electricity loads.

[0040] Step S103, determining all users managed by the power distribution system, and determining the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution system from the low-carbon power consumption strategy of each user.

[0041] Specifically, the power distribution and utilization system may manage multiple users, and these users may be users with production and sales capabilities. The low-carbon electricity consumption strategy may be the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the user's electricity load plan that enable the user to obtain maximum benefit. In order to help determine the scheduling strategy of the power distribution and utilization system, it is necessary to determine the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the user's electricity load plan of all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system.

[0042] For example, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a user's photovoltaic output and power load plan provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, producer and seller 1 and producer and seller 2 are also users. The photovoltaic curve refers to the period of photovoltaic power generation of the user, that is, the period corresponding to the power sales. The load curve refers to the period of electricity consumption of the user, that is, the period corresponding to the power purchase.

[0043] Step S104, determining the second objective function of the power distribution system through the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system.

[0044] Specifically, the second objective function can be an optimization decision model for determining the dispatching strategy of the power distribution and utilization system. The second objective function takes into account the income from power trading between the distribution network operator and the user and the distribution network, and the income from carbon emission rights trading. The distribution network operator makes decisions on the second carbon trading volume and the second power trading volume with the public power grid based on the overall power trading volume and carbon emission rights trading volume of the user group, taking into account the income from power trading and carbon emission rights trading, so as to maximize the interests of the distribution network operator.

[0045] Step S105, determining a dispatching strategy for the power distribution system according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: a second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and a second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system.

[0046] Specifically, the scheduling strategy may include a second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and a second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system. The second carbon trading volume is calculated based on the total carbon emissions and total carbon quotas of all users, and the second electricity trading volume is calculated based on the total purchased power and total sold power of all users.

[0047] The low-carbon scheduling method for the power distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains the carbon emission factor curve of the target date, determines the carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information of the carbon emission rights traded between the user and the power distribution and utilization system in different time periods; determines the first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determines the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the influence of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost of the target user; determines all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and selects the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of each user from the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of each user. The carbon power strategy determines the first power transaction volume, the first carbon transaction volume and the power load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution system; the second objective function of the power distribution system is determined by the first power transaction volume, the first carbon transaction volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system; the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system is determined according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second power transaction volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon transaction volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system, which solves the problem of high carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system in the related technology. The carbon trading information is determined by the carbon emission factor curve, the first objective function is determined by the carbon trading information, and the low-carbon power strategy with the lowest power transaction cost is selected for the target user through the first objective function, so as to determine the second objective function according to the low-carbon power strategy of each user, and the dispatching strategy with the lowest dispatching cost is selected for the power distribution system through the second objective function, and the power is dispatched based on the dispatching strategy, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system.

[0048] In order to plan a low-carbon electricity dispatching strategy, it is necessary to first determine the carbon trading information. Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching method for the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, determining the carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve includes: extracting all carbon emission factor data from the carbon emission factor curve, clustering all carbon emission factor data according to a preset clustering algorithm, and obtaining a target number of clustering clusters, wherein each carbon emission factor data represents the carbon emission intensity within a unit time period, and each clustering cluster represents a carbon emission intensity range; obtaining the benchmark cost of trading carbon emission rights, and determining the cost ratio of trading carbon emission rights to the benchmark cost under each carbon emission intensity range; calculating the product of the cost ratio and the benchmark cost to obtain the carbon trading cost for each carbon emission intensity range, and combining the carbon trading costs of all carbon emission intensity ranges to obtain carbon trading information.

[0049] Specifically, in order to encourage users to use low-carbon electricity, the power distribution system has formulated different carbon trading costs according to different carbon emission intensities, such as formulating a higher carbon emission rights trading price between users and the power distribution system when the carbon emission intensity is high, and formulating a lower carbon emission rights trading price between users and the power distribution system when the carbon emission intensity is low. The preset clustering algorithm can be the K-medoids clustering algorithm. The carbon trading mechanism between the power distribution system and users includes four elements: carbon price formulation, carbon quota issuance, carbon emission calculation, and carbon emission rights trading.

[0050] Among them, carbon price setting is also the determination of carbon trading information. First, considering the fluctuation characteristics of dynamic carbon emission intensity, according to the carbon emission factor curve, the K-medoids clustering algorithm is used to divide the 24 hours of a day into three periods of low, medium and high carbon emission intensity ranges on the time scale; the K-medoids clustering algorithm is used to cluster n=24 periods into k=3 clusters, each cluster represents a range of carbon emission intensity. The formula of the K-medoids clustering algorithm is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Among them: x is each cluster The samples in , that is, the carbon emission intensity in a unit period; is the cluster center of the cluster; secondly, the benchmark cost of trading carbon emission rights is set , the benchmark cost can be consistent with the average transaction price of the local external carbon trading market; then, the cost ratio of each time period is set so that the carbon trading cost of the corresponding time period within the low emission intensity range is , so that the carbon trading cost in the corresponding period within the emission intensity range is , so that the carbon trading cost in the corresponding period within the high emission intensity range is .

