A kind of automatic detection device and detection method of highway engineering quality

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of highway pavement roughness detection, and in particular to an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality and a detection method thereof. Aiming at the problems that only straight line detection can be performed in the prior art, detection accuracy is affected by road debris, and detection wheel wear affects the accuracy of detection results, the following scheme is proposed, including a moving frame, a plurality of moving wheels are fixed to the bottom of the moving frame through legs; and a lifting plate is arranged above the moving frame, a moving arm is slidably connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, a connecting frame is welded to the bottom of the moving frame, and when the highway flatness detection is performed, the universal wheel can be moved along an S-shaped line to increase the detection points, and when the universal wheel reciprocates, a cleaning brush disc can be driven to remove debris on the forward path of the universal wheel to ensure the accuracy of the detection. In addition, after the universal wheel is worn, it can be replaced in time to avoid the wear of the universal wheel affecting the highway flatness detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of highway pavement roughness detection, and in particular to an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] After the completion of the expressway, it must undergo strict quality inspection before it can be officially put into use. This link is crucial, because if the road surface flatness does not meet the standard, it will not only cause additional resistance when the vehicle is driving, but also cause vehicle vibration and bumps, which will seriously affect the driving comfort. At the same time, the safety performance of the road will also be seriously threatened.

[0003] Existing highway pavement quality detection devices are generally towed by vehicles, and as the detection device moves, the pavement conditions are fed back in real time, and the pavement detection results are finally displayed in charts.

[0004] However, the existing technology still has the following shortcomings in the process of detection:

[0005] 1. The detection device can only perform straight-line detection, while the road surface is wide, resulting in low detection accuracy and the detection results may not be comprehensive.

[0006] 2. The road surface cannot be cleaned during the test, and dust, gravel and other debris may affect the accuracy of the test results.

[0007] 3. The detection wheel is prone to wear after long-term use, causing changes in its height relative to the road surface, which in turn affects the accuracy of the detection results.

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes an automatic detection device and a detection method for highway engineering quality. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing system that only straight line detection can be performed, road debris affects the detection accuracy, and wear of the detection wheel affects the accuracy of the detection result, and to propose an automatic detection device and detection method for highway engineering quality.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] An automatic detection device for highway engineering quality comprises a mobile frame, a bottom of which is fixed with a plurality of mobile wheels via legs;

[0012] It also includes a lifting plate arranged above the moving frame, the bottom of the lifting plate is slidably connected to a moving arm, the bottom end of the moving arm extends to the bottom of the moving frame and is welded to a connecting frame, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the connecting frame, a rotating wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of universal wheels are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating wheel;

[0013] It also includes a cleaning brush plate, which is arranged below the moving frame and is used to clean the debris on the moving path of the universal wheel. A plurality of arc plates are fixed to the bottom of the moving frame.

[0014] The detection structure is arranged in the mobile frame and is used to enable the universal wheel to detect the smoothness of the road at different positions when moving forward;

[0015] A cleaning structure is arranged at the bottom of the mobile frame to remove debris on the road surface when the universal wheel is performing detection, and the detection structure provides power for the cleaning structure;

[0016] The replacement structure is arranged on one side of the connecting frame and is used for replacing the universal wheel when it is worn, and the detection structure provides power for the replacement structure.

[0017] In a possible design, the detection structure includes a plurality of fixed rods fixed on the top of the moving frame, the lifting plate sliding sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the plurality of fixed rods, the outer wall of the plurality of fixed rods are sleeved with a first spring fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate, the top ends of the plurality of first springs are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the corresponding fixed rod, the first spring is used to drive the universal wheel to always contact the ground, a sliding groove is arranged in the moving arm, a sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, a reciprocating screw rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the moving frame through a base plate, and one end of the reciprocating screw rod threadedly penetrates the sliding block, a guide rod is fixed to the bottom of the moving frame through the base plate, and one end of the guide rod slides through the sliding block, the cooperation of the reciprocating screw rod, the sliding block and the sliding groove is used to drive the moving arm and the connecting frame to reciprocate, a second infrared sensor is fixed to the top of the moving frame through a fixed seat, which is used to detect the moving distance of the moving arm, and a U-shaped The lifting plate is located in the U-shaped plate, and a first infrared sensor is fixed on the top inner wall of the U-shaped plate to detect the lifting and lowering transformation of the lifting plate. A damping bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the damping bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting frame; the reciprocating screw drives the sliding block to move back and forth, and the sliding block drives the moving arm and the connecting frame to move back and forth through the sliding groove. The second infrared sensor detects the reciprocating distance of the moving arm, thereby driving the universal wheel to move on the road, and the elastic force applied by the first spring to the lifting plate makes the universal wheel always contact with the road surface, and then when the moving frame moves, the universal wheel moves along the S-shaped trajectory, and when the universal wheel encounters an uneven road surface during the movement, it pushes the lifting plate to move up and down, and the first infrared sensor detects the data when the lifting plate is lifted and lowered. Through the cooperation of the second infrared sensor and the first infrared sensor, accurate data of the road surface flatness can be detected, which is convenient for later analysis.

