Turnout steel rail fracture monitoring system and method, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a turnout steel rail fracture monitoring system and method, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The monitoring system comprises at least one monitoring host, at least one turnout concentrator, at least one sound wave signal transmitting unit and at least one sound wave signal collecting unit. The monitoring host is connected with the sound wave signal transmitting units and the sound wave signal collecting units through the turnout concentrator. The monitoring host is used for sending control signals for controlling the sound wave signal emission units to carry out sound wave signal emission to the sound wave signal emission units and receiving information sent by the sound wave signal acquisition units; and the monitoring host judges whether the turnout steel rail is fractured or has a fracture risk according to the information fed back by the sound wave signal acquisition unit. According to the turnout steel rail fracture monitoring system and method, the electronic equipment and the storage medium, whether the turnout steel rail is fractured or not can be monitored in real time, and driving safety is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electronic information technology, and relates to a rail fracture monitoring system, and in particular to a turnout rail fracture monitoring system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's railway construction has been developing rapidly, with the large-scale promotion of high-speed railways, EMUs, and intercity passenger trains. These lines have high speeds and great impact on turnout components. As the equipment gradually ages and wears, the possibility of rail breakage of turnout components increases further, and the risk factor increases further. The shortcomings of monitoring rail breakage of turnout components on the entire railway, especially high-speed railways, will gradually emerge.

[0003] Generally speaking, rail breakage on railway operating lines seriously threatens driving safety and is one of the major hidden dangers leading to driving accidents. However, there are currently limited means of monitoring rail breakage in turnout assemblies. For track circuits, most parts of turnout assemblies are blind spots. For track inspection vehicles and patrol vehicles, most parts of turnout assemblies cannot be detected, which is also the difficulty of periodic inspection.

[0004] In view of this, there is an urgent need to design a new switch rail monitoring method to overcome at least some of the above-mentioned defects of the existing switch rail monitoring method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a switch rail fracture monitoring system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium, which can monitor in real time whether the switch rail is fractured to ensure driving safety.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] A switch rail fracture monitoring system, the monitoring system comprising: at least one monitoring host, at least one switch concentrator, at least one acoustic wave signal transmitting unit and at least one acoustic wave signal collecting unit;

[0008] The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host is used to send a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal, and receive information sent by each acoustic signal collecting unit;

[0009] The acoustic wave signal transmitting unit and the acoustic wave signal collecting unit are arranged in a set area of ​​the rail. When the rail is not broken, the acoustic wave signal collecting unit can receive the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit, and feed back to the monitoring host information indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit is received; the monitoring host determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking based on the information fed back by the acoustic wave signal collecting unit.

[0010] As an implementation mode of the present invention, the monitoring system further includes a monitoring server, which is connected to each monitoring host, receives data sent by each monitoring host, and manages each monitoring host.

[0011] As an implementation mode of the present invention, the monitoring server includes:

[0012] The data collection module is used to allocate the frequency and amount of data upload to the monitoring host, the switch concentrator, the acoustic signal transmitting unit and the acoustic signal collecting unit according to the number of the monitoring host, the switch concentrator, the acoustic signal transmitting unit and the acoustic signal collecting unit;

[0013] The vibration displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the vibration displacement of the rail. The vibration displacement directly reflects the structural integrity and dynamic behavior of the rail. The vibration displacement is described as follows: Among them: x(t) represents the vibration displacement of the system at time t; A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum distance of the vibration displacement from the equilibrium position, which is related to the initial conditions and external excitation; ome is the angular frequency, which is related to the frequency f, and the specific relationship is ome=2πf; the frequency f reflects the speed of the system vibration and is related to the inherent properties of the system; var is the phase angle, which determines the starting state of the vibration waveform and is closely related to the initial conditions.

[0014] As an implementation mode of the present invention, the monitoring server includes a switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module, and the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module is used to construct a switch rail fracture mathematical model;

[0015] The mathematical model construction module for the turnout rail fracture preprocesses the historical data, extracts features from the preprocessed data, and constructs the mathematical model using the extracted features.

[0016] As an embodiment of the present invention, the historical data includes voltage signal data sensed by a track circuit reader TCR; the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module plots the sensed voltage signal data within a set time into a voltage amplitude envelope curve, extracts mutation points in the voltage amplitude envelope curve as features, and constructs a switch rail fracture mathematical model using the features of the mutation points and the state of whether the rail is broken.

