An ocean observation system and its communication device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ocean observation system and its communication device. The device includes: a communication processing unit for outputting a transmission signal or acquiring a received signal; a first amplification unit for amplifying the transmission signal output by the communication processing unit or the received signal output by the first duplexer; the first duplexer for signal isolation between the transmission signal amplified by the first amplification unit and the received signal from the first power divider; the first power divider for separating the transmission signal isolated by the first duplexer into two paths of signals, one path of signal is sent to the second amplification unit, and the other path of signal is sent to the communication processing unit; the second amplification unit for amplifying the transmission signal from the first power divider or the received signal from the antenna unit; the antenna unit for acquiring the received signal sent by the satellite or sending the transmission signal amplified by the second amplification unit to the satellite; the present invention can improve the communication stability and anti-interference performance between the ocean observation device and the satellite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean observation, and particularly to an ocean observation system and its communication device. Background Art

[0002] Although the ocean contains a large amount of resources, the ocean has great unknowns. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct investigations on ocean currents, geology, environment, etc. As a result, a large number of ocean observation devices (such as buoys and submersibles) have been deployed globally for investigation work. However, the communication performance of existing ocean observation devices is poor. Affected by factors such as wind and waves, ships, and organisms, the devices will sway and tilt, resulting in frequent communication interruptions or even failures to establish a normal communication channel with satellites when transmitting data information, thus causing data loss. Moreover, the communication anti-interference ability of ocean observation devices is poor, and they are greatly affected by environmental noise. When transmitting data with satellites, problems such as packet loss, data disorder, and data corruption are likely to occur, resulting in the inability to transmit data completely and correctly between the devices and satellites. As a result, the progress of ocean exploration work is slow and the efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ocean observation system and its communication device.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is to construct a communication device for an ocean observation system. The communication device includes a communication processing unit, a first amplification unit, a first duplexer, a first power divider, a first feeder, a second amplification unit, a second feeder, and an antenna unit;

[0005] The communication processing unit is used to output a transmission signal or obtain a reception signal;

[0006] The first amplification unit is electrically connected between the communication processing unit and the first duplexer to amplify the transmission signal output by the communication processing unit or the reception signal output by the first duplexer;

[0007] The first duplexer is electrically connected to the first power divider to isolate the transmission signal amplified by the first amplification unit from the reception signal from the first power divider;

[0008] The first power divider is electrically connected to the second amplification unit through the first feeder and is connected to the communication processing unit to separate the transmission signal isolated by the first duplexer into two signals, one of which is sent to the second amplification unit and the other is sent to the communication processing unit;

[0009] The second amplification unit is electrically connected to the antenna unit via the second feeder to amplify the transmission signal from the first power divider or the reception signal from the antenna unit;

[0010] The antenna unit is used to acquire the reception signal sent by the satellite or send the transmission signal amplified by the second amplification unit to the satellite;

[0011] Wherein, the antenna unit is configured to: configure the antenna emission angle parameter and the antenna structure type of the antenna unit according to the type of satellite to communicate;

[0012] The second amplification unit is configured to: determine the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit according to the gain coefficients and noise coefficients of the first duplexer, the first power divider, the first feeder and the second feeder, the noise coefficient of the second amplification unit, and the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system;

[0013] The expression of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system is:

[0014] ;

[0015] Wherein, represents the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system; , , , and represent the noise coefficients of the second feeder, the second amplification unit, the first feeder, the first power divider and the first duplexer in sequence; , , and represent the gain coefficients of the second feeder, the first feeder, the first power divider and the first duplexer in sequence, represents the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit.

[0016] Preferably, the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system is determined according to a predetermined design list and the gain coefficient of the antenna unit, and the predetermined design list includes the ambient temperature, the feeder loss, the noise temperature of the antenna unit, and the designed values of the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna unit;

[0017] The expression of the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system is:

[0018] ;

[0019] Wherein, represents the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system, represents the equivalent noise temperature of the satellite receiving system; represents the ambient temperature; represents the feeder loss; represents the noise temperature of the antenna element; represents the gain coefficient of the antenna element, and G / T represents the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna element;

[0020] The antenna element is further configured to: determine its gain coefficient according to the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system and the predetermined design list.

[0021] Preferably, the designed value of the ambient temperature is 290K;

[0022] The designed value of the feeder loss is 0.2dB;

[0023] The designed value of the noise temperature of the antenna element is 190K;

[0024] The designed value of the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna element is -15.5dB / K;

[0025] The designed value range of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is not greater than 1.8dBi.

[0026] Preferably, the second amplification unit includes a second duplexer, a power amplifier, a first low-noise amplifier, a second power splitter, a detection unit, and a multiplexer;

[0027] The second duplexer is electrically connected to the antenna element via the second feeder and is connected to the power amplifier to isolate the received signal from the antenna element and the transmitted signal from the power amplifier (62);

[0028] The power amplifier is electrically connected between the second duplexer and the multiplexer to amplify the transmitted signal from the multiplexer and determine the gain coefficient of the power amplifier according to the gain coefficients and noise figures of the first duplexer, the first power splitter, the first feeder, and the second feeder, the noise figure of the second amplification unit, and the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system;

[0029] The first low-noise amplifier is electrically connected between the second duplexer and the second power splitter to amplify the received signal from the second duplexer;

[0030] The second power splitter is electrically connected to the detection unit and the multiplexer to separate the received signal from the first low-noise amplifier into two paths of signals, one path of signal is sent to the detection unit, and the other path of signal is sent to the multiplexer;

[0031] The detection unit is electrically connected to the communication processing unit to process the received signal from the second power divider and send the processed signal to the communication processing unit;

[0032] The multiplexer is electrically connected to the first feeder to isolate the received signal from the second power divider and the transmitted signal from the first feeder.

