Antenna and wireless transceiver

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and a wireless transceiver, the antenna comprises a first radiation part and a second radiation part, the first radiation part is movably connected with the second radiation part, and the second radiation part can move relative to the first radiation part so that the antenna can be switched between a first state and a second state; when the antenna is in a first state, the first radiation part and the second radiation part are arranged side by side, and the end parts of the first radiation part and the second radiation part are aligned; and when the antenna is in a second state, the first radiation part and the second radiation part are arranged in an extending manner. The antenna reasonably configures the current directions and positions of the plurality of radiation sheets through a bending method or a telescoping method, has the advantages of variable gain, dominant difference points, same-size high performance or same-performance miniaturization while obtaining a horizontal omnidirectional high-gain antenna meeting design requirements, is suitable for wireless transceiving equipment with high-gain coverage requirements, and has wide application prospects. Such as a router.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and a transceiver device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing use of WIFI in recent years, routers have completely entered people's daily lives. Since setting the antenna outside the router host has the advantages of strong anti-interference and clean air environment, most routers on the market have external antennas.

[0003] However, for low-end routers, antenna specifications, antenna shapes, chip platforms and even ID (industrial design) are extremely similar, making it difficult to differentiate. How to further improve antenna performance to differentiate within cost and size constraints is crucial for low-end routers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an antenna and a wireless transceiver device. The antenna reasonably configures the current direction and position of multiple radiation plates by bending or telescoping, and obtains a horizontal omnidirectional high-gain antenna that meets the design requirements, and has the advantages of variable gain, dominant difference points, high performance of the same size or miniaturization of the same performance, and is suitable for wireless transceivers with high gain coverage requirements, such as routers.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna, comprising: a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, wherein the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are movably connected to each other, and the second radiating portion can move relative to the first radiating portion so that the antenna can switch between a first state and a second state;

[0006] When the antenna is in a first state, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are arranged side by side, and ends of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are aligned;

[0007] When the antenna is in the second state, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are extended.

[0008] The extended arrangement in this article refers to an arrangement in which the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are approximately located on the same straight line and are arranged in sequence along the straight extension direction, thereby extending the length of the antenna.

[0009] According to the first aspect, the antenna of the present application changes the relative positions of the second radiating part and the first radiating part, thereby changing the length of the antenna, and then changing the gain of the antenna, so that the length of the antenna can be shortened when stored, and the length can be increased when working to obtain a higher gain. Therefore, a higher antenna gain can be achieved in a smaller size, or a greater antenna gain can be achieved in the same size, and it has the advantages of portability, miniaturization, and easy packaging.

[0010] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the antenna further includes a first shell and a second shell, the second shell is rotatably connected to the first shell, the first radiating portion is located in the first shell, the second radiating portion is located in the second shell, and when the second shell rotates relative to the first shell, the second radiating portion is driven to rotate relative to the first radiating portion, so that the antenna can switch between a first state and a second state. In this way, the relative position of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is achieved by folding and unfolding the first shell and the second shell, thereby changing the gain of the antenna, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0011] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are made of rigid printed circuit cloth, and the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are connected by a flexible printed circuit board. This arrangement has a simple structure and can easily change the relative position of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

[0012] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are made of an integrated flexible printed circuit board. This arrangement is simple in structure and can easily change the relative position of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

[0013] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the connection position of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is the current zero point position of the antenna. This configuration enables the antenna to remain a horizontal omnidirectional antenna when in the first state, which can meet basic working coverage requirements.

[0014] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the antenna further includes a first shell and a second shell, a sliding connection is formed between the second shell and the first shell, the first radiating part is located in the first shell, the second radiating part is located in the second shell, and when the second shell slides relative to the first shell, the second radiating part is driven to slide relative to the first radiating part, so that the antenna can switch between the first state and the second state. In this way, the relative position of the first radiating part and the second radiating part is achieved by contracting and extending the first shell and the second shell, thereby changing the gain of the antenna, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0015] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are made of rigid printed circuit cloth, and the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are connected via a contact assembly. This arrangement has a simple structure and is easy to achieve relative position change and electrical connection between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

[0016] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the contact assembly includes a sliding contact and at least two metal contact parts, the sliding contact is located on the second radiating part, and the at least two metal contact parts are located on the first radiating part, and when the sliding contact slides to the corresponding position of one of the metal contact parts, the sliding contact is connected to the metal contact part to achieve electrical connection between the second radiating part and the first radiating part. This arrangement has a simple structure and can achieve electrical connection between the second radiating part and the first radiating part at a low cost.

