Four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on intelligent driving environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. According to the design, a double-layer array structure is adopted, the size of the antenna is reduced to facilitate installation, and the comprehensive performance of the antenna is enhanced, including gain, radiation direction, isolation, envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain and the like. The antenna generates four communication frequency bands of 3.24 GHz to 3.45 GHz, 4.58 GHz to 4.95 GHz, 5.73 GHz to 6.48 GHz and 7.36 GHz to 8.39 GHz, can be used for n78 (3.3 GHz to 4.2 GHz) and n79 (4.4 GHz to 5 GHz) in 5G, a vehicle wireless automatic identification system (5.725 GHz to 5.85 GHz), V2X (5.905 GHz to 5.925 GHz), Wi-Fi 6G (5.925 GHz to 6.425 GHz), UWB (7.163 GHz to 8.812 GHz) and the like, and provides a solid wireless communication foundation for continuous progress and innovative application of an automatic driving technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and specifically is a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, intelligent networked vehicles have become the future trend of the automotive industry. As the key hub for vehicles to interact with the outside world, the importance of vehicle antennas has become increasingly prominent. In an intelligent driving environment, vehicles need to communicate wirelessly with the surrounding environment, infrastructure, and other vehicles in real time, efficiently, and stably to achieve multiple functions such as autonomous driving, remote monitoring, and entertainment data transmission. Therefore, the technical requirements for vehicle antennas are becoming increasingly higher.

[0003] Traditional vehicle antennas often have a single function and are unable to meet the diversified communication needs of intelligent connected vehicles. Modern intelligent connected vehicle antennas not only need to support traditional communication functions, but also need to integrate emerging technology requirements such as vehicle networking and autonomous driving. Among them, MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, as an advanced wireless communication technology, has become an important development direction for intelligent connected vehicle antennas by utilizing multiple antenna systems to improve data transmission rate and communication quality.

[0004] In an intelligent driving environment, vehicles need to process information from multiple frequency bands and multiple communication protocols, such as 5G, WLAN, UWB, and V2X. The real-time and accuracy of this information is crucial to ensure driving safety and improve the driving experience. Therefore, it is particularly important to design a vehicle antenna that can support multiple frequency bands and communication protocols at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the on-board antenna in the current intelligent networked car has a single function and is difficult to meet the diversified communication needs. To this end, the present invention adopts MIMO technology, combined with a double-layer array structure design, successfully achieves coverage of four frequency bands and supports multiple communication protocols, meeting the diversified communication needs of intelligent networked cars in an intelligent driving environment. The present invention covers four communication frequency bands of 3.24-3.45GHz, 4.58-4.95GHz, 5.73-6.48GHz and 7.36-8.39GHz, which can be used for n78 (3.3-4.2GHz) and n79 (4.4-5GHz) in 5G, vehicle wireless automatic identification system (5.725-5.85GHz), V2X (5.905-5.925GHz), Wi-Fi 6G (5.925-6.425GHz) and UWB (7.163-8.812GHz), etc., to ensure that the vehicle can maintain efficient and stable connection in various communication scenarios. The present invention uses the MIMO antenna system to improve data transmission rate and communication quality, and effectively resists multipath interference and signal attenuation through technical means such as spatial multiplexing and diversity gain, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the communication link. This design adopts a double-layer array structure to reduce the size of the antenna, making it easier to install and deploy in limited vehicle space. It enhances the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, further optimizing the overall communication performance.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment, the antenna consisting of a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and an antenna interface;

[0008] The first antenna layer antenna includes, from bottom to top, a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer, and a second metal layer;

[0009] The first metal layer includes a plurality of radiation array units with the same structure and size, specifically including a first radiation array unit, a second radiation array unit, a third radiation array unit, and a fourth radiation array unit that are centrosymmetric about the physical center point of the upper layer of the first dielectric layer;

[0010] The second metal layer includes a plurality of grounding units with the same structure and size, specifically including a first grounding unit, a second grounding unit, a third grounding unit, a fourth grounding unit, a fifth grounding unit, a sixth grounding unit, a seventh grounding unit and an eighth grounding unit corresponding to the radiation array unit;

[0011] The second antenna layer antenna includes, from bottom to top, a third metal layer, a second dielectric layer and a fourth metal layer;

[0012] The third metal layer includes a ninth grounding unit that completely covers the upper layer of the second dielectric layer;

[0013] The fourth metal layer includes a plurality of radiation units with the same structure and size, specifically including a fifth radiation unit, a sixth radiation unit, a seventh radiation unit, and an eighth radiation unit which are centrally symmetrical about the physical center point of the lower layer of the second dielectric layer;

[0014] The antenna interface includes, from outside to inside, a first metal column, a third dielectric layer, and a second metal column;

[0015] The feeding method is implemented through an SMA connector, the ground end of the SMA connector is connected to the third metal layer, and the signal end is connected to the fourth metal layer, which excites the generation of an outwardly radiating electric field.

