New energy consumption cost allocation method considering regional power grid difference, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy consumption cost allocation method and device considering regional power grid difference, and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: 1) obtaining related technical data of a power system; 2) constructing an energy storage investment planning model containing energy storage investment planning and standby service; 3) solving the energy storage investment planning model based on the related technical data of the power system, obtaining the consumption cost undertaken by different new energy stations in the initial allocation, and completing the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost; 4) calculating consumption cost re-allocation proportionality coefficients of different regional power grids by considering the difference of the regional power grids; and 5) based on the consumption cost re-allocation proportionality coefficient, on the basis of the primary allocation of the new energy consumption cost, performing secondary allocation on the consumption cost of the new energy station. According to the method, the energy storage investment planning cost and the power system operation standby cost are both included in the consumption cost, so that comprehensive and scientific measurement and calculation of the consumption cost are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power system planning, and in particular to a method, device and medium for allocating the cost of absorbing new energy taking into account the differences of regional power grids. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous construction of new power systems, the power system will introduce additional backup costs and investment costs from the two levels of operation and planning to absorb new energy. However, due to the differences in the flexible adjustment capabilities of power grids in different regions, that is, the differences in the ability of power grids in different regions to absorb new energy, different new energy access areas may lead to different absorption costs. Therefore, how to take into account the differences in regional power grid absorption costs in the sharing of new energy absorption costs is one of the keys to ensuring the reasonable sharing of new energy absorption costs and promoting new energy absorption. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account the differences in regional power grids, comprising the following steps:

[0004] 1) Obtain relevant technical data of the power system;

[0005] 2) Taking the minimization of energy storage investment planning cost, energy storage equipment and traditional unit operating cost, and power system operating reserve cost as the objective function, an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and reserve service is constructed;

[0006] 3) Based on the relevant technical data of the power system, the energy storage investment planning model is solved to obtain the consumption costs borne by different new energy sites in the initial allocation, and the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs is completed;

[0007] 4) Taking into account the differences in regional power grids, calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions;

[0008] 5) Based on the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost, the consumption cost of new energy stations is secondarily allocated on the basis of the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost.

[0009] Furthermore, the power system related technical data include the power system transmission network structure and parameters, new energy access power and load power.

[0010] Furthermore, the objective function of the energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup service is as follows:

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, C sys is the total system cost; is the investment cost of the bth energy storage unit power; Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve quotations of the rth equipment providing reserve service at time t; is the planned charging and discharging power of the bth energy storage; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower spare capacities provided by the rth backup service device at time t; N B 、N G and N R They are the number of system energy storage power stations, traditional units, and equipment providing backup services; T is the total number of time periods.

[0013] Furthermore, the constraints of the energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup services include new energy station operation constraints, system constraints, traditional unit operation constraints, and energy storage operation constraints;

[0014] The operating constraints of the new energy stations include new energy penetration rate constraints, maximum power abandonment ratio constraints, and output upper and lower limit constraints;

[0015] The system constraints include system power balance constraints, line transmission capacity limitation constraints and system operation reserve demand constraints;

[0016] The conventional unit operation constraints include output upper and lower limit constraints, ramp constraints, and operation standby upper and lower limit constraints;

[0017] The energy storage operation constraints include output upper and lower limit constraints, operation reserve upper and lower limit constraints, charging and discharging physical constraints, and charge state calculation and restriction constraints;

[0018] Among them, the new energy penetration rate constraint, the maximum power abandonment ratio constraint, and the output upper and lower limit constraints are as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Where, t=1,2,…,T;n=1,2,…,N N ; is the actual power of the nth renewable energy source connected to the system at time t; is the maximum power that can be generated by the nth renewable energy at time t; is the load demand of the dth node at time t; α is the system penetration requirement; β is the maximum power abandonment ratio of the system's new energy; NN and N D They are the number of new energy stations and access load nodes in the system respectively;

[0021] The system power balance constraints and line transmission capacity limit constraints are as follows:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, is the power of the g-th unit at time t; P l L,min and P l L,max They are the lower and upper capacity limits of system line l transmission respectively; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; Transmission capacity for system line l;

[0024] The system operation reserve requirement constraints are as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Where, t=1,2,…,T; l=1,2,…,L; L is the total number of system lines; is the transmission capacity of the system's first line at time t; P l L,min and P l L,max They are the lower and upper capacity limits of system line l transmission respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the g-th conventional unit at time t; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the b-th energy storage power station at time t; and are the total upper and lower reserve requirements of the system at time t respectively; and are the system upper and lower reserve total demand ratio coefficients respectively;

[0027] The output upper and lower limit constraints and climbing constraints are as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, and are the minimum and maximum active outputs of the g-th conventional unit respectively; and are the downward and upward climbing rates of the g-th conventional unit respectively; is the power of the g-th unit at time t+1;

[0030] Running alternate upper and lower bound constraints is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, and are the downward and upward climbing rates of the g-th conventional unit respectively;

[0033] The output upper and lower limits are as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Running alternate upper and lower bound constraints is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] The physical constraints of charge and discharge are as follows:

[0038]

[0039] The state of charge calculation and limitation constraints are as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Where, t=1,2,…,T;b=1,2,…,N B ; and are the energy stored by the b-th energy storage at time t and time t-1 respectively; and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the energy that can be stored in the b-th energy storage; Indicates the charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage.

