An environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device and method.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of building roofing technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device and method. The device includes a roof with a rainwater collection assembly on top. The rainwater collection assembly includes a lower support structure located on the front side of the roof, an upper support structure located on the rear side of the roof, and several rain-shielding structures regularly arranged between the lower and upper support structures. Each rain-shielding structure includes a rain shield and a solar panel embedded in the top surface of the rain shield. By using the rain shield structures, the device collects and utilizes solar energy on sunny days and blocks and collects rainwater on rainy days, preventing water accumulation in the plant troughs and thus preventing root rot. Furthermore, by incorporating a rain inlet structure, the rain inlet pipe is closed on sunny days and opened synchronously with the rain shield on rainy days, preventing excessive dust or insects from entering the water collection chamber during prolonged periods of operation on sunny days.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building roofing technology, specifically an environmentally friendly integrated waterproofing and drainage device and method for building roofs. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing environmental awareness of people and the development of architectural knowledge, designers will plant greenery on the waterproof layer of the roof to increase the urban green area and also to provide insulation for the roof.

[0003] For example, the invention with authorization announcement number CN118383189B, in the field of green roof irrigation technology, discloses an automatically irrigated green roof system device, including a cultivation box and irrigation components; the cultivation box is equipped with irrigation components for irrigating grass seeds. This invention achieves the limitation of grass seeds by limiting grooves on a limiting plate, preventing the grass seeds from being washed into the corners of the cultivation box by rainwater, thus avoiding the grass seeds being squeezed by the inner wall of the cultivation chamber during growth, thereby improving the growth effect of the grass seeds.

[0004] Based on the above invention and actual conditions, we have found the following problems: when it rains, if there is no shelter, rainwater will accumulate in the cultivation chamber, causing the roots of the plants to rot. At the same time, excessive water accumulation is also not conducive to roof waterproofing. If a rain shield is directly installed, it will affect the light exposure of the plants and affect their growth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device and method to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device, including a roof, the roof surface being provided with a greening trough for planting green plants, and a water collection component for collecting rainwater being provided above the roof. The water collection component includes a lower support structure located on the front side of the roof, an upper support structure located on the rear side of the roof, and several rain-blocking structures. Hydraulic cylinders are provided at the four corners of the roof surface.

[0007] Several of the aforementioned shielding structures are regularly arranged between the lower support structure and the upper support structure. Each shielding structure includes a rain shield and a solar panel embedded on the top surface of the rain shield. The left and right side walls of the roof are symmetrically provided with auxiliary frames on the rear side. The upper support structure is arranged between two of the auxiliary frames. The inner side wall of each auxiliary frame is provided with a groove in the middle. A toothed plate is fixed to the rear side wall of the groove near the top.

[0008] The upper support structure includes an upper support and an internal mounting cavity. The mounting cavity is provided with a left and right transverse shaft. Both ends of the shaft protrude through the corresponding side wall of the mounting cavity, and a third gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the shaft. The third gear extends into the corresponding side groove. A driven tooth is fixed in the middle of the rear side wall of the rain shield. A driving tooth is coaxially fixed in the side wall of the shaft at the position corresponding to the driven tooth. The driven tooth passes through the front side wall of the mounting cavity and meshes with the corresponding driving tooth.

[0009] The lower support structure includes a lower support and a water collection cavity disposed within the lower support. The front side wall of the water collection cavity is provided with several rain inlet structures for controlling the flow of rainwater.