[0018] In a possible design, the cleaning structure includes a U-shaped frame fixed to the bottom of the mobile frame, a clearance groove is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped frame, a rectangular plate is slidably connected in the clearance groove, a mobile seat is fixed on the top of the rectangular plate, and the mobile seat slides on the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame, the top of the mobile seat is rotatably connected to the first gear and the second gear, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a first rack is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame, and the first rack is meshed with the second gear, the mobile seat drives the first gear and the second gear to move, and the second gear drives the first gear to rotate through the first rack, and a traction arm is welded on the side of the connecting frame close to the U-shaped frame, and the traction arm is located below the U-shaped frame. A transmission column rotates inside the traction arm, and the top of the transmission column penetrates the rectangular plate and the moving seat. The top of the transmission column slides through the first gear through the slide groove and the slider. A cleaning brush plate is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission column, and the first gear drives the cleaning brush plate to clean the road surface through the transmission column; the traction arm drives the transmission column to move synchronously, and the transmission column drives the second gear and the first gear to move through the moving seat. The second gear rotates under the action of the first rack, and the second gear drives the first gear to rotate. The first gear drives the transmission column and the cleaning brush plate to rotate. During the movement of the mobile frame, the cleaning brush plate cleans the road for the universal wheel to move, so as to prevent debris on the road from affecting the universal wheel.

[0019] The cam is secured to the side panel that is located adjacent to the guide rail and is secured on the side panel that is adjacent to the guide rail. The first gear is engaged with the second gear and the second gear is engaged with the first gear and the second gear is engaged with the first gear.

[0020] In a possible design, a third infrared sensor is fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame to detect the distance between the connecting frame and the ground and determine the degree of wear of the universal wheel to facilitate the replacement of the universal wheel at a later time.

[0021] In a possible design, a rectangular hole is provided in the movable frame, and the top end of the movable arm passes through the rectangular hole, and the rectangular hole is used to make way for the movement of the movable arm.

[0022] In a possible design, the radius of the second gear is greater than the radius of the first gear, so as to increase the rotation speed of the first gear and enable the cleaning brush disc to perform cleaning operations effectively.

[0023] In a possible design, a traction frame is welded to one side of the mobile frame, and the traction frame is connected to a traction vehicle for towing the mobile frame.

[0024] In a possible design, a mounting cylinder is fixed to one side of the top of the mobile frame, a lifting plate is slidably connected in the mounting cylinder, a plurality of fourth springs are fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate, the bottom ends of the plurality of fourth springs are fixedly connected to the top of the mobile frame, a camera is fixed to the top of the lifting plate, and the top of the camera extends to the top of the mounting cylinder for photographing the road surface, a rubber ring located above the lifting plate is fixed to the top inner wall of the mounting cylinder, and the cooperation of the rubber ring and the fourth spring is used to prevent the camera from vibrating too much; when the mobile frame moves, the camera can capture images of the road surface, which is convenient for later analysis of the road surface, and during the movement of the mobile frame, the cooperation of the fourth spring and the rubber ring can reduce the vibration amplitude of the camera and the lifting plate, thereby preventing the camera from vibrating too much and affecting its shooting.

[0025] In the present application, a detection method of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1, the traction vehicle drives the moving frame to move through the traction frame, the motor drives the reciprocating screw rod to make the moving arm and the connecting frame move back and forth, and the second infrared sensor detects the moving distance; the first spring ensures that the universal wheel contacts the road surface, moves in an S-shaped trajectory, and detects the flatness of the road surface through the first infrared sensor;

[0027] S2. When the moving arm and the connecting frame move, the transmission column drives the cleaning brush plate to rotate, cleaning the forward path of the universal wheel to avoid the influence of debris;

[0028] S3, the third infrared sensor detects the height of the connecting frame and monitors the wear of the universal wheel; when it is worn, the electromagnet is powered off, and the second rack moves down under the action of the second spring to mesh with the third gear, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the one-way bearing to realize the replacement of the universal wheel; after replacement, the electromagnet is powered on to absorb the second rack and continue detection;

[0029] S4, the camera captures road images, and the fourth spring and the rubber ring cooperate to reduce the vibration of the camera to ensure the shooting quality.