[0017] As an implementation mode of the present invention, the sound wave signal transmitting unit includes a signal preprocessing module, a frequency modulation module and a frequency mapping module;

[0018] The signal preprocessing module is used before modulation. The original signal usually needs to be preprocessed, such as filtering, amplification or digitization, to adapt to the subsequent modulation process;

[0019] The frequency mapping module is used to adjust the corresponding changes of the carrier frequency according to the changes of the modulation signal; when the modulation signal is positive, the carrier frequency increases; when the modulation signal is negative, the carrier frequency decreases; this frequency change carries the information of the original signal;

[0020] The frequency modulation module is used to transmit information by changing the instantaneous frequency of the carrier. The change of the modulation signal will cause the change of the carrier frequency. Assume that the carrier signal is u_c(t)=A_c*cos(2*π*f_c*t); where A_c is the carrier amplitude and f_c is the carrier frequency. The modulation signal is expressed as u_m(t)=A_m*sin(2*π*πf_m*t); where A_m is the amplitude of the modulation signal and f_m is the frequency of the modulation signal. The frequency modulation signal is expressed as: Among them, Δφ(t) is the phase shift caused by the modulation signal, which is proportional to the modulation signal u_m(t); therefore, Wherein, k_f is the frequency modulation sensitivity, which represents the phase change caused by the unit modulation signal amplitude; substituting Δφ(t) into the expression of u(t), we obtain: u(t)=A_c*cos[2*π*f_c*t+k_f*∫u_m(t)dt]; the modulation signal changes the instantaneous frequency of the carrier by changing the instantaneous phase of the carrier.

[0021] As an implementation mode of the present invention, the acoustic wave signal acquisition unit includes a frequency demodulation module; the frequency demodulation module is used to restore the original modulation signal from the modulated signal; the frequency demodulation module includes a frequency discriminator, and the frequency discriminator includes a differential circuit and an envelope detection circuit;

[0022] The differential circuit is used to extract the phase change rate proportional to the modulation signal, that is, the frequency change, from the frequency modulation signal; the envelope detection circuit is used to extract the amplitude information of the modulation signal;

[0023] Assuming that the frequency modulated signal is u(t), the signal obtained after the differential circuit is:

[0024]

[0025] Where Δf(t) is the instantaneous frequency deviation due to the modulation signal;

[0026] After u'(t) passes through the envelope detection circuit, the modulated signal u_m(t) is restored; this process involves signal filtering and amplitude correction.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: a method for monitoring the fracture of a turnout rail, the monitoring method comprising:

[0028] The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host sends a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal;

[0029] The acoustic signal transmitting unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and the acoustic signal transmitting unit transmits a signal under the control of the monitoring host;

[0030] The acoustic signal collection unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and when the rail is not broken, the acoustic signal collection unit can receive a signal transmitted from the corresponding acoustic signal transmitting unit; the acoustic signal collection unit sends a signal to the monitoring host indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic signal transmitting unit is received;

[0031] The monitoring host receives the information sent by each acoustic signal acquisition unit and determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: an electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted: a storage medium stores computer program instructions, and the computer program instructions implement the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the switch rail fracture monitoring system, method, electronic equipment and storage medium proposed in the present invention can monitor in real time whether the switch rail is fractured to ensure driving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the components of a turnout rail fracture monitoring system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a method for monitoring turnout rail fracture in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an electronic device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 The figure is a working principle diagram of the sound wave signal transmitting unit and the sound wave signal collecting unit in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sound wave signal transmitting unit and the sound wave signal collecting unit in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] In order to further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

[0042] The description in this section is only for several typical embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments. The same or similar prior art means and some technical features in the embodiments are mutually replaced within the scope of the present invention.

[0043] The description of the steps in each embodiment in the specification is only for the convenience of explanation, and the implementation method of the present application is not limited by the order of implementation of the steps.

[0044] The term “connection” in the specification includes both direct connection and indirect connection.

[0045] The present invention discloses a turnout rail fracture monitoring system. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of a turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1 The monitoring system includes: at least one monitoring host 1, at least one switch concentrator 2, at least one acoustic signal transmitting unit 3 and at least one acoustic signal collecting unit 4.

[0046] The monitoring host 1 is connected to each sound wave signal transmitting unit 3 and each sound wave signal collecting unit 4 respectively through the switch concentrator 2; the monitoring host 1 is used to send a control signal to each sound wave signal transmitting unit 3 to control it to transmit the sound wave signal, and receive the information sent by each sound wave signal collecting unit 4.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of the sound wave signal transmitting unit and the sound wave signal collecting unit in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sound wave signal transmitting unit and the sound wave signal collecting unit in one embodiment of the present invention; please refer to FIG. Figure 4 , Figure 5The acoustic signal emitting unit 3 and the acoustic signal collecting unit 4 are arranged in a set area of ​​the rail. When the rail is not broken, the acoustic signal collecting unit 4 can receive the signal emitted by the corresponding acoustic signal emitting unit 3, and feed back to the monitoring host 1 information indicating whether the signal emitted by the corresponding acoustic signal emitting unit 3 is received; the monitoring host 1 determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking according to the information fed back by the acoustic signal collecting unit 4. Figure 5 In FIG. 1 , F represents a sound wave signal transmitting unit, and S represents a sound wave signal collecting unit. In one embodiment, the electrical components of the system of the present invention can be powered by solar power, which is easy to install, durable, and can achieve a 24-hour uninterrupted power supply effect.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring system further includes a monitoring server 5, which is connected to each monitoring host 1, receives data sent by each monitoring host 1, and manages each monitoring host 1. The monitoring server 5 may include: a data collection module 51 and a vibration displacement monitoring module 52.