[0016] Furthermore, the first radiation array unit, the second radiation array unit, the third radiation array unit, and the fourth radiation array unit have exactly the same structure and size. The first radiation array unit is composed of two symmetrical four rectangular short rods connecting a triangular radiation surface, which is printed at the four corners of the upper surface of the first dielectric layer and is centrally symmetrical about the physical center point of the dielectric layer.

[0017] Further, the first grounding unit, the second grounding unit, the third grounding unit, the fourth grounding unit, the fifth grounding unit, the sixth grounding unit, the seventh grounding unit and the eighth grounding unit are all rectangular.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the first metal layer, the second metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer is 0-0.035 mm, and the metal material may be gold, silver, copper, etc., or may be a conductive material having a conductivity equivalent to that of gold, silver and copper.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the first metal column are composed of cubes, and the middle is composed of a hollow metal cylinder. The size of the cube is 6.35mm×6.35mm×1.8mm, and the diameter of the hollow metal cylinder is 5.35mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the second metal column is composed of a solid metal cylinder with a diameter of 1.27 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the materials of the first metal column and the second metal column may be gold, silver, copper, etc., or may be conductive materials having a conductivity equivalent to that of gold, silver, and copper.

[0022] Furthermore, the size of the first dielectric layer is 60 mm×60 mm×1.6 mm, and can fluctuate by 0.2 mm on the basis of the size. The material used is FR4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent value of 0.02.

[0023] Furthermore, the second dielectric layer has a size of 58 mm×58 mm×1.6 mm, and can fluctuate by 0.2 mm on the basis of the size. The material used is FR4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent value of 0.02.

[0024] Furthermore, the third dielectric layer is a cylinder with a diameter of 4.25 mm, and is made of Teflon material with a dielectric constant of 2.1 and a loss tangent of 0.001.

[0025] Advantages of the present invention:

[0026] 1. The present invention is a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. The antenna covers four communication frequency bands: 3.24-3.45 GHz, 4.58-4.95 GHz, 5.73-6.48 GHz and 7.36-8.39 GHz. It can be used for n78 (3.3-4.2 GHz) and n79 (4.4-5 GHz) in 5G, vehicle wireless automatic identification system (5.725-5.85 GHz), V2X (5.905-5.925 GHz), Wi-Fi 6G (5.925-6.425 GHz) and UWB (7.163-8.812 GHz), etc., to ensure that the vehicle can maintain efficient and stable connection in various communication scenarios.

[0027] 2. The present invention is a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. The port isolation of the antenna is higher than 15.3dB at 3.24-3.45GHz, higher than 19.2dB at 4.58-4.95GHz, higher than 24.8dB at 5.73-6.48GHz, higher than 22.9dB at 7.36-8.39GHz, and higher than 31.46dB in the V2X frequency band, ensuring high efficiency and low interference of wireless communications in the intelligent driving system.

[0028] 3. The invention is a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. The maximum actual gain of the antenna at 3.24-3.45 GHz is higher than 1.53 dB, the maximum actual gain at 4.58-4.95 GHz is higher than 2.09 dB, the maximum actual gain at 5.73-6.48 GHz is higher than 2.51 dB, and the maximum actual gain at 7.36-8.39 GHz is higher than 3.39 dB, which provides the intelligent driving system with more powerful signal coverage and transmission capabilities to meet complex and changing communication needs.

[0029] 4. The present invention is a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. The antenna has a correlation envelope coefficient (ECC) lower than 0.04 and a diversity gain (DG) higher than 9.8 within the working frequency band, providing stable, reliable and efficient wireless communication, laying a solid foundation for the further development of autonomous driving technology.

[0030] 5. The present invention is a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment. It adopts a double-layer array structure to reduce the size of the antenna, facilitate installation and deployment in a limited vehicle space, enhance the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, and further optimize the overall communication performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first antenna layer structure of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second antenna layer structure of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna interface structure of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiation array unit of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth radiation unit of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a reflection coefficient simulation diagram of a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna in the range of 3GHz-9GHz based on an intelligent driving environment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a transmission coefficient simulation diagram of a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna in the range of 3GHz-9GHz based on an intelligent driving environment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a simulation diagram of the maximum actual gain of a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna in the range of 3GHz-9GHz based on an intelligent driving environment of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.10 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation efficiency of a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna in the range of 3GHz-9GHz based on an intelligent driving environment according to the present invention.