[0030] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, the detection structure includes a plurality of fixed rods fixed on the top of the moving frame, the lifting plate is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the plurality of fixed rods, the bottom of the lifting plate is slidably connected to a moving arm, a sliding block is slidably connected in a sliding groove, the bottom of the moving frame is rotatably connected to a reciprocating screw rod through a base plate, and one end of the reciprocating screw rod threadedly penetrates the sliding block; the reciprocating screw rod drives the sliding block and the moving arm to reciprocate, and then when the moving frame moves, the universal wheel moves along an S-shaped track, and when the universal wheel encounters an uneven road surface during the movement, it pushes the lifting plate to move up and down, the first infrared sensor detects the data when the lifting plate is lifted and lowered, and the second infrared sensor cooperates with the first infrared sensor to detect accurate data of the road surface flatness;

[0031] In the present invention, the cleaning structure includes a U-shaped frame fixed to the bottom of the moving frame, a rectangular plate is slidably connected in the U-shaped frame, the top of the rectangular plate is rotatably connected to the first gear and the second gear through the moving seat, the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame is fixed with a first rack, one side of the connecting frame is welded with a traction arm, a transmission column is rotatably penetrated in the traction arm, and the top end of the transmission column slides through the first gear; the traction arm drives the transmission column and the moving seat to move, and under the action of the first rack, the second gear drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear drives the cleaning brush disc to rotate, so as to clean the road where the universal wheel moves forward, so as to prevent the debris on the road surface from affecting the universal wheel;

[0032] The third gear is engaged with the second gear and the third gear is engaged with the second gear.

[0033] In the present invention, when performing road flatness detection, the universal wheel can be moved along an S-shaped line to increase detection points, and when the universal wheel reciprocates, the cleaning brush plate can be driven to remove debris on the road ahead of the universal wheel to ensure the accuracy of the detection. In addition, after the universal wheel is worn, it can be replaced in time to avoid the wear of the universal wheel affecting the detection of road flatness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from a first perspective of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second viewing angle of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mobile frame and a mobile arm of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional explosion structure of a lifting plate, a U-shaped plate and a moving arm of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a moving arm, a connecting frame, an arc plate and a reciprocating screw rod of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a moving arm, a reciprocating screw rod and a rotating wheel of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a U-shaped frame, a movable arm and a connecting frame of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a rectangular plate, a movable seat and a cleaning brush plate of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a connecting frame, a moving plate and a curved plate of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mobile frame and a mounting cylinder of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional sectional explosion structure of an installation tube, a lifting plate and a camera of an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1, moving frame; 2, moving wheel; 3, traction frame; 4, fixed rod; 5, lifting plate; 6, first spring; 7, rectangular hole; 8, moving arm; 9, connecting frame; 10, rotating shaft; 11, rotating wheel; 12, universal wheel; 13, U-shaped plate; 14, first infrared sensor; 15, reciprocating screw rod; 16, guide rod; 17, sliding groove; 18, sliding block; 19, second infrared sensor; 20, U-shaped frame; 21, giving way groove; 22, rectangular plate; 23, transmission column; 24, cleaning Brush plate; 25, traction arm; 26, moving seat; 27, first gear; 28, second gear; 29, first rack; 30, one-way bearing; 31, third gear; 32, moving plate; 33, fixed plate; 34, sliding rod; 35, second spring; 36, second rack; 37, electromagnet; 38, arc plate; 39, guide rod; 40, third spring; 41, mounting tube; 42, camera; 43, lifting plate; 44, fourth spring; 45, rubber ring; 46, third infrared sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0048] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , an automatic detection device, which is used in the field of highway pavement detection. The device mainly includes a mobile frame 1, and a plurality of mobile wheels 2 are fixed to the bottom of the mobile frame 1 through legs. These mobile wheels 2 enable the entire device to move freely along the highway. A lifting plate 5 is arranged above the mobile frame 1, and the bottom of the lifting plate 5 is connected to the mobile arm 8 through a sliding connection. The bottom end of the mobile arm 8 extends to the bottom of the mobile frame 1 and is welded with a connecting frame 9. In the connecting frame 9, a rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected, and a rotating wheel 11 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 10, and a plurality of universal wheels 12 are fixed on the outer wall of the rotating wheel 11. These universal wheels 12 can rotate flexibly to adapt to different road conditions.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 In order to clean the debris on the forward path of the universal wheel 12, the device is provided with a cleaning brush plate 24 below the mobile frame 1. Meanwhile, a plurality of arc plates 38 are also fixed to the bottom of the mobile frame 1.

