A friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of solid-state additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to a friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a worktable with a horizontal left-right moving mechanism at its upper end, a horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism to the left of the horizontal left-right moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism to the left of the horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism, and a second moving frame to the left of the lifting mechanism. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the second moving frame, and a stirring head is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft. A pneumatic rotating gripper is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second moving frame and mounted on the rotating shaft. A support plate is fixedly connected to the second moving frame and rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. A feeding mechanism is located at the upper end of the support plate. A loading mechanism is located at the upper end of the second moving frame. This invention eliminates the need for manual loading during the loading process, thus reducing the labor intensity of workers. Furthermore, continuous loading improves the additive manufacturing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-state additive manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus and method. Background Technology

[0002] Friction stir welding (FSW) is a mainstream method of solid-state additive manufacturing. It is an additive manufacturing technology based on the principle of friction welding. The working principle of FSW is that a consumable rod is rotated by a stirring tool and comes into contact with the substrate through friction. The heat generated by friction softens the end of the rod and flows out from the outlet of the stirring tool under the pressure of axial force, depositing onto the substrate. As the rod moves laterally and is gradually pressed down, a single-pass additive layer is formed on the substrate. The frictional heat and frictional deformation work cause the additive layer to form fine and uniform grains under the action of temperature field and plastic deformation. The material does not melt during the friction deposition process, so the mismatch between the substrate and the additive layer has a smaller impact, thus achieving better bonding between dissimilar materials. Moreover, the additive layer has fine and uniform grains and good mechanical properties.

[0003] In order to ensure the continuity of additive manufacturing, existing friction stir welding additive manufacturing equipment requires continuous feeding of bar raw materials. Currently, the bar raw material is fed manually. Although this allows additive manufacturing on the substrate surface, the inability to continuously feed the bar during the additive manufacturing process affects the additive manufacturing effect on the substrate surface. Therefore, it is necessary to design a friction stir welding additive manufacturing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a friction stir welding additive manufacturing device and method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a friction stir welding additive manufacturing device, comprising a worktable, a horizontal left-right moving mechanism at the upper end of the worktable, a horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism on the left side of the horizontal left-right moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism on the left side of the horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism, a second moving frame on the left side of the lifting mechanism, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the lower end of the second moving frame, the rotating shaft being cylindrical and hollow, and a stirring head fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft; a pneumatic rotating gripper fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second moving frame, the pneumatic rotating gripper being mounted on the rotating shaft; a support plate fixedly connected to the second moving frame, the support plate being rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and a feeding mechanism at the upper end of the support plate; a feeding mechanism at the upper end of the second moving frame, the feeding mechanism being used to push the bar material inside the feeding mechanism into the rotating shaft; and a power mechanism at the lower end of the second moving frame, the power mechanism being used to drive the stirring head to rotate.

[0006] further:

[0007] The horizontal left-right moving mechanism includes a first slide rail, a moving frame, a first motor, a rotating shaft, gears, and racks. The first slide rail is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the worktable. The moving frame is slidably connected to the first slide rail. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the moving frame. Gears are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft. There are two gears, which are symmetrically distributed on the rotating shaft. Racks are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower end of the worktable. The racks mesh with the gears. The first motor is fixedly connected to the rear end of the moving frame. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0008] further:

[0009] The horizontal forward and backward moving mechanism includes a support base, a first lead screw, a second motor, a first movable seat, and a second slide rail. The support base is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the left end of the movable frame. The first lead screw is rotatably connected inside the support base, and the first movable seat is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first lead screw. The second slide rail is fixedly connected inside the movable frame, and the second slide rail is slidably connected to the first movable seat. The second motor is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support base located at the rear side, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the first lead screw.

[0010] further:

[0011] The lifting mechanism includes a mounting frame, a third motor, a second lead screw, and a second movable seat. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the left side of the first movable seat. The second lead screw is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame. The second movable seat is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second lead screw. The second movable seat is fixedly connected to the second movable frame and slidably connected to the mounting frame. The third motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting frame, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the second lead screw.

[0012] further:

[0013] The feeding mechanism includes a holding frame, a second cylinder, and a pusher plate. The holding frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support plate. The inner width of the holding frame is equal to the diameter of the bar. The pusher plate is slidably connected inside the holding frame. The second cylinder is fixedly connected to the front end of the holding frame. The extended end of the second cylinder passes through the holding frame and is slidably connected to the holding frame. The extended end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the pusher plate.

