A tunnel support cabin with ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support cabins, and specifically to a tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production, comprising a tunnel support cabin main body, a protective cover fixedly installed on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin main body, and a control device fixedly installed on the top lower surface of the tunnel support cabin main body. The beneficial effects are as follows: an air filter cartridge cooperates with a self-adsorption component, the air filter cartridge introduces air and filters out dust and impurities, the air is compressed by an air compressor and delivered to the self-adsorption component, the self-adsorption component is provided with an adsorption cylinder 1 and an adsorption cylinder 2 which alternately change the working pressure periodically, and utilize the ventilation pipe and the molecular adsorption bed to fill the molecular adsorption material to realize the effective separation of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases in the air, and can extract high-concentration oxygen from the air for enrichment to meet the breathing needs of the refugees in the support cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support cabins, and in particular relates to a tunnel support cabin capable of ventilating and self-adsorbing oxygen production. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction is a high-risk job, especially when the geological conditions are bad and the rock quality is poor. Conventional construction methods can easily cause landslides. Tunnel construction requires the establishment of a safety cabin to ensure the safety of construction workers in the tunnel. The tunnel safety cabin, also commonly known as the tunnel emergency refuge escape cabin or the tunnel construction lifesaving cabin, is an important equipment designed specifically for tunnel construction safety. It aims to provide a temporary safe refuge for tunnel workers in the event of emergencies such as collapse, fire and other emergencies, so as to protect their lives and wait for rescue. The development and application of the tunnel safety cabin reflects the importance of improving construction safety in the field of tunnel construction, reduces the risk of accidents, and ensures the life safety of workers. However, during the period of staying in the tunnel for some reason, the air quality may deteriorate, such as lack of oxygen, accumulation of harmful gases, excessive dust, etc., which will make it difficult to guarantee the breathing needs of the refugees, making the living environment of the refugees relatively limited, affecting the survival chances of the refugees.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent document with publication number CN117823220B proposes a tunnel construction safety cabin, including: an outer shell, a safety cabin, a buffer cabin, an emergency cabin, a metal frame, a protective airtight mechanism, a protective component, a detection mechanism, a storage cabin, a communication device, a controller and an emergency toilet to solve the above problems. However, oxygen needs to be transported to the safety cabin from the outside through a connecting pipe. In the absence of external rescue forces, the breathing needs of the refugees in the safety cabin are difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a ventilated tunnel safety cabin with self-adsorption oxygen production, which solves the problem in the prior art that the safety cabin needs the outside world to transport oxygen to the safety cabin through a connecting pipe, and the breathing needs of the refugees in the safety cabin are difficult to guarantee without the intervention of external rescue forces. The designed air filtration and self-adsorption oxygen production technology are combined to continuously or on demand exchange the air inside and outside the cabin to maintain good air circulation, reduce the accumulation of harmful gases, and ensure the breathing needs of the refugees in the cabin. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support cabin with ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising a tunnel support cabin main body, a protective cover is fixedly installed on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin main body, a control device is fixedly installed on the top lower surface of the tunnel support cabin main body, an air inlet is arranged at one end of the protective cover, an exhaust port is opened on the side wall of the protective cover, an air filter cartridge is arranged on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin main body close to the protective cover, an air compressor is arranged on one side of the air filter cartridge, a cooling pipe is fixedly installed on the output pipe end of the air compressor, a self-adsorption component is arranged at one end of the cooling pipe, the self-adsorption component comprises an adsorption cylinder 1 and an adsorption cylinder 2, an oxygen storage tank is arranged between the adsorption cylinder 1 and the adsorption cylinder 2.

[0007] Preferably, an air intake hood is fixedly installed at one end of the air filter cartridge close to the protective cover through a flange, an exhaust hood is fixedly installed at the other end of the air filter cartridge, the inner wall of the exhaust hood is fixedly connected to the input pipe of the air compressor, and an air intake fan is fixedly installed at one end of the air filter cartridge close to the exhaust hood.