[0050] Reference Figure 3-Figure 7In order to realize the automatic detection of the flatness of the road, the device is provided with a detection structure in the mobile frame 1. The detection structure includes a plurality of fixed rods 4 fixed on the top of the mobile frame 1, and the lifting plate 5 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of these fixed rods 4. At the same time, the outer wall of the plurality of fixed rods 4 is sleeved with a first spring 6 fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate 5. The top of the first spring 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the corresponding fixed rod 4, so that the first spring 6 can drive the universal wheel 12 to always contact the ground. A sliding groove 17 is provided in the mobile arm 8, and a sliding block 18 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 17. The bottom of the mobile frame 1 is rotatably connected with a reciprocating screw rod 15 through a base plate, and one end of the reciprocating screw rod 15 is threadedly penetrated through the sliding block 18. At the same time, a guide rod 16 is also fixed to the bottom of the mobile frame 1 through a base plate, and one end of the guide rod 16 slides through the sliding block 18. In this way, the cooperation of the reciprocating screw rod 15, the sliding block 18 and the sliding groove 17 can drive the mobile arm 8 and the connecting frame 9 to move back and forth. In order to detect the distance moved by the moving arm 8, a second infrared sensor 19 is also fixed to the top of the moving frame 1 through a fixing seat. At the same time, a U-shaped plate 13 is also fixed to the top of the moving frame 1, and the lifting plate 5 is located inside the U-shaped plate 13. A first infrared sensor 14 is fixed to the top inner wall of the U-shaped plate 13 to detect the lifting and lowering transformation of the lifting plate 5. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 10 is sleeved with a damping bearing, and the damping bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 9.

[0051] Specifically, driven by the reciprocating screw 15, the sliding block 18 will move back and forth, and then drive the moving arm 8 and the connecting frame 9 to move back and forth through the sliding groove 17. The second infrared sensor 19 will detect the reciprocating distance of the moving arm 8, and then drive the universal wheel 12 to move on the road. Due to the elastic force applied by the first spring 6 to the lifting plate 5, the universal wheel 12 will always be in contact with the road surface. Therefore, when the moving frame 1 moves, the universal wheel 12 will move along an S-shaped trajectory. When the universal wheel 12 encounters an uneven road surface during movement, it will push the lifting plate 5 to move up and down. At this time, the first infrared sensor 14 will detect the data when the lifting plate 5 is lifted and lowered. Through the cooperation of the second infrared sensor 19 and the first infrared sensor 14, accurate data on the flatness of the road surface can be detected, which is convenient for later analysis.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9In order to achieve the cleaning of the road surface, the device is also provided with a cleaning structure. The cleaning structure includes a U-shaped frame 20 fixed at the bottom of the mobile frame 1, and a clearance groove 21 is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped frame 20. A rectangular plate 22 is slidably connected in the clearance groove 21, and a mobile seat 26 is fixed on the top of the rectangular plate 22, and the mobile seat 26 slides on the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame 20. The top of the mobile seat 26 is rotatably connected with a first gear 27 and a second gear 28, and the first gear 27 is meshed with the second gear 28. A first rack 29 is fixed on the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame 20, and the first rack 29 is meshed with the second gear 28. A traction arm 25 is welded on one side of the connecting frame 9 close to the U-shaped frame 20, and the traction arm 25 is located below the U-shaped frame 20. A transmission column 23 is rotatably penetrated in the traction arm 25, and the top of the transmission column 23 penetrates the rectangular plate 22 and the mobile seat 26, and slides through the first gear 27 through a slide groove and a slider. A cleaning brush plate 24 is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission column 23 .

[0053] Specifically, when the traction arm 25 drives the transmission column 23 to move synchronously, the transmission column 23 drives the second gear 28 and the first gear 27 to move through the moving seat 26. Since the second gear 28 is meshed with the first rack 29, the second gear 28 rotates under the action of the first rack 29. Then the first gear 27 is driven to rotate, and the first gear 27 drives the transmission column 23 and the cleaning brush plate 24 to rotate. During the movement of the moving frame 1, the cleaning brush plate 24 can clean the road where the universal wheel 12 moves forward to prevent the debris on the road from affecting the universal wheel 12.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Fig.10 In addition, the device is also provided with a replacement structure for replacing the universal wheel 12 when it is worn. The replacement structure is arranged on one side of the connecting frame 9, and the detection structure provides power for the replacement structure. The replacement structure mainly includes a guide rod 39, a moving plate 32, a third spring 40, a fixing plate 33, a sliding rod 34, a second spring 35, a second rack 36, an electromagnet 37, a one-way bearing 30, and a third gear 31.