[0042] Furthermore, the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy station in the initial allocation is as follows:

[0043] θ n =C D,N -C D,-n (twenty two)

[0044]

[0045] Where i = 1,…,N N ; N N is the number of new energy stations; θ n is the cost substitution benefit of the consumption of the nth new energy; C D,N It is the sum of the system investment planning cost and operation standby cost when the new energy station is connected; C D,-nis the sum of the investment planning cost and the operation standby cost when the nth new energy station is not connected to the system; C N is the consumption cost to be shared in the system; C n is the consumption cost borne by the nth renewable energy in the initial allocation; θ i is the cost substitution benefit of absorbing the i-th new energy;

[0046] Among them, the sum of energy storage investment planning cost and operation reserve cost is C D,N As shown below:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, The optimal energy storage investment power, system upper reserve demand, and system lower reserve demand calculated by the energy storage investment planning model.

[0049] Furthermore, the steps of calculating the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions include:

[0050] a1) Divide the power grid into Z different regional power grids;

[0051] a2) For the z-th regional power grid, construct flexibility indicators to quantify the flexible regulation capability of the regional power grid, including the upper limit of power regulation Power regulation lower boundary Maximum climbing rate Maximum downhill climbing rate

[0052] a3) Construct the upper and lower bounds of regional power grid tie line power regulation, and solve them by branch and bound method to obtain the upper bound of the power regulation of the tie line of the zth regional power grid and power regulation lower boundary Right now:

[0053]

[0054] Where, t = 1, 2, ..., T; m = 1, 2, ..., M; M is the number of interconnection lines in the regional power grid; is the power of the mth tie line of the zth regional power grid at time t;

[0055] a4) Taking the minimization of the operating cost of energy storage and traditional units as the objective function, an economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid is constructed, and the current interconnection line power is obtained by the branch and bound method.

[0056] a5) Based on the current tie line power Calculate the maximum ramp rate of the z-th regional power grid and maximum downhill climbing rate Right now:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, and is the tie line power of equation (25)-(26) Solve the result.

[0059] a6) Normalize the flexibility index of each regional power grid to obtain the normalized flexibility index and z=1,…,Z;

[0060] a7) Based on the normalized flexibility index, calculate the comprehensive flexibility score K of each regional power grid z ,Right now:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, and They are the weight coefficients of the four types of flexibility indicators calculated by the analytic hierarchy process;

[0063] a8) Based on the comprehensive scoring results of the regional power grid flexibility K z , calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient η of the consumption cost z ,Right now:

[0064] η z =(K z -K mean )100% (30)

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, K mean It is the average comprehensive score of regional power grid flexibility.

[0067] Furthermore, the economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; NB,Z and NG,Zare the number of backup service equipment provided by the system energy storage power station and traditional units; T is the total number of time periods.

[0070] Furthermore, the steps for secondary allocation of the cost of new energy consumption include:

[0071] b1) Based on the redistribution ratio coefficient of the regional power grid, the consumption cost borne by the new energy station in the initial allocation is adjusted to obtain:

[0072] C' n =C n -η z C n (33)

[0073] Where C' n is the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy station after adjustment; η z is the redistribution ratio coefficient;

[0074] b2) Calculate the imbalance cost ΔC n ,Right now:

[0075]

[0076] b3) For the imbalance cost ΔC n The consumption cost of the nth renewable energy source in the secondary allocation is obtained, and the secondary allocation of the consumption cost of renewable energy source is completed;

[0077] Among them, the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy in the secondary allocation is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where N N is the number of new energy stations; This is the result of secondary allocation of consumption costs.

[0080] A system based on the new energy consumption cost allocation method includes a power system data acquisition module, a new energy consumption cost primary allocation module, a re-allocation ratio coefficient calculation module, and a new energy consumption cost secondary allocation module;

[0081] The power system data acquisition module is used to acquire technical data related to the power system;

[0082] The new energy consumption cost initial allocation module stores an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and standby services;

[0083] The new energy consumption cost initial allocation module solves the energy storage investment planning model based on the relevant technical data of the power system, obtains the consumption costs borne by different new energy sites in the initial allocation, and completes the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs;

[0084] The redistribution ratio coefficient calculation module is used to calculate the redistribution ratio coefficients of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions;

[0085] The new energy consumption cost secondary allocation module performs secondary allocation of the new energy site consumption cost based on the consumption cost redistribution ratio coefficient and on the basis of the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost.

[0086] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which is executed by a processor to execute the method.

[0087] The technical effect of the present invention is unquestionable. Based on the constructed energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup services, the present invention includes both the energy storage investment planning cost and the power system operation backup cost into the absorption cost, thereby realizing a comprehensive and scientific calculation of the absorption cost; based on the VCG theory, the absorption cost substitution benefit of new energy is quantitatively characterized, and according to the comprehensive allocation principle considering the positive and negative substitution benefits of the new energy absorption cost, the absorption cost is reasonably allocated.