[0008] Preferably, a protective frame is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner surface of the air filter cartridge, and the protective frame is a conical frame. A small sealing ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of one end of the protective frame close to the protective cover, a spherical dispersion guide plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of one end of the protective frame close to the protective cover, a large sealing ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of the other end of the protective frame, and a limiting rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the other end of the protective frame.

[0009] Preferably, a filter cover support base is arranged between the protective frame and the air intake fan, the outer surface of the filter cover support base is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the air filter cartridge, a ventilation cover is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the filter cover support base, a dust filter is rotatably installed on the outer side of the ventilation hood, and the dust filter is arranged inside the protective frame.

[0010] Preferably, a movable ring is sleeved on the outer side of the ventilation hood, a gear is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting piece of the dust filter, a rack is fixedly installed on one side of the movable ring, and the side surface of the rack is meshed with the outer side surface of the gear.

[0011] Preferably, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the filter cover support base close to the air intake fan, the output end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the movable ring, and the other side of the outer surface of the movable ring is provided with a limiting sliding hole adapted to the limiting rod.

[0012] Preferably, a heat sink is provided on the outside of the cooling pipe, and the heat sink is fixedly mounted on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body. The inner wall of the heat sink is evenly distributed with heat dissipation fins. A heat dissipation groove is provided at the bottom of the heat sink, and the position of the heat dissipation groove corresponds to the position of the exhaust port. An air inlet hood is fixedly mounted on the top of the heat sink, and a fan is rotatably mounted on the top lower surface of the air inlet hood.

[0013] Preferably, a sealing cover is fixedly installed at one end of the adsorption cylinder 1 and the adsorption cylinder 2, an air delivery tee is fixedly installed at one end of the cooling tube close to the sealing cover, and both ends of the air delivery tee are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two groups of sealing covers, and an oxygen delivery tee is fixedly installed at one end of the oxygen storage tank away from the air delivery tee, and both ends of the oxygen delivery tee are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the other ends of the adsorption cylinder 1 and the adsorption cylinder 2.

[0014] Preferably, a molecular filtration sieve is fixedly installed on the inner surface of one end of the adsorption cylinder 1 and the adsorption cylinder 2 close to the oxygen delivery tee, a ventilation pipe is fixedly installed in the middle of the two groups of molecular filtration sieves, and the inlet ends of the two groups of ventilation pipes are respectively connected to the two ends of the air delivery tee, and a molecular adsorption bed is fixedly installed on the inner side of the molecular filtration sieve, and a first limiting plate is symmetrically fixedly installed above the inner surface of the molecular adsorption bed, and a second limiting plate is symmetrically fixedly installed below the inner surface of the molecular adsorption bed, a microporous movable plate is movably installed between the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate, and a movable column is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the microporous movable plate, and the movable column passes through the side wall of the ventilation pipe, and a lightweight guide plate is hingedly installed on the inner surface of the ventilation pipe, and the side surface of the lightweight guide plate is in contact with one end of the microporous movable plate.

[0015] Preferably, an exhaust gas output tee is fixedly installed on the upper inner walls of the adsorption cylinder 1 and the adsorption cylinder 2, a pressure relief valve 2 is fixedly installed on the middle upper end of the exhaust gas output tee, an exhaust gas discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the output end of the pressure relief valve 2, one end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe passes through the side wall of the air inlet hood, a pressure relief valve 1 is fixedly installed below one end of the oxygen storage tank close to the air delivery tee, and the output pipe end of the pressure relief valve 1 passes through the top inner wall of the tunnel support cabin body and is fixedly installed with an exhaust air duct.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The air filter cartridge cooperates with the self-adsorption component, the air filter cartridge introduces air and filters out dust and impurities, the air is compressed by the air compressor and delivered to the self-adsorption component, the self-adsorption component is provided with adsorption cartridge 1 and adsorption cartridge 2 which alternately change the working pressure periodically, and utilize the ventilation pipe and the molecular adsorption bed to fill the molecular adsorption material to realize the effective separation of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases in the air, and can extract high-concentration oxygen from the air for enrichment and store it in the oxygen storage tank, and supply oxygen to the main body of the tunnel support cabin through the pressure relief valve 1 and the exhaust duct, so as to ensure the maintenance of good air circulation, reduce the accumulation of harmful gases, and ensure the breathing needs of the refugees in the cabin, thereby solving the problem that the safety cabin in the prior art needs the outside world to transport oxygen to the safety cabin through the connecting pipe, and the breathing needs of the refugees in the safety cabin are difficult to ensure without the intervention of external rescue forces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the tunnel support cabin body of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air filter cartridge of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the protective frame structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter cover support base of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the dust filter of the present invention in the dust removal state.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust filter of the present invention in the dust removal state.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter cover support base of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat dissipation box of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the heat dissipation box of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-adsorption component of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing cover of the present invention when it is opened.