[0055] Reference Fig.10 First, the guide rod 39 is fixed to one side of the connecting frame 9 through the base plate. The moving plate 32 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 39 and slides on one side of the connecting frame 9 at the same time. In order to keep the moving plate 32 sliding stably on the guide rod 39 and provide a certain reset force, the third spring 40 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 39, one end of which is fixedly connected to the moving plate 32, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide rod 39.

[0056] Reference Fig.10The movable plate 32 is designed to cooperate with the arc plate 38. When the movable plate 32 slides under the guidance of the arc plate 38, it will slide back and forth due to the elastic force of the third spring 40. This design is helpful to drive the relevant components to move in the subsequent process. A fixed plate 33 is fixed on the side of the movable plate 32 away from the arc plate 38. A sliding rod 34 slides through the fixed plate 33, and the bottom end of the sliding rod 34 slides through the fixed plate 33 and is fixed with a second rack 36. The second rack 36 is slidably connected to the movable plate 32 to ensure relative movement between them. In order to drive the second rack 36 to move downward, the second spring 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod 34, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second rack 36, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 33.

[0057] Reference Fig.10 In the design of the two electromagnets 37, they are respectively fixed on the side where the second rack 36 and the fixed plate 33 are close to each other. When the two electromagnets 37 are energized, they will generate magnetic attraction to move the second rack 36 upward. This design helps to unlock the meshing between the second rack 36 and the third gear 31 when needed.

[0058] Reference Fig.10 One end of the rotating shaft 10 rotates and penetrates the connecting frame 9 to drive the rotation of the universal wheel 12. A one-way bearing 30 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 10, and its inner ring is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 10. The outer ring of the one-way bearing 30 is fixed with a third gear 31, and the third gear 31 is meshed with the second rack 36. When the second rack 36 moves, it drives the one-way bearing 30 to rotate through the third gear 31. Due to the characteristics of the one-way bearing 30, it can ensure that the rotating shaft 10 can only rotate in one direction, thereby completing the replacement of the universal wheel 12.

[0059] In actual operation, when the two electromagnets 37 are powered off, the magnetic adsorption between them is released. At this time, the second rack 36 moves down under the elastic force of the second spring 35 and meshes with the third gear 31. When the connecting frame 9 drives the moving plate 32 to move, the moving plate 32 moves under the action of the arc plate 38. Since the moving plate 32 is slidably connected to the second rack 36, the movement of the moving plate 32 will synchronously drive the second rack 36 to move. The movement of the second rack 36 will drive the one-way bearing 30 to rotate through the third gear 31. Since the one-way bearing 30 is in a locked state with the rotating shaft 10, the movement of the second rack 36 can drive the rotating shaft 10 to rotate a certain angle, thereby completing the replacement of the universal wheel 12. Then, when the electromagnets 37 are powered on, they will generate magnetic attraction to adsorb the second rack 36 upward. In this way, the meshing between the second rack 36 and the third gear 31 will be released, allowing the road surface flatness detection to continue.

[0060] Reference Figure 7 In order to detect the distance between the connecting frame 9 and the ground, and thus determine the degree of wear of the universal wheel 12, a third infrared sensor 46 is also fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame 9. When it is detected that the distance between the connecting frame 9 and the ground exceeds a preset value, it means that the universal wheel 12 may have been severely worn and needs to be replaced.

[0061] Reference Figure 3 A rectangular hole 7 is provided in the mobile frame 1, and the top of the mobile arm 8 passes through the rectangular hole 7. The rectangular hole 7 is designed to make way for the movement of the mobile arm 8 to ensure that the mobile arm 8 can move smoothly in the mobile frame 1.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 A traction frame 3 is fixed by welding on one side of the mobile frame 1. The traction frame 3 is designed to be connected to a traction vehicle. Through the pulling force of the traction vehicle, the mobile frame 1 can be towed to move on the highway to achieve the purpose of automatic detection.

[0063] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , wherein the radius of the second gear 28 is greater than the radius of the first gear 27. Through the transmission effect of the gears, the rotation speed of the first gear 27 can be increased, thereby driving the cleaning brush plate 24 connected to the first gear 27 to perform cleaning operations at a higher speed. In this way, the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning brush plate 24 can be improved, ensuring that the sundries and dirt on the road surface can be removed in time during the detection process, avoiding interference with the shooting of the camera 42.

