Plunger pump cavitation testing device and testing, heat dissipation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a plunger pump cavitation test device and a test and heat dissipation method thereof, which mirror copies the real structure and kinematic characteristics of a flow distribution disc and a cylinder body of an actual plunger pump to a cavitation operation part, and records the whole process from the formation of an oil suction cavity to the collapse of an oil pressure cavity, so that the numerical definition of sub-cavitation, critical cavitation, local cavitation and super-cavitation states of the plunger pump is completed by combining the numerical changes of corresponding pressure and flow in the dynamic process, and the cavitation effect of the flow distribution disc and the cylinder body structure under different operation parameters is predicted, so that the cavitation test problem of the actual plunger pump is solved, and the centrifugal self-flushing structure flow channel designed guarantees the long-term stable operation of the test device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydraulic transmission test, in particular to a device for plunger pump cavitation test and its test and heat dissipation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cavitation problem of the plunger pump has always been a key problem affecting the performance and service life of the plunger pump. At present, software simulation is often used in the design of the distribution plate and the plunger cylinder to avoid the erosion of the distribution plate, the plunger cylinder and the plunger caused by cavitation as much as possible. However, simulation has great limitations, especially for dynamic cavitation simulation, which cannot achieve good results. Only through experiments can the evolution process of cavitation and the cavitation degree under different operating parameters be truly restored. At present, there is a lack of experimental basis for the cavitation of the plunger pump, especially for high-pressure plunger pumps. Cavitation is not only affected by the structure of the distribution plate and the cylinder, but also by the suction and pressure oil pressure, the kinematic characteristics of the plunger and the operating conditions of the cylinder. All of these can only be restored and displayed when the plunger pump is actually running. However, the actual plunger pump cannot be visualized due to the influence of structure and material, and the evolution process of cavitation and the effect of cavitation cannot be visualized and quantified. How to restore the real running process of the plunger pump cavitation and visualize the evolution process for recording and analysis, and then define the sub-cavitation, critical cavitation, local cavitation and super-cavitation state of the plunger pump through the effect become a problem to be solved, so a device for plunger pump cavitation test and its test and heat dissipation method are needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a plunger pump cavitation test device and its test and heat dissipation method to solve the problems in the background.

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present application is solved by the following technical solution:

[0005] The plunger pump cavitation test device comprises a control system, an oil supply control part, a cavitation operation part and a hydraulic power part, wherein the oil outlet of the oil supply control part is connected with the oil inlet cavity and the oil supply cavity of the cavitation operation part, the oil outlet of the oil supply control part is also connected with the pump control oil port of the hydraulic power part, the oil return cavity and the oil press cavity of the cavitation operation part are connected with the oil return port of the oil supply control part, the oil extraction port of the cavitation operation part is connected with the pump first oil port of the hydraulic power part, the pump second oil port and the pump return oil port of the hydraulic power part are connected with the oil return port of the oil supply control part, and the control system is connected with the controlled elements, sensors and photographic devices of the oil supply control part, the cavitation operation part and the hydraulic power part.

[0006] In the application, the cavitation operation part comprises a cavitation motor, an integrated end cover, a heat dissipation oil inlet joint, a heat dissipation oil inlet pipe joint, an oil supply joint, an oil supply pipe joint, a high-speed camera, a cavitation cavity, an oil extraction joint, an oil extraction pipe joint, a pressure sensor, an anti-stirring cover, an oil press joint, an oil press pipe joint, a heat dissipation oil return joint, a heat dissipation oil return pipe joint, a cylinder body plunger cavity, a pre-press spring, a tightening nut, a cylinder body disc, a flow distribution disc, a control shaft, a spring washer, a first bearing and a bearing sleeve, wherein the bearing sleeve is fixedly arranged on the integrated end cover, the second bearing is fixedly arranged in the bearing sleeve, the first bearing is sleeved on the control shaft, and the first bearing is arranged on the integrated end cover, and the control shaft is rotatably arranged in the second bearing.

[0007] The flow distribution disc is sleeved on the bearing sleeve and abuts against the end face of the integrated end cover, the cylinder body disc is fixedly arranged on the control shaft, the tightening nut is arranged on the fastening thread end of the control shaft, the spring washer is arranged on one side of the inner ring of the first bearing and sleeved on the control shaft, and the pre-press spring is arranged between the tightening nut and the spring washer and sleeved on the control shaft, so that the axial position of the tightening nut on the control shaft is adjusted by rotation to adjust the pre-press force of the pre-press spring, and the abutting pre-press force of the cylinder body disc and the flow distribution disc is controlled.

[0008] The cavitation motor is fixedly arranged on the integrated end cover, a power output shaft of the cavitation motor is connected with the control shaft for transmission, the anti-stirring cover is sleeved on the cylinder body disc and the flow distribution disc, and is fixedly arranged on the integrated end cover, the anti-stirring cover is used for preventing stirring caused by rotation of the cylinder body disc from affecting cavitation and photography effect of the hydraulic oil, when it is needed to observe cavitation state in the cylinder, a cylinder body plunger cavity is arranged on the cylinder body disc, and the cylinder body plunger cavity is detachable to facilitate different tests.

[0009] The heat dissipation oil inlet joint, the oil supply joint, the oil extraction joint, the oil pressing joint and the heat dissipation oil return joint are arranged at corresponding oil ports of the integrated end cover respectively, the heat dissipation oil inlet joint is connected with the oil pipe through a heat dissipation oil inlet pipe joint, the oil supply joint is connected with the oil pipe through an oil supply pipe joint, the oil extraction joint is connected with the oil pipe through an oil extraction pipe joint, the oil pressing joint is connected with the oil pipe through an oil pressing pipe joint, and the heat dissipation oil return joint is connected with the oil pipe through a heat dissipation oil return pipe joint.

[0010] The integrated end cover is fixedly connected with the cavitation cavity to form a sealed cavity, and the anti-stirring cover, the cylinder body plunger cavity, the cylinder body disc and the flow distribution disc are located in the cavity formed by the cavitation cavity and the integrated end cover.

[0011] A plurality of high-speed cameras and pressure sensors are arranged on the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity respectively to monitor and record cavitation change process.

