A new cylindrical sodium-ion battery

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of sodium ion batteries, and in particular, relates to a novel cylindrical sodium ion battery. It comprises a shell, the shell is provided with two symmetrically distributed electrodes, the shell is provided with a first cavity uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, a sliding plate is slidably connected in the first cavity, a cylindrical battery cell is arranged in the first cavity, the cylindrical battery cell is squeezed and matched with the adjacent sliding plate, a cover plate is arranged on the lower side of the first cavity, the cover plate is squeezed and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery cell, the cover plate is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed limit pins, and a symmetrically distributed metal block is arranged in the first cavity. The present invention connects the cylindrical battery cells uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction separately, so that when one of the cylindrical battery cells accidentally catches fire, the burning cylindrical battery cell is separated from the adjacent first cavity, and the other cylindrical battery cells are protected to avoid the spread of fire and cause greater economic losses and safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention complies with the technical field of sodium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a novel cylindrical sodium ion battery. Background Art

[0002] Sodium-ion batteries are secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries) that use sodium ions (Na+) to move between positive and negative electrodes to store and release electrical energy. Compared with the widely used lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have the following characteristics and advantages: abundant sodium reserves, low cost, better environmental adaptability and greater safety. Sodium-ion batteries are similar to lithium-ion batteries in use. They all use multiple cylindrical cells in series or parallel to form a battery pack for use. However, in a battery pack composed in this way, when a cell has a problem, the battery pack needs to be disassembled and the problematic cell replaced. This process is complicated and costly. If a cell catches fire due to puncture or other reasons, it will ignite other nearby cells. This will spread from one to ten, and from ten to a hundred, causing greater economic losses and safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a novel cylindrical sodium ion battery.

[0004] The technical solution is: a novel cylindrical sodium ion battery, comprising a shell, the shell is provided with two symmetrically distributed electrodes, the shell is provided with a first cavity uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, a sliding plate is slidably connected in the first cavity, a spring is provided between the upper side of the sliding plate and the shell, a cylindrical battery cell is provided in the first cavity, the cylindrical battery cell is extruded and matched with the adjacent sliding plate, a cover plate is provided on the lower side of the first cavity, the cover plate is extruded and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery cell, the cover plate is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed limit pins, a spring is provided between the limit pin and the adjacent cover plate, the limit pin is limitedly matched with the shell, symmetrically distributed metal blocks are provided in the first cavity, and the metal blocks in different first cavities are connected in pairs and finally connected to the two electrodes of the shell.

[0005] More preferably, the sliding plate is provided with two symmetrically distributed metal strips, the two metal strips of the sliding plate are respectively in contact with and cooperate with adjacent electrodes on adjacent metal blocks and adjacent cylindrical battery cells, and the sliding plate is made of insulating material.

[0006] More preferably, the shell is provided with a second cavity which is symmetrical and evenly distributed circumferentially, an unlocking column is slidably connected in the second cavity, a tension spring is provided between the unlocking column and the shell, the unlocking column is squeezed and fitted with the adjacent limit pin, the shell is provided with a third cavity which is evenly distributed circumferentially, the third cavity is filled with thermal expansion gas, and the symmetrically distributed second cavities are all connected to the adjacent third cavities.

[0007] More preferably, a side of the third cavity close to the adjacent first cavity is made of heat-conducting material for sensing the temperature in the adjacent first cavity.

[0008] More preferably, it also includes a symmetrical and circumferentially evenly distributed limiter, the shell is provided with a symmetrical and circumferentially evenly distributed fourth cavity, the limiter is slidably connected in the adjacent fourth cavity, a tension spring is provided between the limiter and the shell, the limiter penetrates the side of the adjacent fourth cavity close to the adjacent first cavity, the side of the fourth cavity close to the adjacent first cavity is connected to the adjacent third cavity, and the limiter cooperates with the adjacent sliding plate to limit.