[0010] In the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the roof surface near the four corners, and the telescopic end is fixed to the bottom corner of the corresponding lower support and upper support. There is no gap between two adjacent rain shields. The bottom surface of the rain shield has a larger thickness at the rear end and a smaller thickness at the front end. The bottom surface of the rain shield is provided with water collection plates symmetrically on the left and right sides near the front end. The recess between the two water collection plates corresponds to the position of the rain inlet structure.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, the water collection cavity is provided with a plurality of regularly arranged overflow pipes. The bottom end of the overflow pipe passes through the bottom surface of the water collection cavity and the bottom end of the overflow pipe is connected to a drainage assembly. The drainage assembly includes a corrugated pipe whose top end is connected to the bottom end of the overflow pipe and a bend pipe connected to the bottom end of the corrugated pipe. The bend pipe is fixed to the front side wall of the roof.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, the height of the overflow pipe is greater than three-quarters of the height of the water collection cavity, and the bottom surface of the water collection cavity is connected to a number of regularly arranged nozzles. The nozzles are arranged facing the green plant trough, and the distance between the nozzles and the bottom surface of the lower support is greater than the left and right width of the rain shield.

[0013] In the technical solution of the present invention, the rain inlet structure includes a rain inlet pipe, a plurality of rain inlets arranged in a ring on the outer end wall of the rain inlet pipe, and an active mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the rain inlets. The inner end of the rain inlet pipe passes through the front side wall of the water collection chamber and communicates with the inside of the water collection chamber.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, the rear end of the rain inlet pipe is provided with a hollow rotating cylinder, and a second gear is coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder near the rear end. A first gear is fixed in the middle of the front side wall of the rain shield. The first gear is disposed inside the water collection cavity and meshes with the corresponding second gear. The rear end face of the rain inlet pipe is provided with a groove, and a retaining ring is fixed on the front end face of the rotating cylinder. The retaining ring is disposed in the corresponding groove and the retaining ring can freely rotate to fix the rod.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the active mechanism includes a plurality of rain-blocking blocks that are arranged one-to-one inside the rain inlet and limiting blocks fixed on the outer ends of the left and right sides of the rain-blocking blocks. The rain-blocking blocks are adapted to the size and shape of the rain inlet. The side walls of the rain inlet are provided with limiting grooves. The limiting blocks are arranged in the corresponding limiting grooves and the limiting blocks can slide up and down.

[0016] In the technical solution of the present invention, a transmission rod is provided inside the rain inlet pipe, and a plurality of hinge rods corresponding one-to-one with the rain-blocking blocks are provided on the front end of the side wall of the transmission rod. The two ends of the hinge rods are respectively hinged to the corresponding rain-blocking block and the front end of the side wall of the transmission rod.

[0017] In the technical solution of the present invention, the rotating drum is provided with fixed rods symmetrically arranged at the top and bottom, the transmission rod has two sets of spiral grooves on its side wall, and the outer end of the fixed rod is embedded in the corresponding spiral groove in a hemispherical shape.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an environmentally friendly method for preventing leaks and draining water from building roofs, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. On sunny days, the water collection component is located at a high position, and the solar panel faces upward to collect solar energy. At the same time, the green plants in the green plant trough can be exposed to sunlight.

[0020] S2. When it rains, the hydraulic cylinder is activated to drive the lower support structure and the upper support structure to move down synchronously. Under the transmission of the toothed plate and the third gear, the shaft rotates, which in turn drives the driving gear to rotate. Then, under the transmission of the driven gear, the rain shield rotates 180°.

[0021] S3. When the rain shield rotates, the first gear at the front end will drive the rotating drum to rotate through the second gear, causing the fixed rod to rotate synchronously. Then, through the spiral groove, the transmission rod will move backward, and under the action of the hinge rod, the rain shield block will be pulled. Under the restriction of the limiting groove and the limiting block, the rain shield block will rotate and open the rain inlet.

[0022] S4. After the rain shield rotates 180°, the rainwater falls on the bottom surface of the rain shield. Under the action of gravity, the rainwater flows to the side of the downward support and gathers at the rain inlet structure under the action of the water collection plate, so that the rainwater can enter the water collection chamber for storage through the rain inlet.

[0023] S5. When the stored rainwater level is higher than the overflow pipe, the rainwater will enter the corrugated pipe through the overflow pipe and flow out through the bend to the bottom of the building.