[0042] Fig.11 This is a simulation diagram of the envelope correlation coefficient of a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna in the 3GHz-9GHz range based on an intelligent driving environment of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.12 This is a simulation diagram of the diversity gain of a four-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna in the range of 3GHz-9GHz based on an intelligent driving environment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.13 The antenna radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention is shown.

[0045] Fig.14 The antenna radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention is shown in FIG.

[0046] Fig.15 The antenna radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention is shown in FIG.

[0047] Fig.16 The antenna radiation pattern of the E-plane and H-plane of a quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment in the present invention is shown in FIG. 7.62 GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] A quad-band, four-port, double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment, the three-dimensional structure diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the schematic diagram of the first antenna layer structure is as follows Figure 2The second antenna layer structure diagram is shown in Figure 3 The antenna interface structure diagram is shown in Figure 4 As shown; the antenna comprises a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and an antenna interface; the first antenna layer antenna comprises, from bottom to top, a first metal layer (101), a first dielectric layer (102) and a second metal layer (103); the first metal layer comprises a plurality of radiation array units, specifically comprising a first radiation array unit (201), a second radiation array unit (202), a third radiation array unit (203) and a fourth radiation array unit (204); the second metal layer comprises a plurality of grounding units, specifically comprising a first grounding unit (205), a second grounding unit (206), a third grounding unit (207), a fourth grounding unit (208), a fifth grounding unit (209), a sixth grounding unit (210), a seventh grounding unit (211) and an eighth grounding unit (212). The invention relates to a grounding unit (212); the second antenna layer antenna comprises, from bottom to top, a third metal layer (107), a second dielectric layer (108) and a fourth metal layer (109); the third metal layer comprises a ninth grounding unit (305); the fourth metal layer comprises a plurality of radiation units, specifically comprising a fifth radiation unit (301), a sixth radiation unit (302), a seventh radiation unit (303) and an eighth radiation unit (304); the antenna interface comprises, from outside to inside, a first metal column (104), a third dielectric layer (105) and a second metal column (106); the feeding method is realized by an SMA connector, the grounding end of the SMA connector is connected to the third metal layer (107), and the signal end is connected to the fourth metal layer (109), so as to generate an electric field radiating outwards.

[0050] The schematic diagram of the first radiation array unit structure is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the first radiation array unit (201), the second radiation array unit (202), the third radiation array unit (203), and the fourth radiation array unit (204) are completely identical in structure and size, and are printed at the four corners of the upper surface of the first dielectric layer (102), and are centrally symmetrical about the physical center point of the dielectric layer; the first grounding unit (205), the second grounding unit (206), the third grounding unit (207), the fourth grounding unit (208), the fifth grounding unit (209), the sixth grounding unit (210), the seventh grounding unit (211), and the eighth grounding unit (212) are all rectangular, printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer (102), and correspond one to one to the radiation array units.

[0051] The schematic diagram of the fifth radiation unit structure is as follows: Figure 6As shown, the fifth radiation unit (301), the sixth radiation unit (302), the seventh radiation unit (303), and the eighth radiation unit (304) have completely the same structure and size, and are printed at the four corners of the lower surface of the second dielectric layer (108), centrally symmetrical about the physical center point of the dielectric layer; the ninth grounding unit (305) is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer (108), completely covering the upper surface of the second dielectric layer (108).

[0052] The first dielectric layer (102) has a size of 60 mm×60 mm×1.6 mm, and can fluctuate by 0.1 mm on the basis of the size. The material used is FR4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent value of 0.02.

[0053] The size of the second dielectric layer (108) is 58mm×58mm×1.6mm, and can fluctuate by 0.1mm on the basis of the size. The material used is FR4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent value of 0.02.

[0054] The third dielectric layer (105) is a cylinder with a diameter of 4.25 mm. The material used is Teflon material with a dielectric constant of 2.1 and a loss tangent value of 0.001.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, the antenna covers four communication frequency bands: 3.24-3.45GHz, 4.58-4.95GHz, 5.73-6.48GHz and 7.36-8.39GHz. It can be used for n78 (3.3-4.2GHz) and n79 (4.4-5GHz) in 5G, vehicle wireless automatic identification system (5.725-5.85GHz), V2X (5.905-5.925GHz), Wi-Fi 6G (5.925-6.425GHz) and UWB (7.163-8.812GHz), etc., to ensure that the vehicle can maintain efficient and stable connection in various communication scenarios.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the antenna exhibits excellent port isolation characteristics within the working frequency band. Specifically, the port isolation at 3.24-3.45 GHz is higher than 15.3 dB, the port isolation at 4.58-4.95 GHz is higher than 19.2 dB, the port isolation at 5.73-6.48 GHz is higher than 24.8 dB, the port isolation at 7.36-8.39 GHz is higher than 22.9 dB, and the port isolation in the V2X band is higher than 31.46 dB, ensuring high efficiency and low interference of wireless communications in intelligent driving systems.

