Door-type assembled two-way wave-absorbing blast wave shielding valve

Abstract

A modular, bidirectional shock-absorbing and explosion-proof gate, belonging to the technical field of protective equipment, includes: a component unit comprising a valve body with a ventilation channel and a valve cavity in the middle of the ventilation channel. The valve cavity has an opening connecting to the ventilation channel, serving as a valve cavity vent. A valve core is located within the valve cavity and is elastically movable along the airflow direction. The valve core can block the vent in front of the valve cavity along the airflow direction to cut off the airflow to the ventilation channel. This invention, while ensuring ventilation performance, has significant advantages in shock-absorbing performance. In principle, this invention relies on shock wave closure and spring reset. The valve core can move and reset in both directions, effectively blocking the impact airflow on both sides of the gate, achieving bidirectional shock absorption. This invention solves the problem of existing swing-type and hose-type gates being unable to withstand bidirectional shock waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of protective equipment, and more specifically, to a door-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door. Background Technology

[0002] During a nuclear explosion, when electromagnetic pulse energy enters the protective structure through various coupling pathways, it poses a serious threat to sensitive electronic and electrical equipment and systems within the structure. Therefore, the protective structure must be designed with electromagnetic pulse protection in mind. Electromagnetic pulse protection mainly involves controlling the entry of electromagnetic field energy into electronic systems. To ensure the normal operation of electronic equipment and ventilation and water supply equipment within the structure, and to guarantee uninterrupted command and control, research must be conducted on engineering measures to prevent electromagnetic pulse effects.

[0003] For the main structure of the project, due to its thick protective layer, the electromagnetic pulse energy penetrating the layer and entering the main structure is very small. However, for the opening structures on the main structure, the protective structures at the openings are relatively weak, resulting in weak electromagnetic pulse protection capabilities. The opening structures on the main structure generally include ventilation openings for the ventilation and air conditioning system. In existing technology, blast wave dampers are installed on these ventilation openings to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment inside the project and to maintain uninterrupted ventilation in the event of an explosion or impact load. The blast wave dampers can quickly and automatically close under the overpressure of the shock wave, blocking most of the shock wave outside the project. After the shock wave passes, the blast wave dampers can automatically reset in a timely manner, without affecting normal ventilation inside the project.

[0004] In existing technologies, explosion-proof valves are generally classified into two types: swing valves and hose valves. Swing valves can only be installed vertically, making them gravity-sensitive structures. The verticality of the installation directly affects their normal ventilation and wave-damping performance. Furthermore, swing valves are sensitive to the direction of the shock wave and cannot withstand bidirectional shock waves; they can only withstand forward shock waves and cannot withstand lateral or reverse shock waves. Hose valves are not heat-resistant, with an applicable temperature range of -34℃ to 40℃ and a maximum withstand temperature not exceeding 110℃. They cannot be installed in high-temperature environments such as smoke exhaust vents. In addition, hose valves suffer from problems such as easy aging, short lifespan (generally requiring replacement every 10 years), low resistance (shock wave overpressure design value less than 0.6MPa), sensitivity to the direction of the shock wave, inability to withstand bidirectional shock waves, and inability to withstand lateral or reverse shock waves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical issues

[0006] In summary, how to provide a blast wave shielding valve that can absorb shock waves in both directions to solve the problem that existing swing valves and hose valves cannot withstand shock waves in both directions has become an urgent problem for those skilled in the art.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention provides a gantry-type, prefabricated, bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielded door. In this invention, the gantry-type, prefabricated, bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielded door includes:

[0010] A prefabricated explosion-proof valve assembly includes a component unit, which includes a valve body. The valve body has a ventilation channel, and a valve cavity is located in the middle of the ventilation channel. The opening structure of the valve cavity communicating with the ventilation channel is a valve cavity air outlet. A valve core is located inside the valve cavity. The valve core can move elastically along the airflow direction. The valve core can block the valve cavity air outlet in front of it along the airflow direction to achieve airflow cutoff of the ventilation channel.

[0011] Preferably, in the gantry-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielded valve provided by the present invention, the valve body includes an upper valve body plate and a lower valve body plate. The upper valve body plate and the lower valve body plate are spaced apart vertically to form a single-sided ventilation duct structure. There are two single-sided ventilation duct structures, which are spaced apart front to back. The valve core is disposed between the two single-sided ventilation duct structures and can abut against the front or rear single-sided ventilation duct structure to achieve airflow cutoff of the ventilation channel.

[0012] Preferably, in the gantry-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding valve provided by the present invention, multiple valve bodies are provided in the same prefabricated explosion-proof valve assembly. The valve bodies can be arranged in the vertical direction to form a parallel structure, or the valve bodies can be arranged in the front-back direction to form a series structure.

