Miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ultra-wideband antennas, and provides a miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna which can be applied to an ultra-wideband (UWB) communication technology. The antenna provided by the invention is an antipodal Vivaldi antenna, a Teflon ZYF300CA-C high-frequency plate is selected, the size of the antenna is 52mm * 44mm * 0.76 mm, the dielectric constant Dk of the substrate is 2.94, and the loss tangent Df of the substrate is 0.0016. The antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the antenna is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, and the antenna has a wide application prospect. The basic structure of the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, two radiation arms, a microstrip line, a grounding plate and two reflectors. A traditional antipodal Vivaldi antenna is improved, the impedance optimization of the antenna at a low-frequency part is realized by using a linear slot line and adding ripples at two sides of a radiation arm, and then the gain of the antenna is improved by adding circular reflector structures at two sides of a Balun. The antenna satisfies the following conditions: S11lt, S11t, S11t, S11t, S11t, S11t, S11t, the absolute bandwidth is 6.35 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 94.1%. And the gain values at the frequency of 4.0 GHz, 6.5 GHz and 8.0 GHz are 6.0 dBi, 7.9 dBi and 9.21 dBi respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ultra-wideband antennas. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication technology is a wireless carrier communication technology with a frequency bandwidth of 500MHz or above. With its rapid development, UWB positioning technology has also emerged. UWB positioning technology is an advanced wireless communication technology based on ultra-wideband communication technology and mainly used for indoor positioning functions. The units in the UWB positioning system exchange information through ultra-wideband antennas, so ultra-wideband antennas are an important part of the UWB positioning system and have become a popular type of antenna research.

[0003] The Vivaldi antenna is a common high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna, which is difficult to miniaturize because it requires a relatively complex feeding structure. The heel-to-heel Vivaldi antenna has a simpler feeding structure and is easy to miniaturize. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to further improve the antenna gain, the present invention designs a miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna that can be used in, but not limited to, UWB positioning systems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiating arm, a microstrip line, a ground plate and a reflector, wherein: There are two radiating arms, namely a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, which are respectively attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate, wherein the first radiating arm is connected to the microstrip line, and the second radiating arm is connected to the ground plate, and the connection between the first radiating arm and the microstrip line and the connection between the second radiating arm and the ground plate is a feeding balun of the antenna, and the left and right sides thereof are elliptical slots; There are two reflectors, namely a first reflector and a second reflector, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate and located in the elliptical slots on the left and right sides of the feeding balun structure.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The present invention improves the traditional butt-to-butt Vivaldi antenna by using straight slot lines and adding corrugations to the radiating arms to optimize the impedance of the antenna in the low-frequency part, and then increases the antenna gain by adding circular reflector structures on both sides of the feeding balun. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 2 Dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 3 1 is the S parameter simulation result of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 4 This is the 3D far-field radiation pattern of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 4.0 GHz.

[0011] Figure 5 This is the 3D far-field radiation pattern of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 6.5 GHz.

[0012] Figure 6 This is the 3D far-field radiation pattern of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 8.0 GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The antenna proposed in the present invention is based on the basic structure of a heel-to-heel Vivaldi antenna, and is structurally optimized on the basis of a traditional Vivaldi antenna structure.

[0014] The technical solution provided by the present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent with the following description.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, a miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna includes a dielectric substrate 3, a radiating arm, a microstrip line 6, a ground plane 8 and a reflector, wherein: There are two radiating arms, namely a first radiating arm 1 and a second radiating arm 2, which are respectively attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate 3, wherein the first radiating arm 1 is connected to the microstrip line 6, and the second radiating arm 2 is connected to the ground plate 8, and the connection between the first radiating arm 1 and the microstrip line 6 and the connection between the second radiating arm 2 and the ground plate 8 are the feeding balun 7 of the antenna, and the left and right sides thereof are elliptical slots; There are two reflectors, namely a first reflector 4 and a second reflector 5, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate 3 and located in the elliptical slots on the left and right sides of the feeding balun 7 structure.

[0016] The two radiating arms have the same structural dimensions. The slots near the center of the two radiating arms are straight slots with an angle of 22°. A plurality of rectangular grooves of equal width are arranged on the outside of the radiating arms to form rectangular corrugations on the outside to optimize the impedance and gain of the antenna.

[0017] The microstrip line has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms and a width of 1.9 mm. One end of the microstrip line is connected to the first radiation arm 1 , and the other end of the microstrip line extends to the edge of the dielectric substrate 3 .

