A test bench and test method for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device

Abstract

A test bench and test method for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device, relating to the technical field of agricultural machinery, comprises a cutting device frame, a power input device, a cutting device and a stalk conveying device, wherein the power input device is fixed at the rear of the cutting device frame, the cutting device is fixed above the cutting device frame, the stalk conveying device is fixed at the front of the cutting device frame, the single-tooth reed-pulling tooth is fixed to the upper part of a slotted conveying chain plate through a reed-pulling tooth mounting plate, the double-tooth reed-pulling tooth is fixed to the middle part of the slotted conveying chain plate through a reed-pulling tooth mounting plate, the upper cutting knife is fixed to the lower outer side of an upper special-shaped chain group, and the three are installed with an offset in a vertical direction, so that the cutting device can realize a "bending-shearing" type stalk cutting method, the damping hinges are symmetrically distributed on both sides above the base, and the angle of the damping hinges can be adjusted to simulate the inclination angle of the cutting table during actual operation, and the device can significantly reduce the process time required in the design, production and testing of the cutting table, effectively improve research and development efficiency and reduce costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a test bench and a test method for a bending shear combined corn stalk cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Crop straw is a rich biomass resource that can be used as feed, fuel, industrial raw materials, etc. Cutting is the primary link in corn straw harvesting, and the cutting device is a key component to achieve the cutting operation, which directly affects the cutting efficiency and cutting energy consumption of corn straw. Existing straw cutting methods include reciprocating straight cutting with a combination of moving and fixed knives and disc sawing without support. The reciprocating straight cutting realizes the reciprocating motion of the moving knife through a crank-connecting rod mechanism, and completes the impact cutting under the combination of the fixed knife; the disc sawing cuts the green corn stalks through a rotation method under the joint action of forward and rotating sawing. However, the impact cutting resistance of reciprocating cutting is large, which is easy to cause straw lodging losses, the blade life is short, and the reciprocating cutter is low from the ground, and the straw is easy to carry soil, affecting the quality of comprehensive utilization of the straw; the disc sawing is accompanied by the bending of the stem during cutting, which is very likely to cause the stem to break and entangle and block the cutting table. At the same time, the sawing type has a large energy consumption, which seriously affects the reliability of the cutting table. In addition, the field operation environment for corn straw harvesting is complex, and faces problems such as long time consumption, high cost, difficulty in data collection, and low control accuracy, which seriously hinders the research and practical application of corn straw cutting technology and device performance.

[0003] Looking at the above problems, it is urgent to develop a corn stalk cutting device and a multi-parameter adjustable test bench with low cutting resistance, low energy consumption, less cutting loss and entanglement blockage, reliable operating performance, convenient operation, and accurate and reliable data collection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn stalk cutting device and a multi-parameter adjustable test bench based on the "bending first and then shearing" cutting mode to solve the problems of large resistance, high energy consumption, easy clogging, etc. in the current corn stalk cutting device, while overcoming the defects of complex field operation environment, difficult data collection, and low control accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A test bench for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device comprises a cutting device frame, a power input device, a cutting device and a stalk conveying device, wherein the power input device is fixed to the rear of the cutting device frame, the cutting device is fixed above the cutting device frame, and the stalk conveying device is fixed to the front of the cutting device frame; the cutting device frame comprises a supporting frame, an upper movable knife chain transmission group, a third transmission shaft group, a second transmission shaft group, a lower movable knife chain transmission group, and a reversing gear group, wherein the upper movable knife chain transmission group comprises a lower movable knife chain passive sprocket, two upper movable knife chain active sprockets, and a second chain, and the lower movable knife chain transmission group comprises two upper movable knife chain passive sprockets, a lower movable knife chain active sprocket, and a third chain, and the supporting frame is fixed to the cutting device frame The upper moving knife chain transmission group is arranged on the right side above the support frame, and the upper moving knife chain transmission group is respectively provided with a lower moving knife chain passive sprocket, an upper moving knife chain active sprocket and a second chain from bottom to top, the third transmission shaft group is arranged on the right side of the middle part of the support frame, the second transmission shaft group is arranged on the left side of the middle part of the support frame, the lower moving knife chain transmission group is arranged on the left side above the support frame, the second transmission shaft group drives the lower moving knife chain transmission group through the third chain, and the lower moving knife chain transmission group is respectively provided with an upper moving knife chain passive sprocket, a third chain and a lower moving knife chain active sprocket from top to bottom, the reversing gear group is arranged above the middle part of the support frame, the second transmission shaft group drives the third transmission shaft group to rotate through the reversing gear group, and the third transmission shaft group drives the upper moving knife chain transmission group to rotate through the second chain;