[0088] The present invention includes both the energy storage investment planning cost and the power system operation standby cost into the absorption cost, thereby realizing a comprehensive and scientific calculation of the absorption cost, and based on the VCG theory, realizes a reasonable allocation of the absorption cost according to the comprehensive allocation principle that considers the positive and negative substitution benefits of the new energy absorption cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of IEEE 14-bus power system;

[0091] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the cost substitution benefits and cost allocation results of new energy consumption in an actual power grid;

[0092] Figure 4 The initial allocation and re-allocation results of the renewable energy consumption cost are compared for a real power grid as an example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, which should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0094] Embodiment 1:

[0095] See also Figures 1 to 4 A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account the differences in regional power grids includes the following steps:

[0096] 1) Obtain relevant technical data of the power system;

[0097] 2) Taking the minimization of energy storage investment planning cost, energy storage equipment and traditional unit operating cost, and power system operating reserve cost as the objective function, an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and reserve service is constructed;

[0098] 3) Based on the relevant technical data of the power system, the energy storage investment planning model is solved to obtain the consumption costs borne by different new energy sites in the initial allocation, and the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs is completed;

[0099] 4) Taking into account the differences in regional power grids, calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions;

[0100] 5) Based on the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost, the consumption cost of new energy stations is secondarily allocated on the basis of the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost.

[0101] Embodiment 2:

[0102] A method for allocating the cost of absorbing new energy taking into account the differences in regional power grids, the technical content of which is the same as that of Example 1. Furthermore, the relevant technical data of the power system include the structure and parameters of the power system transmission network, the access power of new energy and the load power.

[0103] Embodiment 3:

[0104] A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-2, and further, the objective function of the energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup service is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, C sys is the total system cost; is the investment cost of the bth energy storage unit power; Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve quotations of the rth equipment providing reserve service at time t; is the planned charging and discharging power of the bth energy storage; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower spare capacities provided by the rth backup service device at time t; N B 、N G and N R They are the number of system energy storage power stations, traditional units, and equipment providing backup services; T is the total number of time periods.

[0107] Embodiment 4:

[0108] A method for allocating costs of new energy consumption taking into account regional power grid differences, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 1-3, and further, the constraints of the energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup services include new energy site operation constraints, system constraints, traditional unit operation constraints, and energy storage operation constraints;

[0109] The operating constraints of the new energy stations include new energy penetration rate constraints, maximum power abandonment ratio constraints, and output upper and lower limit constraints;

[0110] The system constraints include system power balance constraints, line transmission capacity limitation constraints and system operation reserve demand constraints;

[0111] The conventional unit operation constraints include output upper and lower limit constraints, ramp constraints, and operation standby upper and lower limit constraints;

[0112] The energy storage operation constraints include output upper and lower limit constraints, operation reserve upper and lower limit constraints, charging and discharging physical constraints, and charge state calculation and restriction constraints;

[0113] Among them, the new energy penetration rate constraint, the maximum power abandonment ratio constraint, and the output upper and lower limit constraints are as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Where, t=1,2,…,T;n=1,2,…,N N ; is the actual power of the nth renewable energy source connected to the system at time t; is the maximum power that can be generated by the nth renewable energy at time t; is the load demand of the dth node at time t; α is the system penetration requirement; β is the maximum power abandonment ratio of the system's new energy; N N and N D They are the number of new energy stations and access load nodes in the system respectively;

[0116] The system power balance constraints and line transmission capacity limit constraints are as follows:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, is the power of the g-th unit at time t; P l L,min and P l L,max They are the lower and upper capacity limits of system line l transmission respectively; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; Transmission capacity for system line l;

[0119] The system operation reserve requirement constraints are as follows:

[0120]

[0121] Where, t=1,2,…,T; l=1,2,…,L; L is the total number of system lines; is the transmission capacity of the system’s first line at time t; P l L,min and P l L,max They are the lower and upper capacity limits of system line l transmission respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the g-th conventional unit at time t; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the b-th energy storage power station at time t; and are the total upper and lower reserve requirements of the system at time t respectively; and are the system upper and lower reserve total demand ratio coefficients respectively;

[0122] The output upper and lower limit constraints and climbing constraints are as follows:

[0123]

[0124] In the formula, and are the minimum and maximum active outputs of the g-th conventional unit respectively; and are the downward and upward climbing rates of the g-th conventional unit respectively; is the power of the g-th unit at time t+1;

[0125] Running alternate upper and lower bound constraints is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] In the formula, and are the downward and upward climbing rates of the g-th conventional unit respectively;

[0128] The output upper and lower limits are as follows:

[0129]

[0130] Running alternate upper and lower bound constraints is as follows:

[0131]

[0132] The physical constraints of charge and discharge are as follows:

[0133]

[0134] The state of charge calculation and limitation constraints are as follows:

[0135]

[0136] Where, t=1,2,…,T;b=1,2,…,N B ; and are the energy stored by the b-th energy storage at time t and time t-1 respectively; and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the energy that can be stored in the b-th energy storage; Indicates the charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage.

[0137] Embodiment 5:

[0138] A method for allocating the cost of renewable energy consumption taking into account regional power grid differences, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 1-4, and further, the consumption cost borne by the nth renewable energy station in the initial allocation is as follows:

[0139] θ n =C D,N -C D,-n (twenty two)

[0140]

[0141] Where i = 1,…,N N; N N is the number of new energy stations; θ n is the cost substitution benefit of the consumption of the nth new energy; C D,N It is the sum of the system investment planning cost and operation standby cost when the new energy station is connected; C D,-n is the sum of the investment planning cost and the operation standby cost when the nth new energy station is not connected to the system; C N is the consumption cost to be shared in the system; C n is the consumption cost borne by the nth renewable energy in the initial allocation; θ i is the cost substitution benefit of absorbing the i-th new energy;

[0142] Among them, the sum of energy storage investment planning cost and operation reserve cost is C D,N As shown below:

[0143]

[0144] In the formula, The optimal energy storage investment power, system upper reserve demand, and system lower reserve demand calculated by the energy storage investment planning model.