[0031] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the rear end structure of the self-adsorption component of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-adsorption component of the present invention in a high-pressure adsorption state.

[0033] Fig.16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the self-adsorption component of the present invention in a low-pressure release state.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Tunnel support cabin body; 11. Protective cover; 111. Air inlet; 112. Exhaust port; 2. Air filter cartridge; 21. Air inlet cover; 22. Exhaust cover; 23. Air inlet fan; 24. Protective frame; 241. Large sealing ring; 242. Small sealing ring; 243. Spherical dispersion guide plate; 244. Limit rod; 245. Extrusion arc plate; 2451. Spring support rod; 25. Filter cover support base; 251. Ventilation cover; 2511. Inner support frame; 2512. Magnetic plate; 2513. Magnetic strip; 252. Dust filter; 2521. Gear; 253. Movable ring; 2531. Rack; 254. Telescopic rod; 3. Air compressor; 4. Cooling pipe; 41, heat sink; 411, heat dissipation fins; 412, heat sink; 413, air inlet cover; 414, fan; 5, self-adsorption component; 51A, adsorption tube one; 51B, adsorption tube two; 512, sealing cover; 513, ventilation pipe; 514, molecular filter screen; 515, molecular adsorption bed; 5151, first limit plate; 5152, second limit plate; 516, microporous movable plate; 5161, movable column; 517, lightweight guide plate; 52, oxygen storage tank; 521, pressure relief valve one; 522, exhaust air duct; 53, air delivery three-way pipe; 54, oxygen delivery three-way pipe; 55, exhaust gas output three-way pipe; 56, pressure relief valve two; 561, exhaust gas exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearly and completely described, and the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] For example, see Figures 1 to 16The present invention provides a technical solution: comprising a tunnel support cabin body 1, a protective cover 11 is fixedly installed on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body 1, a control device is fixedly installed on the top lower surface of the tunnel support cabin body 1, an air inlet 111 is arranged at one end of the protective cover 11, an exhaust port 112 is opened on the side wall of the protective cover 11, an air filter cartridge 2 is arranged on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body 1 close to the protective cover 11, an air compressor 3 is arranged on one side of the air filter cartridge 2, a cooling pipe 4 is fixedly installed on the output pipe end of the air compressor 3, a self-adsorption component 5 is arranged at one end of the cooling pipe 4, and a self-adsorption component 5 is arranged at one end of the cooling pipe 4. The attachment component 5 includes an adsorption cylinder 1 51A and an adsorption cylinder 2 51B, an oxygen storage tank 52 is arranged between the adsorption cylinder 1 51A and the adsorption cylinder 2 51B, an air intake hood 21 is fixedly installed at one end of the air filter cartridge 2 close to the protective cover 11 through a flange, an exhaust hood 22 is fixedly installed at the other end of the air filter cartridge 2, the inner wall of the exhaust hood 22 is fixedly connected to the input pipe of the air compressor 3, an air intake fan 23 is fixedly installed at one end of the air filter cartridge 2 close to the exhaust hood 22, and a protective frame 24 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner surface of the air filter cartridge 2, and the protective frame 24 is a conical frame, and the inner side of the end of the protective frame 24 close to the protective cover 11 A small sealing ring 242 is fixedly installed, a spherical dispersion guide plate 243 is fixedly installed on the outer side of one end of the protective frame 24 close to the protective cover 11, a large sealing ring 241 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the other end of the protective frame 24, a limit rod 244 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the other end of the protective frame 24, a filter cover support base 25 is arranged between the protective frame 24 and the air intake fan 23, the outer surface of the filter cover support base 25 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the air filter cartridge 2, a ventilation cover 251 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the filter cover support base 25, and a dust filter 252 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the ventilation cover 251, and the dust filter The net 252 is arranged inside the protective frame 24, and a movable ring 253 is sleeved on the outer side of the ventilation cover 251. A gear 2521 is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting piece of the dust filter net 252, and a rack 2531 is fixedly installed on one side of the movable ring 253. The side surface of the rack 2531 meshes with the outer surface of the gear 2521. A telescopic rod 254 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the filter cover support base 25 close to the air intake fan 23. The output end of the telescopic rod 254 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the movable ring 253, and a limiting sliding hole adapted to the limiting rod 244 is opened on the other side of the outer surface of the movable ring 253.In this embodiment, the air intake hood 21 is close to the air inlet 111, and the detachable design is convenient for later maintenance and cleaning. The air intake fan 23 works to introduce the air inside the tunnel into the air filter cartridge 2 through the air inlet 111 and the air intake hood 21. First, the dust filter 252 is kept closed and has a conical cylindrical shape to increase the contact area with the air, so as to filter and intercept the dust in the air. The filtered air is compressed and transported by the air compressor 3 through the ventilation hood 251 and the exhaust hood 22. The filter hood support base 25 and the ventilation hood 251 play the role of installing the dust filter 252. The large sealing ring 241 and the small sealing ring 242 are rubber structures that can seal the two ends of the dust filter 252, so that the air must be passed through the dust filter 252. The filtrate is then discharged through the ventilation hood 251. The spherical dispersion guide plate 243 disperses the airflow so that it is evenly filtered through the dust filter 252. When the dust filter 252 needs to be cleaned, the air intake fan 23 and the air compressor 3 do not work. The telescopic rod 254 works to push the movable ring 253 to move back and forth, so that the rack 2531 acts on the gear 2521, driving the dust filter 252 to flip back and forth at a certain angle. The dust filter 252 will collide with the oblique rack rod on the side of the protective frame 24 when it flips. At this time, the dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the dust filter 252 will be shaken off by vibration, so that the dust filter 252 resumes the filtering function. The limit rod 244 limits the back and forth movement of the movable ring 253. ;