[0057] like Fig. 9As shown, the antenna exhibits excellent gain characteristics within the operating frequency band. Specifically, the maximum actual gain at 3.24-3.45 GHz is higher than 1.53 dB, the maximum actual gain at 4.58-4.95 GHz is higher than 2.09 dB, the maximum actual gain at 5.73-6.48 GHz is higher than 2.51 dB, and the maximum actual gain at 7.36-8.39 GHz is higher than 3.39 dB, providing the intelligent driving system with more powerful signal coverage and transmission capabilities to meet complex and changing communication needs.

[0058] like Fig.10 As shown, the antenna exhibits excellent radiation efficiency within the operating frequency band. Specifically, the radiation efficiency is higher than 73% at 3.24-3.45 GHz, higher than 74% at 4.58-4.95 GHz, higher than 66.5% at 5.73-6.48 GHz, and higher than 66.5% at 7.36-8.39 GHz, which can meet the intelligent driving system's needs for high-speed, stable and reliable wireless communications.

[0059] like Fig.11 As shown, the antenna exhibits an extremely low envelope correlation coefficient within the operating frequency band. Specifically, the envelope correlation coefficient is lower than 0.015 at 3.24-3.45 GHz, lower than 0.04 at 4.58-4.95 GHz, lower than 0.005 at 5.73-6.48 GHz, and lower than 0.01 at 7.36-8.39 GHz, effectively supporting high-speed, large-capacity wireless communication needs.

[0060] like Fig.12 As shown, the antenna exhibits excellent diversity gain characteristics within the operating frequency band. Specifically, the diversity gain at 3.24-3.45 GHz is higher than 9.925, the diversity gain at 4.58-4.95 GHz is higher than 9.82, the diversity gain at 5.73-6.48 GHz is higher than 9.97, and the diversity gain at 7.36-8.39 GHz is higher than 9.95, fully demonstrating its high performance and stability in multiple frequency bands.

[0061] like Fig.13 As shown, at the frequency point of 3.36 GHz, the radiation pattern of the antenna E surface presents an ellipse, and the radiation pattern of the antenna H surface presents a distorted quasi-circular shape.

[0062] like Fig.14 As shown, at the frequency point of 4.79 GHz, the radiation pattern of the antenna E surface presents a distorted ellipse, and the radiation pattern of the antenna H surface presents a distorted quasi-circular shape.

[0063] like Fig.15As shown, at the frequency point of 5.915 GHz, the radiation pattern of the antenna E surface is circular, and the radiation pattern of the antenna H surface is circular.

[0064] like Fig.16 As shown, at the frequency point of 6.175 GHz, the radiation pattern of the antenna E surface presents a distorted apple shape, and the radiation pattern of the antenna H surface presents a distorted apple shape.

[0065] From the simulation results analysis:

[0066] 1. Four communication frequency bands of 3.24-3.45GHz, 4.58-4.95GHz, 5.73-6.48GHz and 7.36-8.39GHz are generated below the S11 coefficient of -10dB, which can be used for 5G n78 (3.3-4.2GHz), 5G n79 (4.4-5GHz), vehicle wireless automatic identification system (5.725-5.85GHz), V2X (5.905-5.925GHz), Wi-Fi 6G (5.925-6.425GHz) and UWB (7.163-8.812GHz), etc., to ensure that vehicles can maintain efficient and stable connections in various communication scenarios.

[0067] 2. The coupling coefficient between the four ports of the MIMO antenna is higher than 15.3dB at 3.24-3.45GHz, higher than 19.2dB at 4.58-4.95GHz, higher than 24.8dB at 5.73-6.48GHz, and higher than 22.9dB at 7.36-8.39GHz, which effectively reduces mutual interference between signals and improves the overall communication quality.

[0068] 3. The maximum actual gain of the MIMO antenna at 3.24-3.45GHz is higher than 1.53dB, the maximum actual gain at 4.58-4.95GHz is higher than 2.09dB, the maximum actual gain at 5.73-6.48GHz is higher than 2.51dB, and the maximum actual gain at 7.36-8.39GHz is higher than

[0069] 3.39dB, providing the intelligent driving system with more powerful signal coverage and transmission capabilities to meet complex and changing communication needs.