[0145] Embodiment 6:

[0146] A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-5, and further, the step of calculating the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions includes:

[0147] a1) Divide the power grid into Z different regional power grids;

[0148] a2) For the z-th regional power grid, construct flexibility indicators to quantify the flexible regulation capability of the regional power grid, including the upper limit of power regulation Power regulation lower limit Maximum climbing rate Maximum downhill climbing rate

[0149] a3) Construct the upper and lower bounds of regional power grid tie line power regulation, and solve them by branch and bound method to obtain the upper bound of the power regulation of the tie line of the zth regional power grid and power regulation lower boundary Right now:

[0150]

[0151] Where, t = 1, 2, ..., T; m = 1, 2, ..., M; M is the number of interconnection lines in the regional power grid; is the power of the mth tie line of the zth regional power grid at time t;

[0152] a4) Taking the minimization of the operating cost of energy storage and traditional units as the objective function, an economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid is constructed, and the current interconnection line power is obtained by the branch and bound method.

[0153] a5) Based on the current tie line power Calculate the maximum ramp rate of the z-th regional power grid and maximum downhill climbing rate Right now:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, and is the tie line power of equation (25)-(26) Solve the result.

[0156] a6) Normalize the flexibility index of each regional power grid to obtain the normalized flexibility index and z=1,…,Z;

[0157] a7) Based on the normalized flexibility index, calculate the comprehensive flexibility score K of each regional power grid z ,Right now:

[0158]

[0159] In the formula, and They are the weight coefficients of the four types of flexibility indicators calculated by the analytic hierarchy process;

[0160] a8) Based on the comprehensive scoring results of the regional power grid flexibility K z , calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient η of the consumption cost z ,Right now:

[0161] η z =(K z -K mean )100%(30)

[0162]

[0163] In the formula, K mean It is the average comprehensive score of regional power grid flexibility.

[0164] Embodiment 7:

[0165] A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account the differences in regional power grids, the technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-6, and further, the economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid is as follows:

[0166]

[0167] In the formula, Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; NB,Z and NG,Z are the number of backup service equipment provided by the system energy storage power station and traditional units; T is the total number of time periods.

[0168] Embodiment 8:

[0169] A method for allocating the cost of new energy consumption taking into account the differences in regional power grids, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Embodiments 1-7, and further, the step of performing secondary allocation of the cost of new energy consumption includes:

[0170] b1) Based on the redistribution ratio coefficient of the regional power grid, the consumption cost borne by the new energy station in the initial allocation is adjusted to obtain:

[0171] C' n =C n -η z C n (33)

[0172] Where C' n is the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy station after adjustment; η z is the redistribution ratio coefficient;

[0173] b2) Calculate the imbalance cost ΔC n ,Right now:

[0174]

[0175] b3) For the imbalance cost ΔC n The consumption cost of the nth renewable energy source in the secondary allocation is obtained, and the secondary allocation of the consumption cost of renewable energy source is completed;

[0176] Among them, the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy in the secondary allocation is as follows:

[0177]

[0178] Where N N is the number of new energy stations; This is the result of secondary allocation of consumption costs.

[0179] Embodiment 9:

[0180] A system based on the new energy consumption cost allocation method described in any one of embodiments 1-8, comprising a power system data acquisition module, a new energy consumption cost primary allocation module, a re-allocation ratio coefficient calculation module, and a new energy consumption cost secondary allocation module;

[0181] The power system data acquisition module is used to acquire technical data related to the power system;

[0182] The new energy consumption cost initial allocation module stores an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and standby services;

[0183] The new energy consumption cost initial allocation module solves the energy storage investment planning model based on the relevant technical data of the power system, obtains the consumption costs borne by different new energy sites in the initial allocation, and completes the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs;

[0184] The redistribution ratio coefficient calculation module is used to calculate the redistribution ratio coefficients of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions;

[0185] The new energy consumption cost secondary allocation module performs secondary allocation of the new energy site consumption cost based on the consumption cost redistribution ratio coefficient and on the basis of the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost.

[0186] Embodiment 10:

[0187] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which executes the method described in any one of embodiments 1-8 when executed by a processor.

[0188] Embodiment 11:

[0189] A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account the differences in regional power grids, the steps are as follows:

[0190] S1. Obtain relevant technical data of the power system, including the power system transmission network structure and parameters, new energy access power and load power; take the minimization of energy storage investment planning cost, energy storage equipment and traditional unit operating cost and power system operation backup cost as the objective function, and construct an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup services.

[0191] Among them, the planning model constraints mainly include: 1) new energy site operation constraints: new energy penetration requirements, maximum power abandonment ratio requirements, and output upper and lower limit constraints; 2) system constraints: including system power balance constraints, line transmission capacity limitation constraints, and system operation reserve demand constraints; 3) traditional unit operation constraints: including output upper and lower limit constraints, climbing constraints, and operation reserve upper and lower limit constraints; 4) energy storage operation constraints: including output upper and lower limit constraints, operation reserve upper and lower limit constraints, charging and discharging physical constraints, and charge state calculation and restriction constraints.

[0192] Ⅰ) Objective function: The first item is the energy storage investment planning cost; the second item is the traditional unit operation cost; the third item is the energy storage operation cost; the fourth item is the system up / down backup cost.