[0064] Through the above specific implementation, the device can realize automatic detection of highway engineering quality, and can also clean the road surface to avoid the influence of debris on the detection result. In addition, when the universal wheel 12 is worn, it can also be quickly replaced by replacing the structure, which improves the detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0065] Example 2: Reference Fig.11 and Fig.12 , improved on the basis of Example 1: a mounting tube 41 is fixed on one side of the top of the mobile frame 1. The mounting tube 41 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a lifting plate 43 is slidably connected inside the mounting tube 41. The lifting plate 43 can slide up and down in the mounting tube 41 to adjust the height of the camera 42. A plurality of fourth springs 44 are fixed at the bottom of the lifting plate 43, and the bottom ends of these fourth springs 44 are fixedly connected to the top of the mobile frame 1. Through the elastic action of the fourth springs 44, a certain buffering and shock absorbing effect can be provided for the lifting plate 43.

[0066] A camera 42 is fixed on the top of the lifting plate 43. The top of the camera 42 extends to the top of the mounting tube 41, and is used to capture images of the highway pavement. Through the capture of the camera 42, image information of the pavement can be obtained, which is convenient for later analysis and evaluation of the pavement quality.

[0067] In order to further reduce the vibration amplitude of the camera 42 during the movement, a rubber ring 45 is fixed on the top inner wall of the mounting tube 41 and is located above the lifting plate 43. The rubber ring 45 has a certain elasticity and friction force, and can contact with the top of the lifting plate 43 and produce a certain damping effect. When the mobile frame 1 encounters bumps or vibrations during the movement, the rubber ring 45 and the fourth spring 44 can cooperate to reduce the vibration amplitude of the camera 42 and the lifting plate 43, so as to prevent the vibration amplitude of the camera 42 from being too large and affecting its shooting effect.

[0068] In summary, the automatic detection device for highway engineering quality provided by this embodiment has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, high detection efficiency, etc. Through the traction of the traction vehicle, automatic movement and detection on the highway can be achieved; through the shooting function of the camera 42, image information of the road surface can be obtained; through the cooperation of the fourth spring 44 and the rubber ring 45, the vibration amplitude of the camera 42 during movement can be reduced.

[0069] A detection method for an automatic detection device for highway engineering quality, comprising the following steps:

[0070] S1. Connect the mobile frame 1 to the traction vehicle through the traction frame 3. The traction vehicle drives the mobile frame 1 to move on the road. During the movement, the reciprocating screw 15 is first driven by the motor to rotate. The reciprocating screw 15 drives the sliding block 18 to move back and forth. The sliding block 18 drives the mobile arm 8 and the connecting frame 9 to move back and forth through the sliding groove 17. The second infrared sensor 19 detects the reciprocating distance of the mobile arm 8, and the elastic force applied by the first spring 6 to the lifting plate 5 makes the universal wheel 12 always contact with the road surface. Then, when the mobile frame 1 moves, the universal wheel 12 moves along the S-shaped trajectory, and the universal wheel 12 encounters an uneven road surface during the movement process, so as to push the lifting plate 5 to move up and down. The first infrared sensor 14 detects the data when the lifting plate 5 is lifted and lowered. The cooperation of the second infrared sensor 19 and the first infrared sensor 14 can detect the accurate data of the road surface flatness, which is convenient for later analysis.

[0071] S2. When the moving arm 8 and the connecting frame 9 move back and forth, the traction arm 25 drives the transmission column 23 to move synchronously, and the transmission column 23 drives the second gear 28 and the first gear 27 to move through the moving seat 26. The second gear 28 rotates under the action of the first rack 29, and the second gear 28 drives the first gear 27 to rotate. The first gear 27 drives the transmission column 23 and the cleaning brush plate 24 to rotate. During the movement of the moving frame 1, the cleaning brush plate 24 cleans the road for the universal wheel 12 to prevent debris on the road from affecting the universal wheel 12.

[0072] S3. In addition, when the universal wheel 12 contacts the road surface, the third infrared sensor 46 detects the height of the connecting frame 9 from the ground at this time. When the universal wheel 12 is worn after being used for a long time, the height of the connecting frame 9 from the ground is reduced. In order not to affect the later flatness detection, the two electromagnets 37 are powered off at this time, and the magnetic adsorption between the two electromagnets 37 is released. The second rack 36 moves downward under the elastic force of the second spring 35 and meshes with the third gear 31. When the connecting frame 9 drives the moving plate 32 to move, the moving plate 32 moves under the action of the arc plate 38, and the moving plate 32 synchronously drives the second rack 36 to move. The second rack 36 drives the one-way bearing 30 to rotate through the third gear 31. The one-way bearing 30 and the rotating shaft 10 are in a locked state. The second rack 36 can drive the rotating shaft 10 to rotate a certain angle, and the replacement of the universal wheel 12 is completed. Then the electromagnet 37 is energized to adsorb the second rack 36 upward, and the meshing between the second rack 36 and the third gear 31 is released, and then the road surface flatness detection is continued;

[0073] S4. When the mobile frame 1 moves, the camera 42 can capture images of the road surface, which is convenient for later analysis of the road surface. During the movement of the mobile frame 1, the fourth spring 44 and the rubber ring 45 can cooperate to reduce the vibration amplitude of the camera 42 and the lifting plate 43, thereby preventing the camera 42 from vibrating too much and affecting its shooting.