[0053] For example, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission factor curve and a carbon trading price curve provided according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the 0-7h and 23-24h periods are low carbon emission intensity ranges (0.35-0.55) kg / kWh, and the corresponding carbon trading cost is set to 0.075 yuan / kg. The 7-14 and 18-23h periods are medium carbon emission intensity ranges (0.55-0.8) kg / kWh, and the corresponding carbon trading cost is set to 0.2 yuan / kg. The 14-18h period is high carbon emission intensity range (greater than 0.8) kg / kWh, and the corresponding carbon trading cost is set to 0.35 yuan / kg.

[0054] The embodiments of the present application develop a carbon trading mechanism between the power distribution system and users, incorporate user groups into the power distribution system's internal electricity-carbon trading, optimize decisions based on the interests of each entity, implement a low-carbon economic operation plan, and conduct revenue settlement, thereby giving full play to the user group's carbon emission reduction potential, achieving a reduction in the overall carbon emissions of the power distribution system and a win-win situation for all entities, fully mobilizing the user group's enthusiasm for active emission reduction, and effectively increasing the revenue of distribution network operators.

[0055] After determining the carbon trading information, determining a first objective function for selecting a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy according to the carbon trading information. Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling method for the power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present application, determining the first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information includes: obtaining the power purchase and power sales of the target user, calculating the difference between the power purchase and power sales, and calculating the product of the difference and the carbon emission intensity to obtain the carbon emissions of the target user; obtaining the carbon quota of the target user, calculating the difference between the carbon quota and the carbon emissions, and calculating the product of the difference and the carbon trading cost to obtain the first carbon Transaction cost, wherein the carbon quota is the carbon emissions used free of charge by the user; determine the first electricity purchase price and the first electricity selling price of the distribution and use system, and calculate the first electricity transaction cost of the user based on the first electricity purchase price, the first electricity selling price, the electricity purchase power and the electricity selling power; determine the first electricity power after the user adjusts the electricity load plan, determine the second electricity power after the user adjusts the electricity load plan, and calculate the adjustment cost of the user adjusting the electricity load plan based on the first electricity power and the second electricity power; calculate the sum of the first carbon transaction cost, the first electricity transaction cost and the adjustment cost to obtain the first objective function.

[0056] Specifically, relevant departments can issue certain carbon quotas to users free of charge based on their historical carbon emissions over the same period. In order to reduce users' carbon emissions, the power distribution system will reasonably allocate each user's carbon quota to time periods with different carbon emission intensities. The calculation formula for carbon quota allocation is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] in, for The carbon quota allocated to the user within the carbon emission intensity range, in kg / CO2. Includes time periods with three carbon emission intensity ranges: low, medium and high; is the mean carbon emission factor for the period, in kg / kWh; It is the emission control coefficient, which can be determined based on the user’s historical carbon emissions over the same period; is the planned power load (i.e., purchased power) for period t, is the predicted photovoltaic output value (i.e., electricity sales power) during period t, in kW; is the unit time interval, in h; Carbon quotas are issued free of charge by relevant departments to users.

[0059] Users will generate indirect electricity carbon emissions due to purchasing electricity. The calculation formula for the target user’s carbon emissions is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] in: for The carbon emission intensity range corresponds to the actual carbon emissions of the user during the period; is the carbon emission intensity during period t, in kg / kWh; The actual power load (i.e., purchased power) during the t period after the target users implement the low-carbon power strategy. The photovoltaic output (i.e., electricity sales power) during period t after the implementation of the low-carbon electricity strategy for the target users; The carbon emissions of the target users.

[0062] The essence of carbon trading between users and the power distribution system is to conduct emission control assessments on users in different carbon emission intensity periods, and settle accounts based on the corresponding carbon trading costs, so as to achieve the effect of guiding users to use low-carbon electricity. If the carbon emissions of users in a certain carbon emission intensity period exceed the initial carbon quota in that period, they need to purchase carbon emission rights from the power distribution system, otherwise they can sell carbon emission rights to the power distribution system. The calculation formula for the first carbon trading cost of the target user is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] in: for The sub-carbon transaction cost of the target user within the carbon emission intensity range (negative value represents benefit), in RMB; for Carbon trading price during the carbon emission intensity period, in yuan / kg; The first carbon trading cost for the target user.

[0065] The formula of the first objective function is as follows:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] in: is the electricity transaction cost for the target user (negative values ​​represent benefits); The first electricity transaction cost of purchasing and selling electricity from the distribution network operator for the target user, The adjustment costs paid by target users due to load transfer; is the first electricity purchase price set by the distribution network operator for the user during period t, is the first electricity selling price set by the distribution network operator to the user during period t, in yuan / (kWh); is the power purchase power of the target user in period t, is the electricity sales power of the target user in period t; unit cost factor adjusted for shifted loads; is the first power consumption of the load that can be transferred during period t; is the second power consumption of the transferable load during period t.

[0070] It should be noted that the first objective function must also meet the following constraints:

[0071] 1) The internal power balance constraints of the prosumer are as follows:

[0072]

[0073] in: is the power consumption of the non-transferable load during period t;

[0074] 2) The transferable load constraints are as follows:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] in: , are the lower and upper limits of the transferable load respectively;

[0078] 3) The constraints on electricity purchase and sale are as follows:

[0079]

[0080] in: , The maximum power of electricity purchased and sold by users from distribution network operators respectively; , They are the state variables for purchasing electricity and selling electricity, and the value range of the state variable is 0-1.

