Deep hole blasting three-section hole sealing method

Abstract

According to the deep hole blasting three-section hole sealing method, a hole sealing section is arranged below an explosive section in a blasting hole, the explosive section is arranged at the top end of the blasting hole formed in a rock wall 1, the hole sealing section is arranged below the explosive section and comprises a damage section, a pressure bearing section and a sealing section, the damage section is arranged below the explosive section, the upper end of the damage section is attached to the lower end of the explosive section, and the pressure bearing section is arranged at the top end of the blasting hole. The sealing section is arranged at an orifice of the blast hole, and the pressure-bearing section is arranged between the destroying section and the sealing section. According to the method, the cost is lower, the punching probability is smaller, and the hole sealing efficiency and the blasting success rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering, and in particular relates to a three-stage hole sealing method for deep hole blasting. Background Art

[0002] Deep hole blasting is currently the main means of crushing and relieving pressure on high-level hard roofs in coal mines. It is mainly an early active intervention crushing of the hard rock wall roof 20-150 meters away from the tunnel roof. Because the tunnel below the blasting hole must continue to be used, the integrity of the tunnel must be ensured and not affected during blasting, so sealing the blasting hole is particularly important.

[0003] There are two main methods for sealing deep hole blasting, including: Figure 1 The gun mud sealing method and Figure 2 However, the cannon mud sealing method requires prefabricated cannon mud, and the adhesion between the cannon mud and the hole wall is low, which makes it less impact-resistant and prone to punching. In addition, the cannon mud sealing method takes a long time to seal the hole, is inefficient, and has a poor sealing effect. Compared with the cannon mud sealing method, although the grouting sealing method reduces the sealing time, the solidification time of the sealing grouting slurry is greatly affected by technology and on-site proportioning. Moreover, the above two sealing methods are both single full-hole sealing. The impact force received during the blasting process is completely borne by the strength of the sealing material of the sealing section and the friction between the material and the hole wall. If the friction is less than the impact force, punching will occur, thereby affecting the success rate and blasting effect of the blasting. In addition, the material costs of both are relatively high, and the labor intensity of sealing is high. Furthermore, the explosion of the explosive in the explosive section 2 must be limited. The use of the above two sealing methods often fails to seal the position of the explosive, leaving an air section at the bottom of the explosive, which will have a certain impact on the release of the power of the explosive, reduce the effect of the explosion energy on the surrounding rock wall, and make the blasting effect worse. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-stage sealing method for deep hole blasting with better effect, lower time consumption, lower consumables and lower punching rate, so as to solve the technical problems that the sealing method used in the existing deep hole blasting has high consumables, long time consumption and easy punching, which affects its blasting effect and blasting success rate.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A three-stage sealing method for deep hole blasting, wherein the sealing section is arranged below the explosive section in the blasting hole, the explosive section is arranged at the top of the blasting hole arranged on the rock wall, the sealing section is arranged below the explosive section, and comprises a destruction section, a pressure section and a sealing section, wherein the destruction section is arranged below the explosive section, and its upper end is fitted with the lower end of the explosive section, the sealing section is arranged at the hole mouth of the blasting hole, and the pressure section is arranged between the destruction section and the sealing section.

[0007] Furthermore, corresponding air sections are provided between the destruction section and the pressure section and between the pressure section and the sealing section, including a first air section between the destruction section and the pressure section and a second air section between the pressure section and the sealing section.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific construction method of the sealing section mainly includes the following steps:

[0009] The first step is to bury the destruction section, which is buried close to the lower end of the explosive section and has a length corresponding to that of the explosive section;

[0010] The second step is to bury the pressure section below the destruction section, leaving a certain space between the two, which is the first air section.

[0011] The third step is to bury the sealing section at the mouth of the blasting hole below the pressure section, and reserve a certain space between the pressure section and the sealing section, which is the second air section.

[0012] Furthermore, the lengths of the destruction section, pressure section and sealing section decrease from top to bottom, wherein the length of the destruction section is 3m-5m, the length of the pressure section is 2m-3m, and the total length of the destruction section, pressure section and sealing section is not less than 7m.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the sealing section is 7m-10m.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the first air segment is not less than 5 m.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the second air section is smaller than that of the first air section, and the two are arranged in a stepped manner, and the lengths of the destruction section, the pressure section and the sealing section decrease from top to bottom.