[0037] For example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 16 On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to ensure the closedness of the inner side of the dust filter 252 when the air is circulated and filtered in a closed state, the present embodiment further proposes that an inner support frame 2511 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the ventilation cover 251, a magnetic plate 2512 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the inner support frame 2511, and magnetic strips 2513 are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner surface of the dust filter 252, and the magnetic properties of the magnetic plate 2512 are different from those of the magnetic strips 2513; in the present embodiment, when the dust filter 252 is in a closed state, the magnetic strips 2513 on the inner side of two adjacent groups of dust filters 252 contact with the magnetic plate 2512 and are adsorbed by the principle of magnetic adsorption, and the ventilation cover 251 plays an auxiliary supporting role on the inner side of the dust filter 252, so that the closed connection between the two adjacent groups of dust filters 252 remains closed, effectively filtering the dust impurities contained in the air and improving the air quality.

[0038] For example 3, please refer to Figures 1 to 16On the basis of the second embodiment, in order to prevent the dust filter 252 from being displaced due to the vibration of the air circulation when the dust filter 252 is in a closed state, the present embodiment further proposes that an extrusion arc plate 245 is provided on the inner side of the protective frame 24 close to the large sealing ring 241, and the inner surface of the extrusion arc plate 245 is in contact with the outer surface of the dust filter 252, and a spring support rod 2451 is hingedly installed on the outer side of the extrusion arc plate 245, and the spring support rod 2451 is fixedly installed on the oblique frame rod of the protective frame 24; in the present embodiment, The protective frame 24 is on the outside of the dust filter 252. In addition to preventing the dust filter 252 from colliding when it is turned over, it also supports the inside of the air filter cartridge 2. When the dust filter 252 is closed, the telescopic rod 254 squeezes the dust filter 252 due to the elastic support of the spring support rod 2451 to make it close more tightly, thereby preventing the dust filter 252 from being displaced due to the vibration of air circulation. When the dust filter 252 is turned over, the spring support rod 2451 rotates and compresses, and the telescopic rod 254 does not affect the turning of the dust filter 252.

[0039] Example 4, please refer to Figures 1 to 16 On the basis of the third embodiment, in order to allow the air compressed by the air compressor 3 to dissipate heat without affecting the subsequent adsorption and separation effect, the present embodiment further proposes that a heat sink 41 is provided on the outside of the cooling pipe 4, the heat sink 41 is fixedly mounted on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body 1, the inner wall of the heat sink 41 is evenly distributed with heat dissipation fins 411, the bottom of the heat sink 41 is provided with a heat sink 412, the position of the heat sink 412 corresponds to the position of the exhaust port 112, the top of the heat sink 41 is fixedly mounted with an air inlet cover 413, and the top lower surface of the air inlet cover 413 is rotatably mounted with a fan 414; in the present embodiment, the air compressor 3 compresses the filtered air to make The increase in air temperature will have a certain impact on the adsorption of nitrogen and other gases in the air in the later stage. The output pipe end of the air compressor 3 is connected to the cooling pipe 4, which can effectively dissipate heat during the air transportation process. The heat dissipation fins 411 are arranged inside the heat dissipation box 41 to accelerate the heat dissipation effect of the cooling pipe 4. The exhaust pipe 561 can output the released nitrogen and other gases to the top of the heat dissipation box 41. The airflow drives the rotation of the fan 414, so that the air above the air inlet cover 413 is accelerated to circulate through the heat dissipation fins 411 to take away the heat and discharge it through the heat dissipation grooves 412 to accelerate the heat dissipation of the cooling pipe 4. The air inlet cover 413 can isolate dust to avoid affecting the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation fins 411.