[0081] The low-carbon economic operation method of the power distribution system proposed in the embodiment of the present application incorporates massive decentralized users into carbon emission management and trading, which helps to motivate various entities in the power distribution system to coordinate carbon reduction and release the carbon emission reduction potential of the user group; the user's low-carbon electricity consumption strategy is determined through the first objective function, thereby ensuring that each user optimizes the load management based on its own actual interests and response willingness, and can reduce carbon emissions while ensuring its own interests.

[0082] After determining the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, the second objective function is determined by the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the user's electricity load plan in the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy. Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling method for the distribution and use system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second objective function of the distribution and use system is determined by the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the user's electricity load plan of all users, including: calculating the user's carbon emissions by the first electricity trading volume and the electricity load plan of each user, and calculating the sum of the carbon emissions of all users to obtain the total carbon emissions; calculating the second carbon trading cost of the distribution and use system by the total carbon emissions, calculating the electricity trading income of the distribution and use system based on the first electricity trading volume of all users, and calculating the carbon trading income of the distribution and use system based on the first carbon trading volume of all users; calculating the sum of the second carbon trading cost, the electricity trading income and the carbon trading income to obtain the second objective function.

[0083] Specifically, the carbon emission quota owned by the power distribution system The total carbon quota of the power distribution system is calculated as the sum of the carbon quotas of its users:

[0084]

[0085] in: is the carbon quota owned by the i-th user; N is the total number of users under the power distribution system; the total carbon emissions of the power distribution system The total carbon emissions are the sum of the daily carbon emissions of its subordinate users. The calculation formula for total carbon emissions is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] in: is the carbon emission of the i-th user; the second carbon transaction cost of the power distribution system The following formula can be used for calculation:

[0088]

[0089] The formula of the second objective function is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] in: is the total revenue of the distribution network operator, which is also the dispatching cost of the distribution and consumption system; The electricity trading income for the power distribution system, is the first carbon trading cost of the ith user, and the last term in formula (15) is the carbon trading income.

[0092] It should be noted that the second objective function needs to satisfy the following constraints:

[0093] 4) The power balance constraints of the power distribution system are as follows:

[0094]

[0095] 5) The constraints for setting internal transaction prices are as follows:

[0096]

[0097] in: , It is the lower and upper limits of carbon trading prices within the power distribution system.

[0098] 6) The constraints on electricity purchase and sale are as follows:

[0099]

[0100] in: , They are the maximum power of electricity purchased and sold by the power distribution system from the power grid; , They are the state variables for purchasing and selling electricity, respectively, and their value range is 0-1.

[0101] The embodiment of the present application determines the dispatching strategy through the second objective function, and dispatches electricity based on the dispatching strategy, which effectively reduces the overall carbon emissions of the system while increasing the benefits of various entities in the power distribution and utilization system, thereby achieving a win-win situation for various entities in the power distribution and utilization system and reducing carbon emissions.

[0102] In order to determine the second objective function, it is necessary to calculate the user's carbon emissions. Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling method for the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, calculating the user's carbon emissions through the first power trading volume and the power load plan of each user includes: determining the user's target power purchase power and target power sales power from the first power trading volume; determining multiple target time periods according to the power load plan, determining the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, and determining the user's sub-power purchase power and sub-power sales power in the target time period based on the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, wherein the sum of the sub-power purchase power under all target time periods is the target power purchase power, and the sum of the sub-power sales power under all target time periods is the target power sales power; for each target time period, determining the average carbon emission intensity of the target time period, calculating the difference between the sub-power purchase power and the sub-power sales power, calculating the product of the difference and the average carbon emission intensity, and obtaining the sub-carbon emissions of the target time period; calculating the sum of the sub-carbon emissions of all target time periods to obtain the user's carbon emissions.

[0103] Specifically, the carbon emissions of the user are calculated by formula (3), and the target period is the period corresponding to each carbon emission intensity range, that is, the period under the low carbon emission intensity range, the period under the medium carbon emission intensity range, and the period under the high carbon emission intensity range. The carbon emissions of the user are obtained by calculating the sum of the sub-carbon emissions of each target period. The embodiment of the present application determines the total carbon emissions of the power distribution system by calculating the carbon emissions of the user.

[0104] In order to determine the second objective function, it is necessary to calculate the second carbon trading cost. Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling method for the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second carbon trading cost of the distribution and utilization system is calculated through the total carbon emissions, including: calculating the sum of the carbon quotas of all users managed by the distribution and utilization system to obtain the total carbon quota; calculating the difference between the total carbon emissions and the total carbon quota, and calculating the product of the difference and the benchmark cost to obtain the second carbon trading cost.

[0105] Specifically, the second carbon trading cost is calculated by formula (14): , the price of carbon emission rights traded between the power distribution system and the distribution network is the benchmark cost. Therefore, the second carbon trading cost is obtained by calculating the product of the difference between the total carbon emissions and the total carbon quota and the benchmark cost. The embodiment of the present application determines the second objective function by calculating the second carbon trading cost, thereby determining the scheduling strategy according to the second objective function, and then scheduling the power trading volume and carbon trading volume of each user based on the scheduling strategy, thereby achieving low-carbon emission reduction.