[0016] The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method of the present invention adopts a sealing method that combines a destruction section, a pressure section and a sealing section to replace the existing single sealing method. The structure requires lower consumables, which greatly reduces the sealing cost. The setting of the air section uses air buffering to replace part of the explosion impact force borne by the friction between the sealing material and the hole wall, which greatly reduces the probability of punching in the sealing section, thereby making the blasting effect better and the blasting success rate higher. When the deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method of the present invention is used to seal the hole, it takes less time, so that the sealing efficiency is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the existing deep hole blasting method of sealing with gun mud;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the existing grouting and sealing method in deep hole blasting;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method of the present invention;

[0020] Explanation of the markings in the figure: 1, rock wall; 2, explosive section; 3, destruction section; 4, pressure section; 5, sealing section; 6, first air section; 61, second air section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, a three-stage deep hole blasting sealing method of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the three-stage sealing method for deep hole blasting of the present invention, wherein the sealing section is arranged below the explosive section 2 in the blasting hole, the blasting hole is arranged on the rock wall 1, the explosive section 2 is arranged at the top of the blasting hole, and the sealing section is arranged below the explosive section 2, which includes a destruction section 3, a pressure section 4 and a sealing section 5, wherein the destruction section 3 is arranged below the explosive section 2, and its upper end is fitted with the lower end of the explosive section 2, the sealing section 5 is arranged at the hole mouth of the blasting hole, and the pressure section 4 is arranged between the destruction section 3 and the sealing section 5. Through the combination of the three, the blasting power when the explosive in the explosive section 2 is released is not affected, and the sealing cost of the blasting hole is lowered, the sealing time used is shorter, and the sealing efficiency of the blasting hole is improved.

[0023] Furthermore, corresponding air segments are provided between the destruction segment 3 and the pressure segment 4 and between the pressure segment 4 and the sealing segment 5, including a first air segment 6 and a second air segment 61, wherein the first air segment 6 is located between the destruction segment 3 and the pressure segment 4, and the second air segment 61 is located between the pressure segment 4 and the sealing segment 5, both of which utilize the compressibility of air to improve the buffering performance of the impact of the current segment on the upper hole segment during blasting.

[0024] The specific construction method of the sealing section mainly includes the following steps:

[0025] The first step is to bury the destruction section 3 at the lower end of the explosive section 2 at the top of the blasting hole. The upper end of the destruction section 3 is close to the lower end of the explosive section 2, which adds a restriction to the explosive section 2 so that the explosive in the explosive section 2 can fully release energy during blasting.

[0026] The second step is to bury the pressure section 4, which is buried at a certain interval below the destruction section 3. The space reserved between the lower end of the destruction section 3 and the upper end of the pressure section 4 is the first air section 6.

[0027] The third step is to bury the sealing section 5 at the opening of the blasting hole below the pressure section 4 , and reserve a certain space between the lower end of the pressure section 4 and the upper end of the sealing section 5 , which is the second air section 61 .

[0028] Furthermore, the lengths of the destruction section 3, the pressure section 4 and the sealing section 5 decrease in a step-like manner from top to bottom, which can better buffer the release power of the explosive toward the hole mouth during blasting, thereby reducing the occurrence of punching. The length of the destruction section 3 corresponds to the explosive section 2, and is adjusted as the length of the explosive section 2 increases or decreases. The length range is preferably 3m-5m, which mainly plays the role of fixing the explosive in the explosive section 2. The corresponding pressure section 4 has a length of 2m-3m, which mainly bears the pressure transmitted by the first air section 6 and plays a buffering role. When the total length of the destruction section 3, the pressure section 4 and the sealing section 5 is not less than 7m, it can withstand the sealing requirements of most explosive equivalents. The length range is preferably 7m-10m, which effectively reduces the material consumption rate of the sealing, and will not reduce the blasting effect of the explosive. At the same time, it can also well meet the resistance required for the explosion, and provide a good buffering effect for the explosive force in the hole direction to prevent it from causing damage to the tunnel below the blasting hole.

[0029] Furthermore, the length of the first air segment 6 is not less than 5m, which is longer than the length of the destruction segment 3. The length of the second air segment 61 is shorter than the first air segment 6. The stepped arrangement of the two can gradually buffer the blasting force in the hole direction, so that the two air segments can play a better buffering role.