[0012] In the application, the integrated end cover is coaxially provided with an end cover heat dissipation inner cavity, a first bearing cavity, an end cover heat dissipation channel and a bearing sleeve cavity from one end to the other end in sequence, a heat dissipation oil inlet cavity is arranged on one side of the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity of the integrated end cover, and a heat dissipation oil return cavity is arranged on the other side, the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity and the heat dissipation oil return cavity are respectively connected with the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity, a heat dissipation oil temperature port arranged on the integrated end cover is connected with the heat dissipation oil return cavity, an oil supply cavity and an oil pressing cavity are further arranged on the integrated end cover, the oil supply cavity and the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity are located on the same side and respective oil inlet ports thereof are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover, the oil pressing cavity and the heat dissipation oil return cavity are located on the same side and respective oil outlet ports thereof are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover, an oil outlet port of the oil supply cavity and an oil inlet port of the oil pressing cavity are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover, the oil outlet port of the oil supply cavity is located on one side of the bearing sleeve cavity, the oil inlet port of the oil pressing cavity is located on the other side of the bearing sleeve cavity, an oil supply pressure port and an oil supply photography port arranged on the integrated end cover are respectively connected with the oil supply cavity, an oil pressing pressure port and an oil pressing photography port arranged on the integrated end cover are respectively connected with the oil pressing cavity, a screw hole is arranged on the integrated end cover at the end of the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity, a pin hole is arranged on the integrated end cover at the end of the bearing sleeve cavity, the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel is smaller than the diameter of the first bearing cavity, and the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel is smaller than the diameter of the bearing sleeve cavity.

[0013] In the application, the control shaft is internally provided with a transmission inner hole, an axial oil channel and a radial oil channel from one end to the other end in sequence, and is provided with a transmission key groove and a main shaft heat dissipation channel in the transmission inner hole part.

[0014] In the application, the second bearing is provided with a second bearing heat dissipation channel, the bearing sleeve is fixedly arranged in the bearing sleeve cavity, the first bearing sleeve is arranged on the first bearing outer circle, the first bearing is arranged in the first bearing cavity, and the second bearing outer circle of the control shaft is rotationally arranged in the second bearing.

[0015] In the application, the distribution disc is attached to the end face of the bearing sleeve cavity of the integrated end cover, the pin shaft arranged in the pin hole of the integrated end cover is matched with the pin hole on the distribution disc, and the axial position of the cylinder body disc relative to the control shaft is limited by the tensioning boss on the control shaft.

[0016] In the application, the heat dissipation oil inlet joint is arranged at the oil inlet port of the heat dissipation oil cavity, the heat dissipation oil return joint is arranged at the oil outlet port of the heat dissipation oil return cavity, the oil supply joint is arranged at the oil inlet port of the oil supply cavity, the oil pressing joint is arranged at the oil outlet port of the oil pressing cavity, and the oil extraction joint is arranged at the oil extraction port of the cavitation cavity.

[0017] In the application, the cavitation cavity at the high-speed camera is provided with a pressure-bearing reinforced glass, the heat dissipation oil temperature port is provided with a temperature sensor, the oil supply photography port and the oil pressing photography port are respectively provided with high-speed cameras, and the oil supply pressure port and the oil pressing pressure port are respectively provided with pressure sensors.

[0018] In the application, the oil supply control part includes an oil supply pump station, an electric control flow valve, an oil supply flow meter, an oil supply check valve, an oil extraction flow meter, an electric control overflow valve, a pressure oil check valve and a pressure oil flow meter, and the hydraulic power part includes a plunger pump, a pump motor, a pump electric control valve, a pump first oil port, a pump second oil port, a pump control oil port and a pump return oil port. The oil supply pump station can output corresponding oil quantity and pressure under the control of the control system as required, and supplies oil to the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity, the oil supply cavity and the pump control oil port. An electric control flow valve is arranged on the front oil inlet pipeline of the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity, and an oil supply flow meter and an oil supply check valve are arranged on the front oil inlet pipeline of the oil supply cavity in sequence. The pressure oil of the oil supply pump station is delivered to the oil supply cavity through the oil supply check valve and the oil supply flow meter. The hydraulic oil output by the heat dissipation return oil cavity is directly returned to the oil tank of the oil supply pump station. The hydraulic oil output by the pressure oil cavity is returned to the pump second oil port through the pressure oil flow meter, the pressure oil check valve and the electric control overflow valve in sequence. An oil extraction flow meter is arranged on the pipeline from the oil port of the cavitation cavity to the pump first oil port. The pump second oil port and the pump return oil port are connected with the oil tank of the oil supply pump station.

[0019] In the application, the control system controls the pump motor to drive the plunger pump at different rotating speeds, controls the pump electric control valve and makes the plunger pump obtain different displacements under the action of the pressure oil from the pump control oil port, and the displacement of the plunger pump and the rotating speed form the flow.

[0020] In the application, the control system controls the rotation of the cavitation motor and the pump motor respectively. The cavitation motor drives the cylinder body disc to rotate through the control shaft, and the pump motor drives the plunger pump to rotate. The control system controls the pump electric control valve and makes the plunger pump suck and press oil under the action of the pressure oil from the pump control oil port. The control system further controls the oil supply pump station to supply oil to the oil supply cavity. The hydraulic oil entering the oil supply cavity through the oil supply check valve and the oil supply flow meter enters the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity through the distribution disc and the cylinder body disc. The plunger pump sucks the hydraulic oil in the cavity, and the hydraulic oil in the cavity enters the plunger pump through the oil extraction flow meter and is then output to return oil. In this process, the oil suction forms negative pressure and then forms cavitation;

[0021] When the cavitation is formed or after the cavitation is developed stably, the control system controls the pump electric control valve to change the direction of the oil suction of the plunger pump. The plunger pump changes from the state of sucking oil from the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity to the state of pressing oil into the cavity. The hydraulic oil forming cavitation is pressed into the pressure oil cavity through the cylinder body disc and the distribution disc, and then is output through the pressure oil flow meter, the pressure oil check valve and the electric control overflow valve. The pressure of the oil pressing in this process makes the cavitation in the hydraulic oil collapse;

[0022] In the cavitation operation process, the high-speed camera and the pressure sensor feed the cavitation data to the control system in real time. The control system analyzes the cavitation degree and the cavitation effect under different operation conditions according to the data feedback of the oil supply flow meter, the oil extraction flow meter and the pressure oil flow meter, and combines the image and pressure change.