[0007] The cutting device comprises an upper chain group, a conveying chain plate group, an upper special-shaped chain group, an upper cutting knife, a lower special-shaped chain group, and a lower cutting knife, wherein the conveying chain plate group comprises a slotted conveying chain plate, a reed tooth mounting plate, a single-tooth reed tooth, a double-tooth reed tooth, and a conveying chain plate; the upper chain group is arranged on the radial outer side of the upper moving knife chain driving sprocket and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket at the top, the upper special-shaped chain group is arranged on the radial outer side of the upper moving knife chain driving sprocket and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket at the middle, and the conveying chain plate group It is arranged in the middle of the upper chain group and the upper special-shaped chain group, the slotted conveyor chain plate and the conveyor chain plate are connected in sequence to form a ring loop, the single-tooth paddle tooth is fixed to the upper part of the slotted conveyor chain plate through the paddle tooth mounting plate, the double-tooth paddle tooth is fixed to the middle part of the slotted conveyor chain plate through the paddle tooth mounting plate, the upper cutting knife is fixed at the lower outer side of the upper special-shaped chain group, the lower special-shaped chain group is arranged on the radial outer side of the lower moving knife chain passive sprocket and the lower moving knife chain active sprocket, and the lower cutting knife is fixed at the upper outer side of the lower special-shaped chain group.

[0008] Furthermore, the power input device includes a power input device frame, a first speed regulating motor, a first transmission shaft group, a torque and speed sensor, a belt drive group, a commutator group, and a first chain, wherein the belt drive group includes a belt, a first pulley, and a second pulley; the commutator group includes a commutator and a power output sprocket, the power input device frame is fixed to the rear of the cutting device frame, the first speed regulating motor is fixed to the left side inside the power input device frame, the first transmission shaft group is fixed to the right side of the first speed regulating motor, the torque and speed sensor is fixed to the radial outside of the first transmission shaft group, the first pulley is fixed to the right side of the first transmission shaft group, the commutator is fixed to the front and top of the power input device frame, the power output sprocket is fixed above the commutator, the second pulley is arranged on the right side of the commutator and is fixedly connected to the commutator input shaft, the second pulley is connected to the second pulley with a belt, and the power output sprocket is connected to the second transmission shaft group through the first chain.

[0009] Furthermore, the stem conveying device includes a conveying device frame, a conveying device transmission system, and an inclination adjustment mechanism, wherein the conveying device transmission system includes a second speed-regulating motor, a third chain, and a first special-shaped chain; the inclination adjustment mechanism includes a base, auxiliary support bolts, a damping hinge, a side support seat, a mounting plate, a fixing clamp, and an inclination fixing plate; the conveying device frame is fixed inside the stem conveying device, the conveying device transmission system is fixed outside the conveying device frame, the second speed-regulating motor is fixed on the front right side of the conveying device frame, the third chain connects the second speed-regulating motor and the driving roller of the first special-shaped chain, the inclination adjustment mechanism is fixed at equal intervals on the outside of the first special-shaped chain, the base is fixed at the bottom of the inclination adjustment mechanism, the auxiliary support bolts are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle part of the base, the damping hinges are symmetrically distributed on both sides above the base, the side support seats are fixed above the damping hinges, the mounting plates are fixed at equal intervals inside the side support seats, the fixing clamps are fixed inside the mounting plate up and down, and the inclination fixing plates are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the side support seats.

[0010] Furthermore, the single-tooth paddle teeth and double-tooth paddle teeth of the conveying chain plate group are offset from the upper cutter in the vertical direction, which is specifically reflected in that with the vertical direction of the upper cutter as the center line, the single-tooth paddle teeth have the longest displacement from the center line, and the double-tooth paddle teeth have the second longest displacement from the center line.

[0011] Furthermore, the spacing between the inclination adjustment mechanisms is 500 mm, all the inclination adjustment mechanisms are installed at equal intervals, and the width of the base and the side support seat of the inclination adjustment mechanism is 1000 mm, which is smaller than the effective operating range of the cutting device of 1200 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle α of the damping hinge of the inclination adjustment mechanism is adjustable, and the angle α ranges from 0° to 15°. The adjusted angle can be fixed by the damping hinge of the inclination adjustment mechanism and the inclination fixing plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a gasket is installed inside the fixing clamp of the tilt adjustment mechanism, and the material of the gasket is flexible rubber.

[0014] Furthermore, the single-tooth plowing tooth and the double-tooth plowing tooth contact and bend the stem to generate a stem bending deflection angle θ, the bending deflection angle θ is 10°, and the stem in the bent state is convenient for the upper cutting knife and the lower cutting knife to cut.

