Adjustable on-site horizontal clipper test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rock-soil mechanical strength tests, in particular to an adjustable on-site horizontal push shear test device. The device comprises a clipper detection assembly, a pit body, a front pushing assembly and a side clamping mechanism. The clipper detection assembly comprises a horizontally distributed jack, an electronic pressure gauge for detecting oil pressure in the jack, an electronic displacement meter arranged on the jack, a digital display meter in communication connection with the electronic displacement meter, and a data acquisition instrument in communication connection with the electronic pressure gauge and the electronic displacement meter; the pit body is provided with a bearing assembly used for adjusting the height of the jack and a rear supporting assembly used for abutting against the rear end of the jack. The forward pushing assembly abuts against the output end of the jack, and a wire body is connected between the forward pushing assembly and the electronic displacement meter. The side clamping mechanism comprises two side clamping assemblies horizontally and symmetrically distributed on the pit body. Displacement and pressure can be visually seen, and the jack can be adjusted to be aligned with the height of the front ribbed steel plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rock and soil mechanics strength test, in particular to an adjustable on-site horizontal push-shear test device. Background Art

[0002] Natural disasters frequently occur in southeastern Tibet. The high altitude, high rainfall, and freezing and thawing affect the mechanical properties and structure of the soil, thus changing the strength of the soil. Therefore, it is very important to study the mechanical properties of the soil to prevent natural disasters. The indoor test methods for the shear strength of soil mainly include direct shear test and triaxial shear test, and the outdoor test method is the on-site horizontal shear test, which is also the main way to determine the shear strength of rock and soil.

[0003] There are many shortcomings in the on-site shear test device, such as the front baffle is easy to tilt, resulting in uneven force on the soil, and the jack is not easy to be placed in the standard position, resulting in uneven force on the soil. In the actual application of the existing on-site horizontal shear test device for rock and soil, it was found that:

[0004] 1. Users cannot directly see the displacement and pressure;

[0005] 2. It is impossible to easily align the jack to one-third of the height of the front ribbed steel plate, because aligning to one-third of the height is the test specification. If it is not aligned, the front ribbed steel plate will be unevenly stressed and prone to tilting. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the background technology and to propose an adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device which can visually see the displacement and pressure and can adjust the height of the jack to the front ribbed steel plate.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is an adjustable on-site horizontal shearing test device, which includes a shearing detection component, a pit body, a front push component and a side clamping mechanism; the shearing detection component includes a horizontally distributed jack, an electronic pressure gauge for detecting the internal oil pressure of the jack, an electronic displacement meter arranged on the jack, a digital display connected to the electronic displacement meter, and a data acquisition instrument connected to the electronic pressure gauge and the electronic displacement meter; a supporting component for adjusting the height of the jack and a rear support component for the rear end of the jack to abut are arranged on the pit body; the front push component abuts against the output end of the jack and is connected to the electronic displacement meter by a wire body; the side clamping mechanism includes two groups of side clamping components horizontally and symmetrically distributed on the pit body.

[0008] Preferably, the rear support assembly includes a rear ribbed steel plate and a rear sleeper fitted on the pit body, and the front push assembly includes a front ribbed steel plate and a front sleeper fitted and connected, and the rear ribbed steel plate and the front ribbed steel plate are located between the rear sleeper and the front sleeper.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting assembly includes a supporting plate arranged on the pit body, a supporting plate located above the supporting plate, and a plurality of groups of first adjustable supports vertically arranged on the supporting plate and lifting the supporting plate.

[0010] Preferably, a level is provided on the support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the side clamp assembly includes a fixed plate arranged on the pit body, a clamping plate arranged vertically, and a second adjustable supporter arranged horizontally and abutting against the clamping plate.