[0009] More preferably, the shell is slidably connected with a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed U-shaped rod, the U-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the side of the adjacent limit member away from the adjacent cylindrical battery core, the shell is provided with a circumferentially uniformly distributed fifth cavity and a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed channel, the channel is connected with the adjacent first cavity, the fifth cavity is filled with flame-retardant gas, the symmetrically distributed channels are all connected with the adjacent fifth cavity, the U-shaped rod is slidably matched with the adjacent channels, and the U-shaped rod is used to seal the connection between the adjacent channel and the adjacent fifth cavity.

[0010] More preferably, the sliding plate is squeezed and fitted with the adjacent spring but not fixedly connected, so that the sliding plate can remove impurities on the inner wall of the adjacent first cavity.

[0011] More preferably, the flame-retardant gas is liquid nitrogen, and the connection point between the channel and the adjacent first cavity is located at the upper part of the first cavity.

[0012] More preferably, it also includes sliding rods evenly distributed circumferentially, the sliding rods evenly distributed circumferentially are all slidably connected to the shell, the sliding rods penetrate the shell and the adjacent sliding plates, the sliding rods are squeezed and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery cells, the sliding rods are fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is located in the adjacent first cavity, symmetrically distributed springs are arranged between the upper side of the connecting plate and the shell, and the symmetrically distributed metal blocks are all in contact and matched with the adjacent connecting plates.

[0013] More preferably, the outer side of the shell is rotatably connected to a limiting frame, and the sliding rod is provided with a groove that cooperates with the limiting frame.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention connects the cylindrical battery cells evenly distributed in the circumference separately, so that when one of the cylindrical battery cells accidentally catches fire, the thermal expansion gas is used for monitoring, thereby separating the burning cylindrical battery cell from the adjacent first cavity, protecting the other cylindrical battery cells, and preventing the fire from spreading and causing greater economic losses and safety hazards.

[0015] When a cylindrical battery cell catches fire, the sliding plate is moved downward to scrape off the electrolyte attached to the inner wall of the adjacent first cavity, thereby preventing the electrolyte from continuing to react and generate heat on the inner wall of the first cavity, thereby ensuring the safety of other cylindrical battery cells.

[0016] When the cylindrical battery cell catches fire, the inert gas in the fifth cavity is released to extinguish the fire, and nitrogen is selected as the inert gas so that the nitrogen can fill the adjacent first cavity to improve the fire extinguishing effect.

[0017] When a cylindrical battery cell catches fire, the connecting plate connects two adjacent metal blocks to maintain circuit connectivity, allowing the electric car or electric bicycle to drive away from the location of the burning cylindrical battery cell, preventing the burning cylindrical battery cell from igniting other cylindrical battery cells, thereby avoiding causing greater economic losses and safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the cover plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0022] The reference numbers in the figure are: 1. shell, 101. first cavity, 102. second cavity, 103. third cavity, 104. fourth cavity, 105. fifth cavity, 106. channel, 2. sliding plate, 3. cylindrical battery cell, 4. cover plate, 5. limit pin, 6. metal block, 7. unlocking column, 8. limit piece, 9. U-shaped rod, 10. sliding rod, 11. connecting plate, 12. limit frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In summary, the present invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments. Any equivalent substitution or partial improvement made under the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be deemed to be within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Existing battery packs connect several battery cells by welding, so when one of the battery cells catches fire, the other battery cells will also be ignited, causing greater economic losses and safety hazards.

