A Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction

Abstract

The present invention provides a Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction, which relates to the field of microwave quantum technology. The method comprises: generating idler light and probe light with entangled characteristics, wherein the probe light excites the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information; the idler light and the probe light are non-coaxially reflected into the atomic gas chamber, and the coupled light is reflected into the atomic gas chamber to excite the Rydberg atoms from the excited state to the first Rydberg energy level; microwaves carrying microwave information are emitted into the atomic gas chamber, and the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the first Rydberg energy level to the second Rydberg energy level, so that the probe light carries the microwave information; finally, the idler light and the probe light enter a detection device to filter out the noise information, thereby obtaining the detected microwave information. The present invention can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams, realize Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light, and improve the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the field of microwave quantum technology, and specifically to a Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction. Background Art

[0002] Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms whose principal quantum number, n, is much greater than 1. They possess extremely large polarizability and microwave transition electric dipole moments, making them extremely sensitive to external electric fields. As their principal quantum number changes, they exhibit a rich variety of microwave energy level transitions, spanning an ultra-wide range from MHz to THz. Compared to ground-state and low-excited-state atoms, Rydberg atoms have longer radiative lifetimes, enabling longer coherent measurement integration times.

[0003] In recent years, microwave detection systems based on Rydberg atoms have attracted considerable attention due to their high sensitivity, showing great potential for application in fields including microwave communications, microwave detection, electronic reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures, and terahertz imaging. However, current microwave detection of Rydberg atoms relies on coherent laser detection, a measurement method that limits the detection limit to optical shot noise, making it difficult to achieve a decisive advantage in limit sensitivity over traditional electromagnetic detection methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a Rydberg atom microwave detection system and method based on entangled light noise reduction.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a Rydberg atom microwave detection system based on entangled light noise reduction, comprising an entangled light source generating device, a reflector assembly, an atomic gas chamber, a dichroic mirror, a microwave transmitting device and a detection device;

[0006] The entangled light source generating device generates two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, and transmits the idler light and the probe light to the reflector assembly, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information;

[0007] The reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber;

[0008] The dichroic mirror reflects the coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level;

[0009] The microwave emitting device emits microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information;

[0010] The idler light and the probe light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the probe light to obtain microwave information.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the introduction of idler light and probe light with entangled characteristics can effectively reduce the quantum noise of the probe light and improve the microwave measurement sensitivity. The propagation mode of the probe light and idler light in the atomic gas chamber and the differential detection after passing through the atomic gas chamber can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams of light, and realize Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light. The present invention can greatly improve the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

[0014] Furthermore, the reflector assembly includes a first reflector and a second reflector, the first reflector and the second reflector are both arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber, and the dichroic mirror is arranged on the other side of the atomic gas chamber; the atomic gas chamber is a cylindrical structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber, specifically:

[0016] The first reflector reflects the idler light into the atomic gas cell at a set angle to the axis of the atomic gas cell, and the second reflector reflects the probe light coaxially with the atomic gas cell into the atomic gas cell.

[0017] Furthermore, the detection device includes a first detector, a second detector and a subtractor;

[0018] The idler light and the probe light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then pass through the dichroic mirror to enter the detection device respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the probe light to obtain microwave information, specifically:

[0019] The first detector collects the idler light and transmits the idler light to the subtractor, and the second detector collects the detection light and transmits the detection light to the subtractor;

[0020] The subtractor performs a difference operation based on the signals of the idler light and the detection light, and filters out noise information according to the difference result, thereby obtaining microwave information.

[0021] Furthermore, the microwave transmitting device includes a microwave transmitter and an antenna horn, wherein the antenna horn is arranged between the microwave transmitter and the atomic gas chamber; the microwave transmitter generates microwaves carrying microwave information; and the antenna horn transmits the microwaves sent by the microwave transmitter into the atomic gas chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the Rydberg atom microwave detection system further includes a coupled light transmitter, which generates coupled light and transmits the coupled light to the dichroic mirror.

[0023] Furthermore, the Rydberg atom is a rubidium atom or a cesium atom.

[0024] Another technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problem is as follows: a Rydberg atom microwave detection method based on entangled light noise reduction, comprising the following steps:

[0025] generating two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information;

[0026] reflecting the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber;

[0027] Reflecting coupling light into the atomic gas cell, wherein the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a first Rydberg energy level;

[0028] emitting microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information;

[0029] The idler light and the probe light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the probe light to obtain microwave information.

