A preparation method of a flame-retardant adhesive film, the flame-retardant adhesive film, and a use method of the flame-retardant adhesive film

Abstract

The application discloses the technical field of photovoltaic packaging, and relates to a preparation method of a flame-retardant adhesive film, the flame-retardant adhesive film and a use method of the flame-retardant adhesive film. A grafting polymer adhesive film is obtained by grafting polyolefin elastomer and polyphosphazene through a free radical polymerization reaction, and the adhesive film has the advantages of low lamination temperature and flame retardation when being used for packaging of a perovskite photovoltaic cell. The lamination temperature can be as low as 75-90 DEG C, and the long-term working stability of the device can be greatly improved when the perovskite photovoltaic device is packaged by using the flame-retardant adhesive film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic packaging technology, specifically to a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film, the flame-retardant adhesive film itself, and a method for using the flame-retardant adhesive film. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskite materials possess characteristics such as tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, long carrier lifetime, and high mobility, enabling perovskite solar cells to exhibit excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains a major challenge to their commercial viability. The stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is affected by external environmental factors such as water, oxygen, light, and heat, as well as internal material composition and lattice defects. These factors lead to performance degradation and device decomposition through different mechanisms. Therefore, improving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is crucial before large-scale commercialization. Encapsulation technology can effectively reduce the impact of external factors on the stability of perovskite solar cells. Considering compatibility with existing industrial encapsulation equipment and technologies, the application of encapsulating film materials remains the preferred choice. However, it is generally believed in the industry that traditional POE encapsulating films are not suitable for perovskite-related optoelectronic devices, primarily because the high temperatures (>130 °C) typically required for hot pressing can cause irreversible damage to the device. In addition, POE is a non-polar material, and its additive compatibility, flowability, adhesion and aging resistance need to be further improved in order to increase the yield of laminated products and adapt to more stringent actual application environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film, the flame-retardant adhesive film itself, and a method for using the flame-retardant adhesive film. The flame-retardant adhesive film used for encapsulating perovskite photovoltaic cells has the advantages of low lamination temperature and flame retardancy, and can significantly improve the long-term working stability of perovskite photovoltaic devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant adhesive film, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Polyphosphazene was completely dissolved in an organic solvent, and sodium alkoxide containing unsaturated groups was added to react with it to obtain polyphosphazene PPZ with unsaturated side chains; the chemical structural formula of the polyphosphazene PPZ is as follows:

[0007]

[0008] Wherein, R is selected from one of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl and phenyl, and n is 30-1000;

[0009] The initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles and polyphosphononitrile PPZ are mixed evenly and reacted to obtain a mixture, which is then processed into POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles.

[0010] The POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles are extruded to obtain a flame-retardant film.

[0011] Furthermore, the sodium alkoxide containing unsaturated groups is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxyethyl acrylate, sodium hydroxybutyl acrylate, and sodium hydroxypropyl acrylate.

[0012] And / or, the polyolefin elastomer POE particles are selected from at least one of ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, and ethylene-octene copolymer.

[0013] Furthermore, the initiator is selected from at least one of benzoyl peroxide (BPO), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN).

[0014] And / or, the organic solvent is selected from one of tetrahydrofuran, acetone, dimethyl carbonate, and dioxane.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the added polydichlorophosphazene and sodium alkoxide containing unsaturated groups is 1:1.2 to 1:2.5;

[0016] And / or, the initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles and polyphosphononitrile are added in a mass ratio of 5:1 to 20:1;

[0017] And / or, the grafting rate of the POE and PPZ grafts is 5% to 33%.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of uniformly mixing the initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles, and polyphosphononitrile for reaction includes placing the initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles, and polyphosphononitrile in a three-dimensional motion mixer and mixing for 30-60 minutes, followed by allowing the mixture to stand for 10-48 hours to react.

[0019] Furthermore, the process of processing the mixture into POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles includes sequentially extruding, cooling, air drying, and cutting the mixture to obtain POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles.

[0020] The equipment used in the extrusion process includes a co-rotating twin-screw granulator with an extrusion temperature of 120-150 ℃ and a screw speed of 120-160 r / min.