[0049] The data collection module 51 is used to allocate the frequency and data volume of data uploading to the monitoring host 1, the switch concentrator 2, the acoustic signal transmitting unit 3 and the acoustic signal collecting unit 4 according to the number thereof.

[0050] The vibration displacement monitoring module 52 is used to monitor the vibration displacement of the rail. The vibration displacement directly reflects the structural integrity and dynamic behavior of the rail. The vibration displacement is described as follows: Among them: x(t) represents the vibration displacement of the system at time t; A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum distance of the vibration displacement from the equilibrium position, which is related to the initial conditions and external excitation; ome is the angular frequency, which is related to the frequency f, and the specific relationship is ome=2πf; the frequency f reflects the speed of the system vibration, which is related to the inherent properties of the system (such as mass, spring stiffness, etc.); var is the phase angle, which determines the starting state of the vibration waveform and is closely related to the initial conditions.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring server 5 may include a switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module 53, which is used to construct a switch rail fracture mathematical model; the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module 53 preprocesses historical data, extracts features from the preprocessed data, and constructs a mathematical model using the extracted features. After the mathematical model is constructed, historical data that does not participate in the model construction is used for training, and the construction process of the mathematical model is finally completed.

[0052] The risk of rail breakage can be determined by analyzing the characteristics of the signal receiving curve. For example, in railway rail breakage detection, the change law of the voltage signal induced by the track circuit reader TCR (Track Circuit Reader) is used to detect rail breakage. When a rail breaks, a mutation point will appear in the TCR induced voltage amplitude envelope curve. By analyzing these mutation points, it can be determined whether the rail is at risk of breakage.

[0053] In one embodiment, the historical data includes voltage signal data sensed by the track circuit reader TCR; the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module 53 plots the sensed voltage signal data within a set time into a voltage amplitude envelope curve, extracts the mutation point in the voltage amplitude envelope curve as a feature, and constructs a switch rail fracture mathematical model using the features of the mutation point and the state of whether the rail is broken.

[0054] The historical data further includes external environmental data, and the influence of the external environmental data on the change of the voltage amplitude envelope curve is filtered when constructing the mathematical model of the turnout rail fracture. Will the signal reception quality be affected before the fracture: before the rail is about to break, the signal reception quality is likely to be affected. Because the break of the rail will cause the electrical parameters of the track circuit to change, thereby affecting the stability and accuracy of the TCR induced voltage signal. These changes may manifest as fluctuations in the signal reception curve, increased noise or sudden changes, which in turn affect the accurate judgment of the rail state; therefore, in one embodiment, the mathematical model construction module of the turnout rail fracture filters out the influence of the above-mentioned external environmental parameters on the judgment, thereby improving the accuracy of the judgment.

[0055] The sound wave signal transmitting unit 3 may include a signal preprocessing module 31 , a frequency modulation module 32 and a frequency mapping module 33 .

[0056] The signal preprocessing module 31 is used for preprocessing the original signal before modulation, such as filtering, amplification or digitization, to adapt to the subsequent modulation process.

[0057] The frequency mapping module 32 is used to adjust the corresponding change of the carrier frequency according to the change of the modulation signal; when the modulation signal is positive, the carrier frequency increases; when the modulation signal is negative, the carrier frequency decreases; this frequency change carries the information of the original signal.

[0058] The frequency modulation module 33 is used to transmit information by changing the instantaneous frequency of the carrier; the change of the modulation signal will cause the change of the carrier frequency; assuming that the carrier signal is u_c(t)=A_c*cos(2*π*f_c*t); wherein A_c is the carrier amplitude and f_c is the carrier frequency; the modulation signal is expressed as u_m(t)=A_n*sin(2*π*f_m*t); wherein A_m is the amplitude of the modulation signal and f_m is the frequency of the modulation signal; the frequency modulation signal is expressed as: Among them, Δφ(t) is the phase shift caused by the modulation signal, which is proportional to the modulation signal u_m(t); therefore, Wherein, k_f is the frequency modulation sensitivity, which represents the phase change caused by the unit modulation signal amplitude; substituting Δφ(t) into the expression of u(t), we obtain: u(t)=A_c*cos[2*π*f_c*t+k_f*∫u_m(t)dt]; the modulation signal changes the instantaneous frequency of the carrier by changing the instantaneous phase of the carrier.