[0033] Preferably, the first amplification unit is configured as an amplification unit that determines its input gain range according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit, the gain coefficient of the antenna unit, and the received power density range.

[0034] Preferably, the step of determining the input gain range of the first amplification unit according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit, the gain coefficient of the antenna unit, and the received power density range includes:

[0035] Calculating the effective receiving area of the antenna unit according to the gain coefficient of the antenna unit and the frequency of the received signal;

[0036] Calculating the actual level range of the received signal according to the effective receiving area of the antenna unit and the received power density range;

[0037] Determining the input gain range of the first amplification unit according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit and the actual level range.

[0038] Preferably, the first amplification unit includes a first band-pass filter, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a second band-pass filter;

[0039] The first band-pass filter is electrically connected to the communication processing unit to perform frequency selection and filtering on the transmitted signal from the communication processing unit;

[0040] The first amplifier is electrically connected between the first band-pass filter and the first duplexer to amplify the transmitted signal after frequency selection and filtering;

[0041] The second amplifier is electrically connected between the first duplexer and the second band-pass filter to amplify the received signal output by the first duplexer and determine the gain range of the second amplifier according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit, the gain coefficient of the antenna unit, and the received power density range;

[0042] The second band-pass filter is electrically connected to the second amplifier to perform frequency selection and filtering on the received signal from the second amplifier and send the received signal after frequency selection and filtering to the communication processing unit.

[0043] Preferably, the antenna emission angle parameters of the antenna unit include a beam width range and an elevation angle range;

[0044] When the type of satellite that the antenna unit needs to communicate with is a maritime broadband satellite, the beam width range of the antenna unit is configured to be not less than 160°;

[0045] When the type of satellite that the antenna unit needs to communicate with is a Tian Tong satellite or an Iridium satellite, the beam width range of the antenna unit is configured to be not less than 120°;

[0046] When the type of satellite that the antenna unit needs to communicate with is a Beidou satellite, the elevation angle range of the antenna unit is configured to be 20° to 70°;

[0047] When the type of satellite that the antenna unit needs to communicate with is a DCS satellite, the antenna structure type of the antenna unit is a whip antenna;

[0048] When the type of satellite that the antenna unit needs to communicate with is the Beidou satellite, the maritime broadband satellite, the Tian Tong satellite or the Iridium satellite, the antenna structure type of the antenna unit is a quadrifilar helix antenna.

[0049] Preferably, the first feeder and the second feeder respectively include N resistors and M capacitors, where N and M are natural numbers.

[0050] The present invention also constructs an ocean observation system, including a land observation station, several satellites, and a plurality of ocean observation devices; wherein, the ocean observation device includes the communication device described above, and the ocean observation device establishes a communication channel with the land observation station through the communication device and several satellites, and realizes information interaction through the communication channel.

[0051] It should be noted that the land observation station can be an existing observation station established on land for special research work on the ocean.

[0052] Implementing the present invention has the following beneficial effects: providing a communication device for an ocean observation system, by configuring a second amplification unit with a suitable transmission gain coefficient, and configuring an antenna unit with suitable antenna emission angle parameters and antenna structure type, enabling the ocean observation device to establish a more stable communication channel with the satellite, while also improving the communication anti-interference ability of the ocean observation device, reducing situations such as packet loss, data disorder, and data corruption that occur when the communication device transmits data to and from the satellite, and playing a positive role in improving the efficiency of ocean exploration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] The following will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, in the drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 is a circuit structure block diagram of a communication device in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a circuit structure block diagram of a first amplification unit in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 is a circuit structure block diagram of a second amplification unit in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is a circuit structure block diagram of a detection unit in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a whip antenna in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-arm helical antenna in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a first feeder and a second feeder in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an ocean observation system in some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0062] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the detailed embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] It should be noted that the flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only illustrative and do not necessarily include all the content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily need to be executed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, while some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0064] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0065] The present invention provides a communication device, which is used in a marine observation device of a marine observation system and can significantly improve the communication stability and anti-interference performance between the marine observation device and a satellite. Among them, the marine observation system includes a land observation station, several satellites and a plurality of marine observation devices. The marine observation device is used to collect marine information and send the observed marine information to the land observation station through the satellite for researchers to carry out marine exploration work. In addition, the types of satellites include, but are not limited to, the Beidou Satellite Navigation System (hereinafter referred to as Beidou satellite), the Tiantong-1 Satellite Mobile Communication System (hereinafter referred to as Tiantong satellite), the Iridium system (hereinafter referred to as Iridium satellite), the International Maritime Satellite Organization (hereinafter referred to as Inmarsat satellite), and the Defense Satellite Communication System (hereinafter referred to as DCS satellite).

[0066] Please refer to Figure 1 , the communication device may include a communication processing unit 1, a first amplification unit 2, a first duplexer 3, a first power divider 4, a first feeder 5, a second amplification unit 6, a second feeder 7, and an antenna unit 8.

[0067] The communication processing unit 1 is used to output a transmission signal or obtain a received signal. Specifically, when the marine observation device needs to transmit data (including observation data and device status data, etc.) to the satellite, the communication processing unit 1 can adjust the data to be transmitted into a transmission signal and send it to the first amplification unit 2. When the antenna unit 8 obtains the signal sent by the satellite (i.e., the received signal), after being processed by the second feeder 7, the second amplification unit 6, the first feeder 5, the first power divider 4, the first duplexer 3, and the first amplification unit 2, the received signal will be obtained by the communication processing unit 1, and the communication processing unit 1 will identify and decode the received signal to obtain corresponding control data (including remote control data that can control the operation of the marine observation device, observation task formulation data that can set the observation tasks of the marine observation device, etc.).