[0021] Furthermore, the POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles are extruded to obtain a flame-retardant film, wherein the equipment used for the extrusion process includes a single-screw extruder and the extrusion temperature is 80-120 ℃.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention provides a flame-retardant adhesive film prepared by a manufacturing method of the flame-retardant adhesive film, wherein the lamination temperature of the flame-retardant adhesive film does not exceed 90 °C.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for using a flame-retardant adhesive film, wherein the flame-retardant adhesive film is the flame-retardant adhesive film provided by the present invention, or a flame-retardant adhesive film prepared by the method for preparing the flame-retardant adhesive film provided by the present invention. The method of use includes the following steps: obtaining the flame-retardant adhesive film, cutting it and laying it on a pre-prepared perovskite solar cell, then covering it with a glass cover plate, assembling it, and then placing it in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation.

[0024] Furthermore, the pressure of the hot-press encapsulation is 200-800 mTorr, the temperature is 75-90 ℃, and the hot-pressing time is 5-35 minutes.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0026] The present invention provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant film, the flame-retardant film itself, and a method for using the flame-retardant film. By grafting polyolefin elastomer (POE) with polyphosphonic acid (PPZ) through a free radical polymerization reaction, a POE-PPZ grafted polymer film is obtained. This film has the advantages of low lamination temperature and flame retardancy when used for encapsulating perovskite photovoltaic cells. The lamination temperature can be as low as 75-90℃. Furthermore, using the POE-PPZ flame-retardant film provided by the present invention to encapsulate perovskite photovoltaic devices can significantly improve the long-term operational stability of the devices. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mechanism of POE grafting modification in the preparation of the flame-retardant film provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a test diagram of the long-term operational stability of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments of this invention, all conditions were performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained through conventional technical means or commercially available.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film and its application method.

[0033] A) Fabrication of perovskite solar cells

[0034] The conductive glass substrate was ultrasonically cleaned sequentially in deionized water, acetone, and ethanol solutions, dried with nitrogen, and then treated in a UV ozone cleaner for 15 min. A SnO2 nanocolloid solution was spin-coated onto the ITO glass surface and annealed at 150 °C for 45 min to obtain the SnO2 electron transport layer. Equimolar amounts of FAI and PbI2 were dissolved in DMSO to form a 1.4 mol / L perovskite precursor solution. This solution was spin-coated onto the substrate at 3000 r / min for 30 s using a spin coater. At the 15-second mark, 90 μL of chlorobenzene was dropped onto the center of the perovskite substrate. After spin-coating, the ITO glass was annealed at 160 °C for 15 min to obtain the perovskite light-absorbing layer. A chlorobenzene solution doped with Li-TFSI, TBP, and FK2O9Co(III)-TFSI (Spiro-OMeTAD) was spin-coated onto the perovskite substrate to form a hole transport layer. After spin coating is completed, the substrate is placed in an evaporation equipment to deposit a 70 nm thick gold film, which serves as the back electrode of the solar cell.

[0035] B) Preparation of POE-PPZ flame-retardant film

[0036] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 5.19 g of polydichlorophosphazene was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, followed by the addition of 12.42 g (0.09 mol) of sodium hydroxyethyl acrylate. The mixture was refluxed at 65 °C for 48 h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and the product was poured into 150 ml of petroleum ether for precipitation and washing. Finally, it was vacuum dried to obtain polyhydroxyethyl acrylate-based phosphazene with unsaturated side chains. Appropriate amounts of BPO, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate-based phosphazene, and POE granules were weighed according to the formula and mixed in a three-dimensional motion mixer for 30 min. After homogeneous mixing, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The granulator was started and preheated for two hours. The mixture was then fed into a co-rotating twin-screw granulator and extruded into "strip"-shaped resin. After the product was cooled in a water bath and dried by a blower, it was cut into POE-PPZ grafted polymer granules using a cutter. The extrusion temperature was 120 °C, and the screw speed was 120 r / min. Start the single-screw extruder and preheat for 1.5 hours. After drying the obtained POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles, place them in the screw extruder to obtain POE-PPZ film. The extrusion temperature is 95 ℃. Then, wind and package the film for later use.