[0014] further:

[0015] The feeding mechanism includes a first cylinder, a first guide rod, a first moving frame, a second guide rod, a third moving seat, and a pusher rod. The first cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second moving frame. The extended end of the first cylinder passes through the second moving frame and is slidably connected to it. The extended end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected to the first moving frame. The second guide rod is fixedly connected inside the first moving frame. The third moving seat is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the second guide rod. The pusher rod is rotatably connected inside the third moving seat. The first guide rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving frame and is slidably connected to the second moving frame.

[0016] further:

[0017] The axis of the push rod is on the same straight line as the axis of the rotating shaft, and the diameter of the push rod is smaller than the diameter of the bar.

[0018] further:

[0019] The upper end of the third movable seat is rotatably connected to a transmission rod, and the end of the transmission rod away from the third movable seat is rotatably connected to a moving rod. The upper end of the moving rod passes through the first movable frame and is slidably connected to the first movable frame. A spring is provided on the circumferential surface of the second guide rod. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the first movable frame, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the third movable seat.

[0020] further:

[0021] The power mechanism includes a fourth motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a belt. The fourth motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second moving frame. The output end of the fourth motor passes through the lower end of the second moving frame and is rotatably connected to the second moving frame. The driving wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor. The driven wheel is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft. The driven wheel and the driving wheel are connected by a belt.

[0022] An additive manufacturing method using a friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: Load the bar stock and use the feeding mechanism to feed it to the lower end of the feeding mechanism;

[0024] S2: When the bar reaches the lower end of the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism works to transport the bar into the rotating shaft;

[0025] S3: The power mechanism works in conjunction with the pneumatic rotary gripper to drive the rod inside the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the rod contacts and rubs against the substrate in a high-speed rotating state to form an additive layer in a plastic flow state.

[0026] S4: The lifting mechanism moves the mixing head downwards, causing the mixing head to stir and disperse the additive layer, and fully mix the additive layer and the substrate to complete the additive manufacturing process.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention sets up a feeding mechanism and a material feeding mechanism. When conveying the bar material inside the rotating shaft, the material feeding mechanism pushes the bar material to the lower end of the feeding mechanism. Then, with the cooperation of the feeding mechanism, the bar material can be conveyed into the rotating shaft. This achieves the purpose of continuous feeding, so that no manual feeding is required during the feeding process, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers. At the same time, due to continuous feeding, the additive manufacturing effect is also improved.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, by setting up a transmission rod, a moving rod, and a spring, allows the first cylinder to retract during feeding, which in turn moves the first moving frame upward. This, in conjunction with the third moving seat, moves the push rod upward. Simultaneously, when the moving rod contacts the second moving frame, it compresses the moving rod downward, causing the third moving seat to slide on the second guide rod in conjunction with the transmission rod. This positions the push rod away from the upper end of the rotating shaft and above and behind it. This facilitates the feeding mechanism in pushing the bar to the upper position of the rotating shaft. When the bar reaches the upper end of the rotating shaft, it falls into the rotating cylinder under gravity. Therefore, the stroke of the first cylinder does not need to be too large during feeding, eliminating the need for an excessively large cylinder and reducing the overall height of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first-view perspective;

[0031] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of section B;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of section C;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention from a second perspective;

[0035] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of section D in the middle;

[0036] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention from a third-person perspective;

[0037] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of section E in the middle;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power mechanism and the second moving frame of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of section F in the middle;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding mechanism and the second moving frame of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Enlarged view of section G in the middle.

[0043] Legend:

[0044] 1. Workbench; 2. Horizontal left-right moving mechanism; 201. First slide rail; 202. Moving frame; 203. First motor; 204. Rotating shaft; 205. Gear; 206. Rack; 3. Horizontal front-back moving mechanism; 301. Support base; 302. First lead screw; 303. Second motor; 304. First moving seat; 305. Second slide rail; 4. Lifting mechanism; 401. Mounting frame; 402. Third motor; 403. Second lead screw; 404. Second moving seat; 5. Feeding mechanism; 501. First cylinder 502. First guide rod; 503. First moving frame; 504. Second guide rod; 505. Third moving seat; 506. Push rod; 6. Feeding mechanism; 601. Container frame; 602. Second cylinder; 603. Push plate; 7. Second moving frame; 8. Power mechanism; 801. Fourth motor; 802. Drive wheel; 803. Driven wheel; 804. Belt; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Pneumatic rotary gripper; 11. Stirring head; 12. Support plate; 13. Moving rod; 14. Transmission rod; 15. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Reference Figure 1-13The present invention provides an additive manufacturing device for friction stir welding, comprising a worktable 1, a horizontal left-right moving mechanism 2 at the upper end of the worktable 1, a horizontal front-back moving mechanism 3 at the left side of the horizontal left-right moving mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 4 at the left side of the horizontal front-back moving mechanism 3, a second moving frame 7 at the left side of the lifting mechanism 4, a rotating shaft 9 rotatably connected to the lower end of the second moving frame 7, the rotating shaft 9 having a cylindrical hollow shape, and a stirring head 11 fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 9; a pneumatic rotating gripper 10 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second moving frame 7, the pneumatic rotating gripper 10 being mounted on the rotating shaft 9; a support plate 12 fixedly connected to the second moving frame 7, the support plate 12 being rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 9, a feeding mechanism 6 at the upper end of the support plate 12; a feeding mechanism 5 at the upper end of the second moving frame 7, the feeding mechanism 5 being used to push the bar material inside the feeding mechanism 6 into the rotating shaft 9; and a power mechanism 8 at the lower end of the second moving frame 7, the power mechanism 8 being used to drive the stirring head 11 to rotate.

[0046] Specifically, the substrate is first fixed on the worktable 1, and then the feeding mechanism 6 pushes the rod-shaped additive to the upper end of the rotating shaft 9. Then, with the cooperation of the loading mechanism 5, the rod-shaped additive can be transported into the interior of the rotating shaft 9. Then, the power mechanism 8 works, and with the cooperation of the pneumatic rotating gripper 10, it can drive the rod inside the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, and at the same time drive the mixing head 11 to rotate. Under the high-speed rotation, the rod comes into contact with the substrate and forms a plastic flow additive layer through friction. At the same time, with the cooperation of the lifting mechanism 4, the mixing head 11 can be driven to move down, so that the mixing head 11 can stir and disperse the additive layer and fully mix the additive layer and the substrate to complete the additive manufacturing. Meanwhile, with the cooperation of the horizontal left and right moving mechanism 2 and the horizontal forward and backward moving mechanism 3, a large-scale additive process can be performed on the upper end of the substrate.

[0047] The horizontal left-right moving mechanism 2 includes a first slide rail 201, a moving frame 202, a first motor 203, a rotating shaft 204, gears 205, and racks 206. The first slide rail 201 is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the worktable 1. The moving frame 202 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 201. The rotating shaft 204 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the moving frame 202. Gears 205 are fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 204. Two gears 205 are provided and symmetrically distributed on the rotating shaft 204. The lower end of the worktable 1 has two... A rack 206 is fixedly connected to each side, and the rack 206 meshes with the gear 205. A first motor 203 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the movable frame 202. The output end of the first motor 203 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 204. When working, the first motor 203 works, which drives the rotating shaft 204 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 205 to rotate. Then, with the cooperation of the rack 206, the movable frame 202 can move left and right on the first slide rail 201, which facilitates additive manufacturing on the substrate.

[0048] The horizontal forward and backward moving mechanism 3 includes a support base 301, a first lead screw 302, a second motor 303, a first moving seat 304, and a second slide rail 305. The support base 301 is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the left end of the moving frame 202. The first lead screw 302 is rotatably connected inside the support base 301, and the first moving seat 304 is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first lead screw 302. The second slide rail 305 is fixedly connected inside the moving frame 202, and the second slide rail 305 is slidably connected to the first moving seat 304. The second motor 303 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support base 301 located on the rear side. The output end of the second motor 303 is fixedly connected to the first lead screw 302. When working, the second motor 303 works, and with the cooperation of the first lead screw 302, it can drive the first moving seat 304 to slide on the second slide rail 305, thereby facilitating additive manufacturing on the substrate.