[0023] In the present application, the control system controls the heat generated when the cavitation motor drives the control shaft to rotate, and adjusts the flow of the electric control flow valve according to the feedback of the temperature sensor of the heat dissipation oil temperature port, so that the hydraulic oil flows from the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity to the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity and then flows out of the heat dissipation oil return cavity to return to the oil return, thereby adjusting the temperature of the operating part; the radial oil channel on the rotating control shaft forms the effect of centrifugal suction of oil, and the hydraulic oil in the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity is sucked into the cavity formed by the cylinder body disc, the distribution disc, the control shaft, the bearing sleeve and the second bearing through the main shaft heat dissipation channel, the axial oil channel and the radial oil channel, and then is output by the second bearing heat dissipation channel and the end cover heat dissipation channel and circulates back to the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity through the first bearing, and the oil in the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity is in a dynamic flow state, so that the heat is taken away by the circulating hydraulic oil.

[0024] In the present application, when the plunger pump sucks oil from the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the oil supply cavity side is in a closed state under the action of the oil supply one-way valve, and the oil supply one-way valve is in an open state; when the plunger pump pressurizes oil into the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the oil supply cavity side is in a closed state under the action of the oil supply one-way valve, and the oil supply one-way valve is in an open state.

[0025] In the present application, the distribution disc is consistent with the distribution disc structure of the plunger pump, and the contact surface structure of the cylinder body disc and the distribution disc is consistent with the contact surface structure of the cylinder body and the distribution disc of the plunger pump.

[0026] In the present application, when the plunger pump is an open pump, the oil supply pump station supplies oil to the oil supply cavity at normal pressure, and when the plunger pump is a closed pump, the oil supply pump station supplies oil to the oil supply cavity at the set pressure of the closed pump.

[0027] In the present application, in the process of the plunger pump sucking hydraulic oil in the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the kinematic characteristics of the internal operation of the plunger pump are mirrored in the cavitation operation part, so that the cavitation formation characteristics of the cavitation operation part are consistent with the actual cavitation formation characteristics in the plunger pump, and the real visualization of the cavitation formation of the plunger pump is realized.

[0028] In the present application, the difference between the data of the oil supply flowmeter and the oil extraction flowmeter can specifically quantify the degree of cavitation, and the greater the difference, the more serious the cavitation, and the combination of the change process of the image and the pressure data can quantitatively define the sub-cavitation, critical cavitation, local cavitation and super-cavitation states of cavitation.

[0029] In the present application, when the cylinder body plunger cavity is arranged on the cylinder body disc, the distribution of cavitation in the cylinder body plunger cavity can be observed and recorded, so as to facilitate the subsequent observation and recording of the collapse law in the oil pressurizing process and the guidance of the erosion area.

[0030] In the present application, when the dynamic cavitation test is detected, the control system controls the rotating speed of the cavitation motor to be consistent with the rotating speed of the pump motor, and the control system can also control the cavitation motor to control the certain relative fixed state of the cylinder body disc and the distribution disc, so as to record the continuous cavitation phenomenon at a certain steady state.

[0031] In the present application, when the plunger pump pressurizes oil into the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the control system controls the electronically controlled overflow valve to adjust the oil outlet pressure of the pressurized oil, and then obtains the cavitation collapse process under different load pressures. Advantages

[0032] 1. The plunger pump cavitation test device and its test and heat dissipation method of the present application solve the problem of testing plunger pump cavitation, the entire test process is intuitive and visual, the entire process of cavitation from oil suction cavity formation to oil pressure cavity collapse can be recorded, and the formation, distribution and critical conditions of cavitation in the distribution disc and the cylinder body under different operating parameters, as well as the collapse of cavitation and the resulting erosion guide conditions when pressurizing oil can be recorded, so as to predict the cavitation effect of the structure of the distribution disc and the cylinder body under different operating parameters.

[0033] 2. The related structure of the distribution disc and the cylinder body disc part of the present application is consistent with the actual plunger pump, and the oil suction and pressurization methods are generated by the actual operation of the plunger pump, which is to mirror the real structure and kinematic characteristics of the actual plunger pump to the cavitation operation part, so as to keep the cavitation process obtained from the cavitation operation part consistent with the cavitation process generated in the actual plunger pump, and solve the two difficult problems of being unable to visualize and being unable to restore the kinematic characteristics of the actual plunger pump in the unique test.

[0034] 3. Through the present application, the real running process of plunger pump cavitation is recorded and analyzed, and the numerical definition of sub-cavitation, critical cavitation, local cavitation and super-cavitation state of the plunger pump is completed by combining the numerical changes of pressure and flow rate in the dynamic process, and the mechanism design parameters of the distribution disc and the cylinder body are optimized and improved, so as to obtain the optimal characteristics and service life.

[0035] 4. In the present application, the structure flow channel design of the integrated end cover and the control shaft utilizes the centrifugal effect generated by the high-speed rotation of the control shaft to perform self-flushing on the control shaft and related components such as bearings, so as to carry away fine wear particles between components and take away heat generated by high-speed operation, thereby ensuring the reliability of long-term high-speed operation of related components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a whole schematic diagram of the test device of the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2A schematic view of a cavitation operation part of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic view of a cavitation end cover partial assembly of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic view of a cavitation shaft partial assembly of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic view of an integrated end cover of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic view of a hydraulic power part of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic view of a cavitation shaft of a preferred embodiment of the present application. Embodiment