[0106] In order to determine the second objective function, it is necessary to calculate the power trading revenue. Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching method for the distribution and use system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the power trading revenue of the distribution and use system is calculated based on the first power trading volume of all users, including: determining the user's power purchase power and power sales power from the first power trading volume of each user, calculating the sum of the power purchase powers of all users to obtain the total power purchase power, and calculating the sum of the power sales powers of all users to obtain the total power sales power; determining the second power purchase price and the second power sales price of the distribution and use system, and calculating the second power trading cost of the distribution and use system based on the second power purchase price, the second power sales price, the total power purchase power and the total power sales power; calculating the sum of the first power trading costs of all users to obtain the third power trading cost of the distribution and use system; calculating the sum of the second power trading cost and the third power trading cost to obtain the power trading revenue of the distribution and use system.

[0107] Specifically, the calculation formula for electricity trading revenue is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Where: The first term in formula (16) is the second power transaction cost obtained by the power distribution system and the power grid, and the second term is the third power transaction cost obtained by the power distribution system and the user group; , are the second electricity purchase price and the second electricity sales price set by the power grid during period t respectively; , The total power purchased and sold by the power distribution and utilization system from the power grid during time period t respectively; is the daily carbon trading cost of the i-th prosumer; , The purchased power and sold power of the i-th user in time period t respectively.

[0110] The embodiment of the present application determines the second objective function by calculating the electricity trading revenue, thereby determining the scheduling strategy according to the second objective function, and then scheduling the electricity trading volume and carbon trading volume of each user based on the scheduling strategy, thereby achieving low-carbon emission reduction.

[0111] In order to determine the second objective function, it is necessary to calculate the carbon trading income. Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling method for the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the carbon trading income of the distribution and utilization system is calculated based on the first carbon trading volume of all users, including: calculating the product of the first carbon trading volume of each user and the carbon trading cost to obtain the sub-carbon trading income of each user; calculating the sum of the sub-carbon trading income of all users to obtain the carbon trading income of the distribution and utilization system.

[0112] Specifically, by calculating the product of each user's first carbon trading volume and the carbon trading cost, the sub-carbon trading income of each user is obtained, that is, the first carbon trading cost of the user calculated by formula (4), and the sum of the sub-carbon trading income of all users is calculated to obtain the carbon trading income of the power distribution system. The embodiment of the present application determines the second objective function by calculating the carbon trading income, and then determines the scheduling strategy according to the second objective function, and then schedules the power trading volume and carbon trading volume of each user based on the scheduling strategy, thereby achieving low-carbon emission reduction.

[0113] According to another embodiment of the present application, a power distribution system is also provided. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power distribution system provided according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the system includes:

[0114] The information acquisition module 401 is used to acquire the operation information of the power distribution system;

[0115] Specifically, the power distribution system loads and uses the information acquisition module 401 to obtain the operation information of the power distribution system: In this embodiment, a power distribution system composed of a distribution network operator and a prosumer cluster is optimized. The prosumer cluster consists of one industrial user (prosumer 1) and one commercial user (prosumer 2). Its power load and photovoltaic power generation power prediction curves are as follows: Figure 2 As shown. The daily electricity consumption of the transferable load owned by each prosumer is 20% of the total electricity consumption, and the initial free carbon quota is set at 95% of its historical carbon emissions in the same period. The transaction carbon price between the distribution network operator and the external carbon trading center is 0.204 yuan / kg, the on-grid electricity price is 0.36 yuan / kWh, and the time-of-use electricity price is calculated according to the local peak and valley time-of-use electricity price in Table 1. Table 1 shows the local peak and valley time-of-use electricity price.

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118] The price transmission module 402 is used to formulate the system's internal carbon trading mechanism and transmit the internal electricity carbon trading price to each producer and seller;

[0119] Specifically, the power distribution system loads and uses the price transmission module 402 to formulate the system's internal carbon trading mechanism and transmit the internal electricity carbon trading price to each producer and seller: In this embodiment, the day-ahead dynamic carbon emission factor published by the power grid and the internal carbon trading price curve formulated by the distribution network operator are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the electricity transaction price within the distribution and utilization system is consistent with the local peak and valley time-of-use electricity price.

[0120] Optimization decision module 403, used to set optimization decision targets for each producer and distributor and distribution network operator in the low-carbon interaction process;

[0121] Specifically, the power distribution system loads and uses the optimization decision module 403 to set the optimization decision goals of each producer and distributor and distribution network operator in the low-carbon interaction process: In this embodiment, the parameters that each producer and distributor and distribution network operator need to consider when making decisions are shown in Table 2. Table 2 is the power distribution system parameters.

[0122] Table 2

[0123]

[0124] The strategy output module 404 is used to calculate the power load of each producer and consumer and the electricity-carbon trading volume of each entity in the power distribution system, output the low-carbon economic operation strategy and distribute it to each entity;

[0125] Specifically, the power distribution system loads and uses the strategy output module 404 to calculate the power load of each producer and consumer and the electricity-carbon trading volume of each entity in the power distribution system, outputs the low-carbon economic operation strategy and distributes it to each entity: In this embodiment, the optimization period is 24 hours, and the unit time interval is 1 hour. The CPLEX solver in MATLAB (Matrix Laboratory, mainly used to process matrix operations and linear algebra) can be used for solution.