[0017] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion each include a first end and a second end, and when the antenna is in a first state, the first end of the first radiating portion and the first end of the second radiating portion are aligned;

[0018] The at least two metal contact parts include a metal contact part located at the first end of the first radiating part and a metal contact part located at a position on the first radiating part corresponding to the second end of the second radiating part when the antenna is in the first state. This arrangement enables the second radiating part and the first radiating part to be electrically connected when the antenna is in the first state and the second state, so that the antenna is in a good working state.

[0019] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, when the antenna is in the first state, the metal contact portion on the first radiating portion corresponding to the second end of the second radiating portion is located at the current zero point of the antenna. This arrangement allows the antenna to remain a horizontal omnidirectional antenna when in the first state, and can meet basic working coverage requirements.

[0020] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, when the antenna is in the first state, the distance between the metal contact portion located at the position corresponding to the second end of the second radiating portion on the first radiating portion and the feeding point of the antenna is 1 / 4 wavelength. This arrangement enables the antenna to have good performance.

[0021] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, the antenna includes at least three radiating units, at least two radiating units are formed on the first radiating portion, and at least one radiating unit is formed on the second radiating portion. This arrangement enables the antenna to have a higher gain.

[0022] According to the first aspect, or any implementation of the first aspect above, two radiating units and an inverter are formed on the first radiating unit, and one radiating unit and an inverter are formed on the second radiating unit, and the length of the second radiating unit is one wavelength. This arrangement enables the antenna to have a higher gain.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a wireless transceiver device, comprising the antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0024] According to the second aspect, since the antenna of the first aspect of the present application is adopted, similar advantages are achieved.

[0025] According to the second aspect, or any implementation of the second aspect, the wireless transceiver device is a router. The router has similar advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a current wireless transceiver device;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary binary array Franklin antenna;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary three-element array Franklin antenna;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary Franklin antenna;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application in a folded state;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application in an unfolded state;

[0032] Figure 7-Figure 9 The Figure 2 The antenna structure shown, Figure 6 The antenna structure and Figure 5 The 3D directional diagram of the wifi2.4Ghz antenna made with the antenna structure shown;

[0033] Fig.10 Shown Figure 2 The antenna structure shown, Figure 6 The antenna structure and Figure 5 The horizontal plane gain comparison chart of the wifi2.4Ghz antenna made of the antenna structure shown;

[0034] Fig.11 for Figure 5 The current simulation diagram of the antenna shown;

[0035] Fig.12 for Figure 6 Illustration of the current simulation of the antenna shown;

[0036] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of an antenna in a retracted state provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of an antenna in an extended state provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.15 for Fig.13 and Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the connection between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion in the antenna shown;

[0039] Fig.16 for Fig.13 Illustration of the current simulation of the antenna shown;

[0040] Fig.17 for Figure 2 Illustration of current simulation for the antenna shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0043] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order of objects. For example, a first target object and a second target object are used to distinguish different target objects rather than to describe a specific order of target objects.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" refers to two or more than two. For example, multiple processing units refer to two or more processing units; multiple systems refer to two or more systems.

[0046] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant concepts involved in the embodiments of the present application are first briefly described.

[0047] Franklin antenna: Franklin antenna can generally refer to a variation of a symmetrical dipole antenna, in which the symmetrical dipole antenna can be regarded as an antenna formed by opening a section of an open dual transmission line. Franklin antenna is an antenna formed by using a microstrip patch to simulate an open dual transmission line. Usually, the Franklin antenna includes a plurality of microstrip patches that radiate signals outward, and the antenna connects the microstrip patches through an inverter. The inverter is used to change the phase of the signal transmitted by the antenna so that the current direction of the signal on the microstrip patch is the same. In addition, since the inverter is also a microstrip line, the antenna will also radiate a small amount of signal outward through the inverter. It should be understood that since the width of the inverter is usually small, the signal radiated outward through the inverter is limited, which is equivalent to the inverter not being the main unit in the antenna that radiates the signal outward.