[0040] For example 5, please refer to Figures 1 to 16On the basis of the fourth embodiment, in order to enable the air to be alternately adsorbed and separated to ensure the continuous supply of oxygen inside the tunnel support cabin body 1, the present embodiment further proposes that one end of the adsorption cylinder 1 51A and the adsorption cylinder 2 51B are fixedly installed with a sealing cover 512, and one end of the cooling pipe 4 close to the sealing cover 512 is fixedly installed with an air delivery tee 53, and the two ends of the air delivery tee 53 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two groups of sealing covers 512, and one end of the oxygen storage tank 52 away from the air delivery tee 53 is fixedly installed with an oxygen delivery tee 54, and the oxygen delivery tee 55 is fixedly installed with the oxygen delivery tee 56. The two ends of the through pipe 54 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the other end of the adsorption cylinder 1 51A and the adsorption cylinder 2 51B. The inner surface of one end of the adsorption cylinder 1 51A and the adsorption cylinder 2 51B close to the oxygen delivery three-way pipe 54 is fixedly installed with a molecular filter sieve 514. The middle of the two groups of molecular filter sieves 514 is fixedly installed with a ventilation pipe 513. The inlet ends of the two groups of ventilation pipes 513 are respectively connected to the two ends of the air delivery three-way pipe 53. The inner side of the molecular filter sieve 514 is fixedly installed with a molecular adsorption bed 515. The molecular adsorption bed 515 is fixedly installed with a molecular adsorption bed 515. A first limiting plate 5151 is symmetrically fixedly installed above the inner surface, a second limiting plate 5152 is symmetrically fixedly installed below the inner surface of the molecular adsorption bed 515, a microporous movable plate 516 is movably installed between the first limiting plate 5151 and the second limiting plate 5152, a movable column 5161 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the microporous movable plate 516, and the movable column 5161 penetrates the side wall of the ventilation pipe 513, and a lightweight guide plate 517 is hingedly installed on the inner surface of the ventilation pipe 513, and the side surface of the lightweight guide plate 517 is connected to one end of the microporous movable plate 516. Contact, an exhaust gas output tee 55 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the adsorption cylinder 1 51A and the adsorption cylinder 2 51B, a pressure relief valve 2 56 is fixedly installed on the middle upper end of the exhaust gas output tee 55, an exhaust gas discharge pipe 561 is fixedly installed on the output end of the pressure relief valve 2 56, one end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 561 passes through the side wall of the air inlet cover 413, a pressure relief valve 1 521 is fixedly installed below one end of the oxygen storage tank 52 close to the air delivery tee 53, and the output pipe end of the pressure relief valve 1 521 passes through the top inner wall of the tunnel support cabin body 1 and is fixedly installed with an exhaust air duct 522;In this embodiment, firstly, solenoid control valves are respectively provided at both ends of the air delivery tee 53, the oxygen delivery tee 54 and the exhaust gas output tee 55. When the control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51B controlled by the air delivery tee 53 is