[0059] The acoustic signal acquisition unit 4 may include a frequency demodulation module 41; the frequency demodulation module 41 is used to restore the original modulated signal from the modulated signal; the frequency demodulation module 41 includes a frequency discriminator, which includes a differential circuit and an envelope detection circuit.

[0060] The differential circuit is used to extract the phase change rate proportional to the modulation signal, that is, the frequency change, from the frequency modulation signal; the envelope detection circuit is used to extract the amplitude information of the modulation signal.

[0061] Assuming that the frequency modulated signal is u(t), the signal obtained after the differential circuit is:

[0062]

[0063] Where Δf(t) is the instantaneous frequency deviation due to the modulation signal;

[0064] After u'(t) passes through the envelope detection circuit, the modulated signal u_m(t) is restored; this process involves signal filtering and amplitude correction.

[0065] The present invention further discloses a method for monitoring turnout rail fracture, the monitoring method comprising:

[0066] [Step S1] The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host sends a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal;

[0067] [Step S2] The acoustic signal transmitting unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and the acoustic signal transmitting unit transmits a signal under the control of the monitoring host;

[0068] [Step S3] The acoustic wave signal collection unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and when the rail is not broken, the acoustic wave signal collection unit can receive a signal transmitted from the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit; the acoustic wave signal collection unit sends a signal to the monitoring host indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit is received;

[0069] [Step S4] The monitoring host receives the information sent by each acoustic signal acquisition unit, and determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to determine whether there is a risk of rail breakage by analyzing the characteristics of the signal receiving curve. For example, in railway rail breakage detection, the change law of the voltage signal induced by the track circuit reader TCR (Track Circuit Reader) is used to detect rail breakage. When a rail breaks, a mutation point will appear in the TCR induced voltage amplitude envelope curve. By analyzing these mutation points, it can be determined whether there is a risk of rail breakage.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present invention, a monitoring server is provided, and the monitoring server may include a switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module, and the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module constructs a switch rail fracture mathematical model; the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module preprocesses historical data, extracts features from the preprocessed data, and constructs a mathematical model using the extracted features. After the mathematical model is constructed, historical data that does not participate in the model construction is used for training, and the construction process of the mathematical model is finally completed.

[0072] The historical data includes voltage signal data sensed by the track circuit reader TCR; the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module plots the sensed voltage signal data within a set time into a voltage amplitude envelope curve, extracts the mutation point in the voltage amplitude envelope curve as a feature, and constructs the switch rail fracture mathematical model using the features of the mutation point and the state of whether the rail is broken.

[0073] The historical data may further include external environmental data, and the influence of the external environmental data on the change of the voltage amplitude envelope curve is filtered when constructing the mathematical model of the turnout rail fracture. Will the signal reception quality be affected before the fracture: Before the rail is about to break, the signal reception quality is likely to be affected. Because the break of the rail will cause the electrical parameters of the track circuit to change, thereby affecting the stability and accuracy of the TCR induced voltage signal. These changes may manifest as fluctuations in the signal reception curve, increased noise or sudden changes, which in turn affect the accurate judgment of the rail state; therefore, in one embodiment, the mathematical model construction module of the turnout rail fracture filters out the influence of the above-mentioned external environmental parameters on the judgment, thereby improving the accuracy of the judgment.

[0074] In one usage scenario of the present invention, data processing and control may be performed through the following process.

[0075] 1. Data collection formula

[0076] The present invention is used in a large rail breaking system, where there are 1 to 32 devices in each interval, and each device uploads 5 bytes of data every 48 seconds. In order to collect all the data in this interval, we need to consider the number of devices, the frequency of data upload by each device, and the amount of data.

[0077] First, define the following variables:

[0078] N: the number of devices in the interval (1≤N≤32)

[0079] Tc: The period for the device to upload data (48 seconds)

[0080] Dd: The amount of data uploaded by each device each time (5 bytes)

[0081] Next, we analyze the conditions for collecting all the data:

[0082] Total data volume: In the T period, the total data volume uploaded by all devices is N*D bytes.

[0083] Collection time: Since each device uploads data every T seconds, no matter how many devices there are, collecting data from all devices only requires waiting for a period T for a device to upload data.

[0084] Therefore, the formula for collecting all data in this interval can be simplified to:

[0085] Total data volume: Total_Data = N*Dd

[0086] Collection time: Collection_Time = Tc

[0087] However, since data is uploaded "irregularly", we need an additional mechanism to ensure that data from all devices is collected within a period of T. This usually involves setting a receiving window with a length of at least T and listening to the uploads of all devices within this window.

[0088] Note: In practical applications, factors such as network delays and device failures need to be considered, which may affect the real-time and integrity of data. Therefore, these factors should be considered when designing the system, and additional error handling and retransmission mechanisms may need to be added.