[0024] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. In this invention, by setting up a shielding structure, on sunny days, the water collection component is located at a high position, at which time the solar panel faces upward to collect solar energy, and the green plants in the green plant trough can be exposed to sunlight. On rainy days, the hydraulic cylinder will drive the lower support structure and the upper support structure to move down synchronously, and drive the shaft to rotate under the transmission of the toothed plate and the third gear, which in turn drives the active tooth to rotate. Then, under the transmission of the driven tooth, the rain shield will rotate, so that rainwater enters the water collection chamber from the rain inlet pipe under the action of gravity and is stored, thus preventing water accumulation in the green plant trough from causing the roots of the green plants to rot.

[0026] 2. In this invention, by setting a rain inlet structure, the rain shield rotates during rainy weather, causing the first gear at the front end to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate through the second gear and drive the fixed rod to rotate synchronously. Then, the transmission rod moves backward through the spiral groove, and the rain shield block is pulled by the hinge rod. Under the restriction of the limiting groove and the limiting block, the rain shield block will rotate and open the rain inlet, so that rainwater can enter the water collection chamber through the rain inlet for storage, avoiding the excessive dust or insects entering the water collection chamber if it is kept open for a long time on sunny days. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention for use in sunny weather;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention for use in rainy weather;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective on a sunny day;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding structure in this invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the occlusion structure from another perspective in this invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper support structure in this invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the support structure under clear weather conditions in this invention;

[0034] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the support frame in rainy weather according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 11This is an exploded view of the rain inlet structure in this invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the active mechanism in this invention;

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1. Roof; 11. Green plant trough; 12. Auxiliary frame; 121. Slide chute; 122. Toothed plate;

[0041] 2. Water collection assembly; 21. Hydraulic cylinder; 22. Lower support structure; 221. Lower support; 222. Water collection chamber; 223. Overflow pipe; 23. Upper support structure; 231. Upper support; 232. Mounting cavity; 24. Shielding structure; 241. Rain shield; 242. Solar panel; 243. First gear; 244. Driven gear; 245. Water collection plate; 25. Rain inlet structure; 251. Rain inlet pipe; 2511. Slot; 252. Rain inlet; 2521. Limiting groove; 253. Movable mechanism; 2531. Rain shield block; 2532. Limiting block; 2533. Hinge rod; 254. Transmission rod; 2541. Spiral groove; 255. Rotary drum; 256. Second gear; 257. Snap ring; 258. Fixing rod; 26. Shaft; 27. Driving gear; 28. Third gear;

[0042] 3. Drainage components; 31. Bend; 32. Corrugated pipe;

[0043] 4. Spray nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0045] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout this specification, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-12 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution:

[0047] An environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device and method includes a roof 1, a greening trough 11 for planting green plants on the top surface of the roof 1, and a water collection component 2 for collecting rainwater above the roof 1. The water collection component 2 includes a lower support structure 22 located on the front side of the roof 1, an upper support structure 23 located on the rear side of the roof 1, and several rain-blocking structures 24. Hydraulic cylinders 21 are located at the four corners of the top surface of the roof 1. The lower support structure 22 and the upper support structure 23 are moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinders 21. The controller of the hydraulic cylinder 21 can be connected to the rainwater detector signal. When the rainwater detector detects rain, the hydraulic cylinder 21 can be activated to move the water collection component 2 down. The control of the hydraulic cylinder 21 by the rainwater detector is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Several shading structures 24 are regularly arranged between the lower support structure 22 and the upper support structure 23. The shading structure 24 includes a rain shield 241 and a solar panel 242 embedded on the top surface of the rain shield 241. When it is sunny, the water collection component 2 is located at a higher position. At this time, the solar panel 242 can absorb solar energy to power the building. At the same time, the water collection component 2 at a higher position will not block the green plants in the green plant trough 11 from receiving sunlight.