[0013] Preferably, in the gate-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielded valve provided by the present invention, in the parallel structure of the valve bodies, adjacent valve bodies are spaced apart, and a sealing plate is provided between adjacent valve bodies to achieve the sealing of the space between the valve bodies.

[0014] Preferably, in the gate-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielded valve provided by the present invention, two end plates are provided along the axial direction of the valve core, the valve body is fixedly disposed on the two end plates, and the valve core is movably disposed on the two end plates.

[0015] Preferably, in the gate-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielded valve provided by the present invention, sliding holes are provided on the two end plates, and the end of the valve core is movably disposed in the sliding holes.

[0016] Preferably, in the gantry-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielded valve provided by the present invention, the valve core is elastically and movably mounted on the valve body via an elastic component; the elastic component includes a main shaft, the end of the valve core is provided with a shaft hole, the valve core is assembled on the main shaft through the shaft hole, and a spring is sleeved on the main shaft, the spring being located at both outer ends of the valve core, and the spring elastically contacting the valve core; or, the elastic component includes a main shaft, the end of the valve core is provided with a shaft hole, the valve core is assembled on the main shaft through the shaft hole, and a spring is sleeved on the main shaft, the spring being fixed relative to the main shaft, the spring being located inside the valve core and elastically contacting the inner wall of the valve core; or, the elastic component includes a U-shaped spring, one side of the U-shaped spring being a fixed side, the fixed side being fixed relative to the valve body, and the other side of the U-shaped spring being an elastically movable side, the elastic range of motion of the elastically movable side being not less than the movement limit of the valve core, and the elastically movable side abutting against the valve core.

[0017] Preferably, the prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielded door provided by the present invention further includes upper and lower end plates, which are fixedly arranged with the two side end plates to form an outer frame of the component unit, and at least one valve body is arranged in the outer frame of the component unit; the prefabricated explosion-proof door assembly includes at least one set of component units.

[0018] Preferably, in the gantry-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding valve provided by the present invention, the gantry-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding valve includes a door leaf, on which a ventilation opening is provided, and the number of prefabricated blast-proof valve components is adjustable on the ventilation opening, and the prefabricated blast-proof valve components are mounted on the door leaf through a valve body mounting bracket.

[0019] Preferably, in the gantry-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding door provided by the present invention, the gantry-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding door includes a door frame, and the door leaf is hinged to the door frame; a conductive sealing structure is provided on the door frame, and the door leaf is airtightly closed to the door frame through the conductive sealing structure.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] As described above, this invention provides a gate-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielded valve. This gate-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielded valve includes: a prefabricated blast-proof valve assembly, which includes a component unit, and the component unit includes a valve body. The valve body has a ventilation channel, and a valve cavity is located in the middle of the ventilation channel. The opening structure connecting the valve cavity and the ventilation channel is a valve cavity air outlet. A valve core is located within the valve cavity, and the valve core can elastically move along the airflow direction. The valve core can block the valve cavity air outlet in front of it along the airflow direction to achieve airflow cutoff in the ventilation channel. This invention develops and provides a novel prefabricated blast-proof valve, which adopts a completely new wave-damping structure, exhibiting significant performance advantages in wave-damping performance while ensuring ventilation performance. Through comparative tests on the resistance and wave-damping performance under simulated nuclear explosion shock waves, the ZH200(5) product under nuclear level 5 resistance, compared with the existing swing valve HK200(5), can increase the pressure peak wave-damping rate from 39.2% to 91% and the energy wave-damping rate from 84.1% to 97.2%. Under these technical indicators, the diffusion chamber or wave-damping chamber can be eliminated, and the residual pressure after wave-damping by the equipment directly meets the protection requirements of the equipment and personnel. Through testing, the equivalent ventilation diameter of one of the products of this invention is 195mm, and its ventilation local resistance coefficient is 3.5, which is better than the local resistance coefficient of the hose valve (6.46) and the local resistance coefficient of HK200(5) (4.08). Its ventilation area to installation area ratio is 28.7%, which is better than the hose valve (19.5%) and close to the HK200(5) (31.2%). In addition, this invention relies on shock wave closure and spring device reset in principle, and can be installed at any angle. Compared to swing valves that rely on gravity for reset and can only be installed vertically, this invention offers better reliability and applicability. Furthermore, the valve core in this invention can move and reset in both forward and backward directions, effectively blocking the impact airflow on both sides of the valve leaf, achieving bidirectional wave suppression. This invention solves the problem of existing swing valves and hose-type valves being unable to withstand impact waves in both directions. In addition, this invention uses an all-metal structure, which, compared to the sealing strips of hoses and swing valves, does not suffer from aging or high-temperature resistance issues, achieving maintenance-free operation during its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the component unit is installed on the door leaf in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the component unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the component unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] exist Figures 1 to 4 In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and reference numerals is as follows:

[0028] Valve body 1, upper valve body plate 1a, lower valve body plate 1b, ventilation channel 2, valve cavity 3, valve core 4.