[0037] C) Use of POE-PPZ flame retardant film

[0038] The POE-PPZ encapsulant film was cut to the size of the conductive glass substrate and laid on the prepared perovskite solar cell, followed by a glass cover plate. The entire device was then placed in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation at a pressure of 300 mTorr and a temperature of 90 °C for 25 minutes. After cooling, the perovskite solar cell encapsulated with the POE-PPZ encapsulant film was obtained.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mechanism of POE grafting modification in the embodiments.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film and its application method.

[0042] A) Fabrication of perovskite solar cells

[0043] The conductive glass substrate was sequentially ultrasonically cleaned in deionized water, acetone, and ethanol solutions, dried with nitrogen, and then treated in a UV ozone cleaner for 20 min. A SnO2 nanocolloid solution was spin-coated onto the ITO glass surface and annealed at 180 °C for 30 min to obtain the SnO2 electron transport layer. Equimolar amounts of MAI and PbI2 were dissolved in DMSO to form a 1.5 mol / L perovskite precursor solution. This solution was spin-coated onto the substrate at 4000 r / min for 30 s using a spin coater. At the 20th second, 110 μL of chlorobenzene was dropped onto the center of the perovskite substrate. After spin-coating, the ITO glass was annealed at 160 °C for 15 min to obtain the perovskite light-absorbing layer. A chlorobenzene solution doped with Li-TFSI, TBP, and FK2O9Co(III)-TFSI (Spiro-OMeTAD) was spin-coated onto the perovskite substrate to form a hole transport layer. After spin coating is completed, the substrate is placed in an evaporation equipment to deposit a 70 nm thick gold film, which serves as the back electrode of the solar cell.

[0044] B) Preparation of POE-PPZ flame-retardant film

[0045] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 5.19 g of polydichlorophosphazene was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, followed by the addition of 14.94 g (0.09 mol) of sodium hydroxybutyl acrylate. The mixture was refluxed at 65 °C for 48 h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and the product was poured into 150 ml of petroleum ether for precipitation and washing. Finally, it was vacuum dried to obtain polyhydroxybutyl acrylate-based phosphazene with unsaturated side chains. Appropriate amounts of BPO, polyhydroxybutyl acrylate-based phosphazene, and POE granules were weighed according to the formula and mixed in a three-dimensional motion mixer for 45 min. After homogeneous mixing, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The granulator was started and preheated for two hours. The mixture was then fed into a co-rotating twin-screw granulator and extruded into "strip"-shaped resin. After the product was cooled in a water bath and dried by a blower, it was cut into POE-PPZ grafted polymer granules using a cutter. The extrusion temperature was 125 °C, and the screw speed was 150 r / min. Start the single-screw extruder and preheat for 1.5 hours. After drying the obtained POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles, place them in the screw extruder to obtain POE-PPZ film. The extrusion temperature is 105 ℃. Then, wind and package the film for later use.

[0046] C) Use of POE-PPZ flame retardant film

[0047] The POE-PPZ encapsulant film was cut to the size of the conductive glass substrate and laid on the prepared perovskite solar cell, followed by a glass cover plate. The entire device was then placed in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation at a pressure of 320 mTorr and a temperature of 85 ℃ for 20 minutes. After cooling, the perovskite solar cell encapsulated with the POE-PPZ encapsulant film was obtained.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film and its application method.