[0015] A test method for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Before the test, adjust the row spacing, plant spacing and inclination angle of green corn stalks. The row spacing and plant spacing of corn stalks can be changed by adjusting the position of the base and the mounting plate. The side support seat is adjusted to a predetermined angle by adjusting the damping hinge opening of the inclination adjustment mechanism and the damping hinge is fixed. Then, the auxiliary support bolt and the inclination fixing plate are used to assist the damping hinge to complete the inclination adjustment.

[0017] Step 2: Adjust the operating speed of the cutting device and the stalk conveying device by adjusting the input frequency of the first speed regulating motor to change the output speed of the first speed regulating motor, thereby adjusting the movement speed of the upper and lower cutting knives. The speed adjustment method of the stalk conveying device is similar to simulate the feeding speed of the cutting table during actual operation;

[0018] Step 3: After fixing the corn stalks on the stalk conveying device, first turn on the power input device to start the cutting device. After the cutting device runs stably, start the second speed regulating motor to start the stalk conveying device. After that, complete the cutting operation on the test bench and record the test results.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. A "bending-shearing" stem cutting method is adopted. The stems are bent into a cantilever beam-like state before cutting through the straw teeth, and then the double-moving knives apply shearing force to the stems. The superposition of bending and shearing stresses can increase the comprehensive stress in the stem cutting area, thereby reducing cutting resistance and energy consumption.

[0021] 2. A stalk conveying device with "adjustable spacing and inclination" was designed. By changing the installation interval of the green corn stalks, the row spacing and plant spacing of the green corn plants can be adjusted. At the same time, the inclination of the stalk conveying device is adjustable, which can simulate the actual inclination angle during the operation of the harvesting table to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0022] 3. It adopts an operation mode of "grabbing first, cutting later and then transporting", which can effectively realize the processes of clamping and bending the stems, clamping for efficient cutting and clamping for stable transportation, etc. It helps to ensure that the cut stems are transported away from the test bench in an orderly manner, thereby reducing the impact on subsequent cutting tests.

[0023] 4. A test bench with adjustable test parameters is designed. The test bench allows adjustment of multiple test parameters to evaluate and optimize the structural design and operating parameter configuration of the harvesting platform. By accurately simulating actual operating conditions, the present invention can significantly reduce the process time required for the design, production and testing of the harvesting platform, thereby improving R&D efficiency and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power input device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the stem conveying device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tilt adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inclination angle adjustment range of the damping hinge of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the "bending-shearing" method of cutting stems according to the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, cutting device frame; 1-1, support frame; 1-2, upper moving knife chain transmission group; 1-2-1, lower moving knife chain passive sprocket; 1-2-2, upper moving knife chain active sprocket; 1-2-3, second chain; 1-3, third transmission shaft group; 1-4, second transmission shaft group; 1-5, lower moving knife chain transmission group; 1-5-1, upper moving knife chain passive sprocket; 1-5-2, lower moving knife chain active sprocket; 1-5-3, third chain; 1-6 , reversing gear set; 2, power input device; 2-1, power input device frame; 2-2, first speed regulating motor; 2-3, first transmission shaft set; 2-3-1, torque speed sensor; 2-4, belt drive set; 2-4-1, belt; 2-4-2, first pulley; 2-4-3, second pulley; 2-5, commutator set; 2-5-1, commutator; 2-5-2, power output sprocket; 2-6, first chain; 3, cutting device 3-1, upper chain group; 3-2, conveyor chain plate group; 3-2-1, slotted conveyor chain plate; 3-2-2, reed tooth mounting plate; 3-2-3, single-tooth reed tooth; 3-2-4, double-tooth reed tooth; 3-2-5, conveyor chain plate; 3-3, upper special-shaped chain group; 3-3-1, upper cutter; 3-4, lower special-shaped chain group; 3-4-1, lower cutter; 4, stalk conveyor device; 4-1, conveyor device frame; 4-2, conveyor device Transmission system; 4-2-1, second speed regulating motor; 4-2-2, third chain; 4-2-3, first special-shaped chain; 4-3, inclination adjustment mechanism; 4-3-1, base; 4-3-2, auxiliary support bolts; 4-3-3, damping hinge; 4-3-4, side support seat; 4-3-5, mounting plate; 4-3-6, fixing clamp; 4-3-7, inclination fixing plate; θ, stem bending deflection angle; α, damping hinge to adjust inclination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, a test bench for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device comprises a cutting device frame 1, a power input device 2, a cutting device 3 and a stalk conveying device 4, wherein the power input device 2 is fixed to the rear of the cutting device frame 1, the cutting device 3 is fixed above the cutting device frame 1, and the stalk conveying device 4 is fixed to the front of the cutting device frame 1; the cutting device frame 1 comprises a supporting frame 1-1, an upper movable knife chain transmission group 1-2, a third transmission shaft group 1-3, a second transmission shaft group 1-4, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-5, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-6, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-7, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-8, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-9, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-10, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-11, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-12, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-13, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-14, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-15, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-16, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-17, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-18, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-19, a lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-2 The knife chain transmission group 1-5 and the reversing gear group 1-6, wherein the upper movable knife chain transmission group 1-2 includes a lower movable knife chain passive sprocket 1-2-1, two upper movable knife chain active sprockets 1-2-2, and a second chain 1-2-3, and the lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-5 includes two upper movable knife chain passive sprockets 1-5-1, a lower movable knife chain active sprocket 1-5-2, and a third chain 1-5-3. The support frame 1-1 is fixed above the cutting device frame 1, and the upper movable knife chain transmission group 1-2 is provided. The upper movable knife chain transmission group 1-2 is arranged on the right side above the support frame 1-1, and the lower movable knife chain passive sprocket 1-2-1, the upper movable knife chain active sprocket 1-2-2 and the second chain 1-2-3 are arranged from bottom to top, respectively. The third transmission shaft group 1-3 is arranged on the right side of the middle of the support frame 1-1, and the second transmission shaft group 1-4 is arranged on the left side of the middle of the support frame 1-1. The lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-5 is arranged on the left side above the support frame 1-1, and the second transmission shaft group 1-4 is connected to the lower movable knife chain through the third chain 1-5- 3 drives the lower moving knife chain transmission group 1-5, the lower moving knife chain transmission group 1-5 is respectively provided with an upper moving knife chain passive sprocket 1-5-1, a third chain 1-5-3 and a lower moving knife chain active sprocket 1-5-2 from top to bottom, the reversing gear group 1-6 is arranged above the middle of the support frame 1-1, the second transmission shaft group 1-4 drives the third transmission shaft group 1-3 to rotate through the reversing gear group 1-6, and the third transmission shaft group 1-3 drives the upper moving knife chain transmission group 1-2 to rotate through the second chain 1-2-3;