[0012] Preferably, the first adjustable support includes a first screw rod vertically arranged on the support plate and a first screw barrel threadedly connected to the first screw rod, and the top end of the first screw barrel abuts against the support plate; the second adjustable support includes a second screw rod horizontally arranged on the fixed plate and a second screw barrel threadedly connected to the second screw rod, and the outer end of the second screw barrel abuts against the clamping plate.

[0013] Preferably, a plastic sealed water bag is provided on one side of the splint, and the plastic sealed water bag has water holes.

[0014] Preferably, the test method of the horizontal push shear test device comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Dig out the pit and specimen for the test;

[0016] S2. Place a splint on the side of the pit body, leave a gap between the splint and the sample to place a plastic sealed water bag, and use the second adjustable support to tightly connect the splint, plastic sealed water bag and sample; place the front ribbed steel plate and the front sleeper in front of the sample and place the jack on the pallet, and adjust it with a level, then adjust the jack to align with one-third of the height of the front ribbed steel plate and one-half of the left and right sides, and use a level to level it, place the rear ribbed steel plate and the rear sleeper behind the jack and keep it close to the pit body;

[0017] S3. Shake the jack and apply horizontal thrust in stages. The readings of the electronic displacement meter and the electronic pressure gauge are recorded in real time by the data acquisition instrument. When the electronic pressure gauge reading reaches the maximum value during the test, if the pressure is continued to be increased, the electronic pressure gauge reading does not increase but decreases. The maximum reading of the electronic pressure gauge at this time is the maximum horizontal thrust P. max ; Loosen the jack oil valve to make the electronic pressure gauge reading return to a stable value and continue to pressurize until the electronic pressure gauge reading reaches the test peak value again. At this time, the electronic pressure gauge reading is the minimum horizontal thrust P min ;

[0018] S4. Determine the position of the sliding arc on the specimen and measure the distance and height of each point on the sliding arc;

[0019] S5. Draw the sliding surface according to the measured data, and obtain multiple sliders of equal width by dividing the sliding surface. According to the maximum horizontal thrust and minimum horizontal thrust measured by the jack, use the following three formulas to calculate the cohesion c and internal friction angle values:

[0020] g i =b i h i γ

[0021]

[0022] Among them, g i is the gravity of the ith slider, b i is the length of the i-th slider, h i is the midline height of the ith slider, γ is the natural density of the soil, P max is the maximum horizontal thrust, P min is the minimum horizontal thrust, b is the total width of all sliders, l i is the line length of the i-th sliding surface on the section, G is the gravity of all sliders, α i is the angle between the sliding surface of the i-th slider and the horizontal plane;

[0023] S6. Repeat steps S1-S5, conduct multiple tests on soil samples in different locations, and calculate their cohesion and internal friction angle.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] The present invention can visually see the displacement and pressure through the digital display and data acquisition instrument, and can adjust the jack to align with the front ribbed steel plate at one-third of the height. The front ribbed steel plate is evenly stressed and not easy to tilt. It can handle samples of different heights, making the test more convenient, accurate and reliable. It can collect and store data in real time, making data processing more convenient and quick. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A top view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of the local structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment principle structure of the support plate;

[0029] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment principle of the splint is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plastic sealed water bag.

[0031] Figure numerals: 1. pit body; 2. support plate; 3. first adjustable support; 4. support plate; 5. jack; 6. rear ribbed steel plate; 7. rear sleeper; 8. front ribbed steel plate; 9. front sleeper; 10. electronic pressure gauge; 11. electronic displacement meter; 12. digital display; 13. data acquisition instrument; 14. specimen; 141. sliding surface; 15. plastic sealed water bag; 151. water hole; 16. splint; 17. second adjustable support; 18. fixed plate; 19. spirit level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the adjustable on-site horizontal shearing test device proposed in this embodiment includes a shearing detection component, a pit body 1, a front push component and a side clamping mechanism.