[0050] A) Fabrication of perovskite solar cells

[0051] The conductive glass substrate was ultrasonically cleaned sequentially in deionized water, acetone, and ethanol solutions, dried with nitrogen, and then treated in a UV ozone cleaner for 25 min. SnO2 nanocolloid solution was spin-coated onto the ITO glass surface and annealed at 150 °C for 60 min to obtain the SnO2 electron transport layer. FAPbI3 was dissolved in a mixed solution of DMSO and DMF (DMSO to DMF volume ratio 1:4) to form a homogeneous solution with a concentration of 1.0 mol / L. This solution was spin-coated onto the substrate at 1000 r / min for 10 s using a spin coater, followed by rotation at 4500 r / min for 30 s. At the 20th second, 100 μL of chlorobenzene was dropped into the center of the perovskite substrate. After the spin-coating was completed, the ITO glass was annealed at 150 °C for 30 min to obtain the perovskite light-absorbing layer. A chlorobenzene solution of Spiro-OMeTAD doped with Li-TFSI, TBP, and FK2O9Co(III)-TFSI was spin-coated onto a perovskite substrate to form a hole transport layer. After spin-coating, the substrate was placed in a magnetron sputtering apparatus, and an 80 nm silver film was vacuum sputtered as the back electrode.

[0052] B) Preparation of POE-PPZ flame-retardant film

[0053] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 5.19 g of polydichlorophosphazene was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, followed by the addition of 13.52 g (0.09 mol) of sodium hydroxypropyl acrylate. The mixture was refluxed at 65 °C for 48 h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and the product was poured into 150 ml of petroleum ether for precipitation and washing. Finally, it was vacuum dried to obtain polyhydroxypropyl phosphazene polyacrylate with unsaturated side chains. Appropriate amounts of BPO, polyhydroxypropyl phosphazene polyacrylate, and POE granules were weighed according to the formula and mixed in a three-dimensional motion mixer for 50 min. After homogeneous mixing, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The granulator was started and preheated for two hours. The mixture was then fed into a co-rotating twin-screw granulator and extruded into "strip"-shaped resin. After the product was cooled in a water bath and dried by a blower, it was cut into POE-PPZ grafted polymer granules using a cutter. The extrusion temperature was 145 °C, and the screw speed was 150 r / min. Start the single-screw extruder and preheat for 1.5 hours. After drying the obtained POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles, place them in the screw extruder to obtain POE-PPZ film. The extrusion temperature is 102 ℃. Then, wind and package the film for later use.

[0054] C) Use of POE-PPZ flame retardant film

[0055] The POE-PPZ encapsulant film was cut to the size of the conductive glass substrate and laid on the prepared perovskite solar cell, followed by a glass cover plate. The entire device was then placed in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation at a pressure of 350 mTorr and a temperature of 85 ℃ for 15 minutes. After cooling, the perovskite solar cell encapsulated with the POE-PPZ encapsulant film was obtained.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film and its application method.

[0058] A) Fabrication of perovskite solar cells

[0059] The conductive glass substrate was sequentially ultrasonically cleaned in deionized water, acetone, and ethanol solutions, dried with nitrogen, and then treated in a UV ozone cleaner for 30 min. A SnO2 nanocolloid solution was spin-coated onto the ITO glass surface and annealed at 180 °C for 40 min to obtain the SnO2 electron transport layer. Next, FAPbI3 was dissolved in sulfolane to form a homogeneous solution with a concentration of 1.3 mol / L, and spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. The spin coater speed was set to 3500 r / min. After 30 seconds, 80 μl of ethyl acetate was dropped onto the center of the perovskite substrate. Spin-coating continued at 4000 r / min for 20 seconds, and the ITO glass was annealed at 150 °C for 15 min. A chlorobenzene solution of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) doped with LiTFSI, TBP, and FK209Co(III)-TFSI was spin-coated onto the perovskite substrate as a hole transport layer. After spin coating, the substrate is placed in a magnetron sputtering apparatus and an 80 nm silver film is vacuum sputtered as the back electrode.