[0030] Furthermore, the energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a Rydberg atom microwave detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the working energy levels of a Rydberg atom microwave detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 One of the schematic diagrams of the principle of generating entangled light provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the principle of generating entangled light provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings, the names of the components represented by the various symbols are as follows:

[0036] 1. Microwave transmitter; 2. Antenna horn; 3. Entangled light source generator; 4. Idle light; 5. Probe light; 6. First reflector; 7. Second reflector; 8. Atomic gas chamber; 9. Coupling light; 10. Dichroic mirror; 11. First detector; 12. Second detector; 13. Subtractor; 14. Coupled light transmitter; 15. Microwave; 200. Reflector assembly; 300. Microwave transmitter; 400. Probe device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" in the present application is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0039] Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0040] At the same time, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner to facilitate understanding.

[0041] The present invention addresses the problem of high-sensitivity detection of Rydberg atoms and proposes a method of using entangled light for microwave detection of Rydberg atoms.

[0042] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a Rydberg atom microwave detection system based on entangled light noise reduction, comprising an entangled light source generating device 3, a reflector assembly 200, an atomic gas chamber 8, a dichroic mirror 10, a microwave transmitting device 300 and a detection device 400;

[0043] The entangled light source generating device 3 generates two beams of idler light 4 and probe light 5 with entangled characteristics, and emits the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 to the reflector assembly 20, wherein the probe light 5 is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light 4 is used to carry noise information.

[0044] The Rydberg atom may be a rubidium atom or a cesium atom.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the Rydberg atom takes the rubidium atom as an example, that is, the detection light 5 generated by the entangled light source generating device 3 acts between the ground state and the excited state, and its function is to excite the rubidium atom to the excited state, that is, the electrons in the ground state are pumped to the excited state.

[0046] The energy level of the detection light 5 matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, while the energy level of the idler light 4 does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state.

[0047] It should be understood that the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 are two entangled light beams. Entangled light generally refers to photons in a quantum entangled state. In quantum mechanics, entanglement is a very special physical phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more particles are interconnected in a way that is independent of the distance between them. This means that measuring one particle will instantly affect the state of the other entangled particles, regardless of the distance between them.

[0048] Entangled photons can be generated in a variety of ways, for example, through four-wave mixing (FWM).

[0049] The generation of quantum light sources is based on the four-wave mixing process of cesium atoms. The probe and pump light fields are injected simultaneously into the hot atomic ensemble at a specific angle. Under certain phase matching conditions, twin conjugate light fields are generated, and the probe light field is amplified. The generated probe and conjugate light exhibit quantum correlation properties.

[0050] The generation and detection of specific quantum light sources are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. Figure 3 The light source and atom pool of the quantum light source system are shown, which are used to generate quantum correlation beams; Figure 4 The quantum light source detection part is shown, which is used to detect the entanglement characteristics and intensity difference noise characteristics.

[0051] Light from a semiconductor laser is split into two beams using a half-wave plate and a polarization beam splitter. One beam passes through an electro-optical modulator (EOM) to produce positive and negative optical sidebands. The sidebands have a frequency offset of ±9.2 GHz relative to the main frequency. The EOM is driven by a 34 dBm RF signal. The EOM has a tuning range of ±50 MHz centered at 9.2 GHz. The modulated beam passes through three temperature-controlled etalons to filter out the -9.2 GHz optical sideband. The resulting probe light power is sufficient to meet experimental requirements. A vertically polarized pump beam and a horizontally polarized probe beam are then coupled through a polarization beam splitter and intersect at a shallow angle at the center of a cesium vapor cell. The cell temperature is maintained at 109.0 ± 0.1°C by a heating device. Both ends of the cell are coated with an 894 nm anti-reflection coating with a single-side transmittance of ≥98%. The pump and probe beams intersect at the center of the cell. During four-wave mixing, the probe light is amplified, generating a conjugate beam with a frequency blueshift of 9.2 GHz relative to the pump light. The detection part is divided into two categories: one is intensity difference detection, and the other is balanced zero-beat detection. During intensity difference detection, the generated conjugate light and probe light are respectively injected into two low-noise detectors. The two measured photocurrents are connected to a spectrometer after passing through a subtractor, thereby obtaining the intensity difference noise of the probe light and the conjugate light. During entanglement detection, the power of the local oscillator light is on the order of several hundred microwatts, and the signal light is in a state of spontaneous radiation. The signal light and the local oscillator light are superimposed using a beam splitter and then incident on a low-noise detector. The two measured photocurrents are connected to a spectrometer after passing through a subtractor, thereby extracting the orthogonal amplitude and orthogonal phase information of the signal light through the local oscillator light. The criterion for judging whether the signal light and the local oscillator light overlap is to observe the interference contrast close to 100% using an oscilloscope.