[0126] The scheme execution module 405 is used to execute the low-carbon economic operation scheme of the power distribution and utilization system, and present the operation status of the power distribution and utilization system after the scheme is executed in a visual manner;

[0127] Specifically, the power distribution system loads and uses the scheme execution module 405 to execute the low-carbon economic operation scheme of the power distribution system, and presents the operation status of the power distribution system after the scheme is executed in a visual manner: after the low-carbon economic operation scheme is executed, a comparison diagram of the net load curve of the power distribution system before and after the low-carbon economic operation can be obtained. Figure 5 is a comparison diagram of the net load curve of the power distribution system before and after the low-carbon optimization operation provided by the embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 5 It can be clearly seen from the figure that after the implementation of the low-carbon economic operation plan, the net load fluctuation of the system is more moderate, and the impact on the safe and stable operation of the power grid is smaller.

[0128] The revenue settlement module 406 is used to settle the total revenue obtained by each producer and seller and distribution network operator after participating in the low-carbon interaction.

[0129] Specifically, the power distribution system loads and uses the revenue settlement module 406 to settle the total revenue obtained by each producer and seller after participating in the low-carbon interaction of the distribution network operator: Table 3 shows the results of the daily operating benefits of each entity in the power distribution system under two different operating schemes.

[0130] Table 3

[0131]

[0132] It can be seen from Table 3 that by dispatching electricity through the power distribution system, the total cost and carbon emissions of each producer and seller have decreased, the income of the distribution network operator has increased, and the total carbon emissions of the power distribution system have decreased by 2.35%. This shows that the low-carbon economic operation method of the intelligent power distribution system with multi-subject participation provided by the present invention is an effective economic carbon reduction means, which can guarantee the interests of all parties and has practical promotion value.

[0133] It should be pointed out that the power distribution system selected in this embodiment only considers two different types of prosumers and one distribution network operator, and the time scale for the operation benefit analysis is only 24 hours. The number of prosumers in the actual power distribution system is far more than two. If the economic and environmental benefits of a power distribution system in one year are estimated based on the number of 10 prosumers, then the low-carbon economic operation method of the intelligent power distribution system with multi-subject participation provided in the embodiment of this application can bring about 11,600 yuan of additional income to the distribution network operator in one year, reduce the cost of the prosumer cluster by about 142,000 yuan, and reduce about 151 tons of CO2 for the entire system, which has considerable economic and environmental benefits.

[0134] According to another embodiment of the present application, an optional low-carbon dispatching method for the power distribution system applied to the above-mentioned power distribution system is also provided. Figure 6 is a flow chart of an optional low-carbon dispatching method for a power distribution system provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the method includes:

[0135] S601, obtaining operation information of the power distribution system;

[0136] S602: The distribution network operator formulates a carbon trading mechanism within the system based on the day-ahead dynamic carbon emission factor, and transmits the internal electricity trading price and carbon emission rights trading price to each producer and seller to guide the producer and seller cluster to use low-carbon electricity;

[0137] S603, considering the carbon emission reduction potential of distributed sources and loads, taking into account the load transfer costs and internal transaction benefits, and establishing an optimization decision-making model for each producer and seller;

[0138] S604, calculate the electricity load, internal electricity and carbon emission rights trading volume of each producer and consumer, and output the total revenue and carbon emissions of the producer and marketer cluster;

[0139] S605, considering the benefits of distribution network operators participating in internal and external electricity and carbon emission rights trading, establish their optimization decision model;

[0140] S606, calculate the electricity trading volume between the distribution network operator and the public grid, the carbon emission rights trading volume with the external carbon trading center and their total revenue, output the low-carbon economic operation plan of the entire distribution and utilization system and distribute it to each entity;

[0141] S607, each producer and seller implements the low-carbon economic operation plan and reports the responsive electricity load to the distribution network operator for revenue settlement.

[0142] The embodiments of the present application incorporate a large number of dispersed producers and consumers into carbon emission management and trading through an optional low-carbon scheduling method for the power distribution system, which helps to incentivize various entities in the power distribution system to coordinate carbon reduction and release the carbon emission reduction potential of the producer and seller cluster. The internal carbon trading mechanism of the power distribution system can not only fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the producer and seller cluster to actively reduce emissions, but also effectively increase the revenue of the distribution network operator. Each producer and consumer optimizes the load management based on its own actual interests and response willingness, and can reduce the system's carbon emissions while ensuring its own interests.

[0143] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0144] The embodiment of the present application also provides a low-carbon dispatching device for a power distribution system. It should be noted that the low-carbon dispatching device for a power distribution system in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the low-carbon dispatching method for a power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present application. The low-carbon dispatching device for a power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.

[0145] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a low-carbon dispatching device for a power distribution system provided according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the device comprises:

[0146] An acquisition unit 701 is used to acquire a carbon emission factor curve of a target date, and determine carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes information on carbon emission rights traded between users and the power distribution and utilization system in different periods;

[0147] A first determination unit 702 is used to determine a first objective function of a target user based on the carbon trading information, and determine a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost of the target user;

[0148] The second determining unit 703 is used to determine all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and determine the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution and utilization system from the low-carbon power consumption strategy of each user;

[0149] The third determining unit 704 is used to determine the second objective function of the power distribution system through the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system;

[0150] The fourth determination unit 705 is used to determine the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system.