[0034] The cutting device 3 includes an upper chain group 3-1, a conveying chain plate group 3-2, an upper special-shaped chain group 3-3, an upper cutting knife 3-3-1, a lower special-shaped chain group 3-4, and a lower cutting knife 3-4-1, wherein the conveying chain plate group 3-2 includes a slotted conveying chain plate 3-2-1, a reed tooth mounting plate 3-2-2, a single-tooth reed tooth 3-2-3, a double-tooth reed tooth 3-2-4, and a conveying chain plate 3-2-5. The upper chain group 3-1 is arranged on the radial outer side of the upper moving knife chain active sprocket 1-2-2 and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket 1-5-1 at the top, and the upper special-shaped chain group 3-3 is arranged on the radial outer side of the middle upper moving knife chain active sprocket 1-2-2 and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket 1-5-1. The conveying chain plate group 3 -2 is arranged in the middle of the upper chain group 3-1 and the upper special-shaped chain group 3-3, the slotted conveying chain plate 3-2-1 and the conveying chain plate 3-2-5 are connected in sequence to form a ring loop, the single-tooth paddle tooth 3-2-3 is fixed to the upper part of the slotted conveying chain plate 3-2-1 through the paddle tooth mounting plate 3-2-2, the double-tooth paddle tooth 3-2-4 is fixed to the middle part of the slotted conveying chain plate 3-2-1 through the paddle tooth mounting plate 3-2-2, the upper cutting knife 3-3-1 is fixed at the lower outer side of the upper special-shaped chain group 3-3, the lower special-shaped chain group 3-4 is arranged on the radial outer side of the lower moving knife chain passive sprocket 1-2-1 and the lower moving knife chain active sprocket 1-5-2, and the lower cutting knife 3-4-1 is fixed at the upper outer side of the lower special-shaped chain group 3-4.