[0074] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the camera 42, the third infrared sensor 46, the second infrared sensor 19, the electromagnet 37 and the first infrared sensor 14 are commonplace, and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art may make any optional selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highway engineering quality automatic detection device, characterized in that: It comprises a moving frame (1), the bottom of which is fixed with a plurality of moving wheels (2) via supporting legs; It also comprises a lifting plate (5) arranged above the mobile frame (1), the bottom of the lifting plate (5) is slidably connected to a moving arm (8), the bottom end of the moving arm (8) extends to the bottom of the mobile frame (1) and is welded to a connecting frame (9), a rotating shaft (10) is rotatably connected inside the connecting frame (9), a rotating wheel (11) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10), and a plurality of universal wheels (12) are fixed to the outer wall of the rotating wheel (11); It also includes a cleaning brush plate (24), which is arranged below the moving frame (1) and is used to clean debris on the path of the universal wheel (12). A plurality of arc-shaped plates (38) are fixed to the bottom of the moving frame (1); A detection structure is arranged in the mobile frame (1) and is used to enable the universal wheel (12) to detect the flatness of the road at different positions when the universal wheel (12) is moving forward; A cleaning structure is arranged at the bottom of the mobile frame (1) to remove debris on the road surface when the universal wheel (12) is performing detection, and the detection structure provides power for the cleaning structure; A replacement structure is arranged on one side of the connecting frame (9) and is used for replacing the universal wheel (12) when it is worn, and the detection structure provides power for the replacement structure; the detection structure comprises a plurality of fixed rods (4) fixed to the top of the moving frame (1), the lifting plate (5) is slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the plurality of fixed rods (4), the outer walls of the plurality of fixed rods (4) are sleeved with first springs (6) fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plate (5), the top ends of the plurality of first springs (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls of the corresponding fixed rods (4), the first springs (6) are used for driving the universal wheel (12) to always contact the ground, the moving arm (8) is provided with a sliding groove (17), the sliding groove (17) is slidably connected with a sliding block (18), the bottom of the moving frame (1) is rotatably connected with a reciprocating screw rod (15) through a base plate, and the reciprocating screw rod (15) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the moving frame (1). ) is threadedly inserted into a sliding block (18); a guide rod (16) is fixed to the bottom of the moving frame (1) through a base plate, and one end of the guide rod (16) slides through the sliding block (18); the reciprocating screw rod (15), the sliding block (18) and the sliding groove (17) cooperate to drive the moving arm (8) and the connecting frame (9) to move back and forth; a second infrared sensor (19) is fixed to the top of the moving frame (1) through a fixing seat, and is used to detect the moving distance of the moving arm (8); a U-shaped plate (13) is fixed to the top of the moving frame (1); the lifting plate (5) is located in the U-shaped plate (13); a first infrared sensor (14) is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the U-shaped plate (13), and is used to detect the lifting and lowering transformation of the lifting plate (5); the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10) is sleeved with a damping bearing, and the damping bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (9);The cleaning structure comprises a U-shaped frame (20) fixed at the bottom of a moving frame (1), a clearance groove (21) is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped frame (20), a rectangular plate (22) is slidably connected in the clearance groove (21), a moving seat (26) is fixed at the top of the rectangular plate (22), and the moving seat (26) slides on the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame (20), a first gear (27) and a second gear (28) are rotatably connected at the top of the moving seat (26), and the first gear (27) and the second gear (28) are meshed, a first rack (29) is fixed at the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped frame (20), and the first rack (29) and the second gear (28) are meshed, and the moving seat (26) drives the first gear (27) to rotate. The connecting frame (9) is provided with a traction arm (25) welded on one side of the connecting frame (9) close to the U-shaped frame (20), and the traction arm (25) is located below the U-shaped frame (20). A transmission column (23) is rotatably penetrated in the traction arm (25), and the top end of the transmission column (23) penetrates the rectangular plate (22) and the moving seat (26). The top end of the transmission column (23) slides through the first gear (27) through a sliding groove and a sliding block. A cleaning brush disc (24) is fixed at the bottom end of the transmission column (23), and the first gear (27) drives the cleaning brush disc (24) through the transmission column (23) to clean the road surface;The replacement structure comprises a guide rod (39) fixed to one side of the connecting frame (9) through a base plate, the outer wall of the guide rod (39) is slidably sleeved with a moving plate (32), and the moving plate (32) slides on one side of the connecting frame (9), the outer wall of the guide rod (39) is sleeved with a third spring (40) fixedly connected to the moving plate (32), one end of the third spring (40) away from the moving plate (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide rod (39), and the moving plate (32) and the arc plate (38) are fixedly connected. The movable plate (32) is matched with the arc plate (38) and the third spring (40) to slide back and forth. A fixed plate (33) is fixed on the side of the movable plate (32) away from the arc plate (38). A sliding rod (34) is slidably penetrated in the fixed plate (33). The bottom end of the sliding rod (34) slides through the fixed plate (33) and is fixed with a second rack (36). The second rack (36) is slidably connected to the movable plate (32). The second rack (36) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (33). A second spring (35) is fixed, and the second spring (35) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod (34) for driving the second rack (36) to move downward. An electromagnet (37) is fixed on the side where the second rack (36) and the fixed plate (33) are close to each other. When the two electromagnets (37) are energized, a magnetic attraction force is generated to move the second rack (36) upward. One end of the rotating shaft (10) rotates through the connecting frame (9). The outer wall of the rotating shaft (10) is sleeved with a one-way bearing (30). The inner ring of the one-way bearing (30) is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10), the outer ring of the one-way bearing (30) is fixed with a third gear (31), and the third gear (31) is meshed with the second rack (36), and the cooperation between the second rack (36), the third gear (31) and the one-way bearing (30) is used to drive the rotating shaft (10) to rotate in one direction to replace the universal wheel (12); the bottom of the connecting frame (9) is fixed with a third infrared sensor (46) for detecting the distance between the connecting frame (9) and the ground. ; 2. The automatic detection device for highway engineering quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rectangular hole (7) is provided in the movable frame (1), and the top end of the movable arm (8) passes through the rectangular hole (7). The rectangular hole (7) is used to make way for the movement of the movable arm (8).

