Liquid fertilizer based on meat and bone meal and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid fertilizer based on meat and bone meal and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological special fertilizers. The invention provides a method for pretreating meat and bone meal, which comprises the following steps: pretreating a mixture of meat and bone meal and water under an alkaline condition to obtain a suspension; the temperature of the pretreatment is 100 to 125 DEG C; the pressure of the pretreatment is 0.1 to 0.2 MPa; the pretreatment time is 20 to 60 minutes. The pretreatment method provided by the invention can improve the solubility of the meat and bone meal, increase the dissolution rate of proteins and organic matters in the meat and bone meal, and contribute to subsequent improvement of the enzymolysis efficiency. Besides, on the basis that the solubility of the meat and bone meal is improved, the proportion of the meat and bone meal in a mixture of the meat and bone meal and water in the subsequent enzymolysis process is increased, then the concentration of effective substances in the enzymatic hydrolysate is increased, the concentration process of the enzymatic hydrolysate is shortened, production links can be reduced, and the production cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biological special fertilizers, and in particular relates to a liquid fertilizer based on meat and bone meal and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Meat and bone meal is a product made from inedible livestock carcasses, leftover meat, bones, and internal organs from livestock and poultry slaughterhouses, which is steamed at high temperature, defatted, dried, and crushed. The defatted meat and bone meal is rich in organic matter and protein, and is a very good fertilizer raw material.

[0003] At present, the bio-enzymatic method for preparing meat and bone meal liquid fertilizer is a method of using specific enzymes to degrade and transform organic matter in meat and bone meal to prepare meat and bone meal liquid fertilizer, but the enzymatic efficiency of the bio-enzymatic method needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid fertilizer based on meat and bone meal and application thereof. The preparation method of the present invention can improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of preparing meat and bone meal liquid fertilizer by biological enzyme method.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for pretreating meat and bone meal, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Pretreating a mixture of meat and bone meal and water under alkaline conditions to obtain a suspension;

[0007] The pretreatment temperature is 100-125° C.; the pretreatment pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; and the pretreatment time is 20-60 min.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the meat and bone meal to the volume of water is 1 g: (2.5-3) mL.

[0009] Preferably, the pH value of the mixture is 10-11; and the reagent used to adjust the pH value of the mixture includes KOH.

[0010] Preferably, the pretreatment time is 20 to 40 minutes.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0012] The suspension prepared by the method described in the above scheme is mixed with protease, and an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is carried out to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysis product; the enzymatic hydrolysis product is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the liquid component is collected to obtain a liquid fertilizer raw material.

[0013] Preferably, the protease includes alkaline protease and neutral protease; the mass percentage of the alkaline protease in the suspension is 0.089% to 0.25%; the mass percentage of the neutral protease in the suspension is 0.1% to 0.16%.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is 50-55° C.; the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is accompanied by stirring, and the stirring speed is 150-250 rpm; and the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction time is 6-8 h.

[0015] The present invention also provides a liquid fertilizer, which contains the liquid fertilizer raw material prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-600 parts of the liquid fertilizer raw material, 7-9 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 8-12 parts of EDTA iron, 2-4 parts of EDTA manganese, 4-6 parts of EDTA zinc, 1-2 parts of EDTA copper and 0.8-1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate.

[0017] The present invention also provides a liquid fertilizer raw material prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme or the use of the liquid fertilizer in promoting crop growth and / or increasing crop yield.

[0018] The present invention provides a method for pretreating meat and bone meal, wherein the method of the present invention is to pretreat a mixture of meat and bone meal and water under alkaline conditions to obtain a suspension; the temperature of the pretreatment is 100 to 125°C; the pressure of the pretreatment is 0.1 to 0.2 MPa; and the time of the pretreatment is 20 to 60 minutes. The pretreatment method of the present invention can improve the solubility of meat and bone meal, increase the dissolution rate of protein and organic matter in the meat and bone meal, and help to improve the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. In addition, on the basis of improving the solubility of meat and bone meal, the present invention also helps to improve the efficiency of the action of enzymes and substrates during the enzymatic hydrolysis process, thereby increasing the concentration of effective substances in the enzymatic hydrolyzate, reducing the concentration process of the enzymatic hydrolyzate, reducing the production links, and saving production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 Process flow chart for preparing liquid fertilizer raw materials by pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of meat and bone meal;

[0021] Figure 2Photos of aboveground parts of different treatment groups;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the statistical result of cucumber fruit at the end of the experiment for different treatment groups. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The invention provides a method for pretreating meat and bone meal, comprising the following steps: pretreating a mixture of meat and bone meal and water under alkaline conditions to obtain a suspension; the pretreatment temperature is 100-125°C; the pretreatment pressure is 0.1-0.2MPa; and the pretreatment time is 20-60min.