[0043] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application is further described below in combination with specific drawings.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-6 The plunger pump cavitation test device mainly comprises a control system 1, an oil supply control part 2, a cavitation operation part 3, and a hydraulic power part 4, wherein the oil outlet of the oil supply control part 2 is connected with the oil inlet cavity and the oil supply cavity of the cavitation operation part 3, the oil outlet of the oil supply control part 2 is also connected with the pump control oil port C of the hydraulic power part 4, the oil return cavity and the oil press cavity of the cavitation operation part 3 are connected with the oil return port of the oil supply control part 2, the oil extraction port of the cavitation operation part 3 is connected with the pump first oil port A of the hydraulic power part 4, the pump second oil port B and the pump oil return port D of the hydraulic power part 4 are connected with the oil return port of the oil supply control part 2, and the control system 1 is connected with the controlled elements, sensors and photographic devices of the oil supply control part 2, the cavitation operation part 3 and the hydraulic power part 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the cavitation operation section 3 includes a cavitation motor 31, an integrated end cap 32, a heat dissipation oil inlet connector 33, a heat dissipation oil inlet pipe connector 34, an oil supply connector 35, an oil supply pipe connector 36, a high-speed camera 37, a cavitation chamber 38, an oil extraction connector 39, an oil extraction pipe connector 310, a pressure sensor 311, an anti-stirring cover 312, a pressure oil connector 313, a pressure oil pipe connector 314, a heat dissipation oil return connector 315, a heat dissipation oil return pipe connector 316, a cylinder-like plunger chamber 317, and a preload spring. 318, tightening nut; 319, cylinder block plate; 329, distributor plate; 330, control shaft; 331, spring washer; 332, first bearing; 333, bearing sleeve; 334, second bearing; wherein, the bearing sleeve 334 is fixedly mounted on the integrated end cover 32, the second bearing 335 is fixedly mounted inside the bearing sleeve 334, the first bearing 333 is mounted on the control shaft 331 and is mounted on the integrated end cover 32, and the control shaft 331 is rotatably mounted inside the second bearing 335;

[0046] The distribution plate 330 is fitted onto the bearing sleeve 334 and fits against the end face of the integrated end cover 32. The cylinder block plate 329 is fixedly mounted on the control shaft 331. A clamping nut 319 is provided on the fastening thread end of the control shaft 331. A spring washer 332 is provided on one side of the inner ring of the first bearing 333, and the spring washer 332 is fitted onto the control shaft 331. The preload spring 318 is located between the clamping nut 319 and the spring washer 332 and is fitted onto the control shaft 331. The preload of the preload spring 318 is adjusted by rotating and adjusting the axial position of the clamping nut 319 on the control shaft 331, thereby controlling the fitting preload of the cylinder block plate 329 and the distribution plate 330.

[0047] The cavitation motor 31 is fastened to the integrated end cover 32. The power output shaft of the cavitation motor 31 is connected to the control shaft 331 for transmission. The anti-stirring cover 312 is covered on the cylinder block disk 329 and the distribution disk 330 and fastened to the integrated end cover 32. The anti-stirring cover 312 is used to prevent the rotation of the cylinder block disk 329 from causing agitation, which would affect the cavitation of the hydraulic oil and the imaging effect. When it is necessary to observe the cavitation state in the cylinder, a cylinder block plunger cavity 317 is provided on the cylinder block disk 329. The cylinder block plunger cavity 317 is detachable for different tests.

[0048] The heat dissipation oil inlet connector 33, oil supply connector 35, oil extraction connector 39, oil pressure connector 313, and heat dissipation oil return connector 315 are respectively provided at the corresponding oil ports of the integrated end cap 32. The heat dissipation oil inlet connector 33 is connected to the oil pipe through the heat dissipation oil inlet pipe connector 34, the oil supply connector 35 is connected to the oil pipe through the oil supply pipe connector 36, the oil extraction connector 39 is connected to the oil pipe through the oil extraction pipe connector 310, the oil pressure connector 313 is connected to the oil pipe through the oil pressure pipe connector 314, and the heat dissipation oil return connector 315 is connected to the oil pipe through the heat dissipation oil return pipe connector 316.

[0049] The integrated end cover 32 is fixedly connected with the cavitation cavity 38 to form a closed cavity, and the anti-stirring cover 312, the cylinder-like plunger cavity 317, the cylinder-like disc 329, and the flow distribution disc 330 are located in the cavity formed by the cavitation cavity 38 and the integrated end cover 32.

[0050] A plurality of high-speed cameras 37 and pressure sensors 311 are arranged on the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38 respectively to monitor and record the change process of cavitation.

[0051] In the embodiment, the integrated end cover 32 is coaxially provided with, from one end to the other end, an end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320, a first bearing cavity 342, an end cover heat dissipation channel 336, and a bearing sleeve cavity 343. The end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320 located on the integrated end cover 32 is provided with a heat dissipation oil inlet cavity 321 on one side and a heat dissipation oil return cavity 322 on the other side, and the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity 321 and the heat dissipation oil return cavity 322 are respectively connected with the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320. A heat dissipation oil temperature port 341 provided on the integrated end cover 32 is connected with the heat dissipation oil return cavity 322. The integrated end cover 32 is further provided with an oil supply cavity 323 and an oil pressing cavity 324. The oil supply cavity 323 and the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity 321 are located on the same side of the integrated end cover 32, and the oil inlet ports of the oil supply cavity 323 and the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity 321 are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover 32. The oil pressing cavity 324 and the heat dissipation oil return cavity 322 are located on the same side of the integrated end cover 32, and the oil outlet ports of the oil pressing cavity 324 and the heat dissipation oil return cavity 322 are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover 32. The oil outlet port of the oil supply cavity 323 and the oil inlet port of the oil pressing cavity 324 are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover 32. The oil outlet port of the oil supply cavity 323 is located on one side of the bearing sleeve cavity 343, and the oil inlet port of the oil pressing cavity 324 is located on the other side of the bearing sleeve cavity 343. The oil supply pressure port 325 and the oil supply camera port 327 provided on the integrated end cover 32 are respectively connected with the oil supply cavity 323. The oil pressing pressure port 326 and the oil pressing camera port 328 provided on the integrated end cover 32 are respectively connected with the oil pressing cavity 324. A screw hole is provided on the end of the integrated end cover 32 where the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320 is located. A pin hole is provided on the end of the integrated end cover 32 where the bearing sleeve cavity 343 is located. The diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel 336 is smaller than the diameter of the first bearing cavity 342, and the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel 336 is smaller than the diameter of the bearing sleeve cavity 343.