[0025] Example 1: A new cylindrical sodium ion battery, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it includes a shell 1, and two electrodes symmetrically distributed front and back are arranged on the left side of the shell 1. The electrodes are used to connect with the electrical appliance to form a loop power supply. The shell 1 is provided with four cylindrical first cavities 101 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The upper part of the first cavity 101 is slidably connected with a sliding plate 2. A spring is arranged between the upper side of the sliding plate 2 and the shell 1. The spring is initially in a compressed state and is used to make the cylindrical battery core 3 eject faster after catching fire. The cylindrical battery core 3 is arranged in the first cavity 101, and the upper side of the cylindrical battery core 3 is provided with Two electrodes, both electrodes of the cylindrical battery cell 3 are squeezed and matched with the lower side of the adjacent sliding plate 2, a cover plate 4 is provided on the lower side of the first cavity 101, the cover plate 4 is squeezed and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery cell 3, the cover plate 4 holds the adjacent cylindrical battery cell 3 so that the cylindrical battery cell 3 contacts the adjacent sliding plate 2, the cover plate 4 is slidably connected with two symmetrically distributed limit pins 5, the limit pin 5 is provided with an upward inclined surface on the side away from the adjacent cover plate 4, the inclined surface is squeezed and matched with the shell 1, when the shell 1 squeezes the inclined surface, the limit pin 5 is moved into the adjacent cover plate 4 Movement, a spring is arranged between the limit pin 5 and the adjacent cover plate 4, and the spring is used to reset the adjacent limit pin 5, and the lower side of the limit pin 5 is limitedly matched with the shell 1. When the lower side of the limit pin 5 contacts the shell 1, the adjacent cover plate 4 cannot move downward, and two symmetrically distributed metal blocks 6 are arranged in the first cavity 101, wherein the metal block 6 connected to the positive electrode of the cylindrical battery cell 3 in one of the first cavities 101 is connected to the metal block 6 connected to the negative electrode of the cylindrical battery cell 3 in another adjacent first cavity 101, so that the four cylindrical battery cells 3 form a loop, at this time, one of the connections is disconnected and connected to the two electrodes of the shell 1, and then a loop is formed when the electrical appliance is connected to the two electrodes of the shell 1, and the sliding plate 2 is provided with two symmetrically distributed metal strips, which are used to connect the adjacent metal blocks 6 and the adjacent electrodes on the adjacent cylindrical battery cells 3, and the two adjacent metal strips do not contact, thereby avoiding short circuit, and the two metal strips of the sliding plate 2 are respectively in contact with the adjacent metal blocks 6 and the adjacent electrodes on the adjacent cylindrical battery cells 3, and the sliding plate 2 is made of insulating material.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the shell 1 is provided with eight second cavities 102 which are symmetrical and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and an unlocking column 7 is slidably connected in the second cavity 102, and a tension spring is provided between the unlocking column 7 and the shell 1, and the tension spring is used to reset the adjacent unlocking column 7, and the unlocking column 7 is squeezed and matched with the adjacent limit pin 5. When the unlocking column 7 moves in the direction away from the adjacent second cavity 102, the unlocking column 7 pushes the adjacent limit pin 5 to move, so that the limit pin 5 is separated from the shell 1, and the shell 1 is provided with four annular third cavities 103 which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the third cavity 103 is filled with thermal expansion gas, and the thermal expansion gas is used to monitor the temperature in the adjacent first cavity 101, and the side of the third cavity 103 close to the adjacent first cavity 101 is a heat-conducting material, which is used to make the thermal expansion gas sense the temperature in the adjacent first cavity 101 more accurately, and the two adjacent second cavities 102 are both connected to the adjacent third cavity 103.