[0193]

[0194] In the formula, C sys is the total system cost; is the investment cost of the bth energy storage unit power; Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve quotations of the rth equipment providing reserve service at time t; is the planned charging and discharging power of the bth energy storage; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower spare capacities provided by the rth backup service device at time t; N B 、N G and N R They are the number of system energy storage power stations, traditional units, and equipment providing backup services; T is the total number of time periods.

[0195] II) Constraints on the operation of new energy stations: including the new energy penetration rate requirement (2), the maximum power abandonment ratio requirement (3) and the upper and lower output limit constraints (4).

[0196]

[0197] Where, t=1,2,…,T;n=1,2,…,N N . is the actual power of the nth renewable energy source connected to the system at time t; is the maximum power that can be generated by the nth renewable energy at time t; is the load demand of the dth node at time t; α is the system penetration requirement; β is the maximum power abandonment ratio of the system's new energy; N N and N D They are the number of new energy stations and connected load nodes in the system respectively.

[0198] III) System constraints: including system power balance constraint (5), line transmission capacity limitation constraint (6) and system operation reserve requirement constraint (7)-(10).

[0199]

[0200] Where, t=1,2,…,T; l=1,2,…,L; L is the total number of system lines; is the transmission capacity of the system’s first line at time t; P l L,min and P l L,max They are the lower and upper capacity limits of system line l transmission respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the g-th conventional unit at time t; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the b-th energy storage power station at time t; and are the total upper and lower reserve requirements of the system at time t respectively; and They are the upper and lower reserve total demand ratio coefficients of the system respectively.

[0201] IV) Traditional unit operation constraints: including output upper and lower limit constraints (11), ramp constraint (12) and operating reserve upper and lower limit constraints (13)-(14).

[0202]

[0203] Where, t=1,2,…,T;g=1,2,…,N G ; and are the minimum and maximum active outputs of the g-th conventional unit respectively; and are the downward and upward climbing rates of the g-th conventional unit respectively.

[0204] V) Energy storage operation constraints: including output upper and lower limit constraints (15)-(16), operation reserve upper and lower limit constraints (17)-(18), charging and discharging physical constraints (19), state of charge calculation and limitation constraints (20)-(21).

[0205]

[0206] (20)

[0208]

[0209] Where, t=1,2,…,T;b=1,2,…,N B ; and are the energy stored by the b-th energy storage at time t and time t-1 respectively; and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the energy that can be stored in the b-th energy storage; Indicates the charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage.

[0210] Due to the nonlinear characteristics of formula (19), the energy storage investment planning model constructed by formula (1)-formula (21) is a nonlinear optimization model, which can be solved by nonlinear optimization algorithms such as the interior point method to obtain the optimal planning result when the new energy is connected to the system. (Energy storage investment power), (System backup requirements), (System backup demand), we can further calculate the sum of the system's energy storage investment planning cost and operating backup cost C D,N , as shown in formula (22).

[0211]

[0212] It should be noted that the cost calculated by formula (22) takes into account the impact of the time series fluctuation characteristics of new energy and load on the system cost. This paper focuses on the additional energy storage investment planning cost and operation reserve cost for accepting new energy. Therefore, it is necessary to further eliminate the impact of the time series fluctuation characteristics of load on the cost from the calculation result of formula (22) to obtain the new energy consumption cost. Therefore, the new energy consumption cost should be the change in the investment planning cost and operation reserve cost of the system before and after the new energy is connected. N , that is, formula (23), where C D It is the sum of the investment planning cost and the operation standby cost when the new energy is not connected to the system. Its calculation formula is formula (24).

[0213] C N =C D,N -C D (twenty three)

[0214]

[0215] In the formula, It is the optimal planning result of the energy storage investment planning model (1)-(21) when new energy is not connected to the system.

[0216] S2. Solve the energy storage investment planning model constructed in S1, calculate the cost substitution benefit of new energy consumption based on VCG theory, and complete the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs:

[0217] θ n =C D,N -C D,-n (25)

[0218]

[0219] Where i = 1,…,N N ; N N is the number of new energy stations; θ n is the cost substitution benefit of the consumption of the nth new energy; C D,N It is the sum of the system investment planning cost and operation standby cost when new energy is connected; C D,-n is the sum of the investment planning cost and the operation standby cost when the nth new energy station is not connected to the system; C N is the consumption cost to be shared in the system; C n It is the consumption cost borne by the nth renewable energy in the initial apportionment.

[0220] S3. Calculate the flexibility capabilities of power grids in different regions, including:

[0221] The power grid is divided into Z different regional power grids according to administrative divisions. Secondly, for the z-th (z=1,…,Z) regional power grid, the following four types of flexibility indicators are constructed to quantitatively characterize the flexible regulation capability of the regional power grid: 1) The power regulation upper boundary of the interconnection line between the regional power grid and other regional power grids 2) Power regulation lower limit 3) Maximum climbing rate 4) Maximum downhill climbing rate Finally, by constructing and solving the economic dispatch model (27), (28) and (29) with flexibility index as the objective function, the quantitative evaluation of the power grid absorption capacity of each region can be realized. The economic dispatch model (27), (28) and (29) mainly include system constraints such as power balance and line transmission capacity limitation and operation constraints of energy storage and traditional units. The details are as follows:

[0222] The optimization model for calculating the upper and lower bounds of the power regulation of the tie line of the z-th regional power grid is constructed and solved by the branch and bound method to obtain the upper bound of the power regulation of the tie line of the z-th regional power grid. and power regulation lower boundary

[0223]

[0224] Where, t = 1, 2, ..., T; m = 1, 2, ..., M; M is the number of interconnection lines in the regional power grid; is the power of the mth interconnection line of the zth regional power grid at time t.