[0052] In the embodiment, the control shaft 331 is sequentially provided with, from one end to the other end, a transmission inner hole 348, an axial oil channel 339, and a radial oil channel 338. The transmission inner hole 348 is further provided with a transmission key groove 347 and a main shaft heat dissipation channel 340. One end of the axial oil channel 339 is connected with the transmission inner hole 348, and the other end is connected with the radial oil channel 338. The control shaft 331 is sequentially provided with, from one end to the other end, a fastening thread 344, a first bearing outer circle 345, a second bearing outer circle 346, and a tension protrusion 349. The diameter of the first bearing outer circle 345 is greater than the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel 336.

[0053] In the embodiment, the second bearing 335 is provided with a second bearing heat dissipation channel 337.

[0054] In the embodiment, the bearing sleeve 334 is fixedly arranged in the bearing sleeve cavity 343, the first bearing 333 is sleeved on the first bearing outer circle 345, the first bearing 333 is arranged in the first bearing cavity 342, and the second bearing outer circle 346 of the control shaft 331 is rotationally arranged in the second bearing 335.

[0055] In the embodiment, the distribution disc 330 is attached to the end face of the bearing sleeve cavity 343 of the integrated end cover 32, the pin shaft arranged in the pin hole of the integrated end cover 32 is matched with the pin hole on the distribution disc 330, and the relative position of the distribution disc 330 relative to the integrated end cover 32 is limited.

[0056] In the embodiment, the control shaft 331 limits the axial position of the cylinder body disc 329 relative to the control shaft 331 through the tensioning boss 349.

[0057] In the embodiment, the heat dissipation oil inlet joint 33 is arranged at the oil inlet port of the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity 321, the heat dissipation oil return joint 315 is arranged at the oil outlet port of the heat dissipation oil return cavity 322, the oil supply joint 35 is arranged at the oil inlet port of the oil supply cavity 323, the oil pressing joint 313 is arranged at the oil outlet port of the oil pressing cavity 324, and the oil extraction joint 39 is arranged at the oil extraction port of the cavitation cavity 38.

[0058] In the embodiment, the cavitation cavity 38 is provided with a pressure-bearing reinforced glass at the high-speed camera 37.

[0059] In the embodiment, the heat dissipation oil temperature port 341 is provided with a temperature sensor, the oil supply photography port 327 and the oil pressing photography port 328 are respectively provided with high-speed cameras 37, and the oil supply pressure port 325 and the oil pressing pressure port 326 are respectively provided with pressure sensors 311.

[0060] In this embodiment, the oil supply control unit 2 includes an oil supply pump station 21, an electrically controlled flow valve 22, an oil supply flow meter 23, an oil supply check valve 24, an oil extraction flow meter 25, an electrically controlled relief valve 26, a pressure oil check valve 27, and a pressure oil flow meter 28. The hydraulic power unit 4 includes a piston pump 41, a pump motor 42, a pump electrically controlled valve 411, a pump first oil port A, a pump second oil port B, a pump control oil port C, and a pump return oil port D. The oil supply pump station 21 can control the flow of oil as needed. Under the control of the control system 1, the corresponding oil quantity and pressure are output. The oil supply pump station 21 supplies oil to the heat dissipation oil inlet chamber 321, the oil supply chamber 323 and the pump control oil port C respectively. An electrically controlled flow valve 22 is installed on the oil inlet pipe at the front end of the heat dissipation oil inlet chamber 321. An oil supply flow meter 23 and an oil supply check valve 24 are installed in sequence on the oil inlet pipe at the front end of the oil supply chamber 323. The pressurized oil of the oil supply pump station 21 is delivered to the oil supply chamber 323 after passing through the oil supply check valve 24 and the oil supply flow meter 23.

[0061] The hydraulic oil output from the heat dissipation return oil chamber 322 is directly returned to the oil tank of the oil supply pump station 21;

[0062] The hydraulic oil output from the pressure chamber 324 returns to the second oil port B of the pump via the pressure flow meter 28, the pressure check valve 27, and the electrically controlled relief valve 26 in sequence.

[0063] An oil flow meter 25 is installed on the pipeline from the oil port of the cavitation cavity 38 to the first oil port A of the pump.

[0064] The second oil port B and the return oil port D of the pump are respectively connected to the oil tank of the oil supply pump station 21.

[0065] In this embodiment, the control system 1 controls the pump motor 42 to drive the plunger pump 41 at different speeds. The control system 1 controls the pump solenoid valve 411 and, under the action of the pressure oil from the pump control port C, enables the plunger pump 41 to obtain different displacements. The combination of the displacement and speed of the plunger pump 41 forms the flow rate.

[0066] See Figures 1-6 The plunger pump cavitation test method includes a control system 1, an oil supply control section 2, a cavitation operation section 3, and a hydraulic power section 4. The oil supply control section 2 supplies oil to both the cavitation operation section 3 and the hydraulic power section 4. The return oil from the cavitation operation section 3 and the hydraulic power section 4 is delivered to the oil supply control section 2. The flow distribution structure of the cavitation operation section 3 is consistent with that of the hydraulic power section 4. The control system 1 controls the operation mode of the cavitation operation section 3 and the hydraulic power section 4 to be consistent. The hydraulic power section 4 draws and pressurizes oil in the cavitation operation section 3, thereby forming cavitation within the cavitation operation section 3. The cavitation operation section 3 and the oil supply control section 2 feed back cavitation images, pressure, and flow rate change data to the control system 1 for recording and analysis.

[0067] In the embodiment, the control system 1 controls the cavitation motor 31 and the pump motor 42 to rotate respectively, the cavitation motor 31 drives the cylinder body disc 329 to rotate through the control shaft 331, the pump motor 42 drives the plunger pump 41 to rotate, the control system 1 controls the pump electric control valve 411 and makes the plunger pump 41 suck oil under the action of pressure oil from the pump control oil port C, the control system 1 further controls the oil supply pump station 21 to supply oil to the oil supply cavity 323, the hydraulic oil in the oil supply cavity 323 enters the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38 through the oil supply check valve 24 and the oil supply flowmeter 23, enters the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38 through the distribution disc 330 and the cylinder body disc 329, and the plunger pump 41 sucks the hydraulic oil in the cavity, so that the hydraulic oil in the cavity enters the plunger pump 41 through the oil extraction flowmeter 25 and is output to return oil, and in the process, the oil suction forms negative pressure and further forms cavitation.