[0052] The working environment for generating entangled light requires that the ambient temperature be maintained at around 26 degrees Celsius and the humidity be maintained at around 30.2% RH.

[0053] Next, the reflector assembly 200 reflects the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 non-coaxially into the atomic gas cell 8 .

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the reflector assembly 200 includes a first reflector 6 and a second reflector 7, the first reflector 6 and the second reflector 7 are both arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber 8, and the dichroic mirror 10 is arranged on the other side of the atomic gas chamber 8; the atomic gas chamber 8 is a cylindrical structure.

[0055] The reflector assembly reflects the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber 8, specifically:

[0056] The first reflector 6 reflects the idler light 4 into the atomic gas cell 8 at a set angle with respect to the axis of the atomic gas cell 8 , and the second reflector 7 reflects the detection light 5 coaxially with the atomic gas cell 8 into the atomic gas cell 8 .

[0057] It should be noted that the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 must meet the condition of non-coaxial transmission, that is, they cannot be parallel in the atomic gas cell.

[0058] The Rydberg atom microwave detection system further includes a coupling light transmitter 14 , which generates coupling light 9 and transmits the coupling light 9 to the dichroic mirror 10 .

[0059] At the same time, the dichroic mirror 10 reflects the coupling light 9 into the atomic gas chamber 8. The coupling light 9 coincides with the detection light 5 and propagates in opposite directions. The coupling light 9 is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the excited state to the Rydberg first energy level.

[0060] It should be understood that if Figure 2 As shown, the energy level of the coupling light 9 matches the energy difference between the Rydberg first energy level and the Rydberg second energy level of the Rydberg atom. The coupling light 9 acts between the excited state and the Rydberg first energy level, and its function is to excite the Rydberg atom (rubidium atom) from the excited state to the Rydberg state, that is, the electrons in the excited state are pumped to the Rydberg first energy level.

[0061] At the same time, the microwave emitting device 30 emits microwaves 15 carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber 8, and the microwaves 15 are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level; therefore, the detection light 5, the coupling light 9, and the microwaves 15 act together in the Rydberg atoms (rubidium atoms), so that the detection light 5 carries the microwave information, and then passes through the detector 12 to realize microwave detection.

[0062] After passing through the atomic gas chamber 8, the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 respectively enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror 10. The detection device differentially detects the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 to obtain microwave information. This can achieve entangled light denoising and reduce optical noise.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the introduction of idler light 4 and probe light 5 with entangled characteristics can effectively reduce the quantum noise of the probe light 5 and improve the microwave measurement sensitivity. The propagation mode of the probe light 5 and the idler light 4 in the atomic gas chamber 8 and the differential detection after passing through the atomic gas chamber 8 can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams of light, thereby realizing Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light. The present invention can greatly improve the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the detection device 400 includes a first detector 11, a second detector 12 and a subtractor 13;

[0065] The idler light 4 and the probe light 5 pass through the atomic gas chamber 8 and then pass through the dichroic mirror 10 to enter the detection device respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light 4 and the probe light 5 to obtain microwave information, specifically:

[0066] The first detector collects the idler light 4 and transmits the idler light 4 to the subtractor 13, and the second detector collects the detection light 5 and transmits the detection light 5 to the subtractor 13;

[0067] The subtractor 13 performs a difference operation based on the signals of the idler light 4 and the detection light 5 , and filters out noise information according to the difference result, thereby obtaining microwave information.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the propagation method of the probe light 5 and the idler light 4 in the atomic gas chamber 8 and the differential detection after passing through the atoms can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams and realize Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the microwave emitting device 300 includes a microwave emitter 1 and an antenna horn 2, and the antenna horn 2 is arranged between the microwave emitter 1 and the atomic gas chamber 8; the microwave emitter 1 generates microwaves 15 carrying microwave information; the antenna horn 2 emits the microwaves sent by the microwave emitter 1 into the atomic gas chamber 8.

[0070] In the above embodiment, the microwaves can be accurately transmitted into the atomic gas chamber 8 through the antenna horn 2 .