[0089] 2. Difference judgment formula

[0090] In order to describe the difference judgment logic of the broken rail, we can use a series of logical conditions and mathematical expressions. Here we assume several key variables and parameters:

[0091] FS: Current transmission level

[0092] BD: guaranteed value

[0093] A: Some value related to the emission level (may be historical data or a current calculated value)

[0094] B: Another value related to the emission level (may be historical data or a currently calculated value)

[0095] BC: The number of broken track determinations set by the system

[0096] BD: Broken track difference set by the system

[0097] LA and RA: 20 points (array) obtained in the past 2 to 3 hours for the left and right ranges

[0098] la and ra: A values ​​corresponding to the left and right intervals

[0099] Based on the given logic, the following formulas and conditions can be constructed:

[0100] Based on the above conditions, the complete track breaking judgment logic can be described by the following pseudo code or logical expression:

[0101]

[0102] Here, Slp and Srp are arrays obtained by sorting LA and RA using the bubble sort algorithm. In addition, "continuous satisfaction" in the condition means that the relevant condition must be true in consecutive BD detection cycles. This usually requires setting a counter in the program to track the number of times the condition is continuously satisfied.

[0103] 3. Frequency modulation formula

[0104] Frequency modulation (FM) is a commonly used method. In rail break monitoring systems, frequency modulation may be used to transmit monitoring data or signals.

[0105] In signal transmission and processing, frequency modulation (FM) is a signal modulation technique that maps the amplitude changes of low-frequency information signals to the frequency changes of high-frequency carrier waves during signal transmission. This method is widely used in wireless communications, broadcasting, and rail break monitoring systems. The formula for frequency modulation can be expressed in the form of instantaneous frequency, which reflects how the modulated signal affects the frequency of the carrier wave. The mathematical expression for frequency modulation is:

[0106] UT=Ac*cos[2*π*fc*t+kf*∫m(t)dt]

[0107] in:

[0108] f(t) represents the instantaneous frequency after modulation, which is a function of time and reflects how the carrier frequency changes over time.

[0109] fc is the center frequency of the carrier, that is, the frequency when it is not modulated.

[0110] kf is the maximum frequency deviation, which indicates the maximum frequency variation range caused by the modulation signal.

[0111] m(t) is a normalized modulation signal, and its value usually varies between -1 and 1. In a rail break monitoring system, this signal may represent the status information of the track.

[0112] Signal preprocessing: Before modulation, the original signal usually needs to be preprocessed, such as filtering, amplification or digitization, to adapt to the subsequent modulation process.

[0113] Frequency mapping: Changes in the modulating signal (m(t)) will result in corresponding changes in the carrier frequency. When (m(t)) is positive, the carrier frequency increases; when (m(t)) is negative, the carrier frequency decreases. This frequency change carries the information of the original signal.

[0114] Transmission and reception: The modulated signal is sent to the receiving end through a transmission medium (such as air, cable, etc.). At the receiving end, the original signal can be restored through the corresponding demodulation technology.

[0115] 4. Vibration displacement formula

[0116] In the broken rail monitoring system, the vibration displacement monitoring of the rail is crucial, which directly reflects the structural integrity and dynamic behavior of the rail. For such a system, the vibration displacement is described as follows: Where: x(t) represents the vibration displacement of the system at time t; A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum deviation of the vibration displacement from the equilibrium position, which is related to the initial conditions and external excitation; ome is the angular frequency, which is related to the frequency f, and the specific relationship is ome = 2πf; the frequency f reflects the speed of the system vibration, which is related to the inherent properties of the system (such as mass, spring stiffness, etc.); var is the phase angle, which determines the initial state of the vibration waveform and is closely related to the initial conditions;

[0117] This formula reveals the basic law of mass-spring system vibration. In practical applications, rails can be regarded as a more complex mass-spring system. By continuously monitoring the vibration displacement of the rails and combining the above formula for data analysis, abnormal vibration modes can be effectively identified. These abnormal modes may be early signs of structural damage or fracture risk of the rails. For example, a significant increase in amplitude (A) may mean that the rails are loose or cracked, while changes in frequency (f) may reflect changes in rail stiffness. This formula can be used to analyze and predict the vibration behavior of rails, thereby promptly detecting potential fracture risks.

[0118] 5. Frequency Resonance

[0119] The frequency resonance principle, also known as the resonance principle, is an important concept in physics. It describes the phenomenon that when a system is subjected to external excitation close to its natural frequency, the system will vibrate with a large amplitude. This phenomenon has a wide range of applications in many fields, such as mechanics, electronics, acoustics, etc.

[0120] First, we need to understand the concept of natural frequency; natural frequency is the inherent vibration frequency of the system itself, which depends on the physical properties of the system, such as mass, stiffness and damping; every system has one or more natural frequencies.

[0121] When the frequency of external excitation is close to or equal to the natural frequency of the system, the system will resonate. This is because the energy of external excitation can be effectively transferred to the system, which significantly increases the amplitude of the system.