[0060] B) Preparation of POE-PPZ flame-retardant film

[0061] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 5.19 g of polydichlorophosphazene was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, followed by the addition of 14.94 g (0.09 mol) of sodium hydroxybutyl acrylate. The mixture was refluxed at 65 °C for 48 h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and the product was poured into 150 ml of petroleum ether for precipitation and washing. Finally, it was vacuum dried to obtain polyhydroxybutyl acrylate-based phosphazene with unsaturated side chains. Appropriate amounts of AIBN, polyhydroxybutyl acrylate-based phosphazene, and POE granules were weighed according to the formula and mixed in a three-dimensional motion mixer for 55 min. After homogeneous mixing, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The granulator was started and preheated for two hours. The mixture was then fed into a co-rotating twin-screw granulator and extruded into "strip"-shaped resin. After the product was cooled in a water bath and dried by a blower, it was cut into POE-PPZ grafted polymer granules using a cutter. The extrusion temperature was 125 °C, and the screw speed was 160 r / min. Start the single-screw extruder and preheat for 1.5 hours. After drying the obtained POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles, place them in the screw extruder to obtain POE-PPZ film. The extrusion temperature is 105 ℃. Then, wind and package the film for later use.

[0062] C) Use of POE-PPZ flame retardant film

[0063] The POE-PPZ encapsulant film was cut to the size of the conductive glass substrate and laid on the prepared perovskite solar cell, followed by a glass cover plate. The entire device was then placed in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation at a pressure of 360 mTorr and a temperature of 75 ℃ for 25 minutes. After cooling, the perovskite solar cell encapsulated with the POE-PPZ encapsulant film was obtained.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant adhesive film and its application method.

[0066] A) Fabrication of perovskite solar cells

[0067] The conductive glass substrate was sequentially ultrasonically cleaned in deionized water, acetone, and ethanol solutions, dried with nitrogen, and then treated in a UV ozone cleaner for 20 min. A SnO2 nanocolloid solution was spin-coated onto the ITO glass surface and annealed at 180 °C for 60 min to obtain the SnO2 electron transport layer. Next, FAI, PbBr2, and CsI were dissolved in an equimolar ratio in a mixed solvent of DMF and DMSO (DFM to DMSO volume ratio 4:1) to form a homogeneous solution with a total molar amount of 1.6 mol / L. This solution was then spin-coated onto the substrate surface using a spin coater. The spin coater was set to 3000 r / min. After 15 seconds, 110 μL of chlorobenzene was dropped onto the center of the perovskite substrate. Spin-coating continued at 3000 r / min for another 15 seconds, and the ITO glass was annealed at 170 °C for 10 min to obtain the perovskite light-absorbing layer. A chlorobenzene solution of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) doped with Li-TFSI, TBP, and FK209Co(III)-TFSI was spin-coated onto a perovskite substrate as a hole transport layer. After spin-coating, the substrate was placed in a magnetron sputtering apparatus, and an 80 nm silver film was vacuum sputtered as the back electrode.

[0068] B) Preparation of POE-PPZ flame-retardant film

[0069] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 5.19 g of polydichlorophosphazene was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran, followed by the addition of 13.52 g (0.09 mol) of sodium hydroxypropyl acrylate. The mixture was refluxed at 65 °C for 48 h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and the product was poured into 150 ml of petroleum ether for precipitation and washing. Finally, it was vacuum dried to obtain polyhydroxypropyl phosphazene polyacrylate with unsaturated side chains. Appropriate amounts of DTBP, polyhydroxypropyl phosphazene polyacrylate, and POE granules were weighed according to the formula and mixed in a three-dimensional motion mixer for 50 min. After homogeneous mixing, the mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h. The granulator was started and preheated for two hours. The mixture was then fed into a co-rotating twin-screw granulator and extruded into "strip"-shaped resin. After the product was cooled in a water bath and dried by a blower, it was cut into POE-PPZ grafted polymer granules using a cutter. The extrusion temperature was 135 °C, and the screw speed was 125 r / min. Start the single-screw extruder and preheat for 1.5 hours. After drying the obtained POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles, place them in the screw extruder to obtain POE-PPZ film. The extrusion temperature is 97 ℃. Then, wind and package the film for later use.

[0070] C) Use of POE-PPZ flame retardant film

[0071] The POE-PPZ encapsulant film was cut to the size of the conductive glass substrate and laid on the prepared perovskite solar cell, followed by a glass cover plate. The entire device was then placed in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation at a pressure of 400 mTorr and a temperature of 85 ℃ for 15 minutes. After cooling, the perovskite solar cell encapsulated with the POE-PPZ encapsulant film was obtained.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] This comparative example provides a perovskite battery without an encapsulated flame-retardant film. The perovskite battery is prepared using the same method as the perovskite battery provided in Example 1, except that the perovskite battery provided in this comparative example is not encapsulated with a flame-retardant film.