[0035] The power input device 2 includes a power input device frame 2-1, a first speed regulating motor 2-2, a first transmission shaft group 2-3, a torque speed sensor 2-3-1, a belt drive group 2-4, a commutator group 2-5, and a first chain 2-6, wherein the belt drive group 2-4 includes a belt 2-4-1, a first pulley 2-4-2, and a second pulley 2-4-3; the commutator group 2-5 includes a commutator 2-5-1 and a power output sprocket 2-5-2, the power input device frame 2-1 is fixed to the rear of the cutting device frame 1, the first speed regulating motor 2-2 is fixed to the left side inside the power input device frame 2-1, and the first transmission shaft group 2-3 is fixed at On the right side of the first speed regulating motor 2-2, the torque speed sensor 2-3-1 is fixed on the radial outside of the first transmission shaft group 2-3, the first pulley 2-4-2 is fixed on the right side of the first transmission shaft group 2-3, the commutator 2-5-1 is fixed on the front upper part of the power input device frame 2-1, the power output sprocket 2-5-2 is fixed above the commutator 2-5-1, the second pulley 2-4-3 is arranged on the right side of the commutator 2-5-1 and the commutator 2-5-1 input shaft is fixedly connected, the second pulley 2-4-3 is connected to the second pulley 2-4-3 with a belt 2-4-1, and the power output sprocket 2-5-2 is connected to the second transmission shaft group 1-4 through the first chain 2-6.

[0036] The stalk conveying device 4 includes a conveying device frame 4-1, a conveying device transmission system 4-2, and an inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3, wherein the conveying device transmission system 4-2 includes a second speed regulating motor 4-2-1, a third chain 4-2-2, and a first special-shaped chain 4-2-3, and the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 includes a base 4-3-1, an auxiliary support bolt 4-3-2, a damping hinge 4-3-3, a side support seat 4-3-4, a mounting plate 4-3-5, a fixing clamp 4-3-6, and an inclination fixing plate 4-3-7. The conveying device frame 4-1 is fixed inside the stalk conveying device 4, the conveying device transmission system 4-2 is fixed on the outside of the conveying device frame 4-1, and the second speed regulating motor 4-2-1 is fixed on the right front of the conveying device frame 4-1. On the side, the third chain 4-2-2 connects the second speed regulating motor 4-2-1 and the driving roller of the first special-shaped chain 4-2-3, the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 is evenly fixed on the outside of the first special-shaped chain 4-2-3, the base 4-3-1 is fixed to the bottom of the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3, the auxiliary support bolts 4-3-2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle of the base 4-3-1, the damping hinges 4-3-3 are symmetrically distributed on both sides above the base 4-3-1, the side support seat 4-3-4 is fixed above the damping hinge 4-3-3, the mounting plate 4-3-5 is evenly fixed inside the side support seat 4-3-4, the fixing clamps 4-3-6 are fixed inside the mounting plate 4-3-5 distributed up and down, and the inclination fixing plate 4-3-7 is symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the side support seat 4-3-4.

[0037] The single-toothed reed-pulling tooth 3-2-3 and the double-toothed reed-pulling tooth 3-2-4 of the conveying chain plate group 3-2 are installed offset in the vertical direction from the upper cutter 3-3-1, which is specifically reflected in that the vertical direction of the upper cutter 3-3-1 is the center line, the single-toothed reed-pulling tooth 3-2-3 deviates the longest from the center line, and the double-toothed reed-pulling tooth 3-2-4 deviates the second longest from the center line.

[0038] The spacing between the inclination adjustment mechanisms 4-3 is 500 mm, and all the inclination adjustment mechanisms 4-3 are installed at equal intervals. The width of the base 4-3-1 of the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 and the side support seat 4-3-4 is 1000 mm, which is smaller than the effective operating range of the cutting device 3 of 1200 mm.

[0039] The angle α of the damping hinge 4-3-3 of the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 is adjustable, and the angle α ranges from 0° to 15°. The adjusted angle can be fixed by the damping hinge 4-3-3 of the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 and the inclination fixing plate 4-3-7.

[0040] A gasket is installed inside the fixing clamp 4-3-6 of the tilt adjustment mechanism 4-3, and the material of the gasket is flexible rubber.

[0041] The single-toothed reed-pulling teeth 3-2-3 and the double-toothed reed-pulling teeth 3-2-4 contact and bend the stems to generate a stem bending deflection angle θ, the bending deflection angle θ is 10°, and the stems in the bent state are easy to be cut by the upper cutting knife 3-3-1 and the lower cutting knife 3-4-1.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, a test method of a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Before the test, adjust the row spacing, plant spacing and inclination angle of green corn stalks. The row spacing and plant spacing of corn stalks can be changed by adjusting the position of the base 4-3-1 and the mounting plate 4-3-5. The side support seat 4-3-4 is adjusted to a predetermined angle by adjusting the opening of the damping hinge 4-3-3 of the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3, and the damping hinge 4-3-3 is fixed. After that, the auxiliary support bolt 4-3-2 and the inclination fixing plate 4-3-7 are used to assist the damping hinge 4-3-3 to complete the inclination adjustment.