[0048] Array antenna: An antenna system composed of many identical single antennas (such as symmetrical antennas) arranged in a certain pattern, also known as an antenna array. The independent units that make up the antenna array are called array elements or antenna units. If the array elements are arranged in a straight line or a plane, it is called a linear array or a planar array.

[0049] The wireless transceiver device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a wireless transceiver device such as a router, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a wireless transceiver device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Here, the wireless transceiver device is described as a router.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless transceiver device 100 includes a base 101, a support base 102 and an antenna 103. A mainboard is formed inside the base 101, and various circuit devices are arranged on the mainboard, such as wireless transceiver chips and other devices. The mainboard is electrically connected to the antenna 103, so as to send signals to the antenna 103 or receive signals from the antenna 103. The support base 102 is used to support the main body 101 so that the base 101 can be placed and dissipated more conveniently. The antenna 103 is rotatably connected to the base 101. When working, the antenna 103 is unfolded to obtain good performance, and when not working, it is folded and stowed for easy storage. Figure 1In the example shown, the wireless transceiver device 100 includes four antennas 103 arranged in an array. Each antenna 103 can be used to generate the same resonant frequency or different resonant frequencies. For example, all antennas 103 are used to generate a 2.4 GHz resonant frequency, or some antennas 103 are used to generate a 2.4 GHz resonant frequency and some antennas 103 are used to generate a 5 GHz resonant frequency.

[0052] Antenna 103 includes an antenna body located inside and a shell or rod sleeve surrounding the antenna body. Antenna 103 can adopt various structural types as needed. For example, antenna 103 is a Franklin antenna. Franklin antennas usually include multiple cascaded radiation units. The number of radiation units and the distance between each radiation unit have a great influence on the gain of the Franklin antenna. The greater the distance between each radiation unit and the greater the number of radiation units, the greater the gain of the Franklin antenna and the narrower the antenna beam. Figures 2 to 4 The structure of the Franklin antenna is described to better understand the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a binary array Franklin antenna. Figure 2 As shown, a conventional two-element array Franklin antenna includes a first radiating element 11 (i.e., radiating element A), a second radiating element (i.e., radiating element B), and an inverter 21. The first radiating element 11 is divided into two parts, one part is used as a feeding part, and the other part is used as a radiating part. After the first radiating element 11 is fed, the first radiating element 11 and the second radiating element 12 generate the same current, so that the antenna's directional pattern can be superimposed in the horizontal plane as the maximum radiation direction, thereby obtaining a higher gain.

[0054] for Figure 2 For the dual-element array antenna structure shown in FIG. 1 , the gain of the antenna is mainly determined by the distance and phase difference between the first radiating element 11 and the second radiating element 12. Under the premise of maintaining the same distance and phase difference, in order to further improve the gain of the antenna, Figure 2 On the basis of the antenna structure shown, a radiation unit and an inverter are added to change it into a three-element array antenna structure. According to array antenna theory, the gain of the three-element array with equal amplitude and phase will continue to increase.

[0055] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a three-element array Franklin antenna. Figure 3As shown, the Franklin antenna of the embodiment of the present application includes a first radiation unit 11 (i.e., radiation unit A), a second radiation unit 12 (i.e., radiation unit B), a third radiation unit 13 (i.e., radiation unit C), a first inverter 21, and a second inverter 22. The first inverter 21 is arranged between the first radiation unit 11 and the second radiation unit 12, and is used to change the phase of the signal transmitted from the first radiation unit 11, so that the current directions of the first radiation unit 11 and the second radiation unit 12 are the same. The second inverter 22 is arranged between the second radiation unit 12 and the third radiation unit 13, and is used to change the phase of the signal transmitted from the second radiation unit 12, so that the current directions of the second radiation unit 12 and the third radiation unit 13 are the same. The first radiation unit 11 is divided into two parts, one part is used as a feeding part, and the other part is used as a radiation part. After the first radiation unit 11 is fed, the first radiation unit 11, the second radiation unit 12, and the third radiation unit generate the same current, so that the antenna pattern can be superimposed on the horizontal plane as the maximum radiation direction, and a higher gain is obtained.