[0024] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, solid meat and bone meal and water are mixed to obtain a mixture; the pH value of the mixture is adjusted to alkaline, and pretreatment is performed to obtain a suspension.

[0025] The invention firstly mixes solid meat and bone meal with water to obtain a mixed material.

[0026] In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of the meat and bone meal to the volume of water is preferably 1 g: (2.5-3) mL. The pretreatment method of the present invention can improve the solubility of meat and bone meal, increase the dissolution rate of protein and organic matter in the meat and bone meal, and thus improve the efficiency of subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0027] In addition, in the existing method, in order to improve the efficiency of protein hydrolysis, the ratio of meat and bone meal to water is generally low, about 1:10. Therefore, in order to meet the product standard requirements, the enzymatic solution must be concentrated, which increases the cost. The present invention can improve the efficiency of the enzyme and substrate in the enzymatic hydrolysis process on the basis of improving the solubility of meat and bone meal, thereby increasing the concentration of effective substances in the enzymatic solution, reducing the concentration process of the enzymatic solution, reducing the production links, saving production costs, and helping to improve the resource utilization efficiency of meat and bone meal.

[0028] In the present invention, the pH value of the mixture is preferably ≥10, more preferably 10-13, and most preferably 10 or 11.

[0029] After obtaining the mixture, the present invention adjusts the pH value of the mixture, performs pretreatment, and obtains a suspension; the pretreatment temperature is 100-125° C.; the pretreatment pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; and the pretreatment time is 20-60 min.

[0030] In the present invention, the reagent used to adjust the pH value of the mixture preferably includes a KOH aqueous solution; the concentration of KOH in the KOH aqueous solution is 2 mol / L.

[0031] In the present invention, the pretreatment temperature is preferably 105° C.; the pretreatment time is preferably 20 to 40 minutes, more preferably 30 minutes.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material, comprising the following steps: mixing the suspension prepared by the method described in the above scheme with a protease, performing an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, and obtaining an enzymatic hydrolysis product; performing solid-liquid separation on the enzymatic hydrolysis product, collecting the liquid component, and obtaining a liquid fertilizer raw material.

[0033] The present invention first mixes the suspension prepared by the method described in the above scheme with protease, performs enzymolysis reaction, and obtains enzymolysis products.

[0034] In the present invention, the protease preferably includes one or more of alkaline protease, neutral protease and bone protease, more preferably includes alkaline protease and neutral protease, and most preferably consists of alkaline protease and neutral protease; the mass percentage of the alkaline protease in the suspension is preferably 0.089% to 0.25%, more preferably 0.16%; the mass percentage of the neutral protease in the suspension is preferably 0.1% to 0.16%, more preferably 0.13%.

[0035] In the present invention, the temperature of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is preferably 50-55°C; the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is accompanied by stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 150-250 rpm, more preferably 200 rpm; the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction time is preferably 6-8 h.

[0036] After the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, the present invention preferably further comprises inactivating the enzyme; the enzyme inactivation conditions include inactivating at 100° C. for 20 minutes.

[0037] After obtaining the enzymolysis product, the present invention performs solid-liquid separation on the enzymolysis product, collects the liquid component, and obtains a liquid fertilizer raw material.

[0038] In the present invention, the solid-liquid separation includes centrifugation; the speed of the centrifugation is preferably 5000 rpm; the time of the centrifugation is preferably 10 minutes. In the present invention, the enzymatic supernatant and the residue are separated by centrifugation, and the obtained supernatant is the liquid fertilizer raw material.

[0039] In the present invention, the liquid fertilizer raw material is rich in organic matter, peptides and amino acids, K + In the present invention, the organic matter content in the liquid fertilizer raw material is ≥200g / L, and the content of small peptides with a molecular weight less than 1000Da in the liquid fertilizer raw material accounts for more than 70% of the total peptide content.

[0040] The present invention also provides a liquid fertilizer, which contains the liquid fertilizer raw material prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme.