[0225] Calculate the maximum ramp rate of the z-th regional power grid and maximum downhill climbing rate Taking the minimization of the operating cost of energy storage and traditional units as the objective function, the economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid (Equation (29)) is constructed, and the current interconnection line power is obtained by the branch and bound method. Finally, the maximum ramp rate of the z-th regional power grid is obtained by equations (30) and (31): and maximum downhill climbing rate

[0226]

[0227]

[0228] In the formula, and The interconnection line power of economic dispatch model (27)-(28) is Solve the result.

[0229] The four types of flexibility indicators of each regional power grid are normalized. The upper limit of regional power grid tie line power regulation is Power regulation lower limit Maximum climbing rate and maximum downhill climbing rate (z=1,…,Z) The four types of flexibility indicators are normalized by Min-Max to obtain their normalized values and (z=1,…,Z).

[0230] Calculation of the flexibility comprehensive score of each regional power grid. Based on the normalized value of the flexibility index, the flexibility comprehensive score K of each regional power grid can be further calculated by formula (32): z (z=1,…,Z).

[0231]

[0232] In the formula, and These are the weight coefficients of the four types of flexibility indicators calculated by the hierarchical analysis method.

[0233] The comprehensive score of the regional power grid flexibility K z (z=1,…,Z) Calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient η of the consumption cost z As shown in formula (33), K mean is the average comprehensive score of regional power grid flexibility, which can be calculated by formula (34).

[0234] η z =(K z -K mean )100% (33)

[0235]

[0236] S4. Secondary allocation of new energy consumption costs taking into account regional grid differences:

[0237] Initial cost allocation C at each new energy station n (n=1,…,N N ), according to formula (11), the redistribution ratio coefficient η of the regional power grid to which it belongs is z Further adjustment can be made to obtain the shared cost C' of the nth new energy station (belonging to the zth regional power grid): n (n=1,…,N N )

[0238] C' n =C n -η z C n (35)

[0239] The imbalance cost ΔC is calculated by formula (36): n , and is evenly distributed to all new energy stations by formula (37).

[0240]

[0241] Construct a new energy consumption cost allocation method that takes into account regional power grid differences. The overall calculation process is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0242] Embodiment 12:

[0243] A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account the differences in regional power grids.

[0244] The IEEE 14-node power system and a real power grid are used as examples for simulation analysis to verify the effectiveness of the comprehensive calculation and reasonable allocation method of the new energy consumption cost proposed in the present invention. Among them, nodes 2, 4, 6 and 8 of the IEEE 14-node test system are connected to new energy, and the new energy penetration rate is 70%. Figure 2As shown in the figure. The actual power grid consists of all 500kV power grids in a province and two parts of 220kV non-circuit area power grids, with a total of 104 nodes, 144 lines, 34 traditional units, and 15 new energy stations. The total installed capacity of power sources in the actual power grid is 81.05 million kW, the total installed capacity of new energy is 26.4 million kW, and the maximum load is 32.4 million kW. The penetration rate of new energy is 43% during simulation.

[0245] Specifically, the IEEE 14-bus test system is divided into four different regional grids:

[0246] 1) Regional power grid A: including nodes 1, 2 and 5;

[0247] 2) Regional power grid B: including nodes 3 and 4;

[0248] 3) Regional power grid C: including nodes 6, 11, 12 and 13;

[0249] 4) Regional power grid D: includes nodes 7, 8, 9, 10 and 14.

[0250] Based on the current administrative divisions of the province, an actual power grid is divided into three different regional power grids, which are named regional power grids S1, S2 and S3 respectively.

[0251] Results of redistribution of renewable energy consumption costs in IEEE 14-node test system

[0252] Table 1 shows the comprehensive scores K of regional power grid flexibility based on the IEEE 14-node test system simulation. z (z=1,…,Z), and the initial allocation results of the consumption cost are compared in Table 2. n (n=1,…,N N ) and the redistribution results

[0253] Table 1 Comprehensive scores of grid flexibility in each region of the IEEE 14-bus system

[0254]

[0255] As shown in Table 1, the flexibility comprehensive score of regional grid B is the highest, and the flexibility comprehensive score of regional grid C is the lowest. At the same time, the average flexibility comprehensive score is 29.57. Therefore, in the redistribution, the new energy stations belonging to regional grids A and B will reduce the shared consumption costs, and correspondingly, the new energy stations belonging to regional grids C and D will increase the shared consumption costs.

[0256] As shown in Table 2, after redistribution, the cost of node 4 new energy station (belonging to regional power grid B) decreased from 751,300 yuan to 617,200 yuan, while the cost of node 6 new energy station (belonging to regional power grid C) increased from 322,800 yuan to 425,500 yuan. Combined with the changes in the shared costs of node 2 and node 8 new energy stations, it can be seen that the new energy consumption cost redistribution method proposed in this paper that takes into account the differences in regional power grids can make the new energy under the regional power grid with strong consumption capacity bear relatively less cost, and achieve a more fair and reasonable sharing result.