[0122] In order to better understand the principle of frequency resonance, we can use a mathematical model to describe it. Assuming a simple mass-spring system, its equation of motion can be expressed as:

[0123] md 2 x / dt 2 +cdx / dt+kx=Fcos(ωt)

[0124] Where: m is the mass, c is the damping coefficient, k is the spring stiffness, F is the amplitude of the external excitation, ω is the frequency of the external excitation, and x is the displacement of the system;

[0125] When the frequency ω of the external excitation is close to or equal to the natural frequency ω0 of the system (determined by the system parameters m, c and k), the system will resonate; at this time, the amplitude of the system will increase significantly;

[0126] To find the natural frequency ω0 of the system, we can set the external excitation F to 0 and solve the equation of motion for a particular solution. This will yield the free vibration equation of the system, whose solution is of the form:

[0127]

[0128] Where A and φ are constants determined by the initial conditions; the natural frequency ω0 can be calculated by the following formula:

[0129] ω0=sqrt(k / m)

[0130] When the frequency ω of the external excitation approaches ω0, the amplitude of the system will increase rapidly, resulting in resonance.

[0131] In addition, the damping coefficient c also has an important influence on the resonance phenomenon; when the damping is small, the resonance phenomenon is more obvious; when the damping is large, the resonance phenomenon will be suppressed;

[0132] In practical applications, the frequency resonance principle is widely used in various fields; in electronic engineering, frequency resonance can be used to design efficient filters, oscillators and other circuits; in acoustics, frequency resonance is the basis of musical instrument sound generation and sound propagation.

[0133] 6. Frequency modulation and demodulation

[0134] Frequency Modulation (FM) transmits information by changing the instantaneous frequency of the carrier. Specifically, changes in the modulation signal (information signal) will cause changes in the carrier frequency. Assume that the carrier signal is

[0135] u_c(t)=A_c*cos(2*π*f_c*t);

[0136] Where A_c is the carrier amplitude, f_c is the carrier frequency;

[0137] The modulated signal can be expressed as

[0138] u_m(t)=A_m*sin(2*π*f_m*t);

[0139] Among them, A_m is the amplitude of the modulating signal, f_m is the frequency of the modulating signal;

[0140] The frequency modulated signal can be expressed as:

[0141]

[0142] Among them, Δφ(t) is the phase shift caused by the modulation signal, which is proportional to the modulation signal u_m(t); therefore,

[0143]

[0144] Where k_f is the frequency modulation sensitivity, which represents the phase change caused by the unit modulation signal amplitude;

[0145] Substituting Δφ(t) into the expression for u(t), we obtain:

[0146] u(t)=A_c*cos[2*π*f_c*t+k_f*∫u_m(t)dt];

[0147] This is the mathematical expression of frequency modulation; it shows that the modulating signal changes the instantaneous frequency of the carrier by changing the instantaneous phase of the carrier;

[0148] Frequency demodulation is the process of recovering the original modulated signal from the modulated signal. There are many demodulation methods, one of which is the frequency detection method; the frequency detector is usually composed of a differential circuit and an envelope detection circuit.

[0149] The principle of the frequency detector is based on the relationship between frequency and phase. We know that frequency is the derivative of phase with respect to time. Therefore, through the differential circuit, the phase change rate proportional to the modulated signal, that is, the frequency change, can be extracted from the FM signal; then, through the envelope detection circuit, we can further extract the amplitude information of the modulated signal.

[0150] Specifically, assuming that the frequency modulated signal is u(t), the signal obtained after the differential circuit is:

[0151]

[0152] Where Δf(t) is the instantaneous frequency deviation due to the modulation signal;

[0153] Then, after u'(t) passes through the envelope detection circuit, the modulated signal u_m(t) can be restored; this process involves signal filtering and amplitude correction, and the specific implementation may vary depending on the specific demodulation circuit and system requirements.

[0154] 7. Constant current source application

[0155] The core of the constant current source application algorithm is to ensure the stability of the output current and maintain a constant current output even when the input voltage or load resistance changes.

[0156] Series feedback is a common constant current source design method. Through the series feedback resistor, part of the output current is fed back to the input end and compared with the reference current to adjust the output current; its basic principle can be expressed by the following formula:

[0157]

[0158] Where Iout is the output current, Vref is the reference voltage, Rsense is the current sensing resistor, and Rfeedback is the feedback resistor. By adjusting the value of Rfeedback, the stability of the output current can be controlled.

[0159] The parallel feedback constant current source algorithm connects the feedback resistor in parallel with the output current to adjust the output current. Its working principle can be described by the following formula:

[0160]

[0161] Where Vfeedback is the feedback voltage, which is usually proportional to the output current. By adjusting the parameters of the feedback circuit, the output current can be precisely controlled.