[0049] Auxiliary frames 12 are symmetrically provided on the rear side of the left and right side walls of the roof 1. The upper support structure 23 is set between the two auxiliary frames 12. A sliding groove 121 is provided in the middle of the inner side wall of the auxiliary frame 12. A toothed plate 122 is fixed to the rear side wall of the sliding groove 121 near the top. When it rains, the hydraulic cylinder 21 will drive the lower support structure 22 and the upper support structure 23 to move down synchronously. Since the toothed plate 122 meshes with the corresponding third gear 28, the third gear 28 will rotate counterclockwise.

[0050] The upper support structure 23 includes an upper support 231 and an installation cavity 232 inside the upper support 231. The installation cavity 232 is provided with a left and right transverse shaft 26. The two ends of the shaft 26 pass through the corresponding side wall of the installation cavity 232, and the ends of the shaft 26 are coaxially fixedly connected to a third gear 28. The third gear 28 extends into the corresponding side slide groove 121. A driven tooth 244 is fixed in the middle of the rear side wall of the rain shield 241. A driving tooth 27 is coaxially fixed at the position corresponding to the driven tooth 244 on the side wall of the shaft 26. The driven tooth 244 passes through the front side wall of the installation cavity 232 and meshes with the corresponding driving tooth 27. When the third gear 28 rotates, it will drive the shaft 26 to rotate. Then, under the transmission of the driving tooth 27 and the driven tooth 244, it will drive the rain shield 241 to rotate 180° counterclockwise, so that the bottom surface of the rain shield 241 faces upward.

[0051] The lower support structure 22 includes a lower support 221 and a water collection cavity 222 disposed in the lower support 221. The front side wall of the water collection cavity 222 is provided with several rain inlet structures 25 for controlling the flow of rainwater. Rainwater will accumulate in the rain inlet structures 25 under the action of gravity, and then enter the water collection cavity 222 through the rain inlet structures 25 to store rainwater.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed to the top surface of the roof 1 near the four corners, and the telescopic end is fixed to the bottom corner of the corresponding lower support 221 and upper support 231. There is no gap between the two adjacent rain shields 241 to prevent rainwater from falling directly into the green plant trough 11 from between the rain shields 241, which would cause serious water accumulation in the green plant trough 11, easily causing the roof 1 to leak and the roots of the green plants to rot. The bottom surface of the rain shield 241 has a large thickness at the rear end and a small thickness at the front end. After the rainwater falls into the rain shield 241, the inclined bottom surface will cause the rainwater to flow to the side of the lower support structure 22. The bottom surface of the rain shield 241 is symmetrically provided with water collection plates 245 on the left and right sides near the front end. The recess between the two water collection plates 245 corresponds to the position of the rain inlet structure 25. By setting the water collection plates 245, the rainwater is concentrated at the rain inlet structure 25, avoiding rainwater residue.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the water collection cavity 222 is provided with several regularly arranged overflow pipes 223. The bottom end of the overflow pipe 223 passes through the bottom surface of the water collection cavity 222 and is connected to the drainage component 3. The drainage component 3 includes a corrugated pipe 32 whose top end is connected to the bottom end of the overflow pipe 223 and a bend pipe 31 connected to the bottom end of the corrugated pipe 32. The bend pipe 31 is fixed to the front side wall of the roof 1. By setting the overflow pipe 223, when the liquid level in the water collection cavity 222 is higher than the height of the overflow pipe 223 due to excessive rainwater, the excess rainwater will flow from the overflow pipe 223 into the corrugated pipe 32 and out from the bend pipe 31, thus preventing the water collection cavity 222 from being full of rainwater and unable to continue to drain.

[0054] In addition, the height of the overflow pipe 223 is greater than three-quarters of the height of the water collection chamber 222. The bottom surface of the water collection chamber 222 is connected to several regularly arranged nozzles 4. The nozzles 4 are set towards the green plant trough 11. The distance between the nozzles 4 and the bottom surface of the lower support 221 is greater than the left and right width of the rain shield 241. By setting the nozzles 4, the nozzles 4 can be controlled by the controller to spray water at timed intervals on sunny days to prevent the green plant trough 11 from becoming too dry and causing the green plants to die.