[0068] In addition, due to the differences in communication protocols of various types of satellites, in some embodiments, when the communication device needs to communicate with a Tian Tong satellite, the communication processing unit 1 may include a Tian Tong communication module with the model number HTDM1611. When the communication device needs to communicate with a Beidou satellite, the communication processing unit 1 may include a Beidou communication module with the model number EPBD-100A. When the communication device needs to communicate with an Iridium satellite, the communication processing unit 1 may include an Iridium satellite communication module with the model number 9602N. When the communication device needs to communicate with a maritime satellite, the communication processing unit 1 may include a maritime communication module with the model number GSPS-Core-Module-2.0. When the communication device needs to communicate with a DCS satellite, the communication processing unit 1 may include a DCS communication module built by an ARTIC-R2 baseband chip. It can be understood that the communication coverage of each type of satellite is limited, and the activity range of the ocean observation device during its service life is also limited. Therefore, the model of the communication processing unit 1 is selected based on the satellites that can communicate in the deployment area of the ocean observation device.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 1 , the first amplification unit 2 is electrically connected between the communication processing unit 1 and the first duplexer 3 to amplify the transmission signal output by the communication processing unit 1 or the reception signal output by the first duplexer 3.

[0070] Since the reception signal sent by the satellite may be attenuated due to factors such as the environment, noise, and climate during the propagation process, even if it is acquired by the antenna unit 8, it may not be able to be normally read by the communication processing unit 1 due to the too weak signal strength, resulting in the loss of the control data carried by the reception signal. In view of this, in some embodiments, the first amplification unit 2 may be configured as: an amplification unit that determines its input gain coefficient according to the reception signal threshold range of the communication processing unit 1, the gain coefficient of the antenna unit 8, and the reception power density range.

[0071] Specifically, the input gain of the first amplification unit 2 can be determined by performing step S10, step S20, and step S30.

[0072] Step S10 includes: calculating the effective reception area of the antenna unit 8 according to the gain coefficient of the antenna unit 8 and the frequency of the reception signal. In this step, the expression of the effective reception area can be: ; where represents the effective reception area of the antenna unit 8, represents the gain coefficient of the antenna unit 8, and λ represents the wavelength of the reception signal. It can be understood that since the electromagnetic wave signal frequency (i.e., the frequency of the reception signal) for the satellite to communicate with the ocean observation device wirelessly is designed in advance, given the frequency of the reception signal, the wavelength of the reception signal can be calculated based on the speed of light and the frequency of the reception signal.

[0073] Step S20 includes: calculating the actual level range of the received signal according to the effective receiving area and the receiving power density range of the antenna unit 8. In this step, the expression of the actual level range can be: ; where represents the total power, represents the actual level, represents the receiving power density range. The receiving power density range can be provided by the manufacturer of the antenna unit, or obtained by actual measurement of the antenna unit 8 on land through existing methods.

[0074] Step S3 includes: determining the input gain range of the first amplifying unit 2 according to the received signal threshold range and the actual level range of the communication processing unit 1. In this step, subtracting the lower limit value of the actual level range from the lower limit value of the received signal threshold range can obtain the lower limit value of the input gain range of the first amplifying unit 2, and then subtracting the upper limit value of the actual level range from the upper limit value of the received signal threshold range can obtain the upper limit value of the input gain range of the first amplifying unit 2, so as to obtain the input gain range of the first amplifying unit 2. For example, in some embodiments, the received signal threshold range is from -100 to -67.5 dBm, and the actual level range is from -109.2 to -97.2 dBm, then the input gain range of the first amplifying unit 2 is from 9.2 to 27.7 dBm.

[0075] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the first amplifying unit 2 may include a first band-pass filter 21, a first amplifier 22, a second amplifier 23, and a second band-pass filter 24.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 2 , the first band-pass filter 21 is electrically connected to the communication processing unit 1 to perform frequency selection and filtering on the transmitted signal from the communication processing unit 1. The first band-pass filter 21 can be an existing band-pass filter (such as a passive band-pass filter, an active band-pass filter, a narrow-band pass filter, and a digital band-pass filter, etc.), and its function is to suppress signals other than the transmitted signal frequency and allow the transmitted signal to pass through, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted signal. Since different types of satellite communications have different frequencies, and the frequency of the transmitted signal is determined by the satellite to be communicated, the first band-pass filter 21 is preferably a digital band-pass filter to make full use of the advantages of high flexibility and adjustable nature of the digital band-pass filter, so that the first band-pass filter 21 can be applicable to various communication frequency occasions.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 2, the first amplifier 22 is electrically connected between the first band-pass filter 21 and the first duplexer 3 to amplify the selected-frequency and filtered transmission signal. The first amplifier 22 can be an existing amplifier circuit or amplifier module. Since a relatively pure transmission signal has been obtained after being processed by the first band-pass filter 21, amplifying the transmission signal through the first amplifier 22 at this time can ensure that the effective signal can be effectively amplified, reduce the influence of the noise generated when the subsequent circuit works on the transmission signal, and further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission signal.