[0151] The low-carbon dispatching device for the power distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains the carbon emission factor curve of the target date through the acquisition unit 701, and determines the carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information of the carbon emission rights traded between the user and the power distribution and utilization system in different time periods; the first determination unit 702 determines the first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determines the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the influence of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost of the target user; the second determination unit 703 determines all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and determines the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution and utilization system from the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of each user; the third determination unit 704 determines the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the electricity load plan of the user through the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the first carbon trading volume of all users The second objective function of the power distribution system is determined based on the transaction volume and the user's power load plan, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system; the fourth determination unit 705 determines the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second power trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system, which solves the problem of high carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system in the related technology, determines the carbon trading information through the carbon emission factor curve, determines the first objective function based on the carbon trading information, selects a low-carbon power consumption strategy with the lowest power trading cost for the target user through the first objective function, thereby determining the second objective function according to the low-carbon power consumption strategy of each user, selects a dispatching strategy with the lowest dispatching cost for the power distribution system through the second objective function, dispatches power based on the dispatching strategy, and thus achieves the effect of reducing the carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system.

[0152] Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching device of the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition unit 701 includes: an extraction module, which is used to extract all carbon emission factor data from the carbon emission factor curve, and cluster all carbon emission factor data according to a preset clustering algorithm to obtain a target number of cluster clusters, wherein each carbon emission factor data represents the carbon emission intensity within a unit time period, and each cluster cluster represents a carbon emission intensity range; a first acquisition module, which is used to obtain the benchmark cost of trading carbon emission rights, and determine the cost ratio of trading carbon emission rights to the benchmark cost under each carbon emission intensity range; a first calculation module, which is used to calculate the product of the cost ratio and the benchmark cost, and obtain the carbon trading cost of each carbon emission intensity range, and obtain the carbon trading information by combining the carbon trading costs of all carbon emission intensity ranges.

[0153] Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching device of the power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first determination unit 702 includes: a second acquisition module, which is used to obtain the power purchase and power sales of the target user, calculate the difference between the power purchase and power sales, and calculate the product of the difference and the carbon emission intensity to obtain the carbon emissions of the target user; a third acquisition module, which is used to obtain the carbon quota of the target user, calculate the difference between the carbon quota and the carbon emissions, and calculate the product of the difference and the carbon trading cost to obtain the first carbon trading cost of the target user, wherein the carbon quota is the carbon emissions used by the user for free; the first determination module A module is used to determine a first electricity purchase price and a first electricity selling price of the distribution and utilization system, and calculate the first electricity transaction cost of the user based on the first electricity purchase price, the first electricity selling price, the electricity purchase power and the electricity selling power; a second determination module is used to determine the first electricity power after the user adjusts the electricity load plan, determine the second electricity power of the user before adjusting the electricity load plan, and calculate the adjustment cost of the user adjusting the electricity load plan based on the first electricity power and the second electricity power; a second calculation module is used to calculate the sum of the first carbon trading cost, the first electricity trading cost and the adjustment cost to obtain the first objective function.

[0154] Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling device for the distribution and use of power systems provided in the embodiments of the present application, the third determination unit 704 includes: a third calculation module, used to calculate the carbon emissions of the user through the first electricity trading volume and electricity load plan of each user, and calculate the sum of the carbon emissions of all users to obtain the total carbon emissions; a fourth calculation module, used to calculate the second carbon trading cost of the distribution and use system through the total carbon emissions, calculate the electricity trading income of the distribution and use system based on the first electricity trading volume of all users, and calculate the carbon trading income of the distribution and use system based on the first carbon trading volume of all users; a fifth calculation module, used to calculate the sum of the second carbon trading cost, the electricity trading income and the carbon trading income to obtain the second objective function.

[0155] Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching device of the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the third calculation module includes: a first determination submodule, used to determine the user's target electricity purchasing power and target electricity selling power from the first electricity trading volume; a second determination submodule, used to determine multiple target time periods according to the electricity load plan, determine the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, and determine the user's sub-electricity purchasing power and sub-electricity selling power in the target time period based on the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, wherein the sum of the sub-electricity purchasing power under all target time periods is the target electricity purchasing power, and the sum of the sub-electricity selling power under all target time periods is the target electricity selling power; the third determination submodule, used to determine the average carbon emission intensity of the target time period for each target time period, calculate the difference between the sub-electricity purchasing power and the sub-electricity selling power, calculate the product of the difference and the average carbon emission intensity, and obtain the sub-carbon emissions of the target time period; the first calculation submodule, used to calculate the sum of the sub-carbon emissions of all target time periods to obtain the user's carbon emissions.

[0156] Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching device of the power distribution system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the fourth calculation module includes: a second calculation sub-module, used to calculate the sum of the carbon quotas of all users managed by the power distribution system to obtain the total carbon quota; a third calculation sub-module, used to calculate the difference between the total carbon emissions and the total carbon quota, and calculate the product of the difference and the benchmark cost to obtain the second carbon trading cost.