[0041] In the present invention, the liquid fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-600 parts of the liquid fertilizer raw material, 7-9 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 8-12 parts of EDTA iron, 2-4 parts of EDTA manganese, 4-6 parts of EDTA zinc, 1-2 parts of EDTA copper and 0.8-1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate.

[0042] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the liquid fertilizer is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 500-600 parts of the liquid fertilizer raw material, 7-9 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 8-12 parts of EDTA iron, 2-4 parts of EDTA manganese, 4-6 parts of EDTA zinc, 1-2 parts of EDTA copper and 0.8-1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate.

[0043] In the present invention, the preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the components included in the liquid fertilizer to obtain the liquid fertilizer.

[0044] The present invention also provides a liquid fertilizer raw material prepared by the preparation method described in the above scheme or the use of the liquid fertilizer in promoting crop growth and / or increasing crop yield.

[0045] In the present invention, the crop includes cucumber; and the method of promoting crop growth includes promoting the growth of cucumber fruits.

[0046] In the present invention, the liquid fertilizer raw material or the liquid fertilizer application method includes spraying; the spraying includes the seedling stage and / or the early flowering stage; the dilution multiple when applying in the seedling stage is preferably 1000 times; the dilution multiple when applying in the early flowering stage is preferably 500 times.

[0047] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a liquid fertilizer based on meat and bone meal and its application provided by the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1 Method for preparing liquid fertilizer raw material by pretreatment of meat and bone meal and enzymatic hydrolysis

[0049] Specific process flow such as Figure 1 shown.

[0050] Solid meat and bone meal is mixed with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:2.5mL, the pH is adjusted to 10-11 with KOH, and the mixture is treated at 105°C and 0.1MPa for 30 minutes, and the obtained suspension is used for the next enzymatic hydrolysis reaction; 0.13% neutral protease and 0.16% alkaline protease are added to the suspension, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is adjusted to 55°C and the stirring speed is 200rpm, and after enzymatic hydrolysis for 6 hours, the enzyme reaction is inactivated at 100°C for 20 minutes; centrifugation is performed at 5000rpm for 10 minutes, and the enzymatic hydrolysis supernatant is separated to obtain a liquid fertilizer raw material.

[0051] Example 2 Detection of nutrient content and enzymolysis rate in meat and bone meal enzymolysis solution

[0052] The enzymatic supernatant obtained in Example 1 was tested for soluble organic matter, amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients according to NY / T-1976-2010 and NY / T-1977-2010; after the residue was dried at 80°C for 6h (water content <6%), the residue weight was weighed, and (initial dry weight of meat and bone meal - residue weight) / initial dry weight of meat and bone meal × 100% = meat and bone meal enzymatic hydrolysis rate. From the test results, the contents of organic matter, hydrolyzed amino acids and effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the supernatant obtained by this scheme were 225g / L, 178g / L, 36.1g / L, 1.99g / L and 15.28g / L, respectively; the hydrolysis efficiency of meat and bone meal reached 79% to 85%.

[0053] Example 3 Effect of meat and bone meal hydrolyzate on crop growth performance

[0054] Cucumber was used as the experimental object, and commercial liquid fertilizer products and clean water were used as controls. The commercial liquid fertilizer products were applied according to their instructions, and the spraying dose of the clean water control was consistent with the spraying dose of the diluted enzymatic solution. The growth-promoting status of the above enzymatic solution was measured and evaluated, and each experiment and control group were repeated in three areas. Starting from the first week after cucumber transplanting, spraying was performed on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after transplanting. The enzymatic supernatant was diluted 1000 times for the first spraying, and the spraying dose was 5 ml per plant. The second and third subsequent sprayings were diluted 500 times, and the spraying dose was 10 ml per plant. A total of three sprayings were performed. On the 28th day, the fresh weight of the aboveground part, the fresh weight of the melon, and the length of the melon were counted. Figure 2 and 3 As shown in Table 1, the fresh weight of the aboveground part of cucumber in the enzymatic hydrolysate experimental group was higher than that in the commercial liquid fertilizer group, but there was no significant difference; while the fresh weight and length of cucumber were significantly higher than those in the commercial liquid fertilizer group (P < 0.05), indicating that the meat and bone meal enzymatic hydrolysate prepared by this method can significantly increase the yield of cucumber.