[0034] The clipper detection component includes a horizontally distributed jack 5, an electronic pressure gauge 10 for detecting the internal oil pressure of the jack 5, an electronic displacement meter 11 arranged on the jack 5, a digital display 12 connected to the electronic displacement meter 11 for communication, and a data acquisition device 13 connected to the electronic pressure gauge 10 and the electronic displacement meter 11 for communication. The digital display 12 can facilitate the user to intuitively see the displacement data detected by the electronic displacement meter 11, and the data acquisition device 13 is convenient for intuitively seeing the internal oil pressure data of the jack 5 collected by the electronic pressure gauge 10.

[0035] The pit body 1 is provided with a supporting assembly for adjusting the height of the jack 5 and a rear supporting assembly for the rear end of the jack 5 to abut against.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the supporting assembly includes a support plate 2 arranged on the pit body 1, a support plate 4 located above the support plate 2, and a plurality of first adjustable supporters 3 vertically arranged on the support plate 2 and lifting the support plate 4, and the support plate 2 is supported on the bottom surface of the pit body 1. The first adjustable supporter 3 includes a first screw rod vertically arranged on the support plate 2 and a first screw barrel threadedly connected to the first screw rod, and the top end of the first screw barrel abuts against the support plate 4. The height and horizontal state of the top support plate 4 are adjusted by rotating the plurality of first screw barrels. A spirit level 19 is provided on the support plate 4. When adjusting the height of the support plate 4, the spirit level 19 is used to observe whether the support plate 4 is adjusted to a horizontal state, so that the support plate 4 can be finally adjusted to a target height and maintained in a horizontal distribution state.

[0037] The rear support assembly includes a rear ribbed steel plate 6 and a rear sleeper 7 that are fitted on the pit body 1, and the rear sleeper 7 abuts against one lateral side of the interior of the pit body 1. The front push assembly includes a front ribbed steel plate 8 and a front sleeper 9 that are fitted and connected, and the rear ribbed steel plate 6 and the front ribbed steel plate 8 are located between the rear sleeper 7 and the front sleeper 9.

[0038] The forward push assembly is abutted against the output end of the jack 5, and a wire body is connected to the electronic displacement meter 11, and the wire body is specifically connected to the front ribbed steel plate 8. The displacement detection of the electronic displacement meter 11 is realized by the outward displacement distance of the forward push assembly.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the side clamp mechanism includes two sets of side clamp assemblies horizontally and symmetrically distributed on the pit body 1. The side clamp assembly includes a fixed plate 18 arranged on the pit body 1, a clamping plate 16 arranged vertically, and a second adjustable supporter 17 arranged horizontally and abutting against the clamping plate 16. The fixed plate 18 is close to the side of the pit body 1. The second adjustable supporter 17 includes a second screw rod horizontally arranged on the fixed plate 18 and a second screw barrel threadedly connected to the second screw rod, and the outer end of the second screw barrel abuts against the clamping plate 16. By rotating multiple second screw barrels, the extension distance of the outer end can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the extension distance when abutting against the clamping plate 16, and clamping the two clamping plates 16 toward the middle.

[0040] This embodiment can visually see the displacement and pressure through the digital display 12 and the data acquisition instrument 13, and can adjust the height of the jack 5, and align it with the front ribbed steel plate 8 at one-third of its height through measurement. The front ribbed steel plate 8 is evenly stressed and not easy to tilt, and can handle samples 14 of different heights, making the test more convenient, accurate and reliable. The second adjustable support 17 is adjustable in length and can be applied to pits 1 of different widths. Data can be collected and stored in real time, making data processing more convenient and quick.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the adjustable on-site horizontal push-shear test device proposed in this embodiment is compared with the first embodiment. In this embodiment, a plastic sealed water bag 15 is provided on one side of the clamping plate 16. The plastic sealed water bag 15 has a water hole 151. A water pump is used to pass water to the plastic sealed water bag 15 at the water hole 151, or water is directly poured at the water hole 151. After the water is added, the water hole 151 is sealed by a cover. The plastic sealed water bag 15 is tightly attached between the sample 14 and the clamping plate 16. The two plastic sealed water bags 15 clamp the sample 14 from both sides respectively. The plastic sealed water bag 15 deforms together with the side wall of the sample 14, which greatly reduces its friction and increases the accuracy of the test.