[0074] The perovskite solar cells prepared in Examples 1-5 and encapsulated with flame-retardant films were subjected to long-term working stability tests. The test method was as follows: the ambient humidity was controlled at 50%, and the cells were allowed to work continuously for 1000 hours under atmospheric conditions and a standard solar irradiance. The photoelectric conversion efficiency was tested by analog circuits. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1. Normalized efficiency of perovskite solar cells prepared in Examples 1-5 after 1000 hours of operation.

[0076] Normalized efficiency Example 1 87.1% Example 2 88.9% Example 3 89.6% Example 4 86.5% Example 5 90.0%

[0077] Figure 2 The chart shows the long-term operational stability test results of the encapsulated perovskite solar cell provided in Embodiment 1 of this invention, in conjunction with Table 1 and... Figure 2 It can be seen that the perovskite solar cells prepared in Examples 1-5 still maintain a high photoelectric conversion efficiency after being encapsulated with flame-retardant film for 1000 hours, while the unencapsulated device prepared in Comparative Example 1 fails after 24 hours of continuous operation, proving that the flame-retardant film provided by the present invention can significantly improve the long-term working stability of the device.

[0078] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a flame-retardant adhesive film, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Polyphosphazene was completely dissolved in an organic solvent, and sodium alkoxide containing unsaturated groups was added to react with it to obtain polyphosphazene PPZ with unsaturated side chains; the chemical structural formula of the polyphosphazene PPZ is as follows: ； Where n is between 30 and 1000; The initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles and polyphosphononitrile PPZ are mixed evenly and reacted to obtain a mixture, which is then processed into POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles. The POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles are extruded to obtain a flame-retardant film.

2. The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sodium alkoxide containing unsaturated groups is sodium hydroxyethyl acrylate. And / or, the polyolefin elastomer POE particles are selected from at least one of ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, and ethylene-octene copolymer.

3. The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator is selected from at least one of benzoyl peroxide (BPO), di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). And / or, the organic solvent is selected from one of tetrahydrofuran, acetone, dimethyl carbonate, and dioxane.

4. The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the added polydichlorophosphazene and sodium alkoxide containing unsaturated groups is 1:1.2 to 1:2.5; And / or, the initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles and polyphosphononitrile are added in a mass ratio of 5:1 to 20:1; And / or, the grafting rate of the POE and PPZ grafts is 5% to 33%.

5. The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of uniformly mixing the initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles, and polyphosphononitrile for reaction includes placing the initiator, polyolefin elastomer POE particles, and polyphosphononitrile in a three-dimensional motion mixer and mixing for 30-60 min, followed by standing for 10-48 h for reaction.

6. The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of processing the mixture into POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles includes sequentially extruding, cooling, air drying and cutting the mixture to obtain POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles. The equipment used in the extrusion process includes a co-rotating twin-screw granulator with an extrusion temperature of 120-150 ℃ and a screw speed of 120-160 r / min.

7. The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The POE-PPZ grafted polymer particles are extruded to obtain a flame-retardant film. The equipment used for the extrusion process includes a single-screw extruder, and the extrusion temperature is 80-120 ℃.

8. A flame-retardant adhesive film prepared by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The lamination temperature of the flame-retardant adhesive film does not exceed 90 ℃.

9. A method of using a flame-retardant adhesive film, wherein the flame-retardant adhesive film is a flame-retardant adhesive film prepared by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1-7, or a flame-retardant adhesive film as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The flame-retardant film is obtained, cut, and laid on the pre-prepared perovskite solar cell. After being covered with a glass cover plate and assembled, it is placed in a solar module laminator for hot-pressing encapsulation.

10. The method of using the flame-retardant adhesive film according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hot-pressing encapsulation pressure is 200-800 mTorr, the temperature is 75-90 ℃, and the hot-pressing time is 5-35 minutes.

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