closed, the control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51A is opened to allow the air inside the adsorption cylinder 51A to be absorbed and separated by high pressure. The control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51A controlled by the oxygen delivery tee 54 is also opened to allow the separated oxygen to enter the oxygen storage tank 52. At the same time, the control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51A controlled by the exhaust gas output tee 55 is kept closed, but the control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51B controlled by the oxygen delivery tee 54 is kept open. Open, cooperate with the opening of the pressure relief valve 2 56, at this time, the adsorption cylinder 2 51B is to release the adsorbed nitrogen and other gases for pressure relief, and output them through the pressure relief valve 2 56 and the exhaust gas discharge pipe 561. On the contrary, when the adsorption cylinder 2 51B is in high-pressure adsorption and separation of oxygen, the adsorption cylinder 1 51A is in pressure relief and releases the adsorbed nitrogen and other gases, alternating to maintain good air circulation, reduce the accumulation of harmful gases, and ensure the breathing needs of the refugees in the cabin. The structure of the adsorption cylinder 1 51A is exactly the same as that of the adsorption cylinder 2 51B. This embodiment takes the adsorption cylinder 1 51A as an example. The specific adsorption process is that the compressed high-pressure air enters the interior of 51 through the ventilation pipe 513, and the surface of the ventilation pipe 513 is evenly distributed with ventilation. The holes allow high-pressure air to be evenly released and adsorbed by the adsorption material filled in the molecular adsorption bed 515. The adsorption material should be selected from materials with a low oxygen adsorption rate, which is not specified here. The molecular adsorption bed 515 is designed to be an inverted trapezoid to increase the area of ​​communication with the air. The microporous movable plate 516 moves between the first limiting plate 5151 and the second limiting plate 5152. When the adsorption cylinder 51A is in a high-pressure adsorption state, the lightweight guide plate 517 is flattened by the pressure and airflow, and the movable column 5161 is lifted up to make the microporous movable plate 516 contact with the first limiting plate 5151, ensuring that the adsorption material is tight, adsorbing nitrogen and other gases, and oxygen enrichment is achieved through The molecular filter sieve 514 flows out and is input into the oxygen storage tank 52 for storage by the oxygen delivery tee pipe 54, and oxygen is supplied to the interior of the tunnel support cabin body 1 through the pressure relief valve 521 and the exhaust air duct 522. When the adsorption cylinder 51A is in a low-pressure release state, the lightweight guide plate 517 is pressed down by the spring, and the microporous movable plate 516 is loosened, so that the adsorption material is no longer tight. At this time, the adsorbed nitrogen and other gas molecules are more easily released, so that the adsorption material can be restored to an adsorption state, which solves the problem that the safety cabin in the prior art needs the outside world to deliver oxygen to the safety cabin through a connecting pipe, and the breathing needs of the refugees in the safety cabin are difficult to guarantee without the intervention of external rescue forces. ;