[0055] In addition, such as Figures 7-12As shown, the rain inlet structure 25 includes a rain inlet pipe 251, several rain inlets 252 arranged in a ring on the outer end of the rain inlet pipe 251, and an active mechanism 253 for controlling the opening and closing of the rain inlets 252. The inner end of the rain inlet pipe 251 passes through the front side wall of the water collection chamber 222 and communicates with the inside of the water collection chamber 222. Rainwater can enter the rain inlet pipe 251 through the rain inlets 252 and then flow into the water collection chamber 222.

[0056] Furthermore, a hollow rotating cylinder 255 is provided at the rear end of the rain inlet pipe 251. A second gear 256 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 255 near the rear end. A first gear 243 is fixed to the middle of the front side wall of the rain shield 241. The first gear 243 is located inside the water collection cavity 222 and meshes with the corresponding second gear 256. A slot 2511 is provided on the rear end face of the rain inlet pipe 251. A retaining ring 257 is fixed on the front end face of the rotating cylinder 255. The rotating cylinder 255 can be supported by the retaining ring 257 and the slot 2511. The retaining ring 257 is located in the corresponding slot 2511 and can freely rotate to fix the rod 258. When blocking the rain, the rain shield 241 rotates counterclockwise, and the first gear 243 at the front end drives the second gear 256 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the rotating cylinder 255 to rotate and causing the fixing rod 258 to rotate synchronously.

[0057] Specifically, the active mechanism 253 includes several rain-blocking blocks 2531 that are correspondingly installed inside the rain inlet 252, and limiting blocks 2532 fixed on the outer ends of the left and right sides of the rain-blocking blocks 2531. The rain-blocking blocks 2531 are adapted to the size and shape of the rain inlet 252. The side walls of the rain inlet 252 are provided with limiting grooves 2521. The limiting blocks 2532 are installed in the corresponding limiting grooves 2521 and can slide up and down. The rain-blocking blocks 2531 can block the rain inlet 252 on sunny days to prevent excessive dust from entering the water collection chamber 222 due to prolonged opening on sunny days.

[0058] In addition, a transmission rod 254 is provided inside the rain inlet pipe 251. Several hinged rods 2533, corresponding one-to-one with the rain-blocking blocks 2531, are provided on the front side wall of the transmission rod 254. The two ends of the hinged rods 2533 are respectively hinged to the corresponding rain-blocking block 2531 and the front side wall of the transmission rod 254. Fixed rods 258 are symmetrically arranged vertically inside the rotating cylinder 255. Two sets of spiral grooves 2541 are provided on the side wall of the transmission rod 254. The outer end of the fixed rod 258 is hemispherically embedded in the corresponding spiral groove 2541. Since the front end of the transmission rod 254 is hinged... The connecting rod 2533 is connected to the rainproof block 2531, and the rainproof block 2531 is restricted by the retaining ring 257 and the groove 2511, so that the transmission rod 254 will not rotate. When the fixed rod 258 rotates clockwise with the rotating drum 255, the transmission rod 254 will move backward under the action of the spiral groove 2541, which will drive the top of the rainproof block 2531 to move radially along the groove 2511 towards the rain inlet pipe 251 and open the rain inlet 252, so that rainwater flows through the rain inlet pipe 251 through the rotating drum 255 and enters the water collection chamber 222.

[0059] The environmentally friendly building roof waterproofing and drainage method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. On sunny days, the water collection component 2 is located at a high position, and the solar panel 242 faces upward to collect solar energy. At the same time, the green plants in the green plant trough 11 can be exposed to sunlight.

[0061] S2. When it rains, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is activated to drive the lower support structure 22 and the upper support structure 23 to move down synchronously. Under the transmission of the toothed plate 122 and the third gear 28, the shaft 26 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the driving gear 27 to rotate. Then, under the transmission of the driven gear 244, the rain shield 241 is driven to rotate 180°.