[0049] The lifting mechanism 4 includes a mounting frame 401, a third motor 402, a second lead screw 403, and a second movable seat 404. The mounting frame 401 is fixedly connected to the left side of the first movable seat 404. The second lead screw 403 is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame 401. The second movable seat 404 is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second lead screw 403. The second movable seat 404 is fixedly connected to the second movable frame 7 and slidably connected to the mounting frame 401. The third motor 402 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting frame 401. The output end of the third motor 402 is fixedly connected to the second lead screw 403. During operation, the third motor 402 works, and with the cooperation of the second lead screw 403, it can drive the second movable seat 404 to slide inside the mounting frame 401, thereby driving the second movable frame 7 to move up and down. When the second movable frame 7 moves down, it can drive the stirring head 11 to move down, so that the stirring head 11 can fully mix the additive layer and the substrate.

[0050] The feeding mechanism 6 includes a holding frame 601, a second cylinder 602, and a pusher plate 603. The holding frame 601 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support plate 12. The internal width of the holding frame 601 is equal to the diameter of the bar. The pusher plate 603 is slidably connected inside the holding frame 601. The second cylinder 602 is fixedly connected to the front end of the holding frame 601. The extended end of the second cylinder 602 passes through the holding frame 601 and is slidably connected to the holding frame 601. The extended end of the second cylinder 602 is fixedly connected to the pusher plate 603. During operation, the second cylinder 602 extends, and with the cooperation of the pusher plate 603, it can push the bar inside the holding frame 601 to move, thereby facilitating the pushing of the bar to the upper end of the rotating shaft 9.

[0051] The feeding mechanism 5 includes a first cylinder 501, a first guide rod 502, a first moving frame 503, a second guide rod 504, a third moving seat 505, and a pusher rod 506. The first cylinder 501 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second moving frame 7. The extended end of the first cylinder 501 passes through the second moving frame 7 and is slidably connected to it. The extended end of the first cylinder 501 is fixedly connected to the first moving frame 503. The second guide rod 504 is fixedly connected inside the first moving frame 503. The third moving seat 505 is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the second guide rod 504. The pusher rod 506 is rotatably connected inside the third moving seat 505. The first guide rod 502 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving frame 503, and the first guide rod 502 is slidably connected to the second moving frame 7. The axis of the pusher rod 506 is collinear with the axis of the rotating shaft 9, and the diameter of the pusher rod 506 is smaller than the diameter of the bar. During operation, when the bar is fed into the rotating shaft 9, the first cylinder 501 extends. At this time, with the cooperation of the first guide rod 502, the first moving frame 503 can be moved downward steadily, which in turn moves the third moving seat 505 and the push rod 506 downward. As the push rod 506 moves downward, it pushes the bar, which facilitates the contact between the bar and the substrate, thus making it easier to add an additive layer on the surface of the substrate. When it is necessary to load or unload a bar, the first cylinder 501 retracts, which can move the push rod 506 upward, so that the lower end of the push rod 506 is higher than the upper end of the holding frame 601, which facilitates the loading or unloading of a bar.

[0052] A transmission rod 14 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the third movable seat 505. A movable rod 13 is rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod 14 away from the third movable seat 505. The upper end of the movable rod 13 passes through the first movable frame 503 and is slidably connected to the first movable frame 503. A spring 15 is provided on the circumferential surface of the second guide rod 504. One end of the spring 15 is fixedly connected to the first movable frame 503, and the other end of the spring 15 is fixedly connected to the third movable seat 505. During operation, when moving a bar up or down, the first cylinder 501 retracts, which drives the first movable frame 503 to move upward. Then, with the cooperation of the third movable seat 505, the push rod 506 can be driven. As the first moving frame 503 moves upward, the moving rod 13 contacts the second moving frame 7, which then compresses the moving rod 13 downward. With the cooperation of the transmission rod 14, the third moving seat 505 can slide on the second guide rod 504, thereby making the push rod 506 move away from the upper end of the rotating shaft 9 and located above and behind the rotating shaft 9. This makes it convenient for the feeding mechanism 6 to push the bar to the upper end of the rotating shaft 9. When the bar reaches the upper end of the rotating shaft 9, it will fall into the rotating cylinder under the action of gravity. This means that the stroke of the first cylinder 501 does not need to be too large during feeding, and an excessively large cylinder is not required, thereby reducing the overall height of the equipment.