[0029] 5. Sealing plate, 6. Side end plates, 7. Sliding hole, 8. Elastic component, 9. Upper and lower end plates. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. Indeed, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the invention without departing from its scope or spirit. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the invention encompass such modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0031] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected" and "linked" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the component unit is installed on the door leaf in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the component unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the component unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] This invention provides a portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding door. This portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding door includes a door frame (the door frame has a threshold, which can be a fixed threshold or a movable threshold) and a door leaf. The door frame is a steel frame (i.e., the door frame is made of steel profiles). The door frame can be fixed to the building entrance by pre-embedded anchor bolts or expansion bolts. The door frame has a door frame edge (the door frame edge covers the building entrance). The door leaf can be installed on the door frame edge by hinge assemblies, forming an airtight closed structure with the door frame edge when the door leaf is closed. Prefabricated blast-proof valve components are installed on the door leaf. The term "prefabricated" in "prefabricated blast-proof valve component" means that the valve component is assembled from component units, and multiple valve components can be installed on a single door leaf.

[0034] Specifically, the assembled explosion-proof wave valve assembly includes component units, each component unit being equivalent to a "valve" structure, capable of independently controlling airflow. Each component unit includes a valve body 1. In this invention, the valve body 1 is an assembled valve body structure, assembled from multiple parts (all metal components). A ventilation channel 2 is provided on the valve body 1. The ventilation channel 2 is a flat, long, straight ventilation channel (which can be understood as a long, straight slit structure with a certain height). A valve cavity 3 is provided in the middle of the ventilation channel 2 (the direction of airflow within the ventilation channel 2 is its depth direction, here referring to the middle of the ventilation channel 2's depth direction). The valve cavity 3 can be understood as a cavity structure that allows the valve core 4 to move. It is part of the ventilation channel 2, but the valve cavity 3 divides a complete ventilation channel 2 into two parts (two single-sided ventilation ducts), namely a front ventilation duct and a rear ventilation duct. For ease of structural description, the opening structure connecting the valve cavity 3 and the ventilation channel 2 is defined as the valve cavity air outlet. This invention includes a valve core 4 within the valve cavity 3. The length of the valve core 4 is greater than the width of the ventilation channel 2 (the axial direction of the valve core 4 is the same as the width direction of the ventilation channel 2). This allows the valve core 4 to effectively block the air inlet of the valve cavity, thus sealing the ventilation channel 2. The valve core 4 can move elastically along the airflow direction, blocking the air inlet of the valve cavity in front of it to cut off the airflow in the ventilation channel 2.

[0035] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the valve body 1 is assembled from multiple metal components. Specifically, the valve body 1 includes an upper valve body plate 1a and a lower valve body plate 1b. In actual use, the upper valve body plate 1a is located above the lower valve body plate 1b, and the surfaces facing each other between the upper valve body plate 1a and the lower valve body plate 1b are flat. This allows for stable and smooth airflow under normal conditions (non-explosive shock wave impact). The upper valve body plate 1a and the lower valve body plate 1b are spaced vertically to form a single-sided ventilation duct structure. There are two single-sided ventilation duct structures (specifically, one upper valve body plate 1a and one corresponding lower valve body plate 1b). The two single-sided ventilation duct structures are spaced back and forth (the back and forth spacing refers to the back and forth spacing in the depth direction of the ventilation channel 2) and form a valve cavity 3. The two single-sided ventilation duct structures form a complete ventilation channel 2. The valve core 4 is disposed between the two single-sided ventilation duct structures and can abut against the front or rear single-sided ventilation duct structure to cut off the airflow of the ventilation channel 2.

[0036] In this invention, the valve core 4 is a long, straight, round rod structure (a circular hollow metal tube) located in the ventilation channel 2. Its surface has a streamlined structure. Preferably, the portion of the valve core 4 located in the ventilation channel 2 has a cylindrical structure. This design, with the valve core 4 positioned within the valve cavity 3, minimizes interference with the normal airflow. Furthermore, in the event of an explosion, the impact strongly propels the valve core 4 forward, blocking the airflow opening in front of it and completing the airflow cutoff action. Once the impact subsides or weakens, the airflow returns to normal, and the valve core 4 automatically resets, allowing airflow to resume.