[0030] During blasting, after the explosives in the explosive section 2 are detonated, the power of the explosives is completely released under the restriction of the destruction section 3. At this time, the destruction section 3 that provides the restriction for the explosive section 2 is first impacted, and the destruction section 3 is destroyed by the shock wave. Then, the impact force of the explosion reaches the first air section 6, which partially buffers it. Then, the impact force buffered by the first air section 6 is transmitted to the pressure section 4, and the pressure section 4 bears most of the impact force transmitted by the hole section above it and buffers it completely. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method of the present invention is used for deep hole blasting. When the hole is blasted, most of the explosion shock waves of the explosive section 2 are transmitted to the pressure section 4 and can be buffered. The last second air section 61 and the sealing section 5 serve as insurance sections, playing a secondary insurance role at the hole mouth. For a small part of the pressure section 4 that cannot withstand the residual shock waves transmitted to the second air section 61, after being buffered by the second air section 61, a very small part is transmitted to the sealing section 5 of the hole mouth, which is not enough to destroy the sealing section 5. In this way, the sealing section 5 can well ensure the integrity of the hole mouth and at the same time, take over and unload the last residual pressure.

[0031] The three-stage sealing method for deep hole blasting of the present invention adopts a three-stage combination of a destruction section 3, a pressure section 4 and a sealing section 5. Compared with the existing sealing method, under the premise that the explosive section 2 is the same, the top of the destruction section 3 is close to the explosive section 2, which can better fix the explosives in the explosive section 2 and restrict the explosives, so that the power of the explosives can be better released when the explosives explode. At the same time, the sealing cost is lower and the sealing time is shorter. For example, when the blasting hole with a diameter of 75 mm and a depth of 75 m is sealed by the gun mud sealing method, the sealing section needs to reach 40 m, and when the blasting hole with a diameter of 75 mm and a depth of 115 m is sealed by the grouting sealing method, the sealing section needs to be no less than 30 m. If this sealing method is used for less than 30m, punching will occur, and the use of this sealing method will also increase the cost of other materials, such as: sealing bags and exhaust pipes, etc. Compared with the prior art, when using the three-stage sealing method to seal the blasting hole with a diameter of 75mm and a depth of 75m-115m, the length of the sealing section does not exceed 10m, which greatly saves the material cost of sealing. In addition, the setting of the first air section 6 and the second air section 61 fully utilizes the compressibility of air as a buffer section, greatly reduces the possibility of punching, improves the quality of sealing, thereby improving the effect and success rate of blasting, and thus can better ensure the integrity of the tunnel below the blasting hole.

[0032] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-stage sealing method for deep hole blasting, wherein the sealing stage is arranged below the explosive stage (2) in the blasting hole, characterized in that: The explosive section (2) is arranged at the top of a blasting hole arranged on a rock wall (1), and the sealing section is arranged below the explosive section (2). The explosive section (2) comprises a destruction section (3), a pressure section (4) and a sealing section (5), wherein the destruction section (3) is arranged below the explosive section (2), and its upper end is in contact with the lower end of the explosive section (2); the sealing section (5) is arranged at the opening of the blasting hole; and the pressure section (4) is arranged between the destruction section (3) and the sealing section (5).

2. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Corresponding air sections are provided between the breaking section (3) and the pressure section (4) and between the pressure section (4) and the sealing section (5), including a first air section (6) between the breaking section (3) and the pressure section (4) and a second air section (61) between the pressure section (4) and the sealing section (5).

3. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific construction method of the sealing section is mainly The following steps are involved: The first step is to bury the destruction section (3), which is buried close to the lower end of the explosive section (2) and has a length corresponding to that of the explosive section (2); The second step is to bury the pressure section (4). The pressure section (4) is buried below the destruction section (3), and a certain space is reserved between the two. This space is the first air section (6); The third step is to bury the sealing section (5). The sealing section (5) is buried at the opening of the blasting hole below the pressure section (4). A certain space is reserved between the pressure section (4) and the sealing section (5), and this space is the second air section (61).

4. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The lengths of the destruction section (3), the pressure section (4) and the sealing section (5) decrease from top to bottom, wherein the length of the destruction section (3) is between 3m and 5m, the length of the pressure section (4) is between 2m and 3m, and the total length of the destruction section (3), the pressure section (4) and the sealing section (5) is not less than 7m.

5. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The length of the sealing section (5) is 7m-10m.

6. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The length of the first air section (6) is not less than 5 m.

7. The deep hole blasting three-stage sealing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The length of the second air section (61) is shorter than that of the first air section (6), and the two are arranged in a stepped manner, with the lengths of the destruction section (3), the pressure-bearing section (4) and the sealing section decreasing from top to bottom.

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