[0056] It should be understood that Figure 2 and Figure 3 The principle structure of the Franklin antenna is shown, and its specific implementation form can be selected in a suitable manner as needed. For example, the radiating unit can be in the form of a microstrip patch or a spiral metal body, both of which have strong radiation capabilities. Among them, the spiral metal body can refer to a spiral copper wire. The microstrip patch usually refers to a metal microstrip line etched on a printed circuit board (PCB). Usually, the PCB includes a metal layer and a dielectric layer. By etching the metal layer, a metal microstrip line of a preset shape is obtained, which is also a microstrip patch. Among them, the material of the dielectric layer can usually be an epoxy glass fiber cloth substrate (Flame Retardant 4, FR-4). The inverter generally uses a serpentine bent metal wire, which has a weak radiation capability.

[0057] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary Franklin antenna. Figure 4 As shown, the Franklin antenna includes a feeding branch 9, a feeding point 10, a first radiating unit 11, a second radiating unit 12, a third radiating unit 13, a first inverter 21 and a second inverter 22. Figure 4In the example shown, the antenna is a printed circuit board antenna (PCB antenna), and the feed branch 9, the feed point 10, the first radiation unit 11, the second radiation unit 12, the third radiation unit 13, the first inverter 21 and the second inverter 22 are formed on the printed circuit board, and the printed circuit board can be a rigid printed circuit board (i.e., a hard board) or a flexible printed circuit board (i.e., a soft board). The first radiation unit 11, the second radiation unit 12 and the third radiation unit 13 are in the form of microstrip patches, and the first inverter 21 and the second inverter 22 are serpentine bent metal wires.

[0058] The first radiation unit 11 (i.e., radiation unit A), the second radiation unit 12 (i.e., radiation unit B), the third radiation unit 13 (i.e., radiation unit C), the first inverter 21, and the second inverter 22 constitute the antenna radiation body. The head end of the antenna radiation body is connected to the feeding point 10; the feeding branch 9 includes a first branch segment and a second branch segment; the first branch segment is arranged on one side of the head end of the antenna radiation body, and the second branch segment is arranged on the other side of the head end of the antenna radiation body, the first branch segment and the second branch segment are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis of the head end of the antenna radiation body, and the middle part of the first branch segment and the middle part of the second branch segment are both connected to the feeding point 10. Exemplarily, the feeding branch 9 is a vertically symmetrical structure, and the whole is in an "H" shape.

[0059] It should be understood that Figure 4 This is just one specific example of a Franklin antenna, which may also take forms other than a printed circuit board antenna.

[0060] At present, Franklin antenna is widely used in external antennas of wireless routers as an antenna with simple structure, low cost, easy assembly and good tolerance. Figure 1 For the router shown in the figure, in general, for the convenience of packaging, the length of the plastic rod sleeves of the four antennas 103 of the router is the same as the width of the router base 101, which limits the length of the antenna 103 and further limits the gain of the antenna 103. As mentioned above, how to further improve the antenna performance to form differentiation under the cost and size constraints is crucial for low-end routers.

[0061] The embodiment of the present application is based on the basic principles of Franklin antenna and array antenna, and proposes an antenna structure, which folds or shrinks the lengthened antenna by adding a bending portion or a telescopic portion, so that the length of the antenna can be shortened when stored, and the length can be increased when working to obtain a higher gain. Therefore, a higher antenna gain can be achieved in a smaller size, or a greater antenna gain can be achieved in the same size, and it has the advantages of portability, miniaturization, and easy packaging.

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application in a folded state; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application in an unfolded state.

[0063] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the antenna 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a base 201, a first shell 202, a second shell 203, a first radiating portion 204, and a second radiating portion 205. The first shell 202 is connected to the base 201, and the first shell 202 and the base 201 can be fixedly connected or rotatably connected. The second shell 203 is rotatably connected to the first shell 202, that is, the second shell 203 can rotate relative to the first shell 202. Exemplarily, the second shell 203 is connected to the first shell 202 through a rotating shaft 206. The first radiating portion 204 is connected to the second radiating portion 205, and the first radiating portion is located in the first shell 202, and the second radiating portion 205 is located in the second shell 203. When the second shell 203 rotates relative to the first shell 202, the second radiating portion 205 can rotate relative to the first radiating portion 204, so that the antenna 200 Figure 5 The folded state shown is Figure 6 Switch between the expanded states shown.