[0068] When cavitation is formed or after the cavitation is developed stably, the control system 1 controls the pump electric control valve 411 to change the direction of oil suction of the plunger pump 41, and the plunger pump 41 changes from the state of sucking oil from the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38 to the state of pressing oil into the cavity, so that the hydraulic oil in which cavitation is formed is pressed into the oil pressing cavity 324 through the cylinder body disc 329 and the distribution disc 330 and is output through the oil pressing flowmeter 28, the oil pressing check valve 27 and the electric control overflow valve 26, and the oil pressing pressure in the process makes the cavitation in the hydraulic oil collapse.

[0069] In the cavitation operation process, the high-speed camera 37 and the pressure sensor 311 feed the cavitation data to the control system 1 in real time, and the control system 1 analyzes the cavitation degree and the cavitation effect under different operation conditions according to the data feedback of the oil supply flowmeter 23, the oil extraction flowmeter 25 and the oil pressing flowmeter 28 and combines the image and pressure change.

[0070] In the embodiment, when the plunger pump 41 sucks oil from the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38, the oil pressing cavity 324 side is in a closed state under the action of the oil pressing check valve 27, and the oil supply check valve 24 is in an open state; when the plunger pump 41 presses oil into the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38, the oil supply cavity 323 side is in a closed state under the action of the oil supply check valve 24, and the oil pressing check valve 27 is in an open state.

[0071] In the embodiment, the distribution disc 330 is consistent with the distribution disc structure of the plunger pump 41, and the joint surface structure of the cylinder body disc 329 and the distribution disc 330 is consistent with the joint surface structure of the cylinder body and the distribution disc of the plunger pump 41.

[0072] In the embodiment, when the plunger pump 41 is an open pump, the oil supply of the oil supply pump station 21 to the oil supply cavity 323 is normal pressure oil supply, and when the plunger pump 41 is a closed pump, the oil supply of the oil supply pump station 21 to the oil supply cavity 323 is the set pressure of the oil supply of the closed pump.

[0073] In the embodiment, the kinematic characteristics of the suction of the hydraulic oil in the plunger pump 41 are mirrored in the cavitation operating part 3 during the suction of the hydraulic oil in the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38, so that the cavitation formation characteristics of the cavitation operating part 3 are consistent with the actual cavitation formation characteristics in the plunger pump 41, thereby realizing real visualization of the cavitation formation of the suction of the plunger pump 41.

[0074] In the embodiment, the difference between the data of the oil supply flow meter 23 and the oil extraction flow meter 25 can numerically value the cavitation degree, and the greater the difference, the more serious the cavitation degree. In combination with the change process of the image and the pressure data, the sub-cavitation, critical cavitation, local cavitation and super-cavitation states of the cavitation are numerically defined.

[0075] In the embodiment, when the cylinder-like body plunger cavity 317 is arranged on the cylinder-like body disc 329, the distribution of the cavitation in the cylinder-like body plunger cavity 317 can be observed and recorded, so as to facilitate subsequent observation and recording of the collapse law in the oil extraction process and guidance of the erosion area.

[0076] In the embodiment, during the dynamic cavitation test detection, the control system 1 controls the rotation speed of the cavitation motor 31 to be consistent with the rotation speed of the pump motor 42, and the control system 1 can also control the cylinder-like body disc 329 and the distribution disc 330 to be in a certain relative fixed state through the cavitation motor 31, so as to record the sustained cavitation phenomenon at a certain steady state.

[0077] In the embodiment, when the plunger pump 41 pressurizes the cavity formed by the integrated end cover 32 and the cavitation cavity 38, the control system 1 controls the electrically controlled overflow valve 26 to adjust the oil outlet pressure of the pressurized oil, thereby obtaining the cavitation collapse process under different load pressures.

[0078] Referring to Figures 1-6The heat dissipation method of the plunger pump cavitation test, the control system 1 controls the heat generated when the cavitation motor 31 drives the control shaft 331 to rotate, and the control system 1 adjusts the flow of the electric control flow valve 22 according to the feedback of the temperature sensor of the heat dissipation oil temperature port 341, so that the hydraulic oil flows from the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity 321 into the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320 and then flows out of the heat dissipation oil return cavity 322 to return to the oil return, thereby adjusting the temperature of the operating components; The radial oil channel 338 on the rotating control shaft 331 forms the effect of centrifugal suction of oil, and the hydraulic oil in the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320 is sucked into the cavity formed by the cylinder body disc 329, the distribution disc 330, the control shaft 331, the bearing sleeve 334 and the second bearing 335 through the main shaft heat dissipation channel 340, the axial oil channel 339 and the radial oil channel 338, and then output by the second bearing heat dissipation channel 337 and the end cover heat dissipation channel 336 and circulate back to the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320 through the first bearing 333, while the oil in the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity 320 is in a dynamic flow state, so that the heat is taken away by the circulating hydraulic oil.