[0037] In the same prefabricated explosion-proof valve assembly, there are multiple valve bodies 1. The valve bodies 1 can be arranged in the vertical direction to form a parallel structure (each valve body 1 is equivalent to a valve that can cut off the airflow), or the valve bodies 1 can be arranged in the front-back direction to form a series structure (two or more valve bodies 1 connected in series together complete the conduction or cut-off of the airflow).

[0038] Furthermore, in the parallel structure of valve body 1, multiple valve bodies 1 are arranged vertically, with adjacent valve bodies 1 spaced apart (the spacing ensures smooth operation of valve core 4). A sealing plate 5 is provided between adjacent valve bodies 1 to seal the gap between them. The sealing plate 5, together with the lower valve body plate 1b of the previous valve body 1 and the upper valve body plate 1a of the next valve body 1, forms an integral structure (the whole is a plate component with a U-shaped cross section).

[0039] In this invention, the component unit includes a valve body 1 and a valve core 4. To achieve the assembly of the valve body 1 and the valve core 4, the invention also provides a corresponding frame structure. This frame structure allows a component unit to form a complete ventilation assembly. For example, the invention has two end plates 6 along the axial direction of the valve core 4. The end plates 6 are made of metal sheet components. The valve body 1 is fixedly mounted on the end plates 6, and the valve core 4 is movably mounted on the end plates 6 (sliding holes 7 are provided on the end plates 6, and the ends of the valve core 4 are slidably installed in the sliding holes 7). Of course, the invention can also provide some limiting devices or limiting structures to limit the movement of the valve core 4. Sliding holes 7 are provided on both end plates 6. The sliding holes 7 are long straight holes, and the width (or height) of the sliding holes 7 is the same as the width (or diameter) of the end of the valve core 4 (so that the valve core 4 cannot move up and down). At the same time, the sliding holes 7 also have a certain length (i.e., the depth direction of the ventilation channel 2 on the valve body 1) to allow the valve core 4 to achieve a complete sliding (a complete sliding means that the valve core 4 can block the valve cavity air opening in front of it when it moves forward, and block the valve cavity air opening behind it when it moves backward). The end of the valve core 4 is movably set in the sliding holes 7. In this invention, the end of the valve core 4 can be circular or rectangular.

[0040] In this invention, the valve core 4 is elastically and movably mounted on the valve body 1 via an elastic component 8, which has the following three structures:

[0041] Structure 1: The elastic component 8 includes a main shaft (long straight shaft), and a shaft hole is provided at the end of the valve core 4. The axis of the main shaft is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the valve core 4. The valve core 4 is assembled on the main shaft through the shaft hole. There are two main shafts, which are respectively set at both ends of the valve core 4. A spring is sleeved on the main shaft. There are two springs on a single main shaft. The springs are respectively set at both ends of the outer side of the valve core 4. One end of the spring is fixed and the other end of the spring is in elastic contact with the outer side of the valve core 4.

[0042] Structure 2, the elastic component 8 includes a main shaft (long straight shaft), and a shaft hole is provided at the end of the valve core 4. The axis of the main shaft is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the valve core 4. The valve core 4 is assembled on the main shaft through the shaft hole. There are two main shafts, which are respectively set at both ends of the valve core 4. Springs are sleeved on the main shafts. There are two springs on a single main shaft. Both springs are set inside the valve core 4 and abut against the inner side of the valve core 4. One end of the spring is fixedly set, and the other end of the spring is in elastic contact with the inner side of the valve core 4.

[0043] Structure 3, the elastic component 8 includes a U-shaped spring. One side of the U-shaped spring is a fixed side, and a fixed post is provided at the bend of the U-shaped spring. The fixed side is fixed relative to the valve body 1. The other side of the U-shaped spring is an elastic movable side. The elastic range of motion of the elastic movable side is not less than the movement limit of the valve core 4 (i.e., the movement limit of the valve core 4 on one side). The elastic movable side abuts against the valve core 4. For one valve core 4, two U-shaped springs are provided at the same end of the valve core 4, which provide elastic resistance to the forward and backward movement of the valve core 4 (or provide a reset elastic force to the valve core 4).