[0078] The second amplifier 23 is electrically connected between the first duplexer 3 and the second band-pass filter 24 to amplify the received signal output by the first duplexer 3, and determine the gain range of the second amplifier 23 according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit 1 and the gain coefficient and received power density range of the antenna unit 8. The second amplifier 23 can be an existing amplifier circuit or amplifier module, such as an adder, a multiplier, etc., which are not limited here. Since the received signal will attenuate after propagating through the atmosphere, the energy obtained by the antenna unit 8 is small, and the voltage value is generally at the millivolt level, so it is difficult to be directly detected by the communication processing unit 1. The function of the second amplifier 23 is to amplify the voltage amplitude of the received signal about to be input to the communication processing unit 1 to ensure that the received signal can be normally detected by the communication processing unit 1.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 2 , the second band-pass filter 24 is electrically connected to the second amplifier 23 to perform frequency selection and filtering on the received signal from the second amplifier 23, and send the frequency-selected and filtered received signal to the communication processing unit 1. The second band-pass filter 24 can be an existing band-pass filter (such as a passive band-pass filter, an active band-pass filter, a narrow-band pass filter, and a digital band-pass filter, etc.). Its function is to suppress signals other than the received signal frequency, allow the received signal to pass through, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal. The second band-pass filter 24 is preferably a digital band-pass filter.

[0080] Since in some embodiments, the antenna unit 8 is not only used to obtain the received signal, but also used to obtain the GNSS signal for positioning (whose frequency is different from that of the received signal), for this, as Figure 2 shown, the first amplification unit 2 may further include a third power divider 25 and a third band-pass filter 26.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 2, the third power splitter 25 is electrically connected to the second amplifier 23, the second band-pass filter 24, and the third band-pass filter 26 to separate the signal from the second amplifier 23, obtaining a received signal and a GNSS signal. Among them, the received signal is sent to the second band-pass filter 24, and the GNSS signal is sent to the third band-pass filter 26. The third power splitter 25 can be an existing power splitter.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 2 , the third band-pass filter 26 is electrically connected to the communication processing unit 1 to perform frequency selection and filtering on the GNSS signal from the third power splitter 25 and send the GNSS signal to the communication processing unit 1. The third band-pass filter 26 can be an existing band-pass filter (such as a passive band-pass filter, an active band-pass filter, a narrow-band pass filter, and a digital band-pass filter, etc.). Its function is to suppress signals other than the GNSS signal frequency and allow the GNSS signal to pass through, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the GNSS signal. The third band-pass filter 26 is preferably a passive band-pass filter, which has the advantage of low cost.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 1 , the first duplexer 3 is electrically connected to the first power splitter 4 to isolate the transmitted signal amplified by the first amplification unit 2 from the received signal from the first power splitter 4. The first duplexer 3 can be an existing duplexer, and its function is to isolate the received signal and the transmitted signal to avoid mutual interference between the received signal and the transmitted signal.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 1 , the first power splitter 4 is electrically connected to the second amplification unit 6 through the first feeder 5 and is connected to the communication processing unit 1 to separate the transmitted signal isolated by the first duplexer 3 into two signals. One of the signals is sent to the second amplification unit 6, and the other signal is sent to the communication processing unit 1. The first power splitter 4 can be an existing power splitter, and its function is to divide the transmitted signal into two signals according to a certain power ratio. Among them, the signal with a larger power is sent to the second amplification unit 6 as the original signal sent to the satellite; the signal with a smaller power is sent to the communication processing unit 1 for the communication processing unit 1 to perform detection work, so as to ensure that the transmitted signal sent by the communication processing unit 1 is normal.

[0085] To improve the monitoring ability of the communication processing unit 1 for the transmitted signal, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 shown, the communication device may further include a fourth power splitter 9, a power measurement unit 10, and an attenuator 20.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 1, the fourth power splitter 9 is electrically connected to the first power splitter 4, the power measurement unit 10, and the attenuator 20 to separate the transmitted signal with relatively small power from the first power splitter 4 into two signals, one of which is sent to the power measurement unit 10 and the other is sent to the attenuator 20. The fourth power splitter 9 can be an existing power splitter.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 1 , the power measurement unit 10 is electrically connected to the communication processing unit 1. The power measurement unit 10 is used to detect the power of the transmitted signal from the fourth power splitter 9, generate a power detection signal (analog signal or digital signal) according to the power of the transmitted signal, and send the power detection signal to the communication processing unit 1. It can be understood that since the splitting ratio of the fourth power splitter 9 and the first power splitter 4 is designed during the research and development of the communication device, the splitting ratio of the fourth power splitter 9 and the first power splitter 4 can be pre-stored in the communication processing unit 1. The communication processing unit 1 can then calculate the power of the transmitted signal sent to the first feeder 5 according to the splitting ratio of the fourth power splitter 9 and the first power splitter 4 and the power detection signal, so that the communication processing unit 1 can detect whether the power of the transmitted signal is within the set power range. When the power of the transmitted signal is not within the set power range, the communication processing unit 1 can adjust the power of the transmitted signal it sends up or down according to the actual situation, so as to ensure that the power of the transmitted signal remains within the set power range. This can not only avoid the situation that the antenna unit 8 cannot be detected by the satellite due to attenuation after sending out the transmitted signal because the power of the transmitted signal is small, but also avoid the situation that the subsequent circuit is damaged or the signal is distorted due to the amplification behavior of the subsequent circuit caused by the excessive power of the transmitted signal. In addition, the fourth power splitter 9 can be an existing power splitter.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 1 , the attenuator 20 is electrically connected to the communication processing unit 1 to attenuate the transmitted signal from the fourth power splitter 9 and send the attenuated signal to the communication processing unit 1. The attenuator 20 can be an existing signal attenuation circuit or module. Since the transmitted signal has been amplified into a signal with relatively large voltage or current under the action of the first amplification unit 2, even after the signal is separated twice by the first power splitter 4 and the fourth power splitter 9, there is still a risk of damaging the communication processing unit 1 due to excessive current or voltage. The function of the attenuator 20 is to attenuate the transmitted signal fed back to the communication processing unit 1 to protect the communication processing unit 1. The purpose of the communication processing unit 1 to obtain this transmitted signal is to determine the transmission status of the transmitted signal, including determining whether the transmitted signal has been normally transmitted and determining whether the transmitted signal is in the process of being transmitted.