[0044] Step 2: Adjust the operating speed of the cutting device 3 and the stalk conveying device 4 by adjusting the input frequency of the first speed regulating motor 2-2 to change the output speed of the first speed regulating motor 2-2, thereby adjusting the movement speed of the upper and lower cutting knives. The speed adjustment method of the stalk conveying device 4 is similar to simulate the feeding speed of the cutting table during actual operation;

[0045] Step 3: After fixing the corn stalks on the stalk conveying device 4, first open the power input device 2 to start the cutting device 3. After the cutting device 3 runs stably, start the second speed regulating motor 4-2-1 to start the stalk conveying device 4. After that, complete the cutting operation of the test bench and record the test results.

[0046] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the power of the cutting device 3 is input by the first speed regulating motor 2-2 through the power input device, the power of the stalk conveying device 4 is input by the second speed regulating motor 4-2-1, the power is output by the first speed regulating motor 2-2, and is transmitted to the belt transmission group 2-4 through the first transmission shaft group 2-3, the torque speed sensor 2-3-1 collects the data of the first transmission shaft group 2-3 in real time, the belt transmission group 2-4 transmits the power to the commutator group 2-5 through the belt 2-4-1, the first pulley 2-4-2, and the second pulley 2-4-3, and then the commutator group 2-5 inputs the power to the second transmission shaft group 1-4 through the power output sprocket 2-5-2 and the first chain 2-6. At this time, the power is divided into two transmission directions. The power of the first transmission direction is transmitted from the second transmission shaft group 1-4 through the second The chain 1-2-3 is transmitted to the lower movable knife chain transmission group 1-5, and the second transmission direction power is transmitted to the upper movable knife chain transmission group 1-2 by the reversing gear group 1-6, the third transmission shaft group 1-3, and the second chain 1-2-3. The upper movable knife chain transmission group 1-2 drives the upper cutting knife 3-3-1 to rotate, and the lower power chain transmission group 1-5 drives the lower cutting knife 3-4-1 to rotate in the opposite direction; the rotation of the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 in the stalk conveying device 4 is provided by the second speed regulating motor 4-2-1, and the power is generated by the second speed regulating motor 4-2-1 and transmitted to the first special-shaped chain 4-2-3 through the third chain 4-2-2. The first special-shaped chain 4-2-3 drives the inclination adjustment mechanism 4-3 to rotate, and the output speed of the two motors can be changed by the frequency regulator to achieve different cutting speeds and feeding speeds.