[0044] The invention also includes upper and lower end plates 9 (the upper end plate is a cover plate, and the lower end plate is a base). The upper and lower end plates 9 are fixedly installed with the side end plates 6 to form an outer frame of the component unit. At least one valve body 1 is installed within the outer frame of the component unit. The assembled explosion-proof valve assembly includes at least one set of component units. The gantry-type assembled bidirectional explosion-proof valve includes a door leaf with a ventilation opening. The number of assembled explosion-proof valve components is adjustable on the ventilation opening. The assembled explosion-proof valve components are installed on the door leaf via a valve body 1 mounting bracket. The gantry-type assembled bidirectional explosion-proof valve includes a door frame, and the door leaf is hinged to the door frame. A conductive sealing structure is provided on the door frame, and the door leaf is airtightly closed to the door frame through the conductive sealing structure. When the assembled explosion-proof valve assembly includes multiple sets of component units, each component unit can form an air passage. The invention adopts a multi-air passage design, which effectively reduces the mass of the valve core 4, effectively reduces the closing time of the valve core 4, and improves the wave attenuation rate. The valve core 4 has a tubular structure and low mass, which ensures that the valve can be activated under relatively low shock wave overpressure. Reducing the mass of the valve core 4 and controlling its movement stroke can effectively control the impact force and improve the design resistance.

[0045] The door panel is equipped with component units, each with a metal waveguide window on its wave-facing surface. Furthermore, the metal waveguide window is provided for all component units (i.e., the metal waveguide window can cover the entire ventilation opening of the door panel), thus enhancing the electromagnetic shielding function of the invention. Additionally, the invention can also include an electrically operated airtight door on the door panel for electrically closing the ventilation opening.

[0046] As described above, this invention provides a gate-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding valve. This gate-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding valve includes: a prefabricated blast-proof valve assembly, which includes a component unit. The component unit includes a valve body 1, a ventilation channel 2, and a valve cavity 3 in the middle of the ventilation channel 2. The opening of the valve cavity 3 communicating with the ventilation channel 2 is a valve cavity air outlet. A valve core 4 is disposed within the valve cavity 3. The valve core 4 is elastically movable along the airflow direction and can block the valve cavity air outlet in front of it along the airflow direction to achieve airflow cutoff in the ventilation channel 2. This invention develops and provides a novel prefabricated blast-proof valve. This blast-proof valve adopts a completely new wave-damping structure, which has significant performance advantages in wave-damping performance while ensuring ventilation performance. Through comparative tests on the resistance and wave-damping performance under simulated nuclear explosion shock waves, the ZH200(5) product under nuclear level 5 resistance, compared with the existing swing valve HK200(5), can increase the pressure peak wave-damping rate from 39.2% to 91% and the energy wave-damping rate from 84.1% to 97.2%. Under these technical indicators, the diffusion chamber or wave-damping chamber can be eliminated, and the residual pressure after wave-damping by the equipment directly meets the protection requirements of the equipment and personnel. Through testing, the equivalent ventilation diameter of one of the products of this invention is 195mm, and its ventilation local resistance coefficient is 3.5, which is better than the local resistance coefficient of the hose valve (6.46) and the local resistance coefficient of HK200(5) (4.08). Its ventilation area to installation area ratio is 28.7%, which is better than the hose valve (19.5%) and close to the HK200(5) (31.2%). In addition, this invention relies on shock wave closure and spring device reset in principle, and can be installed at any angle. Compared to swing gates that rely on gravity for reset and can only be installed vertically, this invention offers better reliability and applicability. The invention employs an all-metal structure, which, compared to the sealing strips of hoses and swing gates, eliminates the problems of aging and high-temperature resistance, achieving maintenance-free operation throughout its service life. Its modular, assembly-type design allows for convenient sealing and gate-style installation without requiring processing or drilling into the protective door; only the appropriate installation space needs to be reserved. Furthermore, the gate module has load-bearing capacity, eliminating the need for reinforcement design after drilling. It can be directly embedded into the protective door, with no obvious protrusions on the door surface after installation, which can reduce the corresponding civil engineering dimensions to a certain extent.