[0027] When using the device, first install the device in an electric car or an electric bicycle. When the device is in use, if the cylindrical battery cell 3 catches fire due to overheating or puncture, the temperature in the adjacent first cavity 101 rises rapidly, and the high temperature is transferred to the hot expanding gas in the adjacent third cavity 103 through the heat conductive material. The hot expanding gas expands due to the heat and enters the two adjacent second cavities 102, and then pushes the adjacent unlocking columns 7 to move toward each other and stretches the adjacent tension springs. When the unlocking columns 7 move, they push the adjacent limit pins 5 to move, and the limit pins 5 compress the adjacent springs. When the two adjacent limit pins 5 are separated from the shell 1, the sliding plate 2 moves downward under the action of the adjacent springs. When the sliding plate 2 moves, it pushes the adjacent cylindrical battery cell 3 to move downward. The cylindrical battery cell 3 pushes the adjacent cover plate 4 to move downward. At this time, the cylindrical battery cell 3 and the cover plate 4 lose the support of the two adjacent limit pins 5, and the cylindrical battery cell 3 and the cover plate 4 move downward to separate from the shell 1, thereby preventing the cylindrical battery cell 3 from catching fire and igniting other cylindrical battery cells 3.

[0028] When the cylindrical battery cell 3 that caught fire is discharged from the adjacent first cavity 101 and the temperature in the first cavity 101 returns to normal, the temperature of the thermal expansion gas in the third cavity 103 decreases and contracts, and the two adjacent unlocking columns 7 are reset under the action of the adjacent tension springs. A new cylindrical battery cell 3 is taken for installation, and the two electrodes of the cylindrical battery cell 3 are respectively aligned with the two metal strips on the adjacent sliding plate 2. Then a new cover plate 4 is taken or the old cover plate 4 is recycled, and the cover plate 4 is used to hold the adjacent cylindrical battery cell 3 and move the cover plate 4 upward. The cover plate 4 pushes The adjacent cylindrical battery core 3 is driven to move upward, the cylindrical battery core 3 contacts the adjacent sliding plate 2 and pushes the sliding plate 2 to move upward, the sliding plate 2 moves upward to compress the adjacent spring, the cover plate 4 drives the two adjacent limit pins 5 to move upward until they contact the shell 1, the shell 1 squeezes the limit pins 5, the two limit pins 5 move toward each other and compress the adjacent springs, when the sliding plate 2 contacts the two adjacent metal blocks 6, the two limit pins 5 on the cover plate 4 cooperate with the shell 1 under the action of the adjacent springs to lock the cover plate 4, and the new cylindrical battery core 3 is now replaced.

[0029] When a battery cell is damaged and catches fire due to puncture or other reasons, the electrolyte in the battery cell will flow out and attach to nearby devices to dissipate heat. If not handled in time, it will cause adjacent battery cells to catch fire.

[0030] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed stopper 8, the stopper 8 is composed of a disk and a cylinder, the cylindrical part of the stopper 8 is provided with a downward inclined surface on the side away from the disk part, the shell 1 is provided with eight symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed fourth cavities 104, the disk part of the stopper 8 is slidably connected to the adjacent fourth cavity 104, a tension spring is provided between the side of the disk part of the stopper 8 close to the cylindrical part and the shell 1, the tension spring is used to reset the adjacent stopper 8, the cylindrical part of the stopper 8 penetrates the side of the adjacent fourth cavity 104 close to the adjacent first cavity 101, and the fourth cavity 104 The side close to the adjacent first cavity 101 is connected to the adjacent third cavity 103. When the thermally expanding gas in the third cavity 103 expands and enters the adjacent fourth cavity 104, the thermally expanding gas pushes the adjacent limiting member 8 to move in the direction away from the adjacent first cavity 101. The limiting member 8 is limitedly matched with the adjacent sliding plate 2. When the cylindrical battery cell 3 is replaced for reasons other than fire, the adjacent sliding plate 2 moves downward until it contacts the adjacent limiting member 8 and then stops moving. The sliding plate 2 is squeezed and matched with the adjacent spring but is not fixedly connected, so as to enable the sliding plate 2 to remove impurities on the inner wall of the adjacent first cavity 101.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the housing 1 is slidably connected with eight U-shaped rods 9 which are symmetrical and evenly distributed circumferentially. The U-shaped rod 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the disc portion of the adjacent limiter 8 away from the adjacent cylindrical battery core 3. The housing 1 is provided with four fifth cavities 105 evenly distributed circumferentially and eight channels 106 symmetrical and evenly distributed circumferentially. The channel 106 is connected to the adjacent first cavity 101. The fifth cavity 105 is filled with a flame-retardant gas, which is used to extinguish the fire in the adjacent first cavity 101. The flame-retardant gas is liquid nitrogen, and the density of nitrogen is less than that of air. After entering the adjacent first cavity 101, it will spread from top to bottom, thereby extinguishing the adjacent first cavity 101. The air in a cavity 101 is discharged to achieve a flame retardant effect. The connection between the channel 106 and the adjacent first cavity 101 is located at the upper part of the first cavity 101. The two adjacent channels 106 are both connected to the adjacent fifth cavity 105. The U-shaped rod 9 slides with the adjacent channel 106. The U-shaped rod 9 is used to block the connection between the adjacent channel 106 and the adjacent fifth cavity 105. When the U-shaped rod 9 moves with the adjacent limiting member 8, the U-shaped rod 9 releases the blockage of the connection between the adjacent channel 106 and the adjacent fifth cavity 105, so that the flame retardant gas in the fifth cavity 105 can enter the adjacent first cavity 101.