Claims

1. A test bench for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutting device frame (1), a power input device (2), a cutting device (3) and a stalk conveying device (4), wherein the power input device (2) is fixed to the rear of the cutting device frame (1), the cutting device (3) is fixed to the top of the cutting device frame (1), and the stalk conveying device (4) is fixed to the front of the cutting device frame (1); the cutting device frame (1) comprises a support frame (1-1), an upper movable knife chain transmission group (1-2), a third transmission shaft group (1-3), a second transmission shaft group (1-4), a lower movable knife chain transmission group (1-5), a change shaft group (1-6), a transmission shaft group (1-7), a transmission shaft group (1-8), a transmission shaft group (1-9), a transmission shaft group (1-10), a transmission shaft group (1-111), a transmission shaft group (1-122), a transmission shaft group (1-13), a transmission shaft group (1-143), a transmission shaft group (1-154), a transmission shaft group (1-155), a transmission shaft group (1-156), a transmission shaft group (1-157), a transmission shaft group (1-158), a transmission shaft group (1-159), a transmission shaft group (1-251), a transmission shaft group (1-252), a transmission shaft group (1-364), a transmission shaft group (1-375), a transmission shaft group (1-386), a transmission shaft group (1-397), a transmission shaft group (1-44), a transmission shaft group (1-45), a transmission shaft group (1-465), a transmission shaft group (1-477), a transmission shaft group (1-48), a transmission shaft group (1-49), a transmission shaft group (1-51), a transmission shaft group (1-52), a transmission shaft group (1-53), a transmission shaft group (1-54), a transmission shaft group (1-55), a transmission shaft group (1-566), a transmission shaft group (1-57 The gear group (1-6) is provided in the upper movable knife chain transmission group (1-2), wherein the upper movable knife chain transmission group (1-2) includes a lower movable knife chain passive sprocket (1-2-1), two upper movable knife chain active sprockets (1-2-2), and a second chain (1-2-3); the lower movable knife chain transmission group (1-5) includes two upper movable knife chain passive sprockets (1-5-1), a lower movable knife chain active sprocket (1-5-2), and a third chain (1-5-3); the support frame (1-1) is fixed above the cutting device frame (1); and the upper movable knife chain transmission group (1-2) is arranged on the support frame (1- 1) on the upper right side, the upper movable knife chain transmission group (1-2) is respectively provided with a lower movable knife chain passive sprocket (1-2-1), an upper movable knife chain active sprocket (1-2-2) and a second chain (1-2-3) from bottom to top, the third transmission shaft group (1-3) is arranged on the right side of the middle of the support frame (1-1), the second transmission shaft group (1-4) is arranged on the left side of the middle of the support frame (1-1), the lower movable knife chain transmission group (1-5) is arranged on the left side above the support frame (1-1), and the second transmission shaft group (1-4) drives the lower movable knife chain transmission group (1-5) through the third chain (1-5-3). A movable knife chain transmission group (1-5), wherein the lower movable knife chain transmission group (1-5) is respectively provided with an upper movable knife chain passive sprocket (1-5-1), a third chain (1-5-3) and a lower movable knife chain active sprocket (1-5-2) from top to bottom, a reversing gear group (1-6) is arranged above the middle of the support frame (1-1), the second transmission shaft group (1-4) drives the third transmission shaft group (1-3) to rotate through the reversing gear group (1-6), and the third transmission shaft group (1-3) drives the upper movable knife chain transmission group (1-2) to rotate through the second chain (1-2-3); The cutting device (3) comprises an upper chain group (3-1), a conveying chain plate group (3-2), an upper special-shaped chain group (3-3), an upper cutting knife (3-3-1), a lower special-shaped chain group (3-4), and a lower cutting knife (3-4-1), wherein the conveying chain plate group (3-2) comprises a slotted conveying chain plate (3-2-1), a reed-pulling tooth mounting plate (3-2-2), a single-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-3), a double-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-4), and a conveying chain plate (3-2-5); the upper chain group (3-1) is arranged radially outside the upper moving knife chain driving sprocket (1-2-2) and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket (1-5-1) at the top, the upper special-shaped chain group (3-3) is arranged radially outside the upper moving knife chain driving sprocket (1-2-2) and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket (1-5-1) at the middle, and the conveying chain plate group (3-2) is arranged radially outside the upper moving knife chain driving sprocket (1-2-2) and the upper moving knife chain passive sprocket (1-5-1) at the middle. (3-2) is arranged at the middle of the upper chain group (3-1) and the upper special-shaped chain group (3-3), the slotted conveying chain plate (3-2-1) and the conveying chain plate (3-2-5) are connected in sequence to form a ring-shaped loop, the single-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-3) is fixed to the upper part of the slotted conveying chain plate (3-2-1) through the reed-pulling tooth mounting plate (3-2-2), the double-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-4) is fixed to the middle part of the slotted conveying chain plate (3-2-1) through the reed-pulling tooth mounting plate (3-2-2), the upper cutting knife (3-3-1) is fixed at the lower outer side of the upper special-shaped chain group (3-3), the lower special-shaped chain group (3-4) is arranged at the radial outer side of the lower movable knife chain passive sprocket (1-2-1) and the lower movable knife chain active sprocket (1-5-2), and the lower cutting knife (3-4-1) is fixed at the upper outer side of the lower special-shaped chain group (3-4).

2. A test bench for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power input device (2) comprises a power input device frame (2-1), a first speed regulating motor (2-2), a first transmission shaft group (2-3), a torque speed sensor (2-3-1), a belt transmission group (2-4), a commutator group (2-5), and a first chain (2-6), wherein the belt transmission group (2-4) comprises a belt (2-4-1), a first pulley (2-4-2), and a second pulley (2-4-3); the commutator group (2-5) comprises a commutator (2-5-1) and a power output sprocket (2-5-2); the power input device frame (2-1) is fixed to the rear of the cutting device frame (1); the first speed regulating motor (2-2) is fixed to the left side of the inside of the power input device frame (2-1); the first transmission shaft group (2-3) is fixed to the left side of the inside of the power input device frame (2-1); The first drive shaft assembly (2-3) is fixed on the right side of the first speed regulating motor (2-2), the torque speed sensor (2-3-1) is fixed on the radial outside of the first drive shaft assembly (2-3), the first pulley (2-4-2) is fixed on the right side of the first drive shaft assembly (2-3), the commutator (2-5-1) is fixed on the front upper part of the power input device frame (2-1), the power output sprocket (2-5-2) is fixed on the upper part of the commutator (2-5-1), the second pulley (2-4-3) is arranged on the right side of the commutator (2-5-1) and is fixedly connected to the commutator (2-5-1) input shaft, the second pulley (2-4-3) and the second pulley (2-4-3) are connected with a belt (2-4-1), and the power output sprocket (2-5-2) is connected to the second drive shaft assembly (1-4) through a first chain (2-6).