[0041] Embodiment 6

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 16On the basis of the fifth embodiment, this embodiment further proposes a method for using a tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production, including the following steps: step one, gas enters and is filtered, the air intake fan 23 works to introduce the air inside the tunnel into the air filter cartridge 2 through the air inlet 111 and the air intake hood 21, first the dust filter 252 is kept closed to filter and intercept the dust in the air, and the filtered air is compressed and transported by the air compressor 3 through the ventilation hood 251 and the exhaust hood 22; step two, gas compression and cooling, the output pipe end of the air compressor 3 is connected to the cooling pipe 4 to effectively dissipate heat during the air transportation process; step three, gas adsorption and separation of oxygen, first the air transportation three-way pipe 53 controls the control valve on one side of the adsorption cartridge 2 51B to be closed, and controls the control valve on one side of the adsorption cartridge 1 51A to be opened so that the air intake inside the adsorption cartridge 1 51A is subjected to high-pressure adsorption and separation of oxygen, and the oxygen transportation three The control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51A controlled by the through pipe 54 is also opened to allow the separated oxygen to enter the oxygen storage tank 52. At the same time, the control valve on the side of the adsorption cylinder 51A controlled by the exhaust gas output tee 55 remains closed, but the control valve on one side of the adsorption cylinder 51B controlled by the oxygen delivery tee 54 remains open, and the pressure relief valve 56 is opened in conjunction with the opening of the pressure relief valve 56. At this time, the adsorption cylinder 51B is in a state of pressure relief to release the adsorbed nitrogen and other gases, which are output through the pressure relief valve 56 and the exhaust gas discharge pipe 561. Conversely, when the adsorption cylinder 51B is in a state of high-pressure adsorption and separation of oxygen, the adsorption cylinder 51A is in a state of pressure relief to release the adsorbed nitrogen and other gases, and the process is performed alternately. Step four, oxygen is supplied, and the enriched oxygen flows out through the molecular filter sieve 514 and is input into the oxygen storage tank 52 for storage by the oxygen delivery tee 54, and oxygen is supplied to the inside of the tunnel support cabin body 1 through the pressure relief valve 521 and the exhaust air duct 522.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production, comprising a tunnel support cabin body (1), a protective cover (11) fixedly mounted on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body (1), a control device fixedly mounted on the top lower surface of the tunnel support cabin body (1), an air inlet (111) being arranged at one end of the protective cover (11), and an exhaust port (112) being arranged on a side wall of the protective cover (11), characterized in that: An air filter cartridge (2) is provided on one side of the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body (1) close to the protective cover (11), an air compressor (3) is provided on one side of the air filter cartridge (2), a cooling pipe (4) is fixedly mounted on the output pipe end of the air compressor (3), a self-adsorption component (5) is provided at one end of the cooling pipe (4), the self-adsorption component (5) comprises an adsorption cartridge 1 (51A) and an adsorption cartridge 2 (51B), and a An oxygen storage tank (52), an air intake hood (21) is fixedly mounted on one end of the air filter cartridge (2) close to the protective cover (11) via a flange, an exhaust hood (22) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the air filter cartridge (2), an air intake fan (23) is fixedly mounted on one end of the air filter cartridge (2) close to the exhaust hood (22), a protective frame (24) is fixedly mounted on the middle of the inner surface of the air filter cartridge (2), a filter cover support base (25) is arranged between the protective frame (24) and the air intake fan (23), and the The outer surface of the filter cover support base (25) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the air filter cartridge (2); a ventilation cover (251) is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the filter cover support base (25); a dust filter (252) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the ventilation cover (251); the dust filter (252) is arranged inside the protective frame (24); a movable ring (253) is sleeved on the outer side of the ventilation cover (251); a gear (2521) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the connecting piece of the dust filter (252). ), a rack (2531) is fixedly mounted on one side of the movable ring (253), the side surface of the rack (2531) meshes with the outer surface of the gear (2521), a telescopic rod (254) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side of the filter cover support base (25) close to the air intake fan (23), the output end of the telescopic rod (254) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the movable ring (253), and a limiting sliding hole matched with the limiting rod (244) is opened on the other side of the outer surface of the movable ring (253).