[0032] When the cylindrical battery cell 3 catches fire, the hot expanding gas in the adjacent third cavity 103 expands and enters the two adjacent fourth cavities 104, and then pushes the two adjacent limit members 8 to move in opposite directions and stretch the adjacent tension springs. When the limit members 8 move, they drive the adjacent U-shaped rod 9 to move. The U-shaped rod 9 moves to release the blockage of the connection between the adjacent fifth cavity 105 and the adjacent channel 106. At this time, the sliding plate 2 pushes the adjacent cylindrical battery cell 3 and the cover plate 4 out under the action of the adjacent springs, and the sliding plate 2 moves along the adjacent first cavity 105. 01 slides downward and separates from the housing 1. During the downward sliding of the sliding plate 2, the electrolyte sprayed out from the damaged cylindrical core 3 and attached to the inner wall of the first cavity 101 is scraped off to prevent the electrolyte from adhering to the inner wall of the first cavity 101 and continuing to react and release heat. At the same time, the liquid nitrogen in the adjacent fifth cavity 105 gradually vaporizes and blows out from the adjacent fifth cavity 105. Since the density of nitrogen is less than that of air, after the nitrogen enters the adjacent first cavity 101, it gradually diffuses from top to bottom, thereby affecting the liquid nitrogen in the first cavity 101. The fire is extinguished. When the temperature in the first cavity 101 returns to normal, the thermally expanded gas in the adjacent third cavity 103 contracts. The limiter 8 is reset under the action of the adjacent tension spring and drives the adjacent U-shaped rod 9 to reset, thereby re-blocking the connection between the adjacent fifth cavity 105 and the channel 106. Then, a new sliding plate 2 is taken or the old sliding plate 2 is recycled. When installing the cylindrical battery cell 3 and the cover plate 4, the sliding plate 2 is placed on the cylindrical battery cell 3. Then, the cylindrical battery cell 3 pushes the sliding plate 2 to move upward, and the sliding plate 2 squeezes the adjacent Two limit members 8 move back to back and stretch the adjacent tension springs. When the sliding plate 2 is separated from the two adjacent limit members 8, the limit members 8 are reset under the action of the adjacent tension springs, thereby blocking the adjacent sliding plate 2 to prevent the sliding plate 2 from detaching from the adjacent first cavity 101 during normal use. During this process, the limit members 8 transmit the adjacent U-shaped rod 9 to release part of the nitrogen in the adjacent fifth cavity 105 to fill the first cavity 101, thereby having a certain preventive effect on the fire in the first cavity 101.