[0064] The first radiation part 204 and the second radiation part 205 constitute the main body of the antenna, and the first shell 202 and the second shell 203 constitute the shell or sleeve of the antenna, which is used to cover the antenna body. The first radiation part 204 and the second radiation part 205 are made of metal materials, or at least the antenna components (such as radiation units, inverters, etc.) of the first radiation part 204 and the second radiation part 205 are made of metal materials. The first shell 202 and the second shell 203 are made of insulating materials such as plastic.

[0065] For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the first radiating portion 204 and the second radiating portion 205 are made of a rigid printed circuit board (i.e., a PCB hard board) and are connected by a flexible printed circuit board, so that the second radiating portion 205 can be folded or unfolded relative to the first radiating portion 204. The first radiating portion 204 and the second radiating portion 205 can also be made of an integrated flexible printed circuit board, so that the second radiating portion 205 can be folded or unfolded relative to the first radiating portion 204 as the second housing 203 is folded or unfolded relative to the first housing 202.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the folded antenna means that the angle between the second housing 203 (second radiating portion 205) and the first housing 202 (first radiating portion 204) is 0 degrees. The unfolded antenna means that the angle between the second housing 203 (second radiating portion 205) and the first housing 202 (first radiating portion 204) is 180 degrees.

[0067] For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the antenna body composed of the first radiating portion 204 and the second radiating portion 205 adopts Figure 3 or Figure 4 The antenna structure shown in FIG. The first radiating portion 204 is used as the main radiating portion, the first radiating unit 11 (i.e., radiating unit A), the second radiating unit 12 (i.e., radiating unit B) and the first inverter 21 (also called inverter A) are arranged on the first radiating portion 204, the second radiating portion 205 is used as the secondary radiating portion or the bending portion, and the third radiating unit 13 (i.e., radiating unit C) and the second inverter 22 (also called inverter B) are arranged on the second radiating portion 205. In other words, at the junction of the second radiating unit 12 (i.e., radiating unit B) and the second inverter 22 (i.e., inverter B), the antenna is bent to obtain the first radiating portion 204 and the second radiating portion 205. In this way, the bending portion of the antenna is at the zero point of the antenna current, so when the antenna is in a folded state, it still has a good antenna gain.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, since the antenna 300 adopts a bending structure to set the second radiating portion 205, the second inverter 22 is located above the third radiating unit 13 on the second radiating portion 205, so that when the antenna is unfolded, the second inverter 22 can be electrically connected to the second radiating unit 12.

[0069] Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present application, the length of the second radiation portion 205 is one wavelength.

[0070] In order to verify the performance of the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, the following comparative test is carried out using the wifi 2.4Ghz antenna as an example, and the Figure 2 The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna made of the antenna structure shown (herein referred to as the initial binary array), and Figure 5 and Figure 6 The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna is made by the antenna structure shown in Table 1. Figure 7-10 is the result of the above test. Figure 7-Figure 9 The Figure 2 The antenna structure shown, Figure 6 The antenna structure and Figure 5 The 3D radiation pattern of the wifi 2.4 GHz antenna made with the antenna structure shown. Fig.10 Shown Figure 2 The antenna structure shown, Figure 6 The antenna structure and Figure 5 The horizontal plane gain comparison chart of the wifi2.4Ghz antenna made with the antenna structure shown.

[0071] For example, in this test, Figure 3 The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna made with the antenna structure shown has a second radiating portion with a length of one wavelength.

[0072] Table 1

[0073] index Initial binary array Expanded Folded Housing / rod length 150mm 240mm 150mm Directivity coefficient dBi 5.14 6.72 4.39 Efficiency / dB -0.22 -0.26 -0.93 Gain / dBi 4.93 6.46 3.46

[0074] See Table 1 and Figures 7 to 9 It can be seen that compared with the current external antenna solution for routers, the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present application has the following characteristics: First, in the unfolded state, the antenna length increases by 90mm, the antenna gain increases by 1.5dB, and the antenna pattern is horizontal omnidirectional coverage. At this time, the antenna is in the best working state. Second, in the folded state, the efficiency and directivity of the antenna are deteriorated, and the gain is also reduced by 1.5dB, but the bend is located at the current zero point, and the pattern is still horizontal omnidirectional coverage, which can meet the basic working coverage requirements.