3. The automatic detection device for highway engineering quality according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The radius of the second gear (28) is greater than the radius of the first gear (27), and is used to increase the rotation speed of the first gear (27).

4. The automatic detection device for highway engineering quality according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A traction frame (3) is welded to one side of the mobile frame (1), and the traction frame (3) is connected to a traction vehicle and is used to tow the mobile frame (1) to move.

5. The automatic detection device for highway engineering quality according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A mounting tube (41) is fixed on one side of the top of the mobile frame (1), a lifting plate (43) is slidably connected inside the mounting tube (41), a plurality of fourth springs (44) are fixed on the bottom of the lifting plate (43), the bottom ends of the plurality of fourth springs (44) are fixedly connected to the top of the mobile frame (1), a camera (42) is fixed on the top of the lifting plate (43), and the top end of the camera (42) extends to the top of the mounting tube (41) for photographing the road surface, and a rubber ring (45) located above the lifting plate (43) is fixed on the inner wall of the top of the mounting tube (41).

6. The detection method of the automatic detection device for highway engineering quality according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the traction vehicle drives the moving frame (1) to move through the traction frame (3), the motor drives the reciprocating screw rod (15) to make the moving arm (8) and the connecting frame (9) move back and forth, and the second infrared sensor (19) detects the moving distance; the first spring (6) ensures that the universal wheel (12) is in contact with the road surface, moves in an S-shaped trajectory, and detects the flatness of the road surface through the first infrared sensor (14); S2, when the movable arm (8) and the connecting frame (9) move, the transmission column (23) drives the cleaning brush plate (24) to rotate, cleaning the forward path of the universal wheel (12) to avoid the influence of debris; S3, the third infrared sensor (46) detects the height of the connecting frame (9) and monitors the wear of the universal wheel (12); when the wear occurs, the electromagnet (37) is powered off, and the second rack (36) moves downward under the action of the second spring (35) to mesh with the third gear (31), and drives the rotating shaft (10) to rotate through the one-way bearing (30), so as to achieve the replacement of the universal wheel (12); after the replacement, the electromagnet (37) is powered on to absorb the second rack (36) and continue the detection; S4, the camera (42) captures the road surface image, and the fourth spring (44) and the rubber ring (45) cooperate to reduce the vibration of the camera (42) to ensure the quality of the capture.

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