[0033] When the cylindrical battery cell 3 is not replaced due to fire, the two limit pins 5 on the adjacent cover plates 4 are moved toward each other, the limit pins 5 are separated from the shell 1, and the sliding plate 2 pushes the adjacent cylindrical battery cell 3 downward under the action of the adjacent springs. The sliding plate 2 stops moving when it contacts the two adjacent limit members 8. At this time, the cylindrical battery cell 3 is detached from the adjacent first cavity 101. After the cylindrical battery cell 3 is replaced, the replaced cylindrical battery cell 3 is pushed upward by the cover plate 4. The cylindrical battery cell 3 pushes the adjacent sliding plate 2 upward and compresses the adjacent spring. When the sliding plate 2 is released from the two adjacent metal blocks 6, the cover plate 4 is re-fixed under the action of the two adjacent limit pins 5.

[0034] When one of the cells in an existing battery pack catches fire, the entire battery pack will stop working, resulting in an electric car or electric bicycle being unable to discard the burning cell and stay away from it when one of the cells in the battery catches fire.

[0035] Example 3: Based on Example 2, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it also includes four sliding rods 10 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The four sliding rods 10 are all slidably connected to the shell 1. The sliding rods 10 penetrate the upper side of the shell 1 and the middle part of the adjacent sliding plate 2. The sliding rods 10 are squeezed and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery core 3. The sliding rods 10 are fixedly connected with a connecting plate 11. The connecting plate 11 is made of conductive material and is used to connect two adjacent metal blocks 6. The connecting plate 11 is located in the adjacent first cavity 101. Two symmetrically distributed springs are arranged between the upper side of the connecting plate 11 and the shell 1. The springs are initially in a stored force state and are used to move the adjacent connecting plates 11 downward. The two adjacent metal blocks 6 are in contact and matched with the adjacent connecting plates 11. When the cylindrical battery core 3 is detached, the connecting plate 11 connects the two adjacent metal blocks 6 so that the device can continue to supply power.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the outer side of the housing 1 is rotatably connected to the limiting frame 12, and the sliding rod 10 is provided with a groove that matches with the limiting frame 12. When the limiting frame 12 is inserted into the groove of the sliding rod 10, the sliding rod 10 cannot move.

[0037] When the cylindrical battery cell 3 is separated from the adjacent first cavity 101, the connecting plate 11 moves downward under the action of the adjacent spring, and the connecting plate 11 drives the sliding rod 10 to move downward. The connecting plate 11 stops moving after contacting the two adjacent metal blocks 6. At this time, the connecting plate 11 connects the two adjacent metal blocks 6, so that the electric car or electric bicycle can still drive normally, and then the electric car or electric bicycle drives away from the location where the cylindrical battery cell 3 on fire is located, avoiding the fire from further spreading to the electric car or electric bicycle to cause greater emergency losses and safety hazards. When a new cylindrical battery cell is replaced 3, the cylindrical battery cell 3 moves upward to squeeze the adjacent sliding rod 10, the sliding rod 10 drives the adjacent connecting plate 11 to move upward, and the connecting plate 11 compresses the adjacent spring. When the new cylindrical battery cell 3 is installed, the sliding rod 10 and the adjacent connecting plate 11 return to their original positions. When the cylindrical battery cell 3 is replaced normally, the limit frame 12 is rotated to insert the limit frame 12 into the groove on the sliding rod 10, thereby preventing the sliding rod 10 from moving downward, and further preventing the connecting plate 11 from connecting with the two adjacent metal blocks 6, thereby preventing the battery pack from being in a passage state when the cylindrical battery cell 3 is replaced, generating sparks and causing safety hazards.