[0075] See also Fig.11 as well as Fig.12 It can be seen that in the unfolded state, the currents of the first radiation unit, the second radiation unit and the third radiation unit are distributed in the same direction, so that the antenna pattern can be superimposed in the horizontal plane as the maximum radiation direction to obtain a higher gain. In the folded state, the current phase between the first radiation unit, the second radiation unit and the third radiation unit has changed, and the current direction of the three radiation units has changed from three unidirectional currents to two unidirectional currents and one reverse current, that is, the phase difference of the three array elements has changed, resulting in a decrease in the directivity of the main lobe and a decrease in gain after the array is superimposed. In addition, the folded state will cause the antenna port impedance to change, and the resonant frequency will be about 180MHz lower than the initial binary array, causing a decrease in the efficiency of the operating frequency system, which further leads to a decrease in antenna gain.

[0076] In order to verify the performance of the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application conducted further comparative tests using a wifi 2.4Ghz antenna as an example. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2

[0078]

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the second radiating portion being suspended means that the second radiating portion is folded and electrically disconnected from the first radiating portion.

[0080] As shown in Table 2, when the second radiator is in a suspended state, the antenna gain is very low. The reason is that at this time, the second radiator will completely induce a reverse current, and the superposition effect of the binary array is further weakened. Therefore, the second radiator and the first radiator should always remain connected. When the length of the second radiator is less than one wavelength, the phases of the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are not completely in the same direction and the antenna structure is asymmetric, resulting in an upward tilt of the radiation pattern and a maximum radiation angle deviating from the horizontal plane.

[0081] It should be understood that although in the present application embodiments Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna shown is used as a reference to deform the folding antenna of the embodiment of the present application, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto, but can be improved and modified as needed. For example, the number of radiating units is not limited to three, and can also be four, in which case the first radiating portion can include three radiating units, the second radiating portion can include one radiating unit, or both the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion can include two radiating units. Of course, the number of radiating units can be changed as needed, and is not limited to the specific numbers given above.

[0082] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of an antenna in a retracted state provided in another embodiment of the present application; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of an antenna in an extended state provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0083] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the antenna 300 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a base 301, a first shell 302, a second shell 303, a first radiating portion 304 and a second radiating portion 305. The first shell 302 is connected to the base 301, and the first shell 302 and the base 301 can be fixedly connected or rotatably connected. The second shell 203 is slidably connected to the first shell 302, that is, the second shell 303 can rotate relative to the first shell 202. Exemplarily, the second shell 203 is connected to the first shell 202 through a slide groove. The first radiating portion 204 is connected to the second radiating portion 205, and the first radiating portion is located in the first shell 202, and the second radiating portion 205 is located in the second shell 203. When the second shell 203 slides relative to the first shell 202, the second radiating portion 205 can slide relative to the first radiating portion 204, so that the antenna 300 Fig.13 The contraction state shown is Fig.14 Switch between the extended states shown.

[0084] The first radiation part 304 and the second radiation part 305 constitute the main body of the antenna, and the first shell 302 and the second shell 303 constitute the shell or sleeve of the antenna, which is used to cover the antenna body. The first radiation part 304 and the second radiation part 305 are made of metal materials, or at least the antenna components (such as radiation units, inverters, etc.) of the first radiation part 304 and the second radiation part 305 are made of metal materials. The first shell 302 and the second shell 303 are made of insulating materials such as plastic.

[0085] For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the first radiating portion 304 and the second radiating portion 305 are made of a rigid printed circuit board (ie, a PCB hard board), and the first radiating portion 304 and the second radiating portion 305 are electrically connected via a contact assembly 306 .