[0047] This invention provides a gate-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielded door. This gate-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielded door (hereinafter referred to as the shielded door) adopts a gate structure, similar to a traditional door leaf structure, allowing for swing-opening or vertical opening and closing to achieve the opening or closing of building entrance structures. This structure differs significantly from traditional swing-type and hose-type doors, which are fixed installations and cannot allow for the opening of building entrance structures. The prefabricated type specifically refers to the component units installed on the shielded door being assembled onto the door leaf, offering flexible installation methods and adjustable quantities. Specifically, the shielded door provided by this invention includes a door leaf and component units. The door leaf is made of stainless steel plate, and the internal cavity of the door leaf is filled with a hard-pressed mineral wool core. This invention also includes a door frame and a threshold, both made of hollow stainless steel. The door frame and threshold can be welded from stainless steel components or assembled using other methods (such as bolt connections). They can be installed onto the building's entrance structure via embedding, screwing, or anchoring. A conductive sealing structure is provided on the door frame, threshold, or building entrance structure to reduce electromagnetic waves. A strong handle (which can be on one side of the door or one on each side) is provided on the door leaf of the shielded door to pull the door away from the door frame. The suction force is adjustable to ensure optimal seal compression. The conductive sealing structure has two functions: 1. sealing, 2. conductivity. In this invention, the conductive sealing structure includes conductive rubber, which is a rubber component with sealing function filled with fine conductive particles. The conductive rubber uses silicone rubber or fluorinated silicone rubber as an adhesive and pure silver, silver-plated aluminum, silver-plated copper, or silver-plated glass as fillers, and is then manufactured into a strip structure with a specific cross-sectional shape according to the design. Conductive rubber possesses excellent pressure and steam sealing properties, and exhibits significant electromagnetic wave attenuation at higher frequencies, making it an ideal gasket material. Furthermore, the conductive sealing structure also includes a conductive fabric layer. This layer is made from synthetic fiber fabric as the base material, plated with copper or nickel to create a flexible, conductive material with good shielding effectiveness against high frequencies and microwaves. This invention can use conductive rubber alone as the conductive sealing structure, or it can be combined with conductive fabric (conductive fabric layer) to form an absorption-shielding composite structure. The shielding effectiveness is 30-50 dB in the 30MHz~1GHz range, and it can be used as additional shielding protection for connectors or cables. To ensure the integrity and robustness of the shielding, conductive adhesive is commonly used to bond the joint surfaces at gaps, suitable for permanent sealing. This method is particularly effective below 1GHz, preventing conductive gasket slippage and improving shielding effectiveness.

[0048] The component units (and their mounting frames, etc.) on the door panel of this invention are made of metal, resulting in high structural strength and a certain degree of shielding. When used in conjunction with a metal waveguide window, the door panel provided by this invention maintains high shielding effectiveness even in the microwave band, while also exhibiting high mechanical strength and stable, reliable operation. The working principle of this invention is as follows: when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is lower than the waveguide cutoff frequency of the metal waveguide window, the electromagnetic wave propagating in the waveguide will attenuate rapidly, effectively suppressing electromagnetic wave leakage below the cutoff frequency. Compared with metal mesh and perforated metal plates, the cutoff waveguide ventilation hole offers significant advantages.

[0049] Electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) pose a major threat to protective engineering projects, and building openings are one of the key pathways for EMP energy to enter such projects. Therefore, developing protective equipment with EMP protection capabilities is essential to improving the overall protective capacity of engineering projects. The shielded valve provided in this invention is an opening protection device with EMP protection capabilities. When used in conjunction with other components, it basically meets the needs of engineering construction. Combining research findings on electrical sealing measures, this invention proposes a scientific, practical, and simple EMP protection device: a gate-type, assembled, bidirectional clipping blast wave shielded valve, along with its manufacturing and installation methods.

[0050] This invention provides a novel gantry-type prefabricated, bidirectional wave-clipping explosion-proof shielded door, meeting the requirement of existing protective engineering shielded room ventilation openings to also provide electromagnetic pulse (EMP) protection. This gantry-type prefabricated, bidirectional wave-clipping explosion-proof shielded door employs a completely new wave-damping structure, exhibiting significant performance advantages in wave-damping while ensuring ventilation performance, and possessing high wave-damping efficiency. By installing ventilation stop waveguide windows and the gantry-type prefabricated, bidirectional wave-clipping explosion-proof shielded door at the air inlet and outlet, the EMP protection performance is reliable, the structure is reasonable, and it is easy to promote.

[0051] The design requirements for the shielded valve provided by this invention are as follows:

[0052] 1. The equipment layout dimensions meet the relevant dimensional requirements of RFJ01-2008 hose-type explosion-proof wave valve;

[0053] 2. Shielding and ventilation protection functions, air volume requirement ≥22000m³ / h 3 / h;

[0054] 3. The shielding measures for the door frame and door leaf are conductive rubber sheets, and the shielding measures for the rear of the door are ventilated waveguides;

[0055] 4. The door leaf is equipped with a safety positioning device. This device is required for normally open door leaves, but not for normally closed door leaves.