[0053] The power mechanism 8 includes a fourth motor 801, a driving wheel 802, a driven wheel 803, and a belt 804. The fourth motor 801 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second moving frame 7. The output end of the fourth motor 801 passes through the lower end of the second moving frame 7 and is rotatably connected to the second moving frame 7. The output end of the fourth motor 801 is fixedly connected to the driving wheel 802. The driven wheel 803 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 9. The driven wheel 803 and the driving wheel 802 are connected by a belt 804. When working, the fourth motor 801 works. At this time, with the cooperation of the driving wheel 802, the driven wheel 803, and the belt 804, the rotating shaft 9 can be driven to rotate. With the rotation of the rotating shaft 9, an additive layer can be formed on the surface of the substrate with the cooperation of the stirring head 11 and the rod.

[0054] An additive manufacturing method using a friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1: Load the bar stock and use the feeding mechanism 6 to feed it to the lower end of the feeding mechanism 5;

[0056] S2: When the bar reaches the lower end of the feeding mechanism 5, the feeding mechanism 5 works to transport the bar into the rotating shaft 9;

[0057] S3: The power mechanism 8 works in cooperation with the pneumatic rotating gripper 10 to drive the rod inside the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, so that the rod contacts and rubs against the substrate in a high-speed rotating state to form an additive layer in a plastic flow state.

[0058] S4: The lifting mechanism 4 drives the stirring head 11 to move downward, so that the stirring head 11 stirs and disperses the additive layer, and fully mixes the additive layer and the substrate to complete the additive manufacturing.

[0059] Working principle: In use, the substrate is first fixed on the workbench 1. Then, the second cylinder 602 extends, which, in conjunction with the pusher plate 603, pushes the rod inside the holding frame 601 to move, thus facilitating the movement of the rod to the upper end of the rotating shaft 9. After the rod reaches the upper end of the rotating shaft 9, it falls into the rotating shaft 9 under the action of gravity. Then, the first cylinder 501 extends, which, in conjunction with the first guide rod 502, drives the first moving frame 503 to move downwards stably, thereby driving the third moving seat 505 and the pusher rod 506 to move downwards. As the pusher rod 506 moves downwards, it pushes the rod, thus facilitating the movement of the rod. The rod contacts the substrate, facilitating the addition of an additive layer on the substrate surface. After the rod contacts the substrate, the power mechanism 8 operates, which, in conjunction with the pneumatic rotating gripper 10, drives the rod inside the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the stirring head 11 to rotate. Under high-speed rotation, the rod and substrate come into contact and rub against each other to form an additive layer in a plastic flow state. At the same time, with the assistance of the lifting mechanism 4, the stirring head 11 is driven to move downward, allowing the stirring head 11 to stir and disperse the additive layer, and fully mix the additive layer and the substrate to complete the additive manufacturing. Meanwhile, with the cooperation of the horizontal left-right moving mechanism 2 and the horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism 3, a large-scale additive process can be performed on the upper part of the substrate.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with a horizontal left-right moving mechanism (2) at its upper end. A horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism (3) is provided on the left side of the horizontal left-right moving mechanism (2). A lifting mechanism (4) is provided on the left side of the horizontal forward-backward moving mechanism (3). A second moving frame (7) is provided on the left side of the lifting mechanism (4). A rotating shaft (9) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the second moving frame (7). The rotating shaft (9) is cylindrical and hollow inside. A stirring head (11) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (9). A pneumatic rotating gripper (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the second moving frame (7). The pneumatic rotary gripper (10) is mounted on the rotating shaft (9); a support plate (12) is fixedly connected inside the second moving frame (7), and the support plate (12) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (9). A feeding mechanism (6) is provided at the upper end of the support plate (12); a feeding mechanism (5) is provided at the upper end of the second moving frame (7), and the feeding mechanism (5) is used to push the rod inside the feeding mechanism (6) into the rotating shaft (9); a power mechanism (8) is provided at the lower end of the second moving frame (7), and the power mechanism (8) is used to drive the stirring head (11) to rotate. The feeding mechanism (6) includes a holding frame (601), a second cylinder (602) and a pusher plate (603). The holding frame (601) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support plate (12). The internal width of the holding frame (601) is equal to the diameter of the bar. The pusher plate (603) is slidably connected inside the holding frame (601). The second cylinder (602) is fixedly connected to the front end of the holding frame (601). The extended end of the second cylinder (602) passes through the holding frame (601) and is slidably connected to the holding frame (601). The extended end of the second cylinder (602) is fixedly connected to the pusher plate (603). The feeding mechanism (5) includes a first cylinder (501), a first guide rod (502), a first moving frame (503), a second guide rod (504), a third moving seat (505), and a push rod (506). The first cylinder (501) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second moving frame (7). The extended end of the first cylinder (501) passes through the second moving frame (7) and is slidably connected to the second moving frame (7). The extended end of the first cylinder (501) is fixedly connected to the first moving frame (503). The second guide rod (504) is fixedly connected inside the first moving frame (503). The third moving seat (505) is slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the second guide rod (504). The push rod (506) is rotatably connected inside the third moving seat (505). The first guide rod (502) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving frame (503). The first guide rod (502) is slidably connected to the second moving frame (7). The upper end of the third movable seat (505) is rotatably connected to a transmission rod (14), and the end of the transmission rod (14) away from the third movable seat (505) is rotatably connected to a moving rod (13). The upper end of the moving rod (13) passes through the first movable frame (503) and is slidably connected to the first movable frame (503). A spring (15) is provided on the circumferential surface of the second guide rod (504). One end of the spring (15) is fixedly connected to the first movable frame (503), and the other end of the spring (15) is fixedly connected to the third movable seat (505).