[0086] Fig.15 for Fig.13 and Fig.14 The connection diagram between the first radiating part and the second radiating part in the antenna is shown. Fig.15 As shown, the contact assembly 306 includes a sliding contact 307 and a metal contact portion 308. When the sliding contact 307 contacts the metal contact portion 308, the first radiating portion 304 is electrically connected to the second radiating portion 305. In the embodiment of the present application, the sliding contact 307 is located on the second radiating portion 305, and can slide relative to the first radiating portion 304 as the second housing 303 slides. By sliding the second radiating portion 305, the sliding contact 307 can be moved to the position of the metal contact portion 308, so as to contact the metal contact portion 308, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the first radiating portion 304 and the second radiating portion 305. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two metal contact portions 308 are provided on the first radiating portion 304. The at least two metal contact portions 308 include a metal contact portion 308 located at the top of the first radiating portion, a metal contact portion 308 located at a position corresponding to the bottom of the second radiating portion 305 when the antenna is retracted, and one or more other metal contact portions between the two metal contact portions 308. Exemplarily, the number of the metal contacts is three.

[0087] For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the sliding contact 307 includes a fixing portion located on the second radiating portion 305 and a spherical contact connected to the fixing portion. The sliding contact 307 can be integrally formed with the radiating portion or can be formed separately and then fixed to the second radiating portion 305.

[0088] For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the metal contact portion 308 located at a position corresponding to the bottom end of the second radiating portion 305 when the antenna is retracted is located at the current zero point of the first radiating portion 304, that is, the junction of the first radiating unit 11 and the first inverter 12. The current zero point is a quarter of a wavelength away from the feeding point.

[0089] Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present application, the metal contact portion 308 located at the top of the first radiating portion is also located at the current zero point of the first radiating portion 304 , that is, when the antenna 300 is extended, the current zero point of the first radiating portion 304 is located at the junction of the second radiating unit 12 and the second inverter 22 .

[0090] It should be understood that a limiting structure such as a snap-on may be provided in the first shell 302 and the second shell 303. When the sliding contact 307 slides to the position of the metal contact portion 308, the first shell 302 and the second shell 303 may be fixed by the limiting structure, thereby enabling the sliding contact 307 to be electrically connected to the corresponding metal contact portion 308.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, antenna retraction refers to a state when the top of the second housing 203 (second radiating portion 205) is aligned with the top of the first housing 202 (first radiating portion 204). Antenna extension refers to a state when the bottom of the second housing 203 (second radiating portion 205) is aligned with the top of the first housing 202 (first radiating portion 204).

[0092] For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the antenna body composed of the first radiating portion 304 and the second radiating portion 305 adopts Figure 3 or Figure 4 The antenna structure shown in FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in which the first radiating portion 304 is used as a main radiating portion, the first radiating unit 11 (i.e., radiating unit A), the second radiating unit 12 (i.e., radiating unit B) and the first inverter 21 (also called inverter A) are arranged on the first radiating portion 304, the second radiating portion 305 is used as a secondary radiating portion or a sliding portion, and the third radiating unit 13 (i.e., radiating unit C) and the second inverter 22 (also called inverter B) are arranged on the second radiating portion 305.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, since the antenna 300 adopts a sliding structure to set the second radiating portion 305, the third radiating unit 13 is located above the second inverter 22 on the second radiating portion 305, so that when the antenna 300 is extended, the second inverter 22 can be electrically connected to the second radiating unit 12. When the antenna 300 is retracted, the second inverter 22 is electrically connected to the first radiating unit 11.

[0094] Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present application, the length of the second radiation portion 305 is one wavelength.

[0095] In order to verify the performance of the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, the following comparative test is carried out using the wifi 2.4Ghz antenna as an example, and the Figure 2The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna made of the antenna structure shown (herein referred to as the initial binary array) is Fig.13 and Fig.14 The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna made of the antenna structure shown, and Fig.13 and Fig.14 The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna is in the middle state of the two antenna states shown. Table 3 shows the results of the above test.

[0096] For example, in this test, Figure 3 The wifi 2.4Ghz antenna made with the antenna structure shown has a second radiating portion with a length of one wavelength.

[0097] Table 3

[0098]

[0099] The following conclusions can be drawn from Table 3:

[0100] First, relatively Figure 5 and Figure 6 The antenna 200 shown, Fig.13 and Fig.14 For the antenna 300 shown, the gain degradation can be reduced to 0.3 dB in the retracted state, that is, the retracted state of the antenna 300 has a higher gain or a smaller gain attenuation than the folded state of the antenna 200, thereby improving the antenna performance in the retracted state.