3. A test bench for a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stalk conveying device (4) comprises a conveying device frame (4-1), a conveying device transmission system (4-2), and an inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3), wherein the conveying device transmission system (4-2) comprises a second speed regulating motor (4-2-1), a third chain (4-2-2), and a first special-shaped chain (4-2-3); the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3) comprises a base (4-3-1), auxiliary support bolts (4-3-2), a damping hinge (4-3-3), a side support seat (4-3-4), a mounting plate (4-3-5), a fixing clamp (4-3-6), and an inclination fixing plate (4-3-7); the conveying device frame (4-1) is fixed inside the stalk conveying device (4); the conveying device transmission system (4-2) is fixed outside the conveying device frame (4-1); the second speed regulating motor (4-2-1) is fixed in front of the conveying device frame (4-1); On the right side, the third chain (4-2-2) connects the second speed regulating motor (4-2-1) and the driving roller of the first special-shaped chain (4-2-3), the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3) is fixed at equal intervals on the outside of the first special-shaped chain (4-2-3), the base (4-3-1) is fixed to the bottom of the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3), the auxiliary support bolts (4-3-2) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle of the base (4-3-1), the damping hinges (4-3-3) are symmetrically distributed on both sides above the base (4-3-1), the side support seat (4-3-4) is fixed above the damping hinge (4-3-3), the mounting plate (4-3-5) is fixed at equal intervals inside the side support seat (4-3-4), the fixing clamps (4-3-6) are fixed inside the mounting plate (4-3-5) in an upper and lower distribution, and the inclination fixing plate (4-3-7) is symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the side support seat (4-3-4).

4. The test bench of the bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The single-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-3) and the double-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-4) of the conveying chain plate group (3-2) are offsetly installed in the vertical direction from the upper cutter (3-3-1), specifically, with the vertical direction of the upper cutter (3-3-1) as the center line, the single-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-3) has the longest displacement from the center line, and the double-tooth reed-pulling tooth (3-2-4) has the second longest displacement from the center line.

5. The test bench of the bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 4 is characterized by: The spacing between the inclination adjustment mechanisms (4-3) is 500 mm, and all the inclination adjustment mechanisms (4-3) are installed at equal spacing. The width of the base (4-3-1) of the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3) and the side support seat (4-3-4) is 1000 mm, which is smaller than the effective operating range of the cutting device (3) of 1200 mm.

6. The test bench of the bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The angle α of the damping hinge (4-3-3) of the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3) is adjustable, and the angle α ranges from 0° to 15°. The adjusted angle can be fixed together by the damping hinge (4-3-3) of the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3) and the inclination fixing plate (4-3-7).

7. The test bench of the bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 6 is characterized by: A gasket is installed inside the fixing clamp (4-3-6) of the tilt angle adjustment mechanism (4-3), and the material of the gasket is flexible rubber.

8. The test bench of the bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device according to claim 7 is characterized by: The single-tooth reed-pulling teeth (3-2-3) and the double-tooth reed-pulling teeth (3-2-4) contact and bend the stems together to generate a stem bending deflection angle θ, the bending deflection angle θ being 10°, and the stems in the bent state are convenient for the upper cutting knife (3-3-1) and the lower cutting knife (3-4-1) to cut.

9. A method for testing a bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device, using the bending and shearing combined corn stalk cutting device test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Before the test begins, adjust the row spacing, plant spacing and inclination angle of green corn stalks. The row spacing and plant spacing of corn stalks can be changed by adjusting the position of the base (4-3-1) and the mounting plate (4-3-5). The side support seat (4-3-4) reaches a predetermined angle and fixes the damping hinge (4-3-3) by adjusting the opening of the inclination adjustment mechanism (4-3). Then, the auxiliary support bolt (4-3-2) and the inclination fixing plate (4-3-7) jointly assist the damping hinge (4-3-3) to complete the inclination adjustment. Step 2: adjusting the operating speed of the cutting device (3) and the stalk conveying device (4), by adjusting the input frequency of the first speed regulating motor (2-2) to change the output speed of the first speed regulating motor (2-2), thereby adjusting the movement speed of the upper and lower cutting knives. The speed adjustment method of the stalk conveying device (4) is similar to simulate the feeding speed of the cutting table during actual operation; Step 3: After the corn stalks are fixed on the stalk conveying device (4), the power input device (2) is first turned on to start the cutting device (3); after the cutting device (3) runs stably, the second speed regulating motor (4-2-1) is started to start the stalk conveying device (4); thereafter, the cutting operation of the test bench is completed and the test results are recorded.

Images