[0062] S3. When the rain shield 241 rotates, the first gear 243 at the front end will drive the rotating drum 255 to rotate through the second gear 256, causing the fixed rod 258 to rotate synchronously. Then, through the spiral groove 2541, the transmission rod 254 will move backward, and under the action of the hinge rod 2533, the rain shield block 2531 will be pulled. Under the restriction of the limiting groove 2521 and the limiting block 2532, the rain shield block 2531 will rotate and open the rain inlet 252.

[0063] S4. After the rain shield 241 rotates 180°, rainwater falls on the bottom surface of the rain shield 241. Under the action of gravity, the rainwater flows to the side of the downward support 221 and gathers at the rain inlet structure 25 under the action of the water collection plate 245, so that the rainwater can enter the water collection chamber 222 for storage through the rain inlet 252.

[0064] S5. When the stored rainwater is higher than the overflow pipe 223, the rainwater will enter the corrugated pipe 32 through the overflow pipe 223 and flow out from the bend 31 to the bottom of the building.

[0065] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device, comprising a roof (1), wherein the top surface of the roof (1) is provided with a greening trough (11) for planting greenery, characterized in that: The roof (1) is provided with a water collection assembly (2) for collecting rainwater. The water collection assembly (2) includes a lower support structure (22) located on the front side of the roof (1), an upper support structure (23) located on the rear side of the roof (1), and several rain-blocking structures (24). Hydraulic cylinders (21) are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the roof (1). Several of the aforementioned shielding structures (24) are regularly arranged between the lower support structure (22) and the upper support structure (23). The shielding structure (24) includes a rain shield (241) and a solar panel (242) embedded in the top surface of the rain shield (241). The roof (1) has auxiliary frames (12) symmetrically arranged on the rear side of the left and right side walls. The upper support structure (23) is arranged between two of the auxiliary frames (12). The auxiliary frame (12) has a groove (121) in the middle of the inner side wall. The groove (121) has a toothed plate (122) fixed to the top of the rear side wall of the groove (121). The upper support structure (23) includes an upper support (231) and an installation cavity (232) inside the upper support (231). The installation cavity (232) is provided with a left and right transverse shaft (26). The two ends of the shaft (26) pass through the corresponding side wall of the installation cavity (232), and the end of the shaft (26) is coaxially fixedly connected to a third gear (28). The third gear (28) extends into the corresponding side groove (121). A driven tooth (244) is fixed in the middle of the rear side wall of the rain shield (241). A driving tooth (27) is coaxially fixed at the position corresponding to the driven tooth (244) on the side wall of the shaft (26). The driven tooth (244) passes through the front side wall of the installation cavity (232) and meshes with the corresponding driving tooth (27). The lower support structure (22) includes a lower support (221) and a water collection cavity (222) disposed in the lower support (221). The front side wall of the water collection cavity (222) is provided with a plurality of rain inlet structures (25) for controlling the flow of rainwater.

2. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixed to the top surface of the roof (1) near the four corners, and the telescopic end is fixed to the bottom corner of the corresponding lower bracket (221) and upper bracket (231). There is no gap between two adjacent rain shields (241). The bottom surface of the rain shield (241) has a large thickness at the rear end and a small thickness at the front end. The bottom surface of the rain shield (241) is symmetrically provided with water collection plates (245) on the left and right sides near the front end. The recess between the two water collection plates (245) corresponds to the position of the rain inlet structure (25).

3. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The water collection cavity (222) is provided with several regularly arranged overflow pipes (223). The bottom end of the overflow pipe (223) passes through the bottom surface of the water collection cavity (222) and the bottom end of the overflow pipe (223) is connected to a drain assembly (3). The drain assembly (3) includes a corrugated pipe (32) whose top end is connected to the bottom end of the overflow pipe (223) and a bend (31) connected to the bottom end of the corrugated pipe (32). The bend (31) is fixed to the front side wall of the roof (1).

4. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the overflow pipe (223) is greater than three-quarters of the height of the water collection chamber (222). The bottom surface of the water collection chamber (222) is connected to a number of regularly arranged nozzles (4). The nozzles (4) are arranged facing the green plant trough (11). The distance between the nozzles (4) and the bottom surface of the lower support (221) is greater than the left and right width of the rain shield (241).

5. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The rain inlet structure (25) includes a rain inlet pipe (251), a number of rain inlets (252) arranged in a ring on the outer end of the rain inlet pipe (251), and an active mechanism (253) for controlling the opening and closing of the rain inlets (252). The inner end of the rain inlet pipe (251) passes through the front side wall of the water collection cavity (222) and communicates with the inside of the water collection cavity (222).

6. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The rear end of the rain inlet pipe (251) is provided with a hollow rotating cylinder (255). A second gear (256) is coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (255) near the rear end. A first gear (243) is fixed in the middle of the front side wall of the rain shield (241). The first gear (243) is located inside the water collection cavity (222) and meshes with the corresponding second gear (256). The rear end face of the rain inlet pipe (251) is provided with a slot (2511). A retaining ring (257) is fixed on the front end face of the rotating cylinder (255). The retaining ring (257) is located in the corresponding slot (2511) and the retaining ring (257) can freely rotate to fix the rod (258).

7. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The active mechanism (253) includes several rain-blocking blocks (2531) that are correspondingly arranged inside the rain inlet (252) and limiting blocks (2532) fixed on the outer ends of the left and right sides of the rain-blocking blocks (2531). The rain-blocking blocks (2531) are adapted to the size and shape of the rain inlet (252). The side walls of the rain inlet (252) are provided with limiting grooves (2521). The limiting blocks (2532) are arranged in the corresponding limiting grooves (2521) and the limiting blocks (2532) can slide up and down.

8. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The rain inlet pipe (251) is equipped with a transmission rod (254). The transmission rod (254) has several hinge rods (2533) on its side wall near the front end, which correspond one-to-one with the rain shield block (2531). The two ends of the hinge rod (2533) are respectively hinged to the side wall near the front end of the corresponding rain shield block (2531) and the transmission rod (254).

9. The environmentally friendly integrated roof waterproofing and drainage device as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating drum (255) is symmetrically provided with fixed rods (258) inside. The transmission rod (254) has two sets of spiral grooves (2541) on its side wall. The outer end of the fixed rod (258) is embedded in the corresponding spiral groove (2541) in a hemispherical shape.

10. A method for preventing leaks and draining water from building roofs in an environmentally friendly manner, employing the integrated environmentally friendly building roof leak prevention and drainage equipment as described in claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. On sunny days, the water collection component (2) is located at a high position. At this time, the solar panel (242) faces upward to collect solar energy, and the green plants in the green plant trough (11) can be exposed to sunlight. S2. When it rains, start the hydraulic cylinder (21) to drive the lower support structure (22) and the upper support structure (23) to move down synchronously, and drive the shaft (26) to rotate under the transmission of the toothed plate (122) and the third gear (28), which in turn drives the active gear (27) to rotate, and then drives the rain shield (241) to rotate 180° under the transmission of the driven gear (244). S3. When the rain shield (241) rotates, the first gear (243) at the front end will drive the rotating drum (255) to rotate through the second gear (256), causing the fixed rod (258) to rotate synchronously. Then, through the spiral groove (2541), the transmission rod (254) will move backward, and under the action of the hinge rod (2533), the rain shield block (2531) will be pulled. Under the restriction of the limiting groove (2521) and the limiting block (2532), the rain shield block (2531) will rotate and open the rain inlet (252). S4. After the rain shield (241) rotates 180°, rainwater falls on the bottom surface of the rain shield (241). Under the action of gravity, the rainwater flows to the side of the downward support (221) and gathers at the rain inlet structure (25) under the action of the water collection plate (245), so that the rainwater can enter the water collection chamber (222) for storage through the rain inlet (252). S5. When the stored rainwater is higher than the overflow pipe (223), the rainwater will enter the corrugated pipe (32) through the overflow pipe (223) and flow out from the bend (31) to the bottom of the building.

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