[0018] The two reflectors have the same structure and size, and are circular with a radius of 4.5 mm. The dielectric substrate 3 is made of Teflon ZYF300CA-C high-frequency plate with a size of 52 mm × 44 mm × 0.76 mm, a dielectric constant Dk (Dielectric Constant) of 2.94, and a loss tangent Df (Loss Tangent Dissipation Factor) of 0.0016.

[0019] The specific dimensions of the antenna are shown in the figure below. Figure 2 , Figure 2 (a) is the front view of the antenna, and (b) is the side view of the antenna. Figure 2 The specific values ​​of the corresponding size parameters of the antenna.

[0020] Table 1 in, L0: antenna length; W0: antenna width; h: antenna thickness; W1: width of the first rectangular groove, each radiating arm has 8 rectangular grooves in the embodiment; d: Difference in width between adjacent rectangular grooves; Lg: length of the ground plane in the direction of the antenna length; Ra: radius of the minor axis of the elliptical slot; Rb: radius of the major axis of the elliptical slot; Rc: reflector radius; Yc: distance between the reflector and the central axis of the antenna; Wk: microstrip line width; La: the distance between the metal part of the radiation arm and the edge of the dielectric substrate; L1: length of the first rectangular corrugation; L2: other rectangular corrugation length; L3: Length of all rectangular grooves.

[0021] For the convenience of description, the length direction of the rectangular groove and the rectangular corrugation is consistent with the length direction of the antenna, and the width direction of the rectangular groove and the rectangular corrugation is consistent with the width direction of the antenna.

[0022] refer to Figure 3 , is the return loss simulation S11 of the antenna input port of the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that the antenna has S11<-10dB in the range of 3.57GHz~9.92GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 6.35GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 94.1%.

[0023] refer to Figure 4 , which is a 3D simulation diagram of the far-field radiation of the antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 4.0 GHz. The gain of the antenna at this time is 6.0 dBi.

[0024] refer to Figure 5 , which is a 3D simulation diagram of the far-field radiation of the antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 6.5 GHz. The gain of the antenna at this time is 7.9 dBi.

[0025] refer to Figure 6 , which is a 3D simulation diagram of the far-field radiation of the antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 8.0 GHz. The gain of the antenna at this time is 9.21 dBi.

[0026] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any changes or modifications made by any person skilled in the art based on the above disclosed technical contents shall be deemed as equivalent effective embodiments and shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate (3), a radiation arm, a microstrip line (6), a grounding plate (8) and a reflector, wherein: There are two radiating arms, namely a first radiating arm (1) and a second radiating arm (2), which are respectively attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate (3), wherein the first radiating arm (1) is connected to the microstrip line (6), and the second radiating arm (2) is connected to the ground plate (8), and the connection between the first radiating arm (1) and the microstrip line (6) and the connection between the second radiating arm (2) and the ground plate (8) are the feeding balun (7) of the antenna, and the left and right sides thereof are elliptical slots; There are two reflectors, namely a first reflector (4) and a second reflector (5), which are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate (3) respectively and are located in the elliptical slots on the left and right sides of the feeding balun (7) structure.

2. A miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two radiating arms have the same structural dimensions. The slot lines near the center of the two radiating arms are straight slot lines, and the slot angle is 22°.

3. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rectangular grooves of equal width are arranged on the outer side of the radiation arm, so that a rectangular corrugation is formed on the outer side thereof, which is used to optimize the impedance and gain of the antenna.

4. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the first rectangular groove, W1, is 3.5 mm; The difference d between the widths of adjacent rectangular grooves is 0.3 mm; The distance La between the metal part of the radiation arm and the edge of the dielectric substrate is 0.2 mm; The length of the first rectangular corrugation, L1, is 1 mm; The length of other rectangular corrugations, L2, is 2.1 mm; The length L3 of all rectangular grooves is 1.5 mm.

5. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate (3) is made of Teflon ZYF300CA-C high-frequency plate, with a size of 52 mm×44 mm×0.76 mm, a dielectric constant Dk (Dielectric Constant) of 2.94, and a loss tangent Df (Loss Tangent Dissipation Factor) of 0.0016.

6. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstrip line (6) has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms and a width of 1.9 mm, one end of which is connected to the first radiation arm (1) and the other end of which extends to the edge of the dielectric substrate (3).

7. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two reflectors have the same structural dimensions and are circular in shape with a radius of 4.5 mm. The distance between the reflector and the central axis of the antenna is 10 mm.

8. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length Lg of the ground plate (8) in the length direction of the antenna is 10 mm.

9. The miniaturized high-gain directional ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elliptical slot has a minor axis radius Ra of 5.96 mm and a major axis radius Rb of 20.85 mm.

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