[0038] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery, comprising a housing (1), wherein the housing (1) is provided with two symmetrically distributed electrodes, and wherein the housing (1) is provided with first cavities (101) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, characterized in that: It also comprises sliding plates (2) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the sliding plates (2) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are respectively slidably connected in adjacent first cavities (101), a spring is arranged between the upper side of the sliding plate (2) and the shell (1), a cylindrical battery core (3) is arranged in the first cavity (101), the cylindrical battery core (3) is pressed and matched with the adjacent sliding plate (2), a cover plate (4) is arranged on the lower side of the first cavity (101), the cover plate (4) is pressed and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery core (3), the cover plate (4) is slidably connected with symmetrically distributed limit pins (5), a spring is arranged between the limit pin (5) and the adjacent cover plate (4), the limit pin (5) is limitedly matched with the shell (1), and symmetrically distributed metal blocks (6) are arranged in the first cavity (101), the metal blocks (6) in different first cavities (101) are connected in pairs and finally connected to two electrodes of the shell (1); The housing (1) is provided with a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed second cavity (102), an unlocking column (7) is slidably connected in the second cavity (102), a tension spring is provided between the unlocking column (7) and the housing (1), the unlocking column (7) is pressed and matched with the adjacent limiting pin (5), the housing (1) is provided with a circumferentially uniformly distributed third cavity (103), the third cavity (103) is filled with thermal expansion gas, and the symmetrically distributed second cavities (102) are all in communication with the adjacent third cavities (103); A side of the third cavity (103) close to the adjacent first cavity (101) is made of heat-conducting material, and is used to sense the temperature in the adjacent first cavity (101).

2. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding plate (2) is provided with two symmetrically distributed metal strips, the two metal strips of the sliding plate (2) are in contact with and cooperate with adjacent metal blocks (6) and adjacent electrodes on adjacent cylindrical cells (3), respectively, and the sliding plate (2) is made of insulating material.

3. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) further comprises a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed limiting member (8), the housing (1) being provided with a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed fourth cavity (104), the limiting member (8) being slidably connected in an adjacent fourth cavity (104), a tension spring being provided between the limiting member (8) and the housing (1), the limiting member (8) penetrating a side of the adjacent fourth cavity (104) close to the adjacent first cavity (101), the side of the adjacent fourth cavity (104) close to the adjacent first cavity (101) being communicated with the adjacent third cavity (103), and the limiting member (8) being limitedly matched with the adjacent sliding plate (2).

4. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) is slidably connected to a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed U-shaped rod (9), the U-shaped rod (9) being fixedly connected to a side of the adjacent stopper (8) away from the adjacent cylindrical battery core (3), the housing (1) being provided with a circumferentially uniformly distributed fifth cavity (105) and a symmetrical and circumferentially uniformly distributed channel (106), the channel (106) being communicated with the adjacent first cavity (101), the fifth cavity (105) being filled with flame-retardant gas, the symmetrically distributed channels (106) being communicated with the adjacent fifth cavity (105), the U-shaped rod (9) being slidably matched with the adjacent channel (106), the U-shaped rod (9) being used to block the connection between the adjacent channel (106) and the adjacent fifth cavity (105).

5. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding plate (2) and the adjacent spring are squeezed and matched but not fixedly connected, so that the sliding plate (2) can remove impurities on the inner wall of the adjacent first cavity (101).

6. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flame-retardant gas is liquid nitrogen, and the connection point between the channel (106) and the adjacent first cavity (101) is located at the upper part of the first cavity (101).

7. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes sliding rods (10) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the sliding rods (10) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are all slidably connected to the shell (1), the sliding rods (10) penetrate the shell (1) and the adjacent sliding plate (2), the sliding rods (10) are pressed and matched with the adjacent cylindrical battery core (3), the sliding rods (10) are fixedly connected with a connecting plate (11), the connecting plate (11) is located in the adjacent first cavity (101), symmetrically distributed springs are arranged between the upper side of the connecting plate (11) and the shell (1), and the symmetrically distributed metal blocks (6) are all in contact and matched with the adjacent connecting plate (11).

8. A novel cylindrical sodium ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side of the housing (1) is rotatably connected to a limiting frame (12), and the sliding rod (10) is provided with a groove that cooperates with the limiting frame (12) in limiting manner.

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