[0157] Optionally, in the low-carbon dispatching device of the distribution and utilization system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the fourth calculation module includes: a fourth determination submodule, used to determine the user's power purchase power and power sales power from the first power trading volume of each user, calculate the sum of the power purchase powers of all users to obtain the total power purchase power, and calculate the sum of the power sales powers of all users to obtain the total power sales power; a fifth determination submodule, used to determine the second power purchase price and the second power sales price of the distribution and utilization system, and calculate the second power trading cost of the distribution and utilization system based on the second power purchase price, the second power sales price, the total power purchase power and the total power sales power; the fourth calculation submodule, used to calculate the sum of the first power trading costs of all users to obtain the third power trading cost of the distribution and utilization system; the fifth calculation submodule, used to calculate the sum of the second power trading cost and the third power trading cost to obtain the power trading income of the distribution and utilization system.

[0158] Optionally, in the low-carbon scheduling device for the distribution and utilization power system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the fourth calculation module includes: a sixth calculation sub-module, used to calculate the product of the first carbon trading volume of each user and the carbon trading cost, and obtain the sub-carbon trading income of each user; a seventh calculation sub-module, used to calculate the sum of the sub-carbon trading income of all users, and obtain the carbon trading income of the distribution and utilization power system.

[0159] The low-carbon dispatching device of the power distribution system includes a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned acquisition unit 701, the first determination unit 702, the second determination unit 703, the third determination unit 704 and the fourth determination unit 705 are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.

[0160] The processor includes a kernel, which calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and the carbon emissions generated during the operation of the power distribution system can be reduced by adjusting the kernel parameters.

[0161] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0162] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which implements a low-carbon scheduling method for a power distribution system when the program is executed by a processor.

[0163] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, which is used to run a program, wherein the program executes a low-carbon scheduling method for a power distribution system when running.

[0164] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device 801 includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the following steps are implemented: obtaining a carbon emission factor curve of a target date, determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity of different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information of carbon emission rights traded between users and the power distribution system in different time periods; determining a first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determining a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the effect of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the target user's electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost, and load conversion cost. The second objective function of the power distribution system is determined by the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of each user through the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system; the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system is determined according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second power trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system. The device in this article can be a server, PC, PAD, mobile phone, etc.

[0165] The present application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing a program that initializes the following method steps: obtaining a carbon emission factor curve for a target date, determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes the information on the transaction of carbon emission rights between users and the power distribution system in different time periods; determining a first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determining a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy for the target user based on the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the effect of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the target user's electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost determining all users managed by the power distribution system, and determining the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of each user between the user and the power distribution system from the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of each user; determining the second objective function of the power distribution system through the first electricity trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system; determining the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system.