[0079] The basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plunger pump cavitation test device, comprising a control system, an oil supply control part, a cavitation operation part, a hydraulic power part, the oil outlet of the oil supply control part is connected with the oil inlet cavity and the oil supply cavity of the cavitation operation part respectively, the oil outlet of the oil supply control part is also connected with the pump control oil port of the hydraulic power part, the oil return cavity and the oil press cavity of the cavitation operation part are connected with the oil return port of the oil supply control part respectively, the oil extraction port of the cavitation operation part is connected with the pump first oil port of the hydraulic power part, the pump second oil port and the pump oil return port of the hydraulic power part are connected with the oil return port of the oil supply control part respectively, the control system is connected with the controlled components, sensors and photographic devices of the oil supply control part, the cavitation operation part and the hydraulic power part respectively, characterized in that, The cavitation operation part comprises a cavitation motor, an integrated end cover, a heat dissipation oil inlet connector, a heat dissipation oil inlet pipe connector, an oil supply connector, an oil supply pipe connector, a high-speed camera, a cavitation cavity, an oil extraction connector, an oil extraction pipe connector, a pressure sensor, an anti-stirring cover, an oil pressing connector, an oil pressing pipe connector, a heat dissipation oil return connector, a heat dissipation oil return pipe connector, a cylinder body-like plunger cavity, a pre-pressing spring, a tightening nut, a cylinder body-like disc, a flow distribution disc, a control shaft, a spring washer, a first bearing, a bearing sleeve, and a second bearing. The bearing sleeve is fixedly arranged on the integrated end cover, the second bearing is fixedly arranged in the bearing sleeve, the first bearing is sleeved on the control shaft, and the first bearing is arranged on the integrated end cover. The control shaft is rotatably arranged in the second bearing. The flow distribution disc is sleeved on the bearing sleeve and abuts against the end face of the integrated end cover. The cylinder body-like disc is fixedly arranged on the control shaft. A tightening nut is arranged on the fastening threaded end of the control shaft. A spring washer is arranged on one side of the inner ring of the first bearing and sleeved on the control shaft. The pre-pressing spring is arranged between the tightening nut and the spring washer and sleeved on the control shaft. The axial position of the tightening nut on the control shaft is adjusted by rotation to adjust the pre-pressing force of the pre-pressing spring, thereby controlling the abutting pre-pressing force of the cylinder body-like disc and the flow distribution disc. The cavitation motor is fixedly arranged on the integrated end cover. The power output shaft of the cavitation motor is connected in transmission with the control shaft. The anti-stirring cover is sleeved on the cylinder body-like disc and the flow distribution disc and is fixedly arranged on the integrated end cover. When it is necessary to observe the cavitation state in the cylinder, the cylinder body-like plunger cavity is arranged on the cylinder body-like disc. The cylinder body-like plunger cavity is detachable to facilitate different tests. The heat dissipation oil inlet connector, the oil supply connector, the oil extraction connector, the oil pressing connector, and the heat dissipation oil return connector are arranged at corresponding oil ports of the integrated end cover. The heat dissipation oil inlet connector is connected with an oil pipe through the heat dissipation oil inlet pipe connector. The oil supply connector is connected with the oil pipe through the oil supply pipe connector. The oil extraction connector is connected with the oil pipe through the oil extraction pipe connector. The oil pressing connector is connected with the oil pipe through the oil pressing pipe connector. The heat dissipation oil return connector is connected with the oil pipe through the heat dissipation oil return pipe connector. The integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity are fixedly connected to form a sealed cavity. The anti-stirring cover, the cylinder body-like plunger cavity, the cylinder body-like disc, and the flow distribution disc are located in the cavity formed by the cavitation cavity and the integrated end cover. A plurality of high-speed cameras and pressure sensors are arranged on the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, respectively, to monitor and record the cavitation change process.

2. The plunger pump cavitation testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The integrated end cover is coaxially provided with an end cover heat dissipation inner cavity, a first bearing cavity, an end cover heat dissipation channel and a bearing sleeve cavity from one end to the other end in sequence, a heat dissipation oil inlet cavity is arranged on one side of the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity, and a heat dissipation oil return cavity is arranged on the other side; the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity and the heat dissipation oil return cavity are respectively connected with the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity; an oil supply cavity and an oil pressing cavity are further arranged on the integrated end cover; the oil supply cavity and the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity are located on the same side, and the oil inlet ports of the oil supply cavity and the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover; the oil pressing cavity and the heat dissipation oil return cavity are located on the same side, and the oil outlet ports of the oil pressing cavity and the heat dissipation oil return cavity are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover; the oil outlet port of the oil supply cavity and the oil inlet port of the oil pressing cavity are located on the same end surface of the integrated end cover; the oil outlet port of the oil supply cavity is located on one side of the bearing sleeve cavity, and the oil inlet port of the oil pressing cavity is located on the other side of the bearing sleeve cavity; an oil supply pressure port and an oil supply camera port are arranged on the integrated end cover and connected with the oil supply cavity; an oil pressing pressure port and an oil pressing camera port are arranged on the integrated end cover and connected with the oil pressing cavity; a screw hole is arranged on the integrated end cover at the end of the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity; a pin hole is arranged on the integrated end cover at the end of the bearing sleeve cavity; the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel is smaller than the diameter of the first bearing cavity, and the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel is smaller than the diameter of the bearing sleeve cavity.

3. The plunger pump cavitation testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The control shaft is sequentially provided with a transmission inner hole, an axial oil channel and a radial oil channel from one end to the other end; a transmission key groove and a main shaft heat dissipation channel are further arranged on the transmission inner hole; one end of the axial oil channel is connected with the transmission inner hole, and the other end is connected with the radial oil channel; a fastening thread, a first bearing outer circle, a second bearing outer circle and a tensioning boss are sequentially arranged on the outer part of the control shaft from one end to the other end; the diameter of the first bearing outer circle is greater than the diameter of the end cover heat dissipation channel.

4. The plunger pump cavitation testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein, A second bearing heat dissipation channel is arranged on the second bearing; a bearing sleeve is fixedly arranged in the bearing sleeve cavity; a first bearing sleeve is arranged on the first bearing outer circle; the first bearing is arranged in the first bearing cavity; the second bearing outer circle of the control shaft is rotationally arranged in the second bearing; The distribution disc is attached to the end surface of the bearing sleeve cavity of the integrated end cover; a pin shaft arranged in the pin hole of the integrated end cover is matched with the pin hole of the distribution disc, so that the relative position of the distribution disc to the integrated end cover is limited; the control shaft limits the axial position of the cylinder body disc to the control shaft through the tensioning boss; A heat dissipation oil inlet connector is arranged on the oil inlet port of the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity; a heat dissipation oil return connector is arranged on the oil outlet port of the heat dissipation oil return cavity; an oil supply connector is arranged on the oil inlet port of the oil supply cavity; an oil pressing connector is arranged on the oil outlet port of the oil pressing cavity; and an oil extraction connector is arranged on the oil extraction port of the cavitation cavity.