[0257] Table 2 Comparison of initial allocation and re-allocation results of new energy cost for IEEE 14-bus system

[0258]

[0259] The result of redistribution of the cost of absorbing new energy in an actual power grid

[0260] Table 3 shows the comprehensive scores of regional power grid flexibility using a real power grid as an example. Figure 4 The initial allocation results of the new energy consumption cost are compared in C n (n=1,…,N N ) and the redistribution results

[0261] As shown in Table 3, the flexibility comprehensive score of regional power grid S1 is the highest, and the flexibility comprehensive score of regional power grid S3 is the lowest. At the same time, the average flexibility comprehensive score can be calculated to be 42.05. Furthermore, the redistribution ratio coefficients of the consumption cost of each regional power grid can be calculated according to formula (7)-formula (8), which are 33.95%, 0.06%, and -32.00% respectively. Therefore, in the redistribution, the new energy stations belonging to regional power grids S1 and S2 will reduce the shared consumption cost, and correspondingly, the new energy stations belonging to regional power grid S3 will increase the shared consumption cost.

[0262] Table 3 Comprehensive scores of grid flexibility in various regions of a real power grid

[0263]

[0264] exist Figure 4Among them, the absorption costs shared by the new energy stations No. 1 and No. 2 (belonging to the regional power grid S1) were reduced from 107.3 million yuan and 101.8 million yuan to 64.8 million yuan and 61.1 million yuan respectively; the absorption costs shared by the new energy stations No. 3 to No. 10 (belonging to the regional power grid S2) were also reduced. For example, the absorption costs shared by the new energy stations No. 3 and No. 10 were reduced from 85.9 million yuan and 88.5 million yuan to 78.7 million yuan and 81.4 million yuan respectively. At the same time, it can also be observed that the reduction degree of the absorption costs shared by the new energy stations No. 3 to No. 10 is less than that of the new energy stations No. 1 and No. 2. This is because the comprehensive flexibility score of the regional power grid S1 is greater than the comprehensive flexibility score of the regional power grid S2; on the contrary, Figure 4 It can be seen that the final shared consumption costs of the new energy stations No. 11 to No. 15 (belonging to the regional power grid S3) have all increased. For example, the consumption costs shared by the new energy stations No. 11 and No. 15 increased from 109.9 million yuan and 108.3 million yuan to 139.1 million yuan and 127.0 million yuan, respectively.

[0265] It can be seen that the new energy consumption cost redistribution method proposed in this article can complete the consumption cost redistribution based on the comprehensive score of flexibility indicators on the basis of the initial consumption cost allocation. Under the condition that the total shared cost remains unchanged, the new energy under the regional power grid with strong consumption capacity will bear relatively less cost, and the sharing result will be more fair and reasonable, which is conducive to promoting the investment and construction of new energy in regions with strong consumption capacity.

Claims

1. A method for allocating the cost of new energy consumption taking into account the differences in regional power grids, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Obtain relevant technical data of the power system. 2) Taking the minimization of energy storage investment planning cost, energy storage equipment and traditional unit operating cost, and power system operating reserve cost as the objective function, an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and reserve service is constructed; 3) Based on the relevant technical data of the power system, the energy storage investment planning model is solved to obtain the consumption costs borne by different new energy sites in the initial allocation, and the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs is completed; 4) Taking into account the differences in regional power grids, calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions; 5) Based on the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost, the consumption cost of new energy stations is secondarily allocated on the basis of the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost.

2. A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The technical data related to the power system include the power system transmission network structure and parameters, new energy access power and load power.

3. A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function of the energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup service is as follows: In the formula, C sys is the total system cost; is the investment cost of the bth energy storage unit power; Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower reserve quotations of the rth equipment providing reserve service at time t; is the planned charging and discharging power of the bth energy storage; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; and are the upper and lower spare capacities provided by the rth backup service device at time t; N B 、N G and N R They are the number of system energy storage power stations, traditional units, and equipment providing backup services; T is the total number of time periods.

4. A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constraints of the energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and backup services include new energy station operation constraints, system constraints, traditional unit operation constraints, and energy storage operation constraints; The operating constraints of the new energy stations include new energy penetration rate constraints, maximum power abandonment ratio constraints, and output upper and lower limit constraints; The system constraints include system power balance constraints, line transmission capacity limitation constraints and system operation reserve demand constraints; The conventional unit operation constraints include output upper and lower limit constraints, ramp constraints, and operation standby upper and lower limit constraints; The energy storage operation constraints include output upper and lower limit constraints, operation reserve upper and lower limit constraints, charging and discharging physical constraints, and charge state calculation and restriction constraints; Among them, the new energy penetration rate constraint, the maximum power abandonment ratio constraint, and the output upper and lower limit constraints are as follows: Where, t=1,2,…,T;n=1,2,…,N N ; is the actual power of the nth renewable energy source connected to the system at time t; is the maximum power that can be generated by the nth renewable energy at time t; is the load demand of the dth node at time t; α is the system penetration requirement; β is the maximum power abandonment ratio of the system's new energy; N N and N D They are the number of new energy stations and access load nodes in the system respectively; The system power balance constraints and line transmission capacity limit constraints are as follows: In the formula, is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and They are the lower and upper capacity limits of system line l transmission respectively; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; is the transmission capacity of system line l; t=1,2,…,T; l=1,2,…,L; L is the total number of system lines; The system operation reserve requirement constraints are as follows: In the formula, and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the g-th conventional unit at time t; and are the upper and lower reserve capacities provided by the b-th energy storage power station at time t; and are the total upper and lower reserve requirements of the system at time t respectively; and are the system upper and lower reserve total demand ratio coefficients respectively; and are the upper and lower spare capacities provided by the rth device providing spare service at time t; The output upper and lower limit constraints and climbing constraints are as follows: In the formula, and are the minimum and maximum active outputs of the g-th conventional unit respectively; and are the downward and upward climbing rates of the g-th conventional unit respectively; is the power of the g-th unit at time t+1; Running alternate upper and lower bound constraints is as follows: The output upper and lower limits are as follows: Running alternate upper and lower bound constraints is as follows: The physical constraints of charge and discharge are as follows: The state of charge calculation and limitation constraints are as follows: Where, t=1,2,…,T;b=1,2,…,N B ; and are the energy stored by the b-th energy storage at time t and time t-1 respectively; and are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the energy that can be stored in the b-th energy storage; Indicates the charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage.