[0166] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0167] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0168] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0169] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0170] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0171] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0172] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0173] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0175] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-carbon dispatching method for a power distribution system, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a carbon emission factor curve for a target date, and determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity at different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes information on the trading of carbon emission rights between users and the power distribution and utilization system at different time periods; Determine a first objective function of the target user based on the carbon trading information, and determine a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost of the target user, wherein the load transfer cost is the cost incurred by the user by adjusting the use period of the electricity load; Determine all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and determine a first power trading volume, a first carbon trading volume, and a power load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution and utilization system from the low-carbon power consumption strategy of each user, wherein the power distribution and utilization system is composed of a distribution network operator and a plurality of users with production and consumption capabilities; The second objective function of the power distribution system is determined by the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system on the dispatching cost of the power distribution system, wherein the target time period of power consumption of each user is determined by the power load plan of each user, the target power purchase power and the target power sale power of the user are determined by the first power trading volume of the user, the carbon emissions of the user are obtained by calculating the product of the difference between the target power purchase power and the target power sale power and the average carbon emission intensity of the target time period, the total carbon emissions are calculated by the carbon emissions of all users, the second carbon trading cost of the power distribution system is calculated by the total carbon emissions, the power trading income of the power distribution system is calculated based on the first power trading volume of all users, and the carbon trading income of the power distribution system is calculated based on the first carbon trading volume of all users; the sum of the second carbon trading cost, the power trading income and the carbon trading income is calculated to obtain the second objective function; The dispatching strategy of the power distribution system is determined according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: a second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and a second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve includes: Extracting all carbon emission factor data from the carbon emission factor curve, clustering all the carbon emission factor data according to a preset clustering algorithm to obtain a target number of clusters, wherein each carbon emission factor data represents the carbon emission intensity within a unit time period, and each cluster represents a carbon emission intensity range; Obtain the benchmark cost of trading carbon emission rights and determine the cost ratio of trading carbon emission rights relative to the benchmark cost for each carbon emission intensity range; The product of the cost ratio and the benchmark cost is calculated to obtain the carbon trading cost of each carbon emission intensity range, and the carbon trading information is obtained by combining the carbon trading costs of all carbon emission intensity ranges.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first objective function for determining the target user based on the carbon trading information includes: Obtaining the target user's electricity purchase power and electricity sales power, calculating the difference between the electricity purchase power and the electricity sales power, and calculating the product of the difference and the carbon emission intensity to obtain the carbon emissions of the target user; Acquire the carbon quota of the target user, calculate the difference between the carbon quota and the carbon emissions, and calculate the product of the difference and the carbon trading cost to obtain a first carbon trading cost of the target user, wherein the carbon quota is the carbon emissions used by the user for free; Determine a first electricity purchase price and a first electricity selling price of the power distribution system, and calculate a first electricity transaction cost of the user based on the first electricity purchase price, the first electricity selling price, the electricity purchase power, and the electricity selling power; Determine a first power consumption after the user adjusts the power load plan, determine a second power consumption before the user adjusts the power load plan, and calculate an adjustment cost of the user adjusting the power load plan based on the first power consumption and the second power consumption; The sum of the first carbon trading cost, the first electricity trading cost and the adjustment cost is calculated to obtain the first objective function.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the second objective function of the power distribution system by using the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users includes: The carbon emissions of each user are calculated using the first electricity trading volume and the electricity load plan, and the sum of the carbon emissions of all users is calculated to obtain the total carbon emissions.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Calculating the carbon emissions of each user through the first electricity transaction amount and the electricity load plan of each user comprises: Determining a target power purchase and a target power sale of the user from the first power transaction amount; Determine multiple target time periods according to the electricity load plan, determine the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, and determine the sub-purchase power and sub-sale power of the user in the target time period based on the carbon emission intensity range corresponding to each target time period, wherein the sum of the sub-purchase power under all target time periods is the target purchase power, and the sum of the sub-sale power under all target time periods is the target sale power; For each target period, determine the average carbon emission intensity of the target period, calculate the difference between the sub-purchase power and the sub-sale power, calculate the product of the difference and the average carbon emission intensity, and obtain the sub-carbon emission amount of the target period; The sum of the sub-carbon emissions of all target time periods is calculated to obtain the carbon emissions of the user.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Calculating the second carbon trading cost of the power distribution system by using the total carbon emissions includes: Calculating the sum of carbon quotas of all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system to obtain a total carbon quota; The difference between the total carbon emissions and the total carbon quota is calculated, and the product of the difference and the benchmark cost is calculated to obtain the second carbon trading cost.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Calculating the power trading income of the power distribution and utilization system based on the first power trading volume of all users includes: Determine the power purchase power and power sale power of each user from the first power transaction amount of the user, calculate the sum of the power purchase power of all users to obtain the total power purchase power, and calculate the sum of the power sale power of all users to obtain the total power sale power; Determining a second power purchase price and a second power selling price of the power distribution system, and calculating a second power transaction cost of the power distribution system based on the second power purchase price, the second power selling price, the total power purchase power, and the total power selling power; Calculating the sum of the first power transaction costs of all users to obtain the third power transaction cost of the power distribution system; The sum of the second electricity transaction cost and the third electricity transaction cost is calculated to obtain the electricity transaction income of the power distribution system.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Calculating the carbon trading income of the power distribution system based on the first carbon trading volume of all users includes: Calculate the product of each user's first carbon trading volume and the carbon trading cost to obtain each user's sub-carbon trading income; The sum of the sub-carbon trading income of all users is calculated to obtain the carbon trading income of the power distribution system.

9. A low-carbon dispatching device for a power distribution system, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit, used to acquire a carbon emission factor curve of a target date, and determine carbon trading information based on the carbon emission factor curve, wherein the carbon emission factor curve is used to characterize the carbon emission intensity in different time periods within the target date, and the carbon trading information characterizes information on carbon emission rights traded between users and the power distribution system in different time periods; A first determination unit is used to determine a first objective function of a target user based on the carbon trading information, and determine a low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user according to the first objective function, wherein the first objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the low-carbon electricity consumption strategy of the target user on the electricity trading cost, carbon emission rights trading cost and load transfer cost of the target user, wherein the load transfer cost is the cost generated by the user by adjusting the use period of the electricity load; A second determination unit is used to determine all users managed by the power distribution and utilization system, and determine a first power trading volume, a first carbon trading volume and a power load plan of the user between the user and the power distribution and utilization system from the low-carbon power consumption strategy of each user, wherein the power distribution and utilization system is composed of a distribution network operator and a plurality of users with production and consumption capabilities; A third determination unit is used to determine the second objective function of the power distribution system through the first power trading volume, the first carbon trading volume and the power load plan of all users, wherein the second objective function is used to characterize the degree of influence of the scheduling strategy of the power distribution system on the scheduling cost of the power distribution system, wherein the target time period of power consumption of each user is determined by the power load plan of each user, the target power purchase power and the target power sale power of the user are determined by the first power trading volume of the user, the carbon emissions of the user are obtained by calculating the product of the difference between the target power purchase power and the target power sale power and the average carbon emission intensity of the target time period, the total carbon emissions are calculated from the carbon emissions of all users, the second carbon trading cost of the power distribution system is calculated by the total carbon emissions, the power trading income of the power distribution system is calculated based on the first power trading volume of all users, and the carbon trading income of the power distribution system is calculated based on the first carbon trading volume of all users; the sum of the second carbon trading cost, the power trading income and the carbon trading income is calculated to obtain the second objective function; The fourth determination unit is used to determine the dispatching strategy of the power distribution system according to the second objective function, wherein the dispatching strategy includes at least one of the following: the second electricity trading volume between the power distribution system and the public power grid, and the second carbon trading volume between the power distribution system and the carbon trading system.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the low-carbon dispatching method for the distribution and utilization power system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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