2. A tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the exhaust hood (22) is fixedly connected to the input pipe of the air compressor (3).

3. The tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production according to claim 1 is characterized by: The protection frame (24) is a conical frame, a small sealing ring (242) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of one end of the protection frame (24) close to the protection cover (11), a spherical dispersion guide plate (243) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of one end of the protection frame (24) close to the protection cover (11), a large sealing ring (241) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the other end of the protection frame (24), and a limit rod (244) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the other end of the protection frame (24).

4. The tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production according to claim 1 is characterized by: A heat sink (41) is arranged outside the cooling pipe (4), the heat sink (41) is fixedly mounted on the top upper surface of the tunnel support cabin body (1), the inner wall of the heat sink (41) is evenly distributed with heat dissipation fins (411), the bottom of the heat sink (41) is provided with a heat dissipation groove (412), the position of the heat dissipation groove (412) corresponds to the position of the exhaust port (112), the top of the heat sink (41) is fixedly mounted with an air inlet cover (413), and the top lower surface of the air inlet cover (413) is rotatably mounted with a fan (414).

5. The tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production according to claim 1 is characterized by: A sealing cover (512) is fixedly installed on one end of the adsorption cylinder 1 (51A) and the adsorption cylinder 2 (51B); an air delivery tee (53) is fixedly installed on one end of the cooling tube (4) close to the sealing cover (512); the two ends of the air delivery tee (53) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two groups of sealing covers (512); an oxygen delivery tee (54) is fixedly installed on one end of the oxygen storage tank (52) away from the air delivery tee (53); the two ends of the oxygen delivery tee (54) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the other ends of the adsorption cylinder 1 (51A) and the adsorption cylinder 2 (51B).

6. A tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production according to claim 5, characterized in that: A molecular filter sieve (514) is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of one end of the adsorption cylinder 1 (51A) and the adsorption cylinder 2 (51B) near the oxygen delivery three-way pipe (54); a ventilation pipe (513) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the two groups of the molecular filter sieves (514); the inlet ends of the two groups of the ventilation pipes (513) are respectively sleeved with the two ends of the air delivery three-way pipe (53); a molecular adsorption bed (515) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the molecular filter sieve (514); and a first limit plate (515) is symmetrically fixedly mounted above the inner surface of the molecular adsorption bed (515). 51), a second limiting plate (5152) is symmetrically fixedly installed below the inner surface of the molecular adsorption bed (515), a microporous movable plate (516) is movably installed between the first limiting plate (5151) and the second limiting plate (5152), a movable column (5161) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the microporous movable plate (516), and the movable column (5161) passes through the side wall of the ventilation pipe (513), and a lightweight guide plate (517) is hingedly installed on the inner surface of the ventilation pipe (513), and the side surface of the lightweight guide plate (517) is in contact with one end of the microporous movable plate (516).

7. A tunnel support cabin for ventilation and self-adsorption oxygen production according to claim 6, characterized in that: An exhaust gas output tee (55) is fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the first adsorption tube (51A) and the second adsorption tube (51B); a second pressure relief valve (56) is fixedly mounted on the middle upper end of the exhaust gas output tee (55); an exhaust gas discharge pipe (561) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second pressure relief valve (56); one end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe (561) passes through the side wall of the air inlet cover (413); a first pressure relief valve (521) is fixedly mounted below one end of the oxygen storage tank (52) close to the air delivery tee (53); and an exhaust air duct (522) is fixedly mounted on the output pipe end of the first pressure relief valve (521) passing through the top inner wall of the tunnel support cabin body (1).

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