2. The friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal left and right moving mechanism (2) includes a first slide rail (201), a moving frame (202), a first motor (203), a rotating shaft (204), a gear (205), and a rack (206). The first slide rail (201) is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the worktable (1). The moving frame (202) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (201). The rotating shaft (204) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the moving frame (202). The gear (205) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (204). There are two gears (205) and they are symmetrically distributed on the rotating shaft (204). The rack (206) is fixedly connected to both the lower ends of the worktable (1). The rack (206) meshes with the gear (205). The first motor (203) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the moving frame (202). The output end of the first motor (203) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (204).

3. The friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal forward and backward moving mechanism (3) includes a support base (301), a first lead screw (302), a second motor (303), a first moving seat (304), and a second slide rail (305). The support base (301) is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the left end of the moving frame (202). The first lead screw (302) is rotatably connected inside the support base (301), and the first moving seat (304) is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the first lead screw (302). The second slide rail (305) is fixedly connected inside the moving frame (202), and the second slide rail (305) is slidably connected to the first moving seat (304). The second motor (303) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the support base (301) located on the rear side, and the output end of the second motor (303) is fixedly connected to the first lead screw (302).

4. The friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (4) includes a mounting frame (401), a third motor (402), a second lead screw (403), and a second movable seat (404). The mounting frame (401) is fixedly connected to the left side of the first movable seat (304). The second lead screw (403) is rotatably connected inside the mounting frame (401). The second movable seat (404) is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the second lead screw (403). The second movable seat (404) is fixedly connected to the second movable frame (7). The second movable seat (404) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (401). The third motor (402) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting frame (401). The output end of the third motor (402) is fixedly connected to the second lead screw (403).

5. The friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the push rod (506) is on the same straight line as the axis of the rotating shaft (9), and the diameter of the push rod (506) is smaller than the diameter of the rod.

6. The friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism (8) includes a fourth motor (801), a drive wheel (802), a driven wheel (803), and a belt (804). The fourth motor (801) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second moving frame (7). The output end of the fourth motor (801) passes through the lower end of the second moving frame (7) and is rotatably connected to the second moving frame (7). The output end of the fourth motor (801) is fixedly connected to the drive wheel (802). The driven wheel (803) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (9). The driven wheel (803) and the drive wheel (802) are connected by a belt (804).

7. An additive manufacturing method using a friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising the friction stir welding additive manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: Load the bar stock and use the feeding mechanism (6) to feed it to the lower end of the feeding mechanism (5); S2: When the bar reaches the lower end of the feeding mechanism (5), the feeding mechanism (5) works to transport the bar into the rotating shaft (9); S3: The power mechanism (8) works in cooperation with the pneumatic rotating gripper (10) to drive the rod inside the rotating shaft (9) to rotate, so that the rod contacts and rubs against the substrate in a high-speed rotating state to form an additive layer in a plastic flow state. S4: The lifting mechanism (4) drives the stirring head (11) to move down, so that the stirring head (11) stirs and disperses the additive layer, and fully mixes the additive layer and the substrate to complete the additive manufacturing.

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