[0162] Current mirror is a constant current source design method based on transistor characteristics. The basic idea is to use two transistors working under the same conditions to make their collector currents equal. The formula for this method is relatively simple:

[0163]

[0164] Among them, Iout is the output current, Iref is the reference current, K1 and K2 are the current amplification factors of the two transistors respectively; by selecting the appropriate transistor type and parameters, high-precision constant current output can be achieved;

[0165] The operational amplifier constant current source algorithm uses the high gain and negative feedback characteristics of the operational amplifier to achieve constant current output. Its basic principle is to convert the output current into a voltage signal, compare it with the reference voltage, and adjust the output current through the operational amplifier to eliminate the error. The formula is as follows:

[0166]

[0167] Among them, Rload is the load resistance; the operational amplifier adjusts its output voltage to make the output current equal to the reference current, thereby achieving constant current output; these constant current source application algorithms have their own characteristics, and the appropriate algorithm can be selected according to specific application requirements and hardware conditions; in practical applications, it is also necessary to consider the impact of factors such as temperature drift and power supply noise on the performance of the constant current source, and take corresponding measures to compensate and optimize.

[0168] The present invention also discloses an electronic device, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention; please refer to FIG. Figure 3 At the hardware level, the electronic device includes a memory, a processor and at least one network interface; the processor may be a microprocessor, and the memory may include a memory, such as a random access memory (RAM), or a non-volatile memory, etc. Of course, the electronic device may also be provided with other hardware as required.

[0169] The processor, network interface and memory may be interconnected via an internal bus, which may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus may include an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The memory is used to store programs (which may include operating system programs and application programs); the program may include program code, which may include computer operation instructions. The memory may include internal memory and non-volatile memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0170] In one embodiment, the processor can read the corresponding program from the non-volatile memory into the memory and then run it; the processor can execute the program stored in the memory and is specifically used to perform the following operations (such as Figure 2 shown):

[0171] [Step S1] The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host sends a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal;

[0172] [Step S2] The acoustic signal transmitting unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and the acoustic signal transmitting unit transmits a signal under the control of the monitoring host;

[0173] [Step S3] The acoustic wave signal collection unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and when the rail is not broken, the acoustic wave signal collection unit can receive a signal transmitted from the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit; the acoustic wave signal collection unit sends a signal to the monitoring host indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit is received;

[0174] [Step S4] The monitoring host receives the information sent by each acoustic signal acquisition unit, and determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking.

[0175] The present invention further discloses a storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps of the method of the present invention (eg Figure 2 shown):

[0176] [Step S1] The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host sends a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal;

[0177] [Step S2] The acoustic signal transmitting unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and the acoustic signal transmitting unit transmits a signal under the control of the monitoring host;

[0178] [Step S3] The acoustic wave signal collection unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and when the rail is not broken, the acoustic wave signal collection unit can receive a signal transmitted from the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit; the acoustic wave signal collection unit sends a signal to the monitoring host indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit is received;

[0179] [Step S4] The monitoring host receives the information sent by each acoustic signal acquisition unit, and determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking.

[0180] In summary, the switch rail fracture monitoring system, method, electronic device and storage medium proposed in the present invention can monitor in real time whether the switch rail is fractured to ensure driving safety.

[0181] It should be noted that the present application can be implemented in software and / or a combination of software and hardware; for example, it can be implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a general-purpose computer, or any other similar hardware device. In some embodiments, the software program of the present application can be executed by a processor to implement the above steps or functions. Similarly, the software program of the present application (including related data structures) can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium; for example, a RAM memory, a magnetic or optical drive or a floppy disk and the like. In addition, some steps or functions of the present application can be implemented in hardware; for example, as a circuit that cooperates with a processor to perform various steps or functions.

[0182] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0183] The description and application of the present invention here are illustrative, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to the above-mentioned embodiments. The effects or advantages involved in the embodiments may not be embodied in the embodiments due to interference from various factors, and the description of the effects or advantages is not used to limit the embodiments. The deformation and change of the embodiments disclosed here are possible, and the replacement of the embodiments and the various equivalent parts are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, and with other components, materials and parts without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Other deformations and changes can be made to the embodiments disclosed here without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turnout rail fracture monitoring system, characterized in that: The monitoring system comprises: at least one monitoring host, at least one switch concentrator, at least one acoustic signal transmitting unit and at least one acoustic signal collecting unit; The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host is used to send a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal, and receive information sent by each acoustic signal collecting unit; The acoustic wave signal transmitting unit and the acoustic wave signal collecting unit are arranged in a set area of ​​the rail. When the rail is not broken, the acoustic wave signal collecting unit can receive the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit, and feed back to the monitoring host information indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic wave signal transmitting unit is received; the monitoring host determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking based on the information fed back by the acoustic wave signal collecting unit.

2. The turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring system further includes a monitoring server, which is connected to each monitoring host, receives data sent by each monitoring host, and manages each monitoring host.