[0089] The second amplification unit 6 is electrically connected to the antenna unit 8 via the second feeder 7 to amplify the transmitted signal from the first power splitter 4 or amplify the received signal from the antenna unit 8.

[0090] After the antenna unit 8 emits a transmission signal, affected by factors such as the environment, noise, and climate, the transmission signal may be attenuated to a level where it cannot be normally read by the satellite. To avoid data loss carried by the transmission signal, in some embodiments, the second amplification unit 6 may be configured as an amplification unit that determines the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit 6 based on the gain coefficients and noise coefficients of the first duplexer 3, the first power divider 4, the first feeder 5, and the second feeder 7, the noise coefficient of the second amplification unit 6, and the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system.

[0091] The expression (1) for the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system is:

[0092] ;

[0093] Wherein, represents the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system; , , , and successively represent the noise coefficients of the second feeder 7, the second amplification unit 6, the first feeder 5, the first power divider 4, and the first duplexer 3; , , and successively represent the gain coefficients of the second feeder 7, the first feeder 5, the first power divider 4, and the first duplexer 3, represents the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit 6.

[0094] Specifically, the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is an important parameter for measuring the sensitivity of the satellite to noise. To ensure that the satellite can normally read the transmitted signal, it is necessary to ensure that the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is within a certain range. The noise figure of the satellite receiving system is related to the noise figures of the second feeder 7, the second amplification unit 6, the first feeder 5, the first power splitter 4, and the first duplexer 3, the gain coefficients of the second feeder 7, the first feeder 5, the first power splitter 4, and the first duplexer 3, and the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit 6. Therefore, if the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is to be maintained within a certain range, the noise figure can be adjusted by selecting at least one of the electronic components in the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5, the second amplification unit 6, the second feeder 7, and the antenna unit 8, or by adjusting the circuit structure of at least one of the electronic components in the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5, the second amplification unit 6, the second feeder 7, and the antenna unit 8. The designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is a certain value preset to avoid the transmitted signal being too sensitive to noise. Therefore, the model or circuit structure used for at least one of the electronic components in the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5, the second amplification unit 6, the second feeder 7, and the antenna unit 8 can be adjusted based on Expression (1) and the designed value of the noise figure. However, since reselecting the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5, the second feeder 7, and the antenna unit 8 one by one requires a large amount of manpower and material resources and is not conducive to cost reduction, and the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5, the second feeder 7, and the antenna unit 8 are usually relatively mature module circuits, and rashly modifying their circuit structures will affect the working stability. Since the second amplification unit 6 can be various types of existing amplifiers, there are many types to choose from and its circuit plasticity is high. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferably to adjust the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit 6 to keep the noise figure of the satellite receiving system within a certain range.

[0095] It should be noted that the actual noise figures and gain coefficients of the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5, the second feeder 7, and the antenna unit 8 can be measured through existing technologies to confirm the actual noise figures and actual gain coefficients of the above-mentioned multiple electronic components. Of course, they can also be obtained from the data manuals provided by the suppliers of the electronic components, or through other channels. There is no limitation here.

[0096] In some embodiments, the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system can be determined according to a predetermined design list and the gain coefficient of the antenna unit 8. Among them, the predetermined design list includes the ambient temperature, the feeder loss, the noise temperature of the antenna unit 8, and the designed values of the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna unit 8.

[0097] Furthermore, the expression (2) of the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system can be: ; wherein, represents the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system, represents the equivalent noise temperature of the satellite receiving system, represents the ambient temperature, represents the feeder loss, represents the noise temperature of the antenna element 8, represents the gain coefficient of the antenna element 8, and G / T represents the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna element 8.

[0098] Correspondingly, the antenna element 8 can be configured as: an antenna that determines the gain coefficient of the antenna element 8 according to the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system and a predetermined design list.

[0099] It can be seen from the expression (2) that in this embodiment, when the equivalent noise temperature, ambient temperature, feeder loss, noise temperature of the antenna element 8, and gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna element 8 of the satellite receiving system are determined, the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system can be kept at the target value by adjusting the gain coefficient of the antenna element 8. Among them, the ways to adjust the gain coefficient of the antenna element 8 include but are not limited to: reselecting the antenna element 8, adjusting the antenna structure of the antenna element 8, adjusting the polarization direction of the antenna element 8, adjusting the manufacturing material of the antenna element 8, and adjusting the circuit structure of the second feeder 7, etc.

[0100] Optionally, the designed value of the ambient temperature is 290K, the designed value of the feeder loss is 0.2dB, the designed value of the noise temperature of the antenna element 8 is 190K, the designed value of the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna element 8 is -15.5dB / K, and the designed value range of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is not greater than 1.8dBi.