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a Rydberg atom microwave detection method based on entangled light noise reduction, comprising the following steps:

[0072] generating two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information;

[0073] Reflecting the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas cell; reflecting coupled light into the atomic gas cell, wherein the coupled light and the probe light overlap and propagate in opposite directions, wherein the coupled light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level; emitting microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas cell, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the probe light carries the microwave information;

[0074] The idler light and the probe light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the probe light to obtain microwave information.

[0075] Preferably, the energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, and the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

[0076] The advantages of the present invention are mainly reflected in:

[0077] First, the present invention proposes a method of using entangled light for Rydberg atom microwave detection, which can effectively reduce the quantum noise of the detection light and improve the microwave measurement sensitivity;

[0078] Secondly, the proposed method for propagating the probe light and idler light in the atomic gas chamber and the differential detection after passing through the atoms can effectively avoid the loss of the entanglement characteristics of the two beams, realizing Rydberg atom microwave detection based on entangled light.

[0079] Finally, this invention can significantly enhance the sensitivity of Rydberg atom microwave detection, surpassing existing classical detection methods and achieving a breakthrough in the standard quantum limit. It has potential applications in electronic detection, electronic countermeasures, radar imaging, and other areas.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0082] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used, such as combining or integrating multiple units or components into another system, or ignoring or not implementing certain features.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Rydberg atom microwave detection system based on entangled light noise reduction, characterized in that: It includes an entangled light source generating device, a reflector assembly, an atomic gas chamber, a dichroic mirror, a microwave transmitting device and a detection device; The entangled light source generating device generates two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, and transmits the idler light and the probe light to the reflector assembly, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information; The reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber; The dichroic mirror reflects the coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a Rydberg first energy level; The microwave emitting device emits microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information; The idler light and the probe light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then enter the detection device through the dichroic mirror. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the probe light to obtain microwave information.

2. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

3. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector assembly includes a first reflector and a second reflector. The first reflector and the second reflector are both arranged on one side of the atomic gas chamber, and the dichroic mirror is arranged on the other side of the atomic gas chamber. The atomic gas chamber is a cylindrical structure.

4. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflector assembly reflects the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber, specifically: The first reflector reflects the idler light into the atomic gas cell at a set angle to the axis of the atomic gas cell, and the second reflector reflects the probe light coaxially with the atomic gas cell into the atomic gas cell.

5. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes a first detector, a second detector and a subtractor; The idler light and the probe light pass through the atomic gas chamber and then pass through the dichroic mirror to enter the detection device respectively. The detection device performs differential detection on the idler light and the probe light to obtain microwave information, specifically: The first detector collects the idler light and transmits the idler light to the subtractor, and the second detector collects the detection light and transmits the detection light to the subtractor; The subtractor performs a difference operation based on the signals of the idler light and the detection light, and filters out noise information according to the difference result, thereby obtaining microwave information.

6. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave emitting device includes a microwave emitter and an antenna horn, wherein the antenna horn is arranged between the microwave emitter and the atomic gas chamber; the microwave emitter generates microwaves carrying microwave information; and the antenna horn emits the microwaves sent by the microwave emitter into the atomic gas chamber.

7. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Rydberg atom microwave detection system further includes a coupled light transmitter, which generates coupled light and transmits the coupled light to the dichroic mirror.

8. The Rydberg atom microwave detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The Rydberg atom is a rubidium atom or a cesium atom.

9. A Rydberg atom microwave detection method based on entangled light noise reduction, characterized in that: The steps include: generating two beams of entangled idler light and probe light, wherein the probe light is used to act on the Rydberg atoms to excite the Rydberg atoms from the ground state to the excited state, and the idler light is used to carry noise information; reflecting the idler light and the probe light non-coaxially into the atomic gas chamber; Reflecting coupling light into the atomic gas cell, wherein the coupling light coincides with the detection light and propagates in opposite directions, wherein the coupling light is used to excite the Rydberg atoms from an excited state to a first Rydberg energy level; emitting microwaves carrying microwave information into the atomic gas chamber, wherein the microwaves are used to excite the Rydberg atoms from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level, so that the detection light carries the microwave information; The idler light and the probe light respectively enter the detection device after passing through the atomic gas chamber. The detection device filters out the noise information from the idler light and the probe light, thereby obtaining the detected microwave information.

10. The Rydberg atom microwave detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The energy level of the detection light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state, the energy level of the idler light does not match the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the ground state to the excited state; the energy level of the coupling light matches the energy level difference of the Rydberg atom from the Rydberg first energy level to the Rydberg second energy level.

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