3. The turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring server comprises: The data collection module is used to allocate the frequency and amount of data upload to the monitoring host, the switch concentrator, the acoustic signal transmitting unit and the acoustic signal collecting unit according to the number of the monitoring host, the switch concentrator, the acoustic signal transmitting unit and the acoustic signal collecting unit; The vibration displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the vibration displacement of the rail. The vibration displacement directly reflects the structural integrity and dynamic behavior of the rail. The vibration displacement is described as follows: Among them: x(t) represents the vibration displacement of the system at time t; A is the amplitude, which indicates the maximum distance of the vibration displacement from the equilibrium position, which is related to the initial conditions and external excitation; ome is the angular frequency, which is related to the frequency f, and the specific relationship is ome=2πf; the frequency f reflects the speed of the system vibration and is related to the inherent properties of the system; var is the phase angle, which determines the starting state of the vibration waveform and is closely related to the initial conditions.

4. The turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring server comprises a turnout rail fracture mathematical model construction module, and the turnout rail fracture mathematical model construction module is used to construct a turnout rail fracture mathematical model; The mathematical model construction module for the turnout rail fracture preprocesses the historical data, extracts features from the preprocessed data, and constructs the mathematical model using the extracted features.

5. The turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The historical data includes voltage signal data sensed by the track circuit reader TCR; the switch rail fracture mathematical model construction module plots the sensed voltage signal data within a set time into a voltage amplitude envelope curve, extracts the mutation point in the voltage amplitude envelope curve as a feature, and constructs the switch rail fracture mathematical model using the features of the mutation point and the state of whether the rail is broken.

6. The turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound wave signal transmitting unit includes a signal preprocessing module, a frequency modulation module and a frequency mapping module; The signal preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the original signal before modulation, including filtering and / or amplification and / or digitization, so as to adapt to the subsequent modulation process; The frequency mapping module is used to adjust the corresponding change of the carrier frequency according to the change of the modulation signal; when the modulation signal is positive, the carrier frequency increases; when the modulation signal is negative, the carrier frequency decreases; this frequency change carries the information of the original signal; The frequency modulation module is used to transmit information by changing the instantaneous frequency of the carrier. The change of the modulation signal will cause the change of the carrier frequency. Assume that the carrier signal is u_c(t)=A_c*cos(2*π*f_c*t); where A_c is the carrier amplitude and f_c is the carrier frequency. The modulation signal is expressed as u_m(t)=A _ m*sin(2*π*f_m*t); where A_m is the amplitude of the modulating signal and f_m is the frequency of the modulating signal; the frequency modulated signal is expressed as: Among them, Δφ(t) is the phase shift caused by the modulation signal, which is proportional to the modulation signal u_m(t); therefore, Wherein, k_f is the frequency modulation sensitivity, which represents the phase change caused by the unit modulation signal amplitude; substituting Δφ(t) into the expression of u(t), we obtain: u(t)=A_c*cos[2*π*f_c*t+k_f*∫u_m(t)dt]; the modulation signal changes the instantaneous frequency of the carrier by changing the instantaneous phase of the carrier.

7. The turnout rail fracture monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acoustic signal acquisition unit includes a frequency demodulation module; the frequency demodulation module is used to restore the original modulation signal from the modulated signal; the frequency demodulation module includes a frequency discriminator, and the frequency discriminator includes a differential circuit and an envelope detection circuit; The differential circuit is used to extract the phase change rate proportional to the modulation signal, that is, the frequency change, from the frequency modulation signal; the envelope detection circuit is used to extract the amplitude information of the modulation signal; Assume that the frequency modulated signal is u(t), then the signal obtained after the differential circuit is: Where Δf(t) is the instantaneous frequency deviation due to the modulation signal; After u'(t) passes through the envelope detection circuit, the modulated signal u_m(t) is restored; this process involves signal filtering and amplitude correction.

8. A method for monitoring turnout rail fracture, characterized in that: The monitoring method comprises: The monitoring host is connected to each acoustic signal transmitting unit and each acoustic signal collecting unit through the switch concentrator; the monitoring host sends a control signal to each acoustic signal transmitting unit to control it to transmit the acoustic signal; The acoustic signal transmitting unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and the acoustic signal transmitting unit transmits a signal under the control of the monitoring host; The acoustic signal collection unit is arranged in a set area of ​​the rail, and when the rail is not broken, the acoustic signal collection unit can receive a signal transmitted from the corresponding acoustic signal transmitting unit; the acoustic signal collection unit sends a signal to the monitoring host indicating whether the signal transmitted by the corresponding acoustic signal transmitting unit is received; The monitoring host receives the information sent by each acoustic signal acquisition unit and determines whether the turnout rail is broken or there is a risk of breaking.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to claim 8 are implemented.

10. A storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to claim 8 are implemented.

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