[0055] Table 1 Analysis of the effect of enzymatic hydrolysate on cucumber growth performance

[0056] Growth performance indicators Water control group Commercial liquid fertilizer kit Enzyme hydrolysate group Fresh weight of aboveground parts (g / plant) 37.84±1.25b 40.22±1.11a 41.05±1.09a Fresh weight of melon (g / plant) 0.11±0.01c 0.75±0.13b 1.59±0.12a Average melon length (cm) 1.08±0.11c 1.37±0.10b 1.98±0.18a

[0057] Comparative Example 1 Comparison of the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of meat and bone meal with different proteases before and after pretreatment

[0058] After the meat and bone meal and water were prepared into a suspension at a ratio of 1:2.5, a part was pretreated according to the method of Example 1, and a part was directly enzymatically hydrolyzed without pretreatment. Alkaline protease, neutral protease, alkaline protease + neutral protease and bone protease were selected for enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions are as follows: the added dosage is alkaline protease (0.16%), neutral protease (0.13%), alkaline protease (0.16%) + neutral protease (0.13%) and bone protease (0.22%), the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 55°C, the rotation speed is 200rpm, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 6h, and the enzymatic hydrolysis rates of different treatment groups are statistically analyzed (the determination method refers to Example 2), and the results are shown in Table 2:

[0059] Table 2 Statistics of differences in enzymatic hydrolysis rates of meat and bone meal under different treatments

[0060]

[0061] Lowercase letters in the table represent the difference analysis of the hydrolysis rate of meat and bone meal treated with four proteases in different pretreatment groups in each column (p < 0.05); uppercase letters represent the difference in the hydrolysis rate of meat and bone meal treated with the same protease in different pretreatments in each row (p < 0.01).

[0062] Comparative Example 2 Effect of different pH pretreatments on the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of meat and bone meal

[0063] After the suspension is prepared with meat and bone meal and water at a ratio of 1:2.5, the pH of the suspension is adjusted to 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, and the suspension is treated for 30 minutes at 105°C and 0.1MPa. The suspension is hydrolyzed with alkaline protease + neutral protease, and the enzyme addition dosage and hydrolysis conditions refer to Example 1. The enzymatic hydrolysis rate of the meat and bone meal after different pH pretreatments is statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen from Table 3 that after pretreatment above pH 10.0, the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of the meat and bone meal reaches more than 79.51%. Considering the acidity and alkalinity of the enzymatic hydrolyzate, pH 10.0-11.0 is preferably selected in the later stage.

[0064] Table 3: Statistics of enzymatic hydrolysis rate of meat and bone meal after different pH pretreatment

[0065] pH 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 Enzymatic hydrolysis rate (%) 61.08±2.54 79.51±1.16 84.42±0.33 85.01±0.97 84.99±0.66 pH of enzyme solution 7.04 7.67 8.22 9.18 9.56

[0066] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pretreating meat and bone meal, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pretreating a mixture of meat and bone meal and water under alkaline conditions to obtain a suspension; The pretreatment temperature is 100-125° C.; the pretreatment pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; and the pretreatment time is 20-60 min.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of the mass of the meat and bone meal to the volume of water is 1 g: (2.5-3) mL.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pH value of the mixture is 10-11; the reagent used to adjust the pH value of the mixture includes KOH.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pretreatment time is 20 to 40 minutes.

5. A method for preparing a liquid fertilizer raw material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Mixing the suspension prepared by the method of claim 1 with a protease, and performing an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysis product; The enzymatic hydrolysis product is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the liquid component is collected to obtain a liquid fertilizer raw material.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protease comprises alkaline protease and neutral protease; the mass percentage of the alkaline protease in the suspension is 0.089% to 0.25%; the mass percentage of the neutral protease in the suspension is 0.1% to 0.16%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The temperature of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is 50-55° C.; the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is accompanied by stirring, and the stirring speed is 150-250 rpm; the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction time is 6-8 hours.

8. A liquid fertilizer, characterized in that: A liquid fertilizer raw material comprising the liquid fertilizer raw material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7.

9. The liquid fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that The liquid fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-600 parts of the liquid fertilizer raw material, 7-9 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 8-12 parts of EDTA iron, 2-4 parts of EDTA manganese, 4-6 parts of EDTA zinc, 1-2 parts of EDTA copper and 0.8-1.5 parts of ammonium molybdate.

10. Use of the liquid fertilizer raw material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 or the liquid fertilizer according to claim 8 or 9 in promoting crop growth and / or increasing crop yield.

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