5. The plunger pump cavitation testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The cavitation cavity is provided with a pressure-bearing reinforced glass at the high-speed camera; the heat dissipation oil temperature port is provided with a temperature sensor; the oil supply camera port and the oil pressing camera port are respectively provided with high-speed cameras; and the oil supply pressure port and the oil pressing pressure port are respectively provided with pressure sensors.

6. The plunger pump cavitation testing apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The oil supply control part comprises an oil supply pump station, an electric control flow valve, an oil supply flow meter, an oil supply check valve, an oil extraction flow meter, an electric control overflow valve, a pressure oil check valve and a pressure oil flow meter.

7. The plunger pump cavitation testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The control system controls the pump motor to drive the plunger pump at different speeds, controls the pump electric control valve and makes the plunger pump obtain different displacements under the action of pressure oil from the pump control oil port, and the displacement of the plunger pump in combination with the speed forms a flow.

8. A plunger pump cavitation test method for the plunger pump cavitation test apparatus of claim 6, characterized by, The oil supply control part supplies oil to the cavitation running part and the hydraulic power part respectively, and the back oil of the cavitation running part and the hydraulic power part is delivered to the oil supply control part.

9. The plunger pump cavitation testing method of claim 8, wherein, The control system controls the cavitation motor and the pump motor to rotate respectively, the cavitation motor drives the cylinder body disc to rotate through the control shaft, the pump motor drives the plunger pump to rotate, the control system controls the pump electric control valve and makes the plunger pump suck pressure oil under the action of pressure oil from the pump control oil port, the control system further controls the oil supply pump station to supply oil to the oil supply cavity, the hydraulic oil in the oil supply cavity through the oil supply check valve and the oil supply flow meter enters the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity through the flow distribution disc and the cylinder body disc, the plunger pump sucks the hydraulic oil in the cavity, and the hydraulic oil in the cavity enters the plunger pump through the oil extraction flow meter and then outputs back oil, in this process, oil suction forms negative pressure and then forms a cavity; When the cavity is formed or after the cavity is developed stably, the control system controls the pump electric control valve to change the pressure oil suction direction of the plunger pump, the plunger pump changes from the state of sucking oil from the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity to the state of pressing oil into the cavity, the hydraulic oil forming the cavity is pressed into the pressure oil cavity through the cylinder body disc and the flow distribution disc, and then outputted through the pressure oil flow meter, the pressure oil check valve and the electric control overflow valve, and the pressure of the pressure oil in this process makes the cavities in the hydraulic oil collapse; During cavitation operation, the high-speed camera and pressure sensor feed the cavitation data to the control system in real time, and the control system analyzes the cavitation degree and cavitation effect under different operating conditions according to the data feedback of the oil supply flowmeter, oil extraction flowmeter and oil pressure flowmeter, and combines the image and pressure change.

10. The plunger pump cavitation testing method of claim 9, wherein, When the plunger pump sucks oil in the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the oil pressure cavity side is closed under the action of the oil pressure check valve, and the oil supply check valve is open; when the plunger pump pressurizes oil in the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the oil supply cavity side is closed under the action of the oil supply check valve, and the oil pressure check valve is open.

11. The plunger pump cavitation testing method of claim 9, wherein, The valve plate is consistent with the valve plate structure of the plunger pump, and the lapping surface structure of the cylinder body plate and the valve plate is consistent with the lapping surface structure of the cylinder body and the valve plate of the plunger pump; when the plunger pump is an open pump, the oil supply pump station supplies oil to the oil supply cavity under constant pressure, and when the plunger pump is a closed pump, the oil supply pump station supplies oil to the oil supply cavity under the set pressure of the closed pump.

12. The plunger pump cavitation testing method of claim 9, wherein, During dynamic cavitation test detection, the control system controls the speed of the cavitation motor to be consistent with the speed of the pump motor, and the control system can also control the relative fixed state of the cylinder body plate and the valve plate through the cavitation motor, so as to record the continuous cavitation phenomenon in a certain steady state; when the cylinder body plunger cavity is arranged on the cylinder body plate, the distribution of cavitation in the cylinder body plunger cavity can be observed and recorded, so as to facilitate the subsequent observation and recording of the collapse law and the guidance to the denudation area during the oil pressure process.

13. The plunger pump cavitation testing method of claim 9, wherein, During the process of the plunger pump sucking and pressurizing hydraulic oil in the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the kinematic characteristics of the internal operation of the plunger pump are mirrored in the cavitation operation part, so that the cavitation formation characteristics of the cavitation operation part are consistent with the actual cavitation formation characteristics in the plunger pump; When the plunger pump pressurizes oil in the cavity formed by the integrated end cover and the cavitation cavity, the control system controls the electric control overflow valve to adjust the oil pressure, and then obtains the cavitation collapse process under different load pressures; The data difference between the oil supply flowmeter and the oil extraction flowmeter can numerically value the cavitation degree, and the sub-cavitation, critical cavitation, local cavitation and super-cavitation states of cavitation can be numerically defined by combining the image change process and pressure data.

14. A heat dissipation method for a plunger pump cavitation test, which is used for the plunger pump cavitation test device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control system adjusts the flow of the electric control flow valve according to the feedback of the temperature sensor of the heat dissipation oil temperature port, so that the hydraulic oil flows from the heat dissipation oil inlet cavity to the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity, and then flows out of the heat dissipation oil return cavity to return to the oil return, thereby adjusting the temperature of the operating components; the radial oil channel on the rotating control shaft forms the effect of centrifugal oil suction, and the hydraulic oil in the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity is sucked into the cavity formed by the cylinder body plate, the valve plate, the control shaft, the bearing sleeve and the second bearing through the main shaft heat dissipation channel, the axial oil channel and the radial oil channel, and then outputted by the second bearing heat dissipation channel and the end cover heat dissipation channel and circulated back to the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity through the first bearing, and the oil in the end cover heat dissipation inner cavity is in a dynamic flow state, so that the heat is taken away by the circulating hydraulic oil.

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