[0056] For the structural design of metal waveguide windows, wire mesh and perforated metal mesh are only suitable for applications with incident frequencies below 100 MHz and low shielding effectiveness requirements. However, in this invention, the cutoff waveguide ventilation hole has wide applicability, high shielding effectiveness, a wide operating frequency band, and high shielding effectiveness even in the microwave band. It also boasts high mechanical strength and stable, reliable operation. The working principle of the cutoff waveguide is as follows: when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is lower than the waveguide cutoff frequency, the electromagnetic wave propagating in the waveguide will attenuate rapidly, effectively suppressing electromagnetic wave leakage below the cutoff frequency. Compared with wire mesh and perforated metal plates, the cutoff waveguide ventilation hole has significant advantages. When selecting shielding materials, steel plates, galvanized iron sheets, steel mesh, and reinforcing mesh can be used. For high shielding levels, materials with good shielding effectiveness should be selected. When using steel plates for the shielding body, the joints between the steel plates should be welded or crimped to avoid forming holes or gaps that reduce shielding effectiveness. When testing shielding effectiveness, the welds or assembly joints between the steel plates should be measured with particular attention. When using thin galvanized steel sheets such as sheet metal for the shielding, a wall-mounted design is recommended. Joints should overlap by 50mm before soldering, and corrosive solders should be avoided. When using expanded metal mesh for the shielding, the mesh can overlap by 50mm, be crimped, and spot-welded, with a weld spacing of no more than 0.1m. When using reinforced steel mesh, it must meet structural strength requirements and preferably use fine steel bars with a dense mesh. All steel bar joints should be welded or cold-extruded, forming steel rings on each cross-section of the mesh. Steel bar intersections should be welded or commercially available welded steel mesh should be used. For shielding structures composed of single or multiple layers of ribbed steel mesh, steel bars, pipes, or other metal conductors without electrical connection to the mesh should be prevented from passing through the shielding.

[0057] When designing a shielded room, the door used must be a shielded door, and ideally, only one door should be used. The shielding effectiveness of the shielded door should be consistent with that of the shielding body and should not be lower than the design requirements. If the shielding body is made of non-solid metal materials such as steel mesh or expanded metal mesh, the door frame should be welded to the surrounding steel mesh or expanded metal mesh. The air inlet and outlet on the shielding body also need to be designed as shielded door structures. Furthermore, metal waveguide windows or ventilation windows composed of multiple layers of fine expanded metal mesh should be installed at the air outlets. The shielding effectiveness of the cutoff waveguide windows or expanded metal mesh ventilation windows should be consistent with that of the shielding body and should not be lower than the design requirements. This invention uses a honeycomb cutoff waveguide ventilation panel (metal waveguide window), mainly applied to the ventilation openings of electromagnetic shielding facilities. It has a good dual function of shielding and ventilation. Different materials, coatings, and shapes can be selected according to different applications and environments. The honeycomb cutoff waveguide ventilation panel is mainly applied to the ventilation openings of electromagnetic shielding facilities, having a good dual function of shielding and ventilation. Different materials, coatings, and shapes can be selected according to different applications and environments.

[0058] Construction instructions for shielded rooms: Class I Shielded Room: Shielding Body: Six sides use a galvanized rectangular tube intermittently welded frame; the top and four walls use 2mm galvanized steel plates for the shielding layer; the bottom uses 3mm galvanized steel plates for the shielding layer, and the steel plates must be fully welded. Accessories: Both high-voltage and low-voltage power lines must pass through filters; ventilation cut-off waveguide windows and electric shielded doors are installed at the air inlet and outlet. Class II Shielded Room: The top and four walls of the shielding body are entirely lined with galvanized steel plates (or sheet metal), and the bottom is welded with 3mm galvanized steel plates; both high-voltage and low-voltage power lines must pass through filters; ventilation cut-off waveguide windows are installed at the air inlet and outlet; the shielded door is a simple shielded door with beryllium bronze spring-loaded hinges. For other rooms requiring similar construction, Class II shielded rooms can refer to the methods used for Class I shielded rooms. Class III Shielding: The longitudinal and transverse steel bars of the entire foundation slab, side walls, and inner and outer layers of the top slab must be welded continuously to form closed loops (similar to a Faraday cage). The underground structure is a complete hexahedral reinforced concrete mesh structure, with staggered mesh nodes on the exterior walls (0.5-1 meter intervals). Grounding system: The grounding electrode and grounding busbar form a radial horizontal junction to the central grounding electrode; the grounding resistance must be less than 0.5Ω. Shielded room interior: The floor is a raised anti-static floor; the ceiling is a perforated aluminum panel; the walls are made of color steel plate or aluminum composite panel. Indoor electrical systems include: power distribution boxes, communication distribution boxes, grille lights, wall switches, etc. Note: For underground civil defense projects, key aspects such as moisture-proofing, corrosion prevention, grounding, and ventilation must be carefully considered.