[0043] The test method of the horizontal push shear test device comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, dig out the pit 1 and the sample 14 for the test;

[0045] S2. Place a clamp 16 on the side of the pit body 1, and leave a gap between the clamp 16 and the sample 14 to place a plastic sealed water bag 15. The clamp 16, the plastic sealed water bag 15 and the sample 14 are closely connected through the second adjustable support 17; place the front ribbed steel plate 8 and the front sleeper 9 in front of the sample 14 and place the jack 5 on the support plate 4. After leveling with a spirit level 19, adjust the jack 5 to align with one-third of the height of the front ribbed steel plate 8 and one-half of the left and right sides, and level it with a spirit level 19. Place the rear ribbed steel plate 6 and the rear sleeper 7 behind the jack 5 and keep it close to the pit body 1. When the jack 5 is aligned with the front ribbed steel plate 8 at one-third of the height from bottom to top, the front ribbed steel plate 8 can be evenly stressed and the front ribbed steel plate 8 is not easy to tilt;

[0046] S3, shake the jack 5, apply horizontal thrust in stages, and record the readings of the electronic displacement meter 11 and the electronic pressure gauge 10 in real time through the data acquisition instrument 13. When the test is carried out until the reading of the electronic pressure gauge 10 reaches the maximum value, if the pressure is continued to be increased, the reading of the electronic pressure gauge 10 does not increase but decreases. The maximum reading of the electronic pressure gauge 10 at this time is the maximum horizontal thrust P max ; Release the oil valve of jack 5, so that the reading of electronic pressure gauge 10 falls back to a stable value, and continue to pressurize so that the reading of electronic pressure gauge 10 reaches the test peak value again. At this time, the reading of electronic pressure gauge 10 is the minimum horizontal thrust P min ;

[0047] S4, determining the position of the sliding arc on the sample 14, and measuring the distance and height of each point on the sliding arc;

[0048] S5. Draw a sliding surface 141 according to the measured data, and obtain multiple sliders of equal width at the sliding surface 141 by dividing the sliders. Calculate the cohesion c and the internal friction angle using the following three formulas based on the maximum horizontal thrust, minimum horizontal thrust, gravity of each slider, gravity of all sliders, length of each slider, angle between the sliding surface of each slider and the horizontal plane, etc. measured by the jack 5.

[0049] g i =b i h i γ

[0050]

[0051] Among them, g i is the gravity of the ith slider, b i is the length of the i-th slider, h i is the midline height of the ith slider, γ is the natural density of the soil, P max is the maximum horizontal thrust, P min is the minimum horizontal thrust, b is the total width of all sliders, li is the line length of the i-th sliding surface on the section, G is the gravity of all sliders, α i is the angle between the sliding surface of the i-th slider and the horizontal plane;

[0052] S6. Repeat steps S1-S5, conduct multiple tests on soil samples in different locations, and calculate their cohesion and internal friction angle.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. Adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device, characterized in that: include: A shear detection assembly, comprising a horizontally distributed jack (5), an electronic pressure gauge (10) for detecting the internal oil pressure of the jack (5), an electronic displacement meter (11) arranged on the jack (5), a digital display (12) communicatively connected to the electronic displacement meter (11), and a data acquisition device (13) communicatively connected to the electronic pressure gauge (10) and the electronic displacement meter (11); A pit body (1) is provided with a supporting assembly for adjusting the height of the jack (5) and a rear supporting assembly for the rear end of the jack (5) to abut against; A forward push assembly is abutted against the output end of the jack (5) and is connected to the electronic displacement meter (11) by a wire body; The side clamping mechanism comprises two groups of side clamping components which are horizontally and symmetrically distributed on the pit body (1).

2. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear support assembly comprises a rear ribbed steel plate (6) and a rear sleeper (7) which are fitted on the pit body (1), and the front push assembly comprises a front ribbed steel plate (8) and a front sleeper (9) which are fitted and connected, and the rear ribbed steel plate (6) and the front ribbed steel plate (8) are located between the rear sleeper (7) and the front sleeper (9).

3. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting assembly comprises a supporting plate (2) arranged on a pit body (1), a supporting plate (4) located above the supporting plate (2), and a plurality of groups of first adjustable supports (3) vertically arranged on the supporting plate (2) and supporting the supporting plate (4).

4. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A level (19) is provided on the supporting plate (4).

5. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side clamp assembly comprises a fixing plate (18) arranged on the pit body (1), a clamping plate (16) arranged vertically, and a second adjustable supporter (17) arranged horizontally and abutting against the clamping plate (16).

6. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first adjustable support (3) comprises a first screw rod vertically arranged on the support plate (2) and a first screw barrel threadedly connected to the first screw rod, and the top end of the first screw barrel abuts against the support plate (4); the second adjustable support (17) comprises a second screw rod horizontally arranged on the fixed plate (18) and a second screw barrel threadedly connected to the second screw rod, and the outer end of the second screw barrel abuts against the clamping plate (16).

7. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plastic sealed water bag (15) is arranged on one side of the clamping plate (16), and the plastic sealed water bag (15) has a water hole (151).

8. The adjustable on-site horizontal shear test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test method includes the following steps: S1. digging out a test pit (1) and a test sample (14); S2. Place a clamp (16) on the side of the pit body, leave a gap between the clamp (16) and the sample (14) to place a plastic sealed water bag (15), and use a second adjustable support (17) to tightly connect the clamp (16), the plastic sealed water bag (15) and the sample (14); place the front ribbed steel plate (8) and the front sleeper (9) in front of the sample (14) and place the jack (5) on the support plate (4), and after leveling with a spirit level (19), adjust the jack (5) to align with one-third of the height of the front ribbed steel plate (8) and one-half of the left and right sides, and level it with a spirit level (19), place the rear ribbed steel plate (6) and the rear sleeper (7) behind the jack (5) and keep it close to the pit body (1); S3, shaking the jack (5), applying horizontal thrust in stages, and recording the readings of the electronic displacement meter (11) and the electronic pressure gauge (10) in real time through the data acquisition instrument (13). When the test is carried out until the reading of the electronic pressure gauge (10) reaches the maximum value, if the pressure is continued to be increased, the reading of the electronic pressure gauge (10) does not increase but decreases, the maximum reading of the electronic pressure gauge (10) at this time is the maximum horizontal thrust P max Release the oil valve of the jack (5) to make the reading of the electronic pressure gauge (10) fall back to a stable value. Continue to increase the pressure so that the reading of the electronic pressure gauge (10) reaches the test peak value again. At this time, the reading of the electronic pressure gauge (10) is the minimum horizontal thrust P min ; S4, determining the position of the sliding arc on the sample (14), and measuring the distance and height of each point on the sliding arc; S5. Draw a sliding surface (141) according to the measured data, obtain multiple sliding blocks of equal width by striping at the sliding surface (141), and calculate the cohesion c and the internal friction angle using the following formula according to the maximum horizontal thrust and the minimum horizontal thrust measured by the jack (5): g i =b i h i c Among them, g i is the gravity of the ith slider, b i is the length of the i-th slider, h i is the midline height of the ith slider, γ is the natural density of the soil, P max is the maximum horizontal thrust, P min is the minimum horizontal thrust, b is the total width of all sliders, l i is the line length of the i-th sliding surface on the section, G is the gravity of all sliders, α i is the angle between the sliding surface of the i-th slider and the horizontal plane; S6. Repeat steps S1-S5, conduct multiple tests on soil samples in different locations, and calculate their cohesion and internal friction angle.

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