[0101] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the second amplification unit 6 may include a second duplexer 61, a power amplifier 62, a first low-noise amplifier 63, a second power splitter 64, a detection unit 65, and a multiplexer 66.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 3 , the second duplexer 61 is electrically connected to the antenna element 8 via the second feeder 7, and the second duplexer 61 is also connected to the power amplifier 62 to isolate the received signal from the antenna element 8 and the transmitted signal from the power amplifier 62. The second duplexer 61 can be an existing duplexer, and its function is to isolate the received signal and the transmitted signal to avoid mutual interference between the received signal and the transmitted signal.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 3, a power amplifier 62 is electrically connected between the second duplexer 61 and the multiplexer 66 to amplify the transmission signal from the multiplexer 66, and determine the gain coefficient of the power amplifier 62 according to the gain coefficients and noise coefficients of the first duplexer 3, the first power splitter 4, the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7, the noise coefficient of the second amplification unit 6, and the designed noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system. The power amplifier 62 can be an existing power amplifier or circuit, such as a traveling wave tube amplifier, a solid-state power amplifier, etc. Its function is to amplify the transmission signal by several times so that the transmission signal will not be undetectable by the satellite due to attenuation after being sent into the atmosphere.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 3 , a first low-noise amplifier 63 is electrically connected between the second duplexer 61 and the second power splitter 64 to amplify the received signal from the second duplexer 61. The first low-noise amplifier 63 can be an existing low-noise amplifier, such as a GaAsFET amplifier. Since the power of the received signal obtained by the antenna unit 8 has usually been attenuated to a relatively low value, if an ordinary amplifier is used for high-magnification amplification, it is easy to amplify the noise introduced by the amplifier itself, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio. The function of the first low-noise amplifier 63 is to amplify the received signal with a relatively low power that has just been obtained by the antenna unit 8 while introducing as little noise as possible, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio as much as possible.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 3 , a second power splitter 64 is electrically connected to the detection unit 65 and the multiplexer 66 to separate the received signal from the first low-noise amplifier 63 into two signals, one signal is sent to the detection unit 65, and the other signal is sent to the multiplexer 66. The second power splitter 64 can be an existing power splitter.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 3 , the detection unit 65 is electrically connected to the communication processing unit 1 to process the received signal from the second power splitter 64 and send the processed signal to the communication processing unit 1.

[0107] Further, as Figure 4 shown, the detection unit 65 can include a second low-noise amplifier 651, a fifth power splitter 652, a phase shifter 653, a mixer 654, a filter 655, a third amplifier 656 and a detector 657.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 4 , the second low-noise amplifier 651 is electrically connected to the second power splitter 64 and the fifth power splitter 652 to amplify the received signal from the second power splitter 64 and send the amplified received signal to the fifth power splitter 652. The second low-noise amplifier 651 can be an existing low-noise amplifier.

[0109] Please refer toFigure 4 The fifth power splitter 652 is electrically connected to the phase shifter 653 and the mixer 654 to separate the received signal from the second low-noise amplifier 651 into two signals, one signal is sent to the phase shifter 653, and the other signal is sent to the mixer 654. The fifth power splitter 652 can be an existing power splitter.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 4 The phase shifter 653 is electrically connected to the mixer 654 to phase-shift the received signal from the fifth power splitter 652 and send the phase-shifted received signal to the mixer 654. The phase shifter 653 can be an existing phase shifter.

[0111] Please refer to Figure 4 The mixer 654 is electrically connected to the filter 655 to mix the phase-shifted received signal from the phase shifter 653 and the (unphase-shifted) received signal from the fifth power splitter 652, generate a mixed signal, and send the mixed signal to the filter 655. The mixer 654 can be an existing mixer.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 4 The filter 655 is electrically connected to the third amplifier 656 to filter the mixed signal from the mixer 654 and send the filtered mixed signal to the third amplifier 656. The filter 655 can be an existing filter or circuit, such as an RC filter circuit, a high-pass filter, etc.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 4 The third amplifier 656 is electrically connected to the detector 657 to amplify the voltage of the mixed signal from the filter 655 and send the amplified mixed signal to the detector 657 to facilitate the detector 657 to perform the detection work for a specific implementation. The third amplifier 656 can be an existing amplifier or circuit, such as a multiplier, etc.

[0114] Please refer to Figure 4 The detector 657 is electrically connected to the communication processing unit 1 to identify a specific characteristic signal (such as a signal with a specific phase, a specific amplitude, or a specific frequency, that is, the received signal) in the mixed signal from the third amplifier 656, generate a detection signal according to the characteristic signal, and send the detection signal to the communication processing unit 1. The detector 657 can be an existing detector.

[0115] It can be understood that due to the harsh marine environment, there are various noises, including biological noise, ship noise, environmental noise, etc. To avoid the adverse effects of noise on the received signal, the received signal is extracted by the detection unit 65, so that the communication processing unit 1 can perform demodulation and other processing on the received signal from the second band-pass filter 24, which plays a positive role in improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 3 , the multiplexer 66 is electrically connected to the first feeder 5 to isolate the received signal from the second power divider 64 and the transmitted signal from the first feeder 5. The multiplexer 66 can be an existing multiplexer.

[0117] The antenna unit 8 is used to acquire the received signal emitted by the satellite or transmit the amplified transmitted signal from the second amplifier unit 6 to the satellite.

[0118] Since the marine observation device is affected by factors such as wind waves, ships, and organisms, it is prone to swaying and tilting. To ensure that the marine observation device can maintain stable communication with different types of satellites even when the tilt angle is relatively large, the antenna unit 8 can be configured to: configure the antenna emission angle parameter and the antenna structure type of the antenna unit 8 according to the type of satellite to be communicated with.

[0119] Since different types of satellites have differences in their positions in space, communication coverage ranges, etc., if the antenna unit 8 is to establish stable communication with different satellites, its antenna emission angle parameter (the antenna emission angle parameter includes the beam width range and the elevation angle range) needs to be configured specifically. Specifically, when the type of satellite that the antenna unit 8 needs to communicate with is a maritime broadband satellite, the beam width range of the antenna unit 8 is configured to be not less than 160°. When the type of satellite that the antenna unit 8 needs to communicate with is a Tian Tong satellite or an Iridium satellite, the beam width range of the antenna unit 8 is configured to be not less than 120°. When the type of satellite that the antenna unit 8 needs to communicate with is a Beidou satellite, the elevation angle range of the antenna unit 8 is configured to be 20° to 70°.