[0059] The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional shock wave damming and explosion-proof shielding door provided by this invention, through the above-described structural design, has at least the following structural advantages: 1. It can withstand shock waves in both directions, and the resistance level in both directions is not lower than that of nuclear and conventional nuclear power; 2. Under the design resistance, the residual pressure after shock wave damming by the damming system is not greater than 0.03MPa; 3. The equipment has good durability, and key components are maintenance-free during their lifespan; 4. The base material is resistant to high temperatures, with a temperature resistance of ≥300℃; 5. The damming system is modular and standardized, and can be assembled; 6. It is not gravity-sensitive and can be installed at any angle; 7. It has good ventilation performance, meeting the start-up wind pressure and ventilation volume requirements of the project.

[0060] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A door-type assembled two-way wave-absorbing blast wave shielding active door, characterized by, include: The assembled explosion-proof wave valve assembly includes a component unit, the component unit includes a valve body (1), the valve body is provided with a ventilation channel (2), a valve cavity (3) is provided in the middle of the ventilation channel, the opening structure of the valve cavity communicating with the ventilation channel is a valve cavity air outlet, a valve core (4) is provided in the valve cavity, the valve core can move elastically along the airflow direction, the valve core can block the valve cavity air outlet in front of it along the airflow direction to achieve the airflow cut-off of the ventilation channel; The door leaf is equipped with component units, and its wave-facing surface is equipped with metal waveguide windows. The metal waveguide windows are set for all component units, that is, the metal waveguide windows can cover the entire ventilation opening of the door leaf. The metal waveguide windows can improve the electromagnetic shielding function. The component units and their mounting frames on the door panel are made of metal and have a certain shielding function. When used with metal waveguide windows, the door panel can still have high shielding effectiveness even in the microwave band. When the frequency of electromagnetic waves is lower than the waveguide cutoff frequency of the metal waveguide window, the electromagnetic waves propagating in the waveguide will attenuate quickly, which effectively suppresses electromagnetic wave leakage below the cutoff frequency.

2. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body includes an upper valve body plate (1a) and a lower valve body plate (1b). The upper valve body plate and the lower valve body plate are spaced apart vertically to form a single-sided ventilation duct structure. There are two single-sided ventilation duct structures, which are spaced apart front to back. The valve core is disposed between the two single-sided ventilation duct structures and can abut against the front or rear single-sided ventilation duct structure to achieve airflow cutoff of the ventilation channel.

3. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the same assembled explosion-proof valve assembly, multiple valve bodies are provided. The valve bodies can be arranged in the vertical direction to form a parallel structure, or the valve bodies can be arranged in the front-to-back direction to form a series structure.

4. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the parallel structure of the valve bodies, adjacent valve bodies are spaced apart, and a sealing plate (5) is provided between adjacent valve bodies to close the gap between them.

5. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two end plates (6) are provided along the axial direction of the valve core. The valve body is fixedly provided on the two end plates, and the valve core is movably provided on the two end plates.

6. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 5, characterized in that, Sliding holes (7) are provided on both end plates, and the end of the valve core is movably disposed in the sliding holes.

7. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 5, characterized in that, The valve core is elastically and movably mounted on the valve body via an elastic component (8); The elastic component includes a main shaft, and the valve core has a shaft hole at its end. The valve core is assembled onto the main shaft through the shaft hole. A spring is sleeved on the main shaft, and the spring is located at both ends of the outer side of the valve core. The spring is in elastic contact with the valve core. Alternatively, the elastic component includes a main shaft, the end of the valve core is provided with a shaft hole, the valve core is assembled on the main shaft through the shaft hole, a spring is sleeved on the main shaft, the spring is fixedly disposed relative to the main shaft, the spring is located inside the valve core and can elastically contact the inner sidewall of the valve core; Alternatively, the elastic component includes a U-shaped spring, one side of which is a fixed side, which is fixedly disposed relative to the valve body, and the other side of which is an elastically movable side, the elastic range of motion of which is not less than the movement limit of the valve core, and the elastically movable side abuts against the valve core.

8. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes upper and lower end plates (9), the upper and lower end plates are fixedly arranged with the two side end plates and form an outer frame of the component unit, and at least one valve body is provided in the outer frame of the component unit; The assembled explosion-proof wave valve assembly includes at least one set of component units.

9. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gantry-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding valve includes a door leaf with a ventilation opening. The number of prefabricated blast-proof valve components is adjustable on the ventilation opening, and the prefabricated blast-proof valve components are mounted on the door leaf via a valve body mounting bracket.

10. The portal-type prefabricated bidirectional wave-damping and explosion-proof shielding door according to claim 9, characterized in that, The portal-type assembled bidirectional wave-damping and blast-proof shielding door includes a door frame, and the door leaf is hinged to the door frame; A conductive sealing structure is provided on the door frame, and the door leaf is airtightly closed with the door frame through the conductive sealing structure.

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