[0101] Second, the gain of antenna 300 in the extended state is on par with the antenna performance substrate of antenna 200 in the unfolded state, and has a significant gain improvement relative to the shrink sleeve, which is the best working state.

[0102] Third, when the sliding contact is adjusted within a certain range, the gain is between the contracted state and the extended state, and the direction of the maximum gain deviates from the horizontal plane.

[0103] Fig.16 for Fig.13 Illustration of the current simulation of the antenna shown; Fig.17 for Figure 2 A graphic representation of the current simulation for the antenna shown. Fig.16 and Fig.17 It can be seen that when the antenna 300 is in the contracted state, the second radiating portion 305 is equivalent to simply adding a shunt path, and the second radiating unit and the third radiating unit are equally radial and unidirectional currents with a very close distance. Compared with the current distribution of the initial two-element array, the current distribution in the contracted state has not undergone a qualitative change. Therefore, the directivity coefficient of the far-field radiation pattern and the antenna efficiency are basically the same as the initial two-element array.

[0104] It should be understood that although in the present application embodiments Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna shown is used as a reference to deform the folding antenna of the embodiment of the present application, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto, but can be improved and modified as needed. For example, the number of radiating units is not limited to three, and can also be four, in which case the first radiating portion can include three radiating units, the second radiating portion can include one radiating unit, or both the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion can include two radiating units. Of course, the number of radiating units can be changed as needed, and is not limited to the specific numbers given above.

[0105] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, wherein the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are movably connected to each other, and the second radiating portion can move relative to the first radiating portion so that the antenna can switch between a first state and a second state; When the antenna is in a first state, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are arranged side by side, and ends of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are aligned; When the antenna is in the second state, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are extended.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a first shell and a second shell, and a rotational connection is formed between the second shell and the first shell. The first radiating part is located in the first shell, and the second radiating part is located in the second shell. When the second shell rotates relative to the first shell, the second radiating part is driven to rotate relative to the first radiating part, so that the antenna can switch between the first state and the second state.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first radiation part and the second radiation part are made of rigid printed circuit cloth, and the first radiation part and the second radiation part are connected through a flexible printed circuit board.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first radiation portion and the second radiation portion are made of an integrated flexible printed circuit board.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The connection position between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is the current zero point position of the antenna.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a first shell and a second shell, a sliding connection is formed between the second shell and the first shell, the first radiating part is located in the first shell, and the second radiating part is located in the second shell, and when the second shell slides relative to the first shell, the second radiating part is driven to slide relative to the first radiating part, so that the antenna can switch between the first state and the second state.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The first radiation part and the second radiation part are made of rigid printed circuit cloth, and the first radiation part and the second radiation part are connected through a contact assembly.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The contact assembly includes a sliding contact and at least two metal contact parts, the sliding contact is located on the second radiating part, and the at least two metal contact parts are located on the first radiating part. When the sliding contact slides to the corresponding position of one of the metal contact parts, the sliding contact is connected to the metal contact part to achieve electrical connection between the second radiating part and the first radiating part.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The first radiating portion and the second radiating portion each include a first end and a second end, and when the antenna is in a first state, the first end of the first radiating portion is aligned with the first end of the second radiating portion; The at least two metal contact portions include a metal contact portion located at a first end of the first radiating portion and a metal contact portion located at a position on the first radiating portion corresponding to the second end of the second radiating portion when the antenna is in the first state.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the antenna is in the first state, the metal contact portion located on the first radiating portion at a position corresponding to the second end of the second radiating portion is located at a current zero point position of the antenna.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: When the antenna is in the first state, the distance between the metal contact portion located at a position on the first radiating portion corresponding to the second end of the second radiating portion and the feeding point of the antenna is 1 / 4 wavelength.

12. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna includes at least three radiation units, at least two radiation units are formed on the first radiation portion, and at least one radiation unit is formed on the second radiation portion.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: Two radiation units and an inverter are formed on the first radiation unit, and one radiation unit and an inverter are formed on the second radiation unit. The length of the second radiation unit is one wavelength.

14. A wireless transceiver device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1-13.

15. The wireless transceiver device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The wireless transceiver device is a router.

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