[0120] Since different types of satellites have different communication frequencies (for example, the communication frequency of the Tian Tong satellite is 1980 MHz to 2200 MHz, and the communication frequency of the other satellite is 1606 MHz to 1626 MHz), and different types of antenna structures have different sensitivities to electromagnetic wave signals of different frequencies. If the antenna unit 8 is to establish stable communication with different satellites, its antenna structure type needs to be configured specifically. Specifically, when the type of satellite that the antenna unit 8 needs to communicate with is a DCS satellite, the antenna structure type of the antenna unit 8 is a whip antenna; when the type of satellite that the antenna unit 8 needs to communicate with is a Beidou satellite, a maritime broadband satellite, a Tian Tong satellite, or an Iridium satellite, the antenna structure type of the antenna unit 8 is a four-arm helical antenna. Among them, the structure of the whip antenna can refer to Figure 5 , of course, the whip antenna can also be an existing whip antenna as long as its gain coefficient and communication frequency meet the requirements. In addition, the four-arm helical antenna has the excellent characteristic of transmitting signals at low elevation angles and is suitable for working in the sea surface scenario. The structure of the four-arm helical antenna can refer to Figure 6, of course, the four-arm spiral antenna can also be an existing four-arm spiral antenna, as long as its gain coefficient and communication frequency meet the requirements.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7 may respectively include N resistors and M capacitors, where N and M are natural numbers. Please refer to Figure 7 , the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7 can adopt any one of the feeder structures shown in FIGS. A, B, C, D, E, and F. For the specific connection structure of the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7, please refer to Figure 7 , which will not be elaborated here. Of course, the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7 can also adopt other feeder structures in the prior art, such as an electromagnetic coupling structure. Although the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system can be maintained within the designed value range by adjusting the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplifying unit 6, in some embodiments, although the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system can be maintained within the designed value range by simply adjusting the second amplifying unit 6, the adjustment difficulty is high. As can be seen from expression (1), the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system is also related to the noise coefficients and gain coefficients of the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7. It can be understood that by adjusting the circuit structure, resistance, and capacitance parameters of the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7, the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system can also be adjusted, which helps to reduce the adjustment difficulty of the noise coefficient of the satellite receiving system.

[0122] It can be understood that by configuring the second amplifying unit with an appropriate transmission gain coefficient, and configuring the antenna unit with appropriate antenna emission angle parameters and antenna structure types, the ocean observation device can establish a more stable communication channel with the satellite. At the same time, the communication anti-interference ability of the ocean observation device is improved, and the situations such as packet loss, data disorder, and data corruption that occur when the communication device transmits data to and from the satellite are reduced, which plays a positive role in improving the efficiency of ocean exploration.

[0123] Please refer to Figure 8 , the present invention also provides an ocean observation system, which includes a land observation station, several satellites, and multiple ocean observation devices; wherein, the ocean observation device includes the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The ocean observation device establishes a communication channel with the land observation station through the communication device and several satellites, and realizes information interaction through the communication channel (including receiving the received signal from the land observation station and transmitting the transmitted signal to the land observation station).

[0124] In this specification, the various embodiments are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method part.

[0125] Those skilled in the art may further realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described according to functions in the above description. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0126] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be directly implemented by hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software modules can be placed in a random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well-known in the technical field.

[0127] It can be understood that the above embodiments only represent the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several deformations and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication device for an ocean observation system, characterized in that, The communication device includes a communication processing unit (1), a first amplification unit (2), a first duplexer (3), a first power divider (4), a first feeder (5), a second amplification unit (6), a second feeder (7), and an antenna unit (8); The communication processing unit (1) is configured to output a transmission signal or obtain a reception signal; The first amplification unit (2) is electrically connected between the communication processing unit (1) and the first duplexer (3) to amplify the transmission signal output by the communication processing unit (1) or the reception signal output by the first duplexer (3); The first duplexer (3) is electrically connected to the first power divider (4) to isolate the transmission signal amplified by the first amplification unit (2) from the reception signal from the first power divider (4); The first power divider (4) is electrically connected to the second amplification unit (6) via the first feeder (5) and is connected to the communication processing unit (1) to separate the transmission signal isolated by the first duplexer (3) into two paths of signals, one path of the signal is sent to the second amplification unit (6), and the other path of the signal is sent to the communication processing unit (1); The second amplification unit (6) is electrically connected to the antenna unit (8) via the second feeder (7) to amplify the transmission signal from the first power divider (4) or the reception signal from the antenna unit (8); The antenna unit (8) is configured to obtain the reception signal emitted by the satellite or send the transmission signal amplified by the second amplification unit (6) to the satellite; Wherein, the antenna unit (8) is configured to: configure the antenna emission angle parameter and the antenna structure type of the antenna unit (8) according to the type of satellite to be communicated; The second amplification unit (6) is configured to: determine the transmission gain coefficient of the second amplification unit (6) according to the gain coefficients and noise coefficients of the first duplexer (3), the first power divider (4), the first feeder (5) and the second feeder (7), the noise coefficient of the second amplification unit (6), and the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system; The expression of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system is: ； Among them, represents the noise figure of the satellite receiving system; , , , and respectively represent the noise figures of the second feeder (7), the second amplification unit (6), the first feeder (5), the first power divider (4) and the first diplexer (3); , , and respectively represent the gain coefficients of the second feeder (7), the first feeder (5), the first power divider (4) and the first diplexer (3), represents the transmit gain coefficient of the second amplification unit (6); The designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system is determined according to a predetermined design list and the gain coefficient of the antenna unit (8), and the predetermined design list includes the ambient temperature, the feeder loss, the noise temperature of the antenna unit (8), and the designed value of the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna unit (8); The expression of the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system is: ； Among them, represents the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system, represents the equivalent noise temperature of the satellite receiving system, represents the ambient temperature, represents the feeder loss, represents the noise temperature of the antenna element (8), represents the gain coefficient of the antenna element (8), and G / T represents the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna element (8); The antenna unit (8) is further configured to: determine its gain coefficient according to the designed value of the noise coefficient of the satellite reception system and the predetermined design list; 2. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein The designed value of the ambient temperature is 290K; The designed value of the feeder loss is 0.2dB; The designed value of the noise temperature of the antenna unit (8) is 190K; The designed value of the gain noise temperature ratio of the antenna unit (8) is -15.5dB / K; The designed value range of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system is not greater than 1.8 dBi.

3. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein The second amplification unit (6) includes a second duplexer (61), a power amplifier (62), a first low-noise amplifier (63), a second power divider (64), a detection unit (65), and a multiplexer (66); The second duplexer (61) is electrically connected to the antenna unit (8) via the second feeder (7) and is connected to the power amplifier (62) to isolate the received signal from the antenna unit (8) and the transmitted signal from the power amplifier (62); The power amplifier (62) is electrically connected between the second duplexer (61) and the multiplexer (66) to amplify the power of the transmitted signal from the multiplexer (66) and determine the gain coefficient of the power amplifier (62) according to the gain coefficients and noise figures of the first duplexer (3), the first power divider (4), the first feeder (5), and the second feeder (7), the noise figure of the second amplification unit (6), and the designed value of the noise figure of the satellite receiving system; The first low-noise amplifier (63) is electrically connected between the second duplexer (61) and the second power divider (64) to amplify the received signal from the second duplexer (61); The second power divider (64) is electrically connected to the detection unit (65) and the multiplexer (66) to separate the received signal from the first low-noise amplifier (63) into two paths of signals, one path of signal is sent to the detection unit (65), and the other path of signal is sent to the multiplexer (66); The detection unit (65) is electrically connected to the communication processing unit (1) to process the received signal from the second power divider (64) and send the processed signal to the communication processing unit (1); The multiplexer (66) is electrically connected to the first feeder (5) to isolate the received signal from the second power divider (64) and the transmitted signal from the first feeder (5); 4. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein The first amplification unit (2) is configured to: an amplification unit that determines its input gain range according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit (1) and the gain coefficient and received power density range of the antenna unit (8).

5. The communication device according to claim 4, wherein The step of determining the input gain range of the first amplification unit (2) according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit (1) and the gain coefficient and received power density range of the antenna unit (8) includes: Calculating the effective receiving area of the antenna unit (8) according to the gain coefficient of the antenna unit (8) and the frequency of the received signal; Calculating the actual level range of the received signal according to the effective receiving area of the antenna unit (8) and the received power density range; Determining the input gain range of the first amplification unit (2) according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit (1) and the actual level range.

6. The communication device according to claim 5, wherein The first amplification unit (2) includes a first band-pass filter (21), a first amplifier (22), a second amplifier (23), and a second band-pass filter (24); The first band-pass filter (21) is electrically connected to the communication processing unit (1) to perform frequency selection and filtering on the transmission signal from the communication processing unit (1); The first amplifier (22) is electrically connected between the first band-pass filter (21) and the first duplexer (3) to amplify the transmission signal after frequency selection and filtering; The second amplifier (23) is electrically connected between the first duplexer (3) and the second band-pass filter (24) to amplify the received signal output by the first duplexer (3), and determine the gain range of the second amplifier (23) according to the received signal threshold range of the communication processing unit (1) and the gain coefficient and received power density range of the antenna unit (8); The second band-pass filter (24) is electrically connected to the second amplifier (23) to perform frequency selection and filtering on the received signal from the second amplifier (23), and send the received signal after frequency selection and filtering to the communication processing unit (1).

7. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The antenna emission angle parameters of the antenna unit (8) include a beam width range and an elevation angle range; When the satellite type that the antenna unit (8) needs to communicate with is a maritime broadband satellite, the beam width range of the antenna unit (8) is configured to be not less than 160°; When the satellite type that the antenna unit (8) needs to communicate with is a Tiantong satellite or an Iridium satellite, the beam width range of the antenna unit (8) is configured to be not less than 120°; When the satellite type that the antenna unit (8) needs to communicate with is a Beidou satellite, the elevation angle range of the antenna unit (8) is configured to be 20° to 70°; When the satellite type that the antenna unit (8) needs to communicate with is a DCS satellite, the antenna structure type of the antenna unit (8) is a whip antenna; When the satellite type that the antenna unit (8) needs to communicate with is the Beidou satellite, the maritime broadband satellite, the Tiantong satellite or the Iridium satellite, the antenna structure type of the antenna unit (8) is a quadrifilar helix antenna.

8. The communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The first feeder (5) and the second feeder (7) respectively include N resistors and M capacitors, where N and M are natural numbers.

9. An ocean observation system, characterized in that, It includes a land observation station, several satellites, and multiple ocean observation devices; among them, the ocean observation device includes the communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The ocean observation device establishes a communication channel with the land observation station through the communication device and several satellites, and realizes information interaction through the communication channel.

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