5. A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The consumption costs borne by the nth new energy station in the initial allocation are as follows: i n =C D,N -C D,-n (22) Where i = 1,…,N N ; N N is the number of new energy stations; θ n is the cost substitution benefit of the consumption of the nth new energy; C D,N It is the sum of the system investment planning cost and operation standby cost when the new energy station is connected; C D,-n is the sum of the investment planning cost and the operation standby cost when the nth new energy station is not connected to the system; C N is the consumption cost to be shared in the system; C n is the consumption cost borne by the nth renewable energy in the initial allocation; θ i is the cost substitution benefit of absorbing the i-th new energy; Among them, the sum of energy storage investment planning cost and operation reserve cost is C D,N As shown below: In the formula, The optimal energy storage investment power, system upper reserve demand, and system lower reserve demand calculated by the energy storage investment planning model.

6. A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for calculating the redistribution ratio coefficient of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions include: 1) Divide the power grid into Z different regional power grids; 2) For the z-th regional power grid, construct a flexibility index to quantify the flexible regulation capability of the regional power grid, including the upper limit of power regulation. Power regulation lower boundary Maximum climbing rate Maximum downhill climbing rate 3) Construct the upper and lower bounds of the regional power grid tie line power regulation, and solve them through the branch and bound method to obtain the upper bound of the power regulation of the tie line of the z-th regional power grid. and power regulation lower boundary Right now: Where, t = 1, 2, ..., T; m = 1, 2, ..., M; M is the number of interconnection lines in the regional power grid; is the power of the mth tie line of the zth regional power grid at time t; 4) Taking the minimization of the operating cost of energy storage and traditional units as the objective function, the economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid is constructed, and the current interconnection line power is obtained by the branch and bound method. 5) Based on the current tie line power Calculate the maximum ramp rate of the z-th regional power grid and maximum downhill climbing rate Right now: In the formula, and is the tie line power of equation (25)-(26) Solve the result. 6) Normalize the flexibility index of each regional power grid to obtain the normalized flexibility index and 7) Based on the normalized flexibility index, calculate the comprehensive flexibility score K of each regional power grid z ,Right now: In the formula, and They are the weight coefficients of the four types of flexibility indicators calculated by the analytic hierarchy process; 8) Based on the comprehensive scoring results of the regional power grid flexibility K z , calculate the redistribution ratio coefficient η of the consumption cost z ,Right now: or z =(K z -K mean )100% (30) In the formula, K mean It is the average comprehensive score of regional power grid flexibility.

7. A method for allocating the cost of new energy consumption taking into account the differences in regional power grids according to claim 6, characterized in that: The economic dispatch model of the z-th regional power grid is as follows: In the formula, Provide operating quotation for the g-th conventional unit; and are the discharge and charge quotations of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; is the power of the g-th unit at time t; and are the discharge and charge powers of the b-th energy storage at time t respectively; NB,Z and NG,Z are the number of backup service equipment provided by the system energy storage power station and traditional units; T is the total number of time periods.

8. A new energy consumption cost allocation method taking into account regional power grid differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for secondary allocation of the cost of new energy consumption include: 1) Based on the redistribution ratio coefficient of the regional power grid, the consumption cost borne by the new energy station in the initial allocation is adjusted to obtain: C' n =C n -η z C n (33) Where C' n is the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy station after adjustment; η z is the redistribution ratio coefficient; 2) Calculate the imbalance cost ΔC n ,Right now: 3) Imbalance cost ΔC n The consumption cost of the nth renewable energy source in the secondary allocation is obtained, and the secondary allocation of the consumption cost of renewable energy source is completed; Among them, the consumption cost borne by the nth new energy in the secondary allocation is as follows: Where N N is the number of new energy stations; This is the result of secondary allocation of consumption costs.

9. A system based on the new energy consumption cost allocation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes a power system data acquisition module, a new energy consumption cost initial allocation module, a re-allocation ratio coefficient calculation module, and a new energy consumption cost secondary allocation module; The power system data acquisition module is used to acquire technical data related to the power system; The new energy consumption cost initial allocation module stores an energy storage investment planning model including energy storage investment planning and standby services; The new energy consumption cost initial allocation module solves the energy storage investment planning model based on the relevant technical data of the power system, obtains the consumption costs borne by different new energy sites in the initial allocation, and completes the initial allocation of new energy consumption costs; The redistribution ratio coefficient calculation module is used to calculate the redistribution ratio coefficients of the consumption cost of power grids in different regions; The new energy consumption cost secondary allocation module performs secondary allocation of the new energy site consumption cost based on the consumption cost redistribution ratio coefficient and on the basis of the initial allocation of the new energy consumption cost.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is executed.

Images