[0070] 4. The radiation efficiency of the MIMO antenna is higher than 73% at 3.24-3.45 GHz, higher than 74% at 4.58-4.95 GHz, higher than 66.5% at 5.73-6.48 GHz, and higher than 66.5% at 7.36-8.39 GHz, which can meet the intelligent driving system's needs for high-speed, stable and reliable wireless communications.

[0071] 5. The envelope correlation coefficient of the MIMO antenna is less than 0.015 at 3.24-3.45 GHz, less than 0.04 at 4.58-4.95 GHz, less than 0.005 at 5.73-6.48 GHz, and less than 0.01 at 7.36-8.39 GHz, effectively supporting high-speed and large-capacity wireless communication needs.

[0072] 6. The diversity gain of the MIMO antenna is higher than 9.925 at 3.24-3.45 GHz, higher than 9.82 at 4.58-4.95 GHz, higher than 9.97 at 5.73-6.48 GHz, and higher than 9.95 at 7.36-8.39 GHz, fully demonstrating its high performance and stability in multiple frequency bands.

[0073] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or supplements to the specific examples described or replace them in similar ways. They may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment, characterized in that: The antenna is composed of a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and an antenna interface; the first antenna layer includes a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer and a second metal layer from bottom to top; the first metal layer includes a plurality of radiation array units, specifically a first radiation array unit, a second radiation array unit, a third radiation array unit and a fourth radiation array unit; the second metal layer includes a plurality of grounding units, specifically a first grounding unit, a second grounding unit, a third grounding unit, a fourth grounding unit, a fifth grounding unit, a sixth grounding unit, a seventh grounding unit and an eighth grounding unit; the second antenna layer includes a third metal layer, a second dielectric layer and a fourth metal layer from bottom to top; the third metal layer includes a ninth grounding unit; the fourth metal layer includes a plurality of radiation units, specifically a fifth radiation unit, a sixth radiation unit, a seventh radiation unit and an eighth radiation unit; the antenna interface includes a first metal column, a third dielectric layer and a second metal column from outside to inside; the feeding method is realized by an SMA connector, the ground end of the SMA connector is connected to the third metal layer, and the signal end is connected to the fourth metal layer, so as to stimulate the generation of an electric field radiating outward.

2. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation array unit, the second radiation array unit, the third radiation array unit, and the fourth radiation array unit have exactly the same structure and size, are printed at the four corners of the upper surface of the first dielectric layer, and are centrally symmetrical about the physical center point of the dielectric layer; the first grounding unit, the second grounding unit, the third grounding unit, the fourth grounding unit, the fifth grounding unit, the sixth grounding unit, the seventh grounding unit, and the eighth grounding unit are all rectangular, printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer, corresponding to the radiation array units.

3. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth radiation unit, the sixth radiation unit, the seventh radiation unit, and the eighth radiation unit have exactly the same structure and size, and are printed at the four corners of the lower surface of the second dielectric layer, centrally symmetrical about the physical center point of the dielectric layer; the ninth grounding unit is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer, completely covering the upper surface of the second dielectric layer.

4. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first metal layer, the second metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer is 0-0.035 mm. The metal material can be gold, silver, copper, etc., or a conductive material with a conductivity equivalent to that of gold, silver and copper.

5. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the first metal column are composed of cubes, and the middle is composed of a hollow metal cylinder; the size of the cube is 6.35mm×6.35mm×1.8mm, and the diameter of the hollow metal cylinder is 5.35mm. The metal material can be gold, silver, copper, etc., or it can be a conductive material with a conductivity equivalent to that of gold, silver, and copper.

6. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second metal column is composed of a solid metal cylinder with a diameter of 1.27 mm. The metal material can be gold, silver, copper, etc., or a conductive material with a conductivity equivalent to that of gold, silver, and copper.

7. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the first dielectric layer is 60 mm×60 mm×1.6 mm, and can fluctuate by 0.1 mm on the basis of the size; the material used is FR4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.4, and a loss tangent value of 0.

02.

8. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the second dielectric layer is 58mm×58mm×1.6mm, and can fluctuate by 0.1mm on the basis of the size; the material used is FR4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent value of 0.

02.

9. The quad-band four-port double-layer MIMO array antenna based on an intelligent driving environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third dielectric layer is a cylinder with a diameter of 4.25 mm. The material used is Teflon material with a dielectric constant of 